Ahakoa kāore e taea e ngā otinga PaaS (Platform as a Service) anake te whakarerekē i te huarahi e mahi tahi ai ngā tāngata takitahi me ngā tīma, he maha ngā wā ka noho hei whakakorikori mō ngā huringa whakahaere hei whakautu ki te pikinga ake o te ngāwari o ngā hangarau IT.
Ko te mea pono, ko te whakanui ake i te hokinga mai o te haumitanga ki te PaaS ka taea anake me ngā huringa o ngā tūranga whakahaere, ngā kawenga (ngā mahi), me ngā hanganga whanaungatanga. He waimarie, he nui te ngāwari o ngā otinga PaaS pēnei i te OpenShift Container Platform hei tuku i ia whakahaere IT ki te whakatau takitahi i te tere me te whānuitanga o te huringa e pā ana ki te hunga e whai wāhi ana me ngā tukanga.
I te wāhanga tuatahi o te whakapūmautanga o ngā ipu hinonga, ko te kaupapa matua ko te whakatinana i te tūāpapa ipu hei pūnaha whakatinanatanga tono hou. I tēnei wā, ka honoa e ngā whakahaere ngā mahi kua mōhiotia ki ngā tūranga kua mōhiotia hei whakautu i ngā tono a te tīma whakawhanake paerewa mō ngā take pēnei i ngā pūnaha rokiroki, ngā taiao whakatinanatanga, me ērā atu mea. I ngā wāhanga o muri mai o te whakapūmautanga, ka neke te arotahi ki te aunoatanga, ki te whakarato rānei i ngā āheinga ratonga-whaiaro a ngā kaiwhakawhanake hei whakaiti i te kawenga mahi a ngā kaiwhakahaere pūnaha me te whakarei ake i te mana motuhake me te urupare a ngā kaiwhakawhanake. Koinei te huarahi ka tīmata ai ngā whakahaere ki te neke ki DevOps. I te wāhanga whakamutunga o te whakapūmautanga o ngā hinonga, ka tae atu rātou ki tētahi tauira DevOps parakore, he whānui ake, kei reira te nuinga o ngā mahi me ngā mahi o mua ka whakawhitia ki ngā tīma mahi-maha, kāore i te whakarōpūhia e te tūāpapa, e te hangarau rānei, engari e ngā hiahia motuhake o ngā tono, o ngā ratonga tono rānei.
I roto i tēnei pou, ka whakaratohia e mātou he aratohu mō te whakatinana i ngā huringa whakahaere e tika ana, me te matapaki hoki i te hurihanga o ngā tūranga hangarau mōhiohio tuku iho me te whakaurunga o ngā hangarau ipu ki roto i te hinonga.
Te hono i ngā mahi hou ki ngā tūranga tawhito
I tōna āhua taketake, tuatahi, kua hangaia te tauira whakahaere PaaS kia ngāwari ake, kia tere ake hoki te tohatoha rauemi IT ki ngā tono hei taiao wā-oma. Ahakoa he painga tēnei mō ngā kaiwhakahaere pūnaha, kāore ngā kaiwhakawhanake e whiwhi i ngā painga nui, i ngā āheinga hou rānei, i tēnei wā, ka taea e te hinonga te mahi ngāwari me te kore aunoa, te mahi-whaiaro, te whakapai ake rānei i te paipa whakatinanatanga. Ahakoa he iti noa te pānga ki ngā tukanga whanaketanga i tēnei wā, ka whakanui ake a PaaS i te tere o te pūnaha IT, ka taea ai e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakatutuki pai ake i ngā tono a ngā kaiwhakawhanake. Hei tauira, i te wā i hangaia ai he taiao whanaketanga mai i ētahi mihini mariko Ahakoa e roa pea ngā rā, ngā wiki rānei ki te waihanga me te whakatinana i ngā rahinga rokiroki, me te whai wāhi mai o ētahi kaiwhakahaere rerekē, i roto i te PaaS ka tere ake te mahi i ngā mea katoa, ā, mā te kaiwhakahaere kotahi anake. Arā, ka tukuna ngā tono e ngā tīma whakawhanake pērā i mua, engari ko te mahi hei whakatinana i aua mea ka mahia inaianei i runga i tētahi tauira hou.
Te anga atu ki tētahi Whakahaere DevOps
Mā te whakarewa i tētahi PaaS me te heke i ngā tohunga whakahaere hangarau mōhiohio me ngā kaiwhakawhanake taupānga ki reira, ka taea e tētahi whakahaere te whakamahi tonu i te tikanga DevOps, e whai ake nei ngā mātāpono matua:
- Wehea te mahi ki ngā mahi iti akekia tere te whiwhi urupare, kia whakaitihia ngā mōrearea, kia kore ai hoki e taea te tātari;
- Aunoatia ngā mahi ki te taumata e ranea ana, kia kore ai e waihanga arai, e whakaroa rānei i te tukanga whakatinanatanga o te taupānga;
- Te tiritiri mātauranga – te kī ki te hanga whakawhirinakitanga;
- Utua ngā nama hangarau i ia wā, te whakarite i tētahi wā motuhake i roto i ia huringa mahi mō ngā whakapainga pūnaha.
I te wāhanga tuarua o te whakamahi i te hangarau ipu, ka tīmata ngā rōpū whakawhanake ki te kite i ngā whai wāhitanga hei whakapai ake, ā, ka neke te hinonga ki tētahi tauira DevOps tuku iho. Ko te tikanga tuku iho o te tuku me te whakatutuki i ngā tono ratonga kua kitea inaianei he aukati, nō reira ka whai te whakahaere ki te whakahaere aunoa i ngā mahi auau me te whakarato i ngā kaiwhakawhanake ki ngā āheinga ratonga-whaiaro. Ko ēnei āheinga kaiwhakawhanake i roto i tētahi tono kua whakaritea ka whakatauhia mā roto i ngā mahi tahi a ngā tohunga hangarau mōhiohio whakahaere tūāpapa me te hunga e kawenga ana mō te tuku tono. Arā, ko ngā kaiwhakahaere pūnaha, e mahi ana i runga i ngā tono a ngā kaiwhakawhanake, ka whakakapia e ngā kāwai kaimahi e rua kua whakahuatia ake nei, ko rātou te kawenga mō te tautuhi me te whakatinana i ngā kaupapa here e whakahaere ana i ngā mea e whakaaetia ana e ngā kaiwhakawhanake ki te mahi i a rātou anō. Ka āwhina ngā tikanga aunoa ki te whakarite kia tutukihia ēnei whakaritenga me te whakarite i ngā mahi ina nui ake ngā āhuatanga i ngā kaupapa here o nāianei.
Ko te whakawhiti ki tētahi kaupapa auau, e pāngia ai te taiao IT me te tauira whakahaere e ngā huringa auau i roto i te wā, he tohu nui tēnei i roto i te whakatūnga o tētahi pūnaha DevOps pakari i roto i tētahi hinonga. Ko te nui o te whakamahinga o te tikanga DevOps e whakawhirinaki ana ki te manawanui o ia whakahaere ki ngā huringa me ngā huringa motuhake e hua ake ai te painga nui. Hei tauira, ki te kore e puta pinepine te hiahia ki te waihanga taiao hou, ki ngā tono hou rānei, kāti ko te arotau i ēnei mahi ka iti ake te hiranga i te whakapakari i te mana whakahaere a ngā kaiwhakawhanake i runga i te huringa ora o te tono.
Ngā wero hou e pā ana ki ngā whakahaere hangarau mōhiohio i a rātou e neke ana ki OpenShift
I tēnei wāhanga, ka tūhuratia e mātou ngā tūranga me ngā mahi e whakamahia ana e ngā whakahaere kua heke ki OpenShift hei whakateretere i te aunoatanga me te ratonga-whaiaro mā te whakamahi i ngā hangarau me te PaaS.
Kei te ripanga i raro nei ngā mahi matua taumata-tiketike e wātea ana i roto i tētahi whakahaere kua whakatinana i te OpenShift, me ngā tauira o ngā mahi me ngā pūkenga e pā ana. Kaua tēnei rārangi mahi e pohehe ki tētahi hanganga wehewehe mahi, ki tētahi hanganga whakahaere tīma rānei; he huinga mahi noa iho me aro atu e te hunga e whai kawenga ana ki te tautoko i te taiao IT kia angitu ai te whakatinanatanga o te tūāpapa ipu. Inaa, ka whakaaturia e mātou i muri mai ko te whakatinanatanga o ngā hangarau ipu ka waihanga i ngā whakaritenga mō tētahi rautaki DevOps pakari ake i roto i tētahi hinonga, ka whakanui ake i te taumata o te mahi whakawhiti i roto i ngā tīma, ā, ka whakaiti i te mōrearea o te tohungatanga whaiti i ngā taumata takitahi me te tīma.
Ripanga 1. Ngā whakamāramatanga mahi OpenShift
mahi
Ngā pūkenga e hiahiatia ana
Te aunoatanga me te whakarato i ngā hanganga hangarau mōhiohio
Mahi:
- Te hoahoa me te hanganga o ngā otinga taputapu
- Te whakaritenga me te tautoko i te aunoatanga o te whakatūnga tuatahi
- Te hoahoa me te aunoatanga o te whakarato VM me te manaaki
- Te hoahoa me te whakatinanatanga o ngā pokapū raraunga
- Whakahaere Pūnaha Linux
- Ngā āhuatanga aunoatanga
- Te mōhiotanga ki ngā pūnaha rokiroki
- Te mōhiotanga ki te hoahoa me te whakatinanatanga o te whatunga
- Haumarutanga
Te Tāuta me te Whakahaere i te Pūhara OpenShift
Mahi:
- Te mahi i te tāutanga taupū
- Te whakahaere ratonga hanganga
- Whakahaere Tauine Pūhara
- Motuhēhēnga me te whakamanatanga taumata-pūhara
- Whakahaere Pūnaha Linux
- Te mōhiotanga ki ngā hangarau whatunga
- Ngā Hōtuhi Aunoatanga (Ansible)
- Te mōhiotanga ki ngā pūnaha rokiroki
- Te mōhiotanga ki ngā hangarau me ngā hoahoa ipu
- Te mōhiotanga ki ngā hoahoanga Kubernetes me OpenShift
- Haumarutanga papaaho
- Te aroturuki i te whakaurunga
Te whakahaere i te whakarato kairihi me te wehewehe i te kaha hangarau mōhiohio
Mahi:
- Te waihanga i ngā kaiwhakamahi me ngā tīma i roto i te tūāpapa
- Te hoahoa me te whakahaere i ngā kuota
- Te Hoahoa me te Whakatinanatanga o te RBAC
- Te mōhiotanga ki ngā hoahoanga Kubernetes me OpenShift
- Te mōhiotanga ki ngā hangarau me ngā hoahoa ipu
- Ngā āhuatanga aunoatanga
- He mōhiotanga pai ki ngā kaupapa, ngā toha, ngā mahi whakarite, me te mahi tahi me ngā kaiwhakarite wā
Te Hanga me te Whakahaere i ngā Whakaahua Pūtake
Mahi:
- Te whakawhanake i tētahi tukanga mahi mō te whakarerekē i ngā whakaahua
- Te whakawhanake i ngā whakaahua e hangai ana ki ngā paerewa
- Whakahaere Pūnaha Linux
- Ngā āhuatanga aunoatanga
- Te whirihora i ngā wāhanga tono wā-oma me te pūmanawa waenga
- Te mōhiotanga ki ngā hanganga ipu
- Ngā anga hanga tono
- He mōhiotanga pai ki ngā whakaahua, ngā awa whakaahua me ngā tauira
Te Hoahoa me te Whakahaere i ngā Paipa Whakatakotoranga
Mahi:
- Te hoahoa me te tuhi i ngā paerewa kawe
- Te whakawhanake i ngā aratohu tere me ngā tauira
- Whakangungu kaiwhakawhanake
- Whakahaere waehere pūtake
- Te hoahoa me te whakatinanatanga o ngā tono
- Ngā āhuatanga aunoatanga
- Whakamātautau aunoa
- Whakamātautau kounga waehere
- Te mōhiotanga ki ngā hanganga ipu
- Te mōhiotanga ki ngā hanganga pumau
- Haumarutanga – te whakahaere i te urunga atu ki ngā wāhanga paipa, te whakaae i ngā rerengamahi, me ētahi atu.
- He mōhiotanga pai ki ngā tauira OpenShift, ngā wāhanga, ngā whirihoranga hanga, ngā whirihoranga whakatinanatanga, ngā ratonga, ngā huarahi, ngā mahere whirihora
Te whakawhanaketanga tono me te whakamātautau
Mahi:
- Te waehere tono
- Te whakawhanaketanga o ngā whakamātautau aunoa
- Te urupare ki ngā hapa whakamātautau i te wā o te whakatinanatanga
- Te whakautu ki ngā hapa o te tono
- Whakamātautau whakaae kaiwhakamahi
- Te hoahoa me te whakatinanatanga o ngā tono
- Whakamātautau aunoa
- Whakahaere waehere pūtake
- Aroturuki Taupānga
- Te mōhiotanga ki ngā hoahoanga tono kapua taketake
Te aroturukitanga mahi me te whakahaere tono
Mahi:
- Te hoahoa i ngā tono i roto i te horopaki o te mahi
- Te aroturuki i ngā tono i te wā e whakahaerehia ana
- Te tauine tono (te tauine aunoa rānei)
- Te whakahaere i te wātea o ngā tono
- Tonoa ngā toha me ngā herenga whakahaere rauemi
- Te whakamātautau mahi me te kaha hangarau mōhiohio
- Te Hoahoa me te Whakatinana i te Mahi Taupānga
- Aroturuki mahi tono
- Te whakamātautau mahi me te kawenga
Whakamātautau whakaae kaiwhakamahi
Mahi:
- Whakamātautau UI (hoahoa me te taunekeneke kaiwhakamahi)
- Te whakawhanaketanga o ngā whakamātautau aunoa
- Te hoahoa me te whakamātautau i ngā atanga kaiwhakamahi
- Ngā tauira whakamātautau aunoa
- Anga Whakamatau
- Ngā tauira hoahoa tono
Ngā tūranga hou e puta ake ana i roto i tētahi whakahaere hangarau mōhiohio ina heke ki OpenShift
I a tātou e neke ana ki te tauira whakahaere e aro ana ki te DevOps, ka heke te maha o ngā mahi motuhake, engari ka piki ake te maha o ngā tīma mahi-maha me ngā mahi hei whakanui ake i te mahi tahi. Koinei te āhua o ngā mahi matua i roto i tētahi whakahaere hangarau mōhiohio e whakamahi ana i te OpenShift:
- Kaihanga Whakahaere Taupānga, Kaihanga Pono Pae RĀNEI. I mua, ko te ingoa o tēnei tūranga ko "Kaiwhakahaere Tūmau Taupānga".
- Kaiwhakawhanake taupānga/kaiwhakawhanake pūmanawa/kaihanga pūmanawa.
- Kaiwhakahaere Pūhara Taupānga/Rōpū. I mua, i huaina pea tēnei tūranga ko "Kaiwhakahaere Pūnaha" ko "Kaiwhakahaere" rānei Linux-ngā papaaho".
- Kaiwhakahaere Tukunga/Kaiwhakahaere Hanga.
Te Mahere Tūranga me te Mahi a te RACI
Hei whakamutunga, ka neke atu tātou ki te whakatairite i ngā tūranga me ngā mahi i kōrerotia i runga ake nei hei whakarato i tētahi whakaaro whānui mō te hanganga o tētahi whakahaere e whakamahi ana i te DevOps i runga i te tūāpapa OpenShift. I te tīmatanga, ka taea te mahi i ngā tūranga kua whakaahuatia i raro nei e ngā peka rerekē o te hanganga whakahaere tawhito, tuku iho. Heoi, i roto i te wā, ka puta te whakakotahitanga, ā, ka puta mai he tīma tono hou e kapi ana i te nuinga, i te katoa rānei o ngā mahi kua whakaahuatia i raro nei.
mahi
Ngā Rohe
Kaiwhakahaere Mahi Taupānga / Kaiwhakahaere Pono o te Pae
Kaiwhakawhanake Taupānga/Kaiwhakawhanake Pūmanawa/Kaiwhakahaere Pūmanawa
Kaiwhakahaere Pūhara Taupū/Taupānga
Kaiwhakahaere Tukunga Pūmanawa / Kaihanga Huinga
Te aunoatanga me te whakarato i ngā hanganga hangarau mōhiohio
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Te Tāuta me te Whakahaere i te Pūhara OpenShift
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Te Hoahoa me te Whakahaere i ngā Paipa Whakatakotoranga
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Te whakahaere i te whakarato kairihi, te wehe, me te kaha hangarau mōhiohio
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Te Hanga me te Whakahaere i ngā Whakaahua Pūtake
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Te whakawhanaketanga tono me te whakamātautau
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Te aroturukitanga mahi me te whakahaere tono
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Whakamātautau whakaae kaiwhakamahi
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Ngā tohu matihiko RACI
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- He kawenga – Ko te kaiwhakaari te tangata e mahi ana i ngā mea e tika ana hei whakaoti i te mahi.
- Ka taea te tuku – Ko te tangata whai kawenga he kaimahi e tino kawenga ana mō te whakaoti tika me te tino o tētahi mahi, mō te whakatutukitanga rānei o tētahi hua; ā, ko ia anake hoki te tangata ka taea te tuku mahi ki ētahi atu.
- I whakahuatia – Ko ngā kaitohutohu he tohunga kaupapa e rapua ana ā rātou tohutohu; ka mau tonu te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ki a rātou.
- Nga korero – Kua whai mōhiotanga – ko te hunga e whai mōhiotanga ana ki ngā kaupapa (i ētahi wā i muri i te otinga o tētahi mahi, i te whakatutukitanga rānei o tētahi hua); ka whiwhi mōhiohio rātou takitahi.
Te mahi tahi a ngā tīma i roto i tētahi whakahaere DevOps
Ko te tukanga kohikohi rauemi tuku iho he huringa tono rauemi, ā, ka whakatutukihia e ngā tīma maha. Hei whakamutunga, ka tohaina, ka whakaūtia hoki ngā rauemi katoa e hiahiatia ana e te kaitono. He maha ngā wā ka mahi ā-ringa ēnei tukanga, ā-wāhanga, ā-katoa rānei, e hiahia ana kia maha, kia maha hoki ngā taunekeneke i waenga i ngā tīma kia angitu ai te tukatuka i ia tono.
Pikitia 1. Te whakahaere hangarau tuku iho
E whakaatu ana te hoahoa i runga ake nei i te whanaungatanga ā-rōpū noa i roto i tētahi whakahaere hangarau mōhiohio tuku iho. I roto i tēnei tauira, ka tono mahi ngā tīma mai i ētahi atu tīma mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whaimana, pērā i te pūnaha tikiti, i te īmēra rānei. Kātahi ka noho ēnei tono ki roto i tētahi rarangi, e tatari ana mō tō rātou wā, ā, he maha ngā wā ka heke te whanaungatanga i waenga i ngā tīma nā tēnei tatari roa. Ka nui ake te kino o tēnei taumahatanga nā te mea he onge te tūtaki kanohi ki te kanohi o ngā mema o te tīma, ā, he iti noa iho ngā kōrero e whakapuakina ana.
Pikitia 2. Te whakahaere hangarau DevOps
E whakaatu ana tēnei hoahoa i te mahi tahi i roto i tētahi whakahaere DevOps. I konei, kua whakarērea e ngā tīma o mua ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero kore whai hua i whakatipu i ngā tūāpapa, ā, kua whakakapia ki ngā hoapā whaiaro, ka waihanga i ngā hongere taunekeneke tonu i waenga i ngā tīma. Ka whakatairangahia e ēnei hongere he huinga pūkenga ranu e āwhina ana i ngā kaimahi kia mārama ake, kia whakaatu hoki i ngā hiahia, ngā wero, me ngā āheinga o ngā tīma e tohu ana rātou. Ka whakamanahia e ngā tīma tetahi i tetahi ki te whakaoti i ngā mahi e tika ana mā roto i ngā tomokanga ratonga-whaiaro aunoa, kaua ki te tukatuka ā-ringa i ngā tono huringa a tetahi ki tetahi pērā i mua. Ā, nā ēnei hongere whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ka taea e ēnei pūnaha ratonga-whaiaro te urutau tere ki ngā hiahia o ngā tīma e mahi ana rātou. Hei whakarei ake i te māramatanga tahi me te tiritiri mātauranga i roto i te whakahaere, ka hurihia e ngā mema o te tīma ngā tūranga i ia wā kia whiwhi wheako ki te taunekeneke me ngā tīma rerekē, kia mārama ake ai hoki ki ngā pūnaha IT whānui e pupurihia ana e rātou, kia piki ake ai ō rātou mahi whakawhiti me te uara.
Hei whakariterite
I roto i tēnei pou, i matapakihia e mātou te huarahi e taea ai e te whakatinanatanga o ngā otinga PaaS te whakatenatena i tētahi whakahaere ki te whakamahi i tētahi tikanga DevOps, me ngā tūranga me ngā mahi tuku iho e whakarerekētia ana hei wāhanga o tēnei tukanga. Nō reira, i whakarārangihia e mātou ngā mahi IT matua e puta ake ana i roto i tētahi whakahaere me te whakawhiti ki OpenShift, me ngā pūkenga e hiahiatia ana hei whakatutuki i aua mahi. I whakaratohia hoki e mātou he huinga matua o ngā tūranga whakahaere e puta ake ana i te wā e hanga ana i ngā tīma DevOps whakawhiti-mahi me tētahi matrix RACI e hono ana i ngā tūranga hou ki ngā mahi hou. Hei whakamutunga, i matapakihia e mātou te huarahi e taea ai e te tūāpapa OpenShift me te tikanga DevOps e pā ana te whakarerekē i te hanganga whakahaere o tētahi whakahaere i a ia e whakawhiti ana mai i ngā hierarchies tuku iho me ngā pūnaha tikiti ki ngā tīma whakawhiti-mahi me te taumata teitei ake o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whaiaro.
Source: will.com
