Ko tenei tuhinga ka aro nui ki nga kaiwhakaatu me nga kaiwhakawhanake, engari ko te nuinga mo nga tohunga miihini e pa ana ki te raru o te whakatuu GitLab CI/CD mo te whakamatautau whakauru i roto i nga tikanga o te kore rawa o nga rauemi hanganga me te kore o te ipu. tūāpapa orkestra. Ka korerotia e ahau ki a koe me pehea te whakarite i te whakatakotoranga o nga taiao whakamatautau ma te whakamahi i te tito docker ki runga i te kaikawe anga GitLab kotahi, a na te tuku i nga taiao maha, kaore nga ratonga i whakarewahia e pokanoa tetahi ki tetahi.
Tuhinga
Nga whakaritenga
-
I roto i taku mahi, he maha nga wa i "whakamatautauhia" te whakamatautau whakauru i runga i nga kaupapa. A ko te raru tuatahi me te tino nui ko te paipa CI, kei reira nga whakamatautau whakauru e whakawhanakehia ana Ka mahia nga ratonga i roto i te taiao dev/atamira. He maha nga raruraru i puta mai i tenei:
- Na nga hapa o tetahi ratonga i te wa o te whakamatautau whakauru, ka pakaru pea te waahi whakamatautau i nga raraunga pakaru. I etahi wa ka tukuna he tono me te whakatakotoranga JSON pakaru i pakaru te ratonga, na reira ka kore e taea te mahi.
- Te whakaroa o te ara iahiko whakamatautau i te pikinga o nga raraunga whakamatautau. Ki taku whakaaro karekau he tikanga ki te whakaahua i tetahi tauira me te horoi/whakahoki whakamuri i te putunga raraunga. I roto i aku mahi, kare ano au i tutaki ki tetahi kaupapa i haere pai ai tenei tikanga.
- Ko te morearea o te whakararu i te mahi o te ara iahiko whakamatautau i te wa e whakamatautau ana i nga tautuhinga punaha whanui. Hei tauira, he kaupapa here kaiwhakamahi/rōpū/kupuhipa/tono.
- Ko nga raraunga whakamatautau mai i nga whakamatautau aunoa ka uaua te oranga mo nga kaitoro a-ringa.
Ko etahi ka kii ko nga whakamatautau aunoa pai me horoi nga raraunga i muri i a raatau ano. He tohe taku ki:
- He tino watea ki te whakamahi i nga turanga hihiko.
- Kaore e taea te tango i nga mea katoa mai i te punaha ma te API. Hei tauira, ko te waea ki te muku i tetahi mea kaore i whakatinanahia na te mea ka whakahē i te arorau pakihi.
- A, no te hanga i tetahi mea ma te API, ka taea te hanga i te nui o nga metadata, he raruraru ki te whakakore.
- Mena ka whakawhirinaki nga whakamatautau ki a raatau ano, katahi ka huri te tukanga o te horoi i nga raraunga i muri i nga whakamatautau ka huri ki te mahunga.
- Ko etahi atu (me taku whakaaro, kaore i te tika) nga waea ki te API.
- A ko te tohenga matua: ka tiimata ana nga raraunga whakamatautau ki te whakawātea tika mai i te pātengi raraunga. Ka huri tenei ki te PK/FK circus tūturu! Ka rongo matou mai i nga kaiwhakawhanake: "Katahi ano ahau ka tapiri/tangohia/whakaingoatia he tohu, he aha i mau ai nga whakamatautau whakauru 100500?"
Ki taku whakaaro, ko te otinga tino pai ko te taiao hihiri.
- He maha nga tangata e whakamahi ana i te docker-compose ki te whakahaere i tetahi taiao whakamatautau, engari he iti noa nga tangata e whakamahi ana i te docker-compose i te wa e whakahaere ana i nga whakamatautau whakauru ki te CI/CD. I konei kaore au i te whai whakaaro ki nga kubernetes, pokai me etahi atu papahanga whakahiato ipu. Kaore nga kamupene katoa i a raatau. He pai mena ko docker-compose.yml te ao.
- Ahakoa kei a tatou ake ano te kaikawe QA, me pehea e taea ai e tatou te whakarite kia kore nga ratonga i whakarewahia ma te docker-compose e pokanoa tetahi ki tetahi?
- Me pehea te kohikohi i nga raarangi o nga ratonga kua whakamatauria?
- Me pehea te horoi i te kaihoroi?
Kei a au ake taku kaikawe GitLab mo aku kaupapa, ka tutaki ahau ki enei patai i te wa e whanake ana ki . He tika ake, i te wa e whakahaere ana i nga whakamatautau whakauru. Kei raro nei ka whakatauhia enei take ma te whakamahi i nga tauira mai i tenei kaupapa.
GitLab Shell Runner
Mo te kaiwhaiwhai, ka tūtohu ahau he miihini mariko Linux me te 4 vCPU, 4 GB RAM, 50 GB HDD.
He maha nga korero mo te whakatuu gitlab-runner i runga i te Ipurangi, no reira poto:
- Takiuru ki te miihini ma te SSH
-
Mena he iti ake i te 8 GB RAM, ka tūtohu ahau kia kore ai te kaipatu OOM e haere mai ki te patu i a tatou mahi na te kore o te RAM. Ka puta tenei ina neke atu i te 5 nga mahi ka whakarewahia i te wa kotahi. Ka tere haere nga mahi, engari ka mau tonu.
He tauira me te kaipatu OOM
Mena ka kite koe i nga raarangi mahi
bash: line 82: 26474 Killed, katahi ka mahia ki runga i te kaiwhaiwhaisudo dmesg | grep 26474[26474] 1002 26474 1061935 123806 339 0 0 java Out of memory: Kill process 26474 (java) score 127 or sacrifice child Killed process 26474 (java) total-vm:4247740kB, anon-rss:495224kB, file-rss:0kB, shmem-rss:0kBA, ki te penei te ahua o te pikitia, katahi ka taapirihia te whakawhiti me te taapiri RAM.
- Whakauruhia , , , hanga.
- Te taapiri i tetahi kaiwhakamahi
gitlab-runnerki te roopudockersudo groupadd docker sudo usermod -aG docker gitlab-runner - gitlab-runner.
-
Tuwhera mo te whakatika
/etc/gitlab-runner/config.tomlme te tapiriconcurrent=20 [[runners]] request_concurrency = 10Ma tenei ka taea e koe te whakahaere i nga mahi whakarara i runga i te kaiwhai kotahi. Pānuitia atu .
Mena kei a koe he miihini kaha ake, hei tauira 8 vCPU, 16 GB RAM, ka taea te hanga i enei nama kia 2 nga wa nui ake. Engari ka whakawhirinaki katoa ki nga mea ka tukuna ki runga i tenei kaiwhai me te aha te rahinga.
He nui tena.
Te whakarite docker-compose.yml
Ko te mahi matua he docker-compose.yml, ka taea e nga kaiwhakawhanake/kaiwhakamatau te whakamahi i te rohe me te paipa CI.
Tuatahi, ka hangaia e matou nga ingoa ratonga ahurei mo CI. Ko tetahi o nga taurangi ahurei i roto i te GitLab CI ko te taurangi CI_JOB_ID. Mena ka tohua e koe container_name me te tikanga "service-${CI_JOB_ID:-local}", na i roto i te keehi:
- ki te
CI_JOB_IDkaore i tautuhia i nga taurangi taiao,
katahi ko te ingoa ratongaservice-local - ki te
CI_JOB_IDkua tautuhia i roto i nga taurangi taiao (hei tauira 123),
katahi ko te ingoa ratongaservice-123
Tuarua, ka hangaia e matou he whatunga noa mo nga ratonga kua whakarewahia. Ma tenei ka wehe mai i te taumata-whatunga i te wa e whakahaere ana i nga taiao whakamatautau maha.
networks:
default:
external:
name: service-network-${CI_JOB_ID:-local}Inaa, koinei te taahiraa tuatahi ki te angitu =)
He tauira o taku docker-compose.yml me nga korero
version: "3"
# Для корректной работы web (php) и fmt нужно,
# чтобы контейнеры имели общий исполняемый контент.
# В нашем случае, это директория /var/www/testrail
volumes:
static-content:
# Изолируем окружение на сетевом уровне
networks:
default:
external:
name: testrail-network-${CI_JOB_ID:-local}
services:
db:
image: mysql:5.7.22
# Каждый container_name содержит ${CI_JOB_ID:-local}
container_name: "testrail-mysql-${CI_JOB_ID:-local}"
environment:
MYSQL_HOST: db
MYSQL_DATABASE: mydb
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 1234
SKIP_GRANT_TABLES: 1
SKIP_NETWORKING: 1
SERVICE_TAGS: dev
SERVICE_NAME: mysql
networks:
- default
migration:
image: registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/migration:latest
container_name: "testrail-migration-${CI_JOB_ID:-local}"
links:
- db
depends_on:
- db
networks:
- default
fpm:
image: registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/fpm:latest
container_name: "testrail-fpm-${CI_JOB_ID:-local}"
volumes:
- static-content:/var/www/testrail
links:
- db
networks:
- default
web:
image: registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/web:latest
container_name: "testrail-web-${CI_JOB_ID:-local}"
# Если переменные TR_HTTP_PORT или TR_HTTPS_PORTS не определены,
# то сервис поднимается на 80 и 443 порту соответственно.
ports:
- ${TR_HTTP_PORT:-80}:80
- ${TR_HTTPS_PORT:-443}:443
volumes:
- static-content:/var/www/testrail
links:
- db
- fpm
networks:
- defaultHe tauira oma rohe
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d
Starting testrail-mysql-local ... done
Starting testrail-migration-local ... done
Starting testrail-fpm-local ... done
Recreating testrail-web-local ... doneEngari ehara i te mea ngawari katoa me te whakarewatanga i roto i te CI.
Te whakarite i te Makefile
Ka whakamahi ahau i te Makefile na te mea he tino watea mo te whakahaere taiao o te rohe me te CI. Ētahi atu kōrero ipurangi
# У меня в проектах все вспомогательные вещи лежат в директории `.indirect`,
# в том числе и `docker-compose.yml`
# Использовать bash с опцией pipefail
# pipefail - фейлит выполнение пайпа, если команда выполнилась с ошибкой
SHELL=/bin/bash -o pipefail
# Останавливаем контейнеры и удаляем сеть
docker-kill:
docker-compose -f $${CI_JOB_ID:-.indirect}/docker-compose.yml kill
docker network rm network-$${CI_JOB_ID:-testrail} || true
# Предварительно выполняем docker-kill
docker-up: docker-kill
# Создаем сеть для окружения
docker network create network-$${CI_JOB_ID:-testrail}
# Забираем последние образы из docker-registry
docker-compose -f $${CI_JOB_ID:-.indirect}/docker-compose.yml pull
# Запускаем окружение
# force-recreate - принудительное пересоздание контейнеров
# renew-anon-volumes - не использовать volumes предыдущих контейнеров
docker-compose -f $${CI_JOB_ID:-.indirect}/docker-compose.yml up --force-recreate --renew-anon-volumes -d
# Ну и, на всякий случай, вывести что там у нас в принципе запущено на машинке
docker ps
# Коллектим логи сервисов
docker-logs:
mkdir ./logs || true
docker logs testrail-web-$${CI_JOB_ID:-local} >& logs/testrail-web.log
docker logs testrail-fpm-$${CI_JOB_ID:-local} >& logs/testrail-fpm.log
docker logs testrail-migration-$${CI_JOB_ID:-local} >& logs/testrail-migration.log
docker logs testrail-mysql-$${CI_JOB_ID:-local} >& logs/testrail-mysql.log
# Очистка раннера
docker-clean:
@echo Останавливаем все testrail-контейнеры
docker kill $$(docker ps --filter=name=testrail -q) || true
@echo Очистка докер контейнеров
docker rm -f $$(docker ps -a -f --filter=name=testrail status=exited -q) || true
@echo Очистка dangling образов
docker rmi -f $$(docker images -f "dangling=true" -q) || true
@echo Очистка testrail образов
docker rmi -f $$(docker images --filter=reference='registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/*' -q) || true
@echo Очистка всех неиспользуемых volume
docker volume rm -f $$(docker volume ls -q) || true
@echo Очистка всех testrail сетей
docker network rm $(docker network ls --filter=name=testrail -q) || true
docker ps
Arowhai
hanga docker-up
$ make docker-up
docker-compose -f ${CI_JOB_ID:-.indirect}/docker-compose.yml kill
Killing testrail-web-local ... done
Killing testrail-fpm-local ... done
Killing testrail-mysql-local ... done
docker network rm network-${CI_JOB_ID:-testrail} || true
network-testrail
docker network create network-${CI_JOB_ID:-testrail}
d2ec063324081c8bbc1b08fd92242c2ea59d70cf4025fab8efcbc5c6360f083f
docker-compose -f ${CI_JOB_ID:-.indirect}/docker-compose.yml pull
Pulling db ... done
Pulling migration ... done
Pulling fpm ... done
Pulling web ... done
docker-compose -f ${CI_JOB_ID:-.indirect}/docker-compose.yml up --force-recreate --renew-anon-volumes -d
Recreating testrail-mysql-local ... done
Recreating testrail-fpm-local ... done
Recreating testrail-migration-local ... done
Recreating testrail-web-local ... done
docker ps
CONTAINER ID PORTS NAMES
a845d3cb0e5a 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:443->443/tcp testrail-web-local
19d8ef001398 9000/tcp testrail-fpm-local
e28840a2369c 3306/tcp, 33060/tcp testrail-migration-local
0e7900c23f37 3306/tcp testrail-mysql-local
hanga docker-logs
$ make docker-logs
mkdir ./logs || true
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘./logs’: File exists
docker logs testrail-web-${CI_JOB_ID:-local} >& logs/testrail-web.log
docker logs testrail-fpm-${CI_JOB_ID:-local} >& logs/testrail-fpm.log
docker logs testrail-migration-${CI_JOB_ID:-local} >& logs/testrail-migration.log
docker logs testrail-mysql-${CI_JOB_ID:-local} >& logs/testrail-mysql.log
Te whakarite .gitlab-ci.yml
Te whakahaere i nga whakamatautau whakauru
Integration:
stage: test
tags:
- my-shell-runner
before_script:
# Аутентифицируемся в registry
- docker login -u gitlab-ci-token -p ${CI_JOB_TOKEN} ${CI_REGISTRY}
# Генерируем псевдоуникальные TR_HTTP_PORT и TR_HTTPS_PORT
- export TR_HTTP_PORT=$(shuf -i10000-60000 -n1)
- export TR_HTTPS_PORT=$(shuf -i10000-60000 -n1)
# создаем директорию с идентификатором задачи
- mkdir ${CI_JOB_ID}
# копируем в созданную директорию наш docker-compose.yml
# чтобы контекст был разный для каждой задачи
- cp .indirect/docker-compose.yml ${CI_JOB_ID}/docker-compose.yml
script:
# поднимаем наше окружение
- make docker-up
# запускаем тесты исполняемым jar (у меня так)
- java -jar itest.jar --http-port ${TR_HTTP_PORT} --https-port ${TR_HTTPS_PORT}
# или в контейнере
- docker run --network=testrail-network-${CI_JOB_ID:-local} --rm itest
after_script:
# собираем логи
- make docker-logs
# останавливаем окружение
- make docker-kill
artifacts:
# сохраняем логи
when: always
paths:
- logs
expire_in: 30 daysKo te hua o te whakahaere i taua mahi, kei roto i te raarangi raarangi i roto i nga taonga toi nga raarangi ratonga me nga raarangi whakamatautau. He tino watea ina he he. Ko ia whakamatautau ka tuhi i tana ake raarangi, engari ka korero motuhake ahau mo tenei.
Te horoi i te kaihoroi
Ka whakarewahia te mahi i runga i te waarangi anake.
stages:
- clean
- build
- test
Clean runner:
stage: clean
only:
- schedules
tags:
- my-shell-runner
script:
- make docker-cleanI muri mai, haere ki ta maatau kaupapa GitLab -> CI / CD -> Whakaritea -> Whakaritea Hou me te taapiri i te waarangi hou
hua
Te whakarewa i nga mahi e 4 ki GitLab CI
I roto i nga rarangi o te mahi whakamutunga me nga whakamatautau whakauru ka kite tatou i nga ipu mai i nga mahi rereke
CONTAINER ID NAMES
c6b76f9135ed testrail-web-204645172
01d303262d8e testrail-fpm-204645172
2cdab1edbf6a testrail-migration-204645172
826aaf7c0a29 testrail-mysql-204645172
6dbb3fae0322 testrail-web-204645084
3540f8d448ce testrail-fpm-204645084
70fea72aa10d testrail-mysql-204645084
d8aa24b2892d testrail-web-204644881
6d4ccd910fad testrail-fpm-204644881
685d8023a3ec testrail-mysql-204644881
1cdfc692003a testrail-web-204644793
6f26dfb2683e testrail-fpm-204644793
029e16b26201 testrail-mysql-204644793
c10443222ac6 testrail-web-204567103
04339229397e testrail-fpm-204567103
6ae0accab28d testrail-mysql-204567103
b66b60d79e43 testrail-web-204553690
033b1f46afa9 testrail-fpm-204553690
a8879c5ef941 testrail-mysql-204553690
069954ba6010 testrail-web-204553539
ed6b17d911a5 testrail-fpm-204553539
1a1eed057ea0 testrail-mysql-204553539Rakau taipitopito atu
$ docker login -u gitlab-ci-token -p ${CI_JOB_TOKEN} ${CI_REGISTRY}
WARNING! Using --password via the CLI is insecure. Use --password-stdin.
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /home/gitlab-runner/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
$ export TR_HTTP_PORT=$(shuf -i10000-60000 -n1)
$ export TR_HTTPS_PORT=$(shuf -i10000-60000 -n1)
$ mkdir ${CI_JOB_ID}
$ cp .indirect/docker-compose.yml ${CI_JOB_ID}/docker-compose.yml
$ make docker-up
docker-compose -f ${CI_JOB_ID:-.indirect}/docker-compose.yml kill
docker network rm testrail-network-${CI_JOB_ID:-local} || true
Error: No such network: testrail-network-204645172
docker network create testrail-network-${CI_JOB_ID:-local}
0a59552b4464b8ab484de6ae5054f3d5752902910bacb0a7b5eca698766d0331
docker-compose -f ${CI_JOB_ID:-.indirect}/docker-compose.yml pull
Pulling web ... done
Pulling fpm ... done
Pulling migration ... done
Pulling db ... done
docker-compose -f ${CI_JOB_ID:-.indirect}/docker-compose.yml up --force-recreate --renew-anon-volumes -d
Creating volume "204645172_static-content" with default driver
Creating testrail-mysql-204645172 ...
Creating testrail-mysql-204645172 ... done
Creating testrail-migration-204645172 ... done
Creating testrail-fpm-204645172 ... done
Creating testrail-web-204645172 ... done
docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c6b76f9135ed registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/web:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 13 seconds ago Up 1 second 0.0.0.0:51148->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:25426->443/tcp testrail-web-204645172
01d303262d8e registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/fpm:latest "docker-php-entrypoi…" 16 seconds ago Up 13 seconds 9000/tcp testrail-fpm-204645172
2cdab1edbf6a registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/migration:latest "docker-entrypoint.s…" 16 seconds ago Up 13 seconds 3306/tcp, 33060/tcp testrail-migration-204645172
826aaf7c0a29 mysql:5.7.22 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 18 seconds ago Up 16 seconds 3306/tcp testrail-mysql-204645172
6dbb3fae0322 registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/web:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 36 seconds ago Up 22 seconds 0.0.0.0:44202->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:20151->443/tcp testrail-web-204645084
3540f8d448ce registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/fpm:latest "docker-php-entrypoi…" 38 seconds ago Up 35 seconds 9000/tcp testrail-fpm-204645084
70fea72aa10d mysql:5.7.22 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 40 seconds ago Up 37 seconds 3306/tcp testrail-mysql-204645084
d8aa24b2892d registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/web:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" About a minute ago Up 53 seconds 0.0.0.0:31103->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:43872->443/tcp testrail-web-204644881
6d4ccd910fad registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/fpm:latest "docker-php-entrypoi…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 9000/tcp testrail-fpm-204644881
685d8023a3ec mysql:5.7.22 "docker-entrypoint.s…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 3306/tcp testrail-mysql-204644881
1cdfc692003a registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/web:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:44752->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:23540->443/tcp testrail-web-204644793
6f26dfb2683e registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/fpm:latest "docker-php-entrypoi…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 9000/tcp testrail-fpm-204644793
029e16b26201 mysql:5.7.22 "docker-entrypoint.s…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 3306/tcp testrail-mysql-204644793
c10443222ac6 registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/web:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 0.0.0.0:57123->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:31657->443/tcp testrail-web-204567103
04339229397e registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/fpm:latest "docker-php-entrypoi…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 9000/tcp testrail-fpm-204567103
6ae0accab28d mysql:5.7.22 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 3306/tcp testrail-mysql-204567103
b66b60d79e43 registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/web:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 0.0.0.0:56321->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:58749->443/tcp testrail-web-204553690
033b1f46afa9 registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/fpm:latest "docker-php-entrypoi…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 9000/tcp testrail-fpm-204553690
a8879c5ef941 mysql:5.7.22 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 3306/tcp testrail-mysql-204553690
069954ba6010 registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/web:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 0.0.0.0:32869->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:16066->443/tcp testrail-web-204553539
ed6b17d911a5 registry.gitlab.com/touchbit/image/testrail/fpm:latest "docker-php-entrypoi…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 9000/tcp testrail-fpm-204553539
1a1eed057ea0 mysql:5.7.22 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 3306/tcp testrail-mysql-204553539I tutuki pai nga mahi katoa
Kei roto i nga mahi toi he raarangi ratonga me nga raarangi whakamatautau
He ahua ataahua nga mea katoa, engari he ahua ano. Ka taea te whakakore i te paipa i te wa e whakahaere ana nga whakamatautau whakaurunga, penei ka kore e mutu nga ipu rere. Mai i etahi wa me horoi e koe te kaihoroi. Engari, ko te mahi hei whakapai ake i te GitLab CE kei te noho tonu
Engari kua taapirihia e matou te whakarewatanga o tetahi mahi i runga i te waarangi, kaore he tangata e aukati i a maatau ki te whakahaere a-ringa.
Haere ki to maatau kaupapa -> CI / CD -> Whakaritea me te whakahaere i te mahi Clean runner
Te tapeke:
- Kotahi ta matou kaikawe anga.
- Karekau he taupatupatu i waenga i nga mahi me te taiao.
- Ka whakahaerehia e matou nga mahi me nga whakamatautau whakauru i roto i te whakarara.
- Ka taea e koe te whakahaere i nga whakamatautau whakauru i te rohe, i roto ranei i te ipu.
- Ko nga raarangi ratonga me nga raarangi whakamatautau ka kohia ka piri ki te mahi paipa.
- Ka taea te horoi i te kaikawe mai i nga whakaahua Docker tawhito.
Ko te wa tatūnga he ~2 haora.
Ko te katoa, mau. Ka koa ahau ki te whiwhi urupare.
Source: will.com