Mikhail Salosin (e kiia nei i muri nei ko MS): Kia ora tātou! Ko Mikhail tōku ingoa. He kaiwhakawhanake pūmanawa rorohiko ahau i MC2 Software, ā, ka kōrero ahau mō te whakamahi i a Go i te pūmanawa rorohiko o te taupānga pūkoro Smotri+.
He pai ki tētahi i konei te hōkī?
Nā, koinei te taupānga māu. Kei te wātea mō te Android me te iOS, ā, ka taea e koe te mātaki i ngā pāhotanga ora me ngā pāhotanga kua hopukina o ngā huihuinga hākinakina. Kei roto hoki i te taupānga ngā tatauranga maha, ngā whāngai tuhinga ora, ngā tūnga o ngā huihuinga me ngā whakataetae, me ētahi atu mōhiohio whai hua mō ngā pā.
Kei roto hoki i te taupānga ngā ataata whakahirahira, e āhei ai koe ki te mātaki i ngā wā matua o ngā kēmu (ngā whāinga, ngā whawhai, ngā whiunga pōro, me ētahi atu). Ki te kore koe e hiahia ki te mātaki i te pāhotanga katoa, ka taea e koe te mātaki i ngā mea whakahirahira anake.
He aha ngā mea i whakamahia i roto i te whanaketanga?
I tuhia te wāhanga matua ki Go. I tuhia te API i taunekeneke ai ngā kiritaki pūkoro ki Go. I tuhia hoki te ratonga mō te tuku whakamōhiotanga pana ki ngā taputapu pūkoro ki Go. I tuhia anō hoki e mātou tā mātou ake ORM, e kōrerohia pea e mātou i tētahi rā. Ā, i tuhia ētahi ratonga iti ake ki Go: te whakarerekē i te rahi me te tukuake whakaahua mō ngā ētita...
I whakamahia e mātou a PostgreSQL hei pātengi raraunga mā mātou. I tuhia te atanga ētita ki Ruby on Rails mā te whakamahi i te ActiveAdmin gem. I tuhia hoki te kaikawe tatauranga mai i te kaiwhakarato tatauranga ki Ruby.
Mō ngā whakamātautau API pūnaha, i whakamahia e mātou te unittest a Python. Ka whakamahia a Memcached hei whakawhāiti i ngā tono utu API, ka whakamahia a Chef hei whakahaere whirihoranga, ka whakamahia a Zabbix hei kohikohi me te aroturuki i ngā tatauranga ā-roto o te pūnaha, ka whakamahia a Graylog2 hei kohikohi takiuru, ā, ko Slate te tuhinga API mō ngā kiritaki.
Te whiriwhiri i tētahi kawa
Ko te raruraru tuatahi i pā ki a mātou ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi kawa mō te taunekeneke ki muri me ngā kiritaki pūkoro i runga i ngā tohu e whai ake nei…
- Ko te whakaritenga nui rawa atu ko te whakahou i ngā raraunga kiritaki i te wā tonu. Ko te tikanga o tēnei me whiwhi whakahōunga tata tonu te hunga katoa e mātaki ana i te pāhotanga.
- Hei whakamāmā ake, kua whakaarohia e mātou kāore ngā raraunga e tukutahitia ana me ngā kiritaki e mukua, engari e hunaia ana mā te whakamahi i ngā haki motuhake.
- Ka whiwhihia ngā tono onge katoa (pēnei i ngā tatauranga, ngā rārangi ingoa o te tīma, ngā tatauranga tīma) mā roto i ngā tono GET auau.
- Hei tāpiri, me ngāwari te whakahaere e te pūnaha i te 100 kaiwhakamahi i te wā kotahi.
I runga i tēnei, e rua ā mātou kōwhiringa kawa:
- Ngā Pūtake Tukutuku. Engari kāore mātou i hiahia ki ngā hongere mai i te kiritaki ki te tūmau. Ko ngā whakahōutanga anake i hiahiatia e mātou mai i te tūmau ki te kiritaki, nō reira he nui rawa te whakamahi i tētahi pūtake tukutuku.
- He tino pai te hononga o ngā Takahanga Tukuna-Tūmau (SSE)! He tino māmā noa iho, ā, e tutuki ana i a ia ngā mea katoa e hiahiatia ana e mātou.
Ngā Takahanga i Tukuna e te Tūmau
He kupu torutoru mō te mahi a tēnei mea...
Ka mahi mā te hononga HTTP. Ka tukuna he tono e te kiritaki, ka whakautu te tūmau me te Content-Type: text/event-stream, ā, kāore e kati te hononga ki te kiritaki, engari ka haere tonu te tuhi raraunga ki te hononga:
Ka taea te tuku raraunga i roto i tētahi whakatakotoranga kua whakaaetia me ngā kiritaki. I roto i tā mātou take, i tukuna e mātou pēnei: i roto i te āpure takahanga te ingoa o te hanganga kua whakarerekētia (tangata, kaitākaro), ā, i roto i te āpure raraunga te JSON me ngā āpure hou kua whakarerekētia mō te kaitākaro.
Inaianei me pēhea te mahi a te taunekeneke.
- Ko te mea tuatahi ka mahia e te kiritaki ko te whakatau i te wā whakamutunga i tū ai te tukutahitanga me te ratonga: ka tirohia e ia tana pātengi raraunga ā-rohe, ka whakatauhia te rā o te huringa whakamutunga i tuhia ki reira.
- Ka tukuna e ia he tono me tēnei rā.
- Hei whakautu, ka tukuna atu e mātou ki a ia ngā whakahōutanga katoa i puta mai i taua rā.
- Whai muri i tēnei, ka hono atu ki te hongere ora, ā, kāore e kati kia hiahiatia rā anō ēnei whakahōutanga:
Ka tukuna atu e mātou he rārangi o ngā huringa: mēnā ka whiwhi tetahi i tētahi whāinga, ka rerekē te kaute, mēnā rānei ka whara tetahi, ka tukuna atu hoki i te wā tonu. Mā tēnei, ka whiwhi tonu ngā kiritaki i ngā raraunga hou i roto i te whāngai kēmu. I ia wā, hei whakamōhio atu ki te kiritaki kāore te tūmau i mate, kāore hoki he mea i pā ki a ia, ka tukuna atu e mātou he tohu wā i ia 15 hēkona—kia mōhio ai rātou kei te pai ngā mea katoa, ā, kāore e hiahiatia kia hono anō.
Me pēhea te whakahaere i te hononga ora?
- Tuatahi, ka hangaia e mātou he hongere ka whiwhi whakahōutanga me te pūtāhui.
- Ā muri iho, ka ohauru mātou ki tēnei hongere kia whiwhi whakahōutanga.
- Ka whakatakotoria e mātou te taitara tika kia mōhio ai te kiritaki kei te pai ngā mea katoa.
- Ka tukuna e mātou te ping tuatahi. Ka tuhia noa e mātou te tohu wā hononga o nāianei.
- Whai muri i tēnei, ka pānuihia e mātou te hongere i roto i te porowhita tae noa ki te kati o te hongere whakahou. Ka whiwhi te hongere i te tohu wā o nāianei, i ngā huringa rānei, ā, ka tuhia e mātou hei hono i ngā hononga tuwhera.
Ko te raruraru tuatahi i pā mai ki a mātou ko tēnei: mō ia hononga i whakatuwheratia ki tētahi kiritaki, i hangaia e mātou he taima e pāwhiri ana i ia 15 hēkona. Nō reira, mēnā he 6 ngā hononga e tuwhera ana ki tētahi mīhini kotahi (he tūmau API kotahi), ka hangaia he 6 taima. Ko te tikanga tēnei kāore i taea e te mīhini te whakahaere i te kawenga e hiahiatia ana. Kāore i tino kitea te raruraru ki a mātou, engari i whiwhi āwhina mātou, ā, i whakatikahia e mātou.
Nā reira, kua whiwhi tātou i tētahi ping mai i te hongere kotahi e ahu mai ana te whakahōu.
Nō reira, kotahi anake te taima e pao ana i ia 15 hēkona.
He maha ngā mahi āwhina i konei – te tuku i te pane, te ping, me te hanganga tonu. Arā, ko te ingoa o te ripanga (tangata, whakataetae, wā) me ngā mōhiohio mō tēnei rekoata ka tukuna ki konei:
Tikanga mō te tuku whakahōutanga
Nā, he kōrero poto mō te pūtake mai o ngā panonitanga. He maha ā mātou tāngata, ngā ētita, e mātaki ana i te pāhotanga i te wā tonu. Mā rātou e hanga ngā kaupapa katoa: ka panaia tetahi, ka whara tetahi, ka whakakapia tetahi...
Ka rongoatia e te CMS ngā raraunga ki roto i te pātengi raraunga. Kātahi ka whakamahia e te pātengi raraunga te tikanga Whakarongo/Whakamōhio hei whakamōhio atu ki ngā tūmau API. Kātahi ka tukuna atu ēnei mōhiohio e ngā tūmau API ki ngā kiritaki. Nō reira, he torutoru noa iho ā mātou tūmau e hono ana ki te pātengi raraunga, ā, kāore he kawenga nui ki te pātengi raraunga nā te mea kāore te kiritaki e taunekeneke tika ana ki te pātengi raraunga.
PostgreSQL: Whakarongo/Whakamōhio
Mā te tikanga Whakarongo/Whakamōhio i roto i te PostgreSQL ka taea e koe te whakamōhio atu ki ngā kaiohauru kaupapa ina kua rerekē tētahi kaupapa—kua hangaia he rekoata pātengi raraunga. Hei mahi i tēnei, i tuhia e mātou he whakaoho me te mahi māmā:
Ina whakauru, ina whakarerekē rānei i tētahi pūkete, ka karangahia e mātou te mahi whakamōhio i runga i te hongere data_updates, ka tukuna atu te ingoa ripanga me te ID o te pūkete i whakarerekētia, i whakaurua rānei.
Mō ngā ripanga katoa e hiahia ana kia tukutahitia ki te kiritaki, ka tautuhia e mātou he whakaoho, ā, i muri i te whakarerekētanga/whakahōutanga o tētahi rekoata, ka karanga i te mahi kua tohua i te kiriata i raro nei.
Me pēhea te ohauru o te API ki ēnei huringa?
Ka hangaia he tikanga Fanout—ka tukuna ngā karere ki ngā kiritaki. Ka kohia e ia ngā hongere kiritaki katoa, ā, ka tukuna ngā whakahōutanga ka riro mai mā ēnei hongere:
Anei te whare pukapuka pq paerewa, e hono ana ki te pātengi raraunga, ā, e tohu ana kei te hiahia ia ki te whakarongo ki te hongere (data_updates), ā, e tirotiro ana kei te tuwhera te hononga, ā, kei te pai ngā mea katoa. Kei te tangohia te tirotiro hapa hei penapena wāhi (he morearea te kore tirotiro).
Muri iho, ka whakatūhia e mātou he Ticker ā-kore e tuku ana i te ping i ia 15 hēkona, ā, ka tīmata te whakarongo ki te hongere e ohauru ana mātou. Mēnā ka whiwhi mātou i te ping, ka whakaputaina e mātou. Mēnā ka whiwhi mātou i tētahi rekoata, ka whakaputaina e mātou ki ngā kaiohauru katoa o tēnei Fanout.
Me pēhea te mahi a te Fan-out?
I te reo Rūhia, ko te tikanga o tēnei he "wehewehe". He mea kotahi tā mātou e rēhita ana i ngā kaiohauru e hiahia ana ki te whiwhi i ētahi whakahōutanga. Ā, ina tae mai he whakahōutanga ki tēnei mea, ka tohatohahia ki ōna kaiohauru katoa. He tino māmā noa iho:
Te whakatinanatanga i roto i a Go:
He hanganga kei roto e tukutahi ana mā te whakamahi i ngā Mutex. He āpure kei roto e penapena ana i te hononga a Fanout ki te pātengi raraunga—arā, kei te whakarongo mai i nāianei, ā, ka whiwhi whakahōutanga—me te rārangi o ngā hongere katoa e wātea ana—he mahere ko te hongere te kī, me te hanganga kei roto ngā uara (kāore i te whakamahia).
E rua ngā tikanga—Hononga me te Momotu—ka taea ai e tātou te kī atu ki a Fanout kei a tātou he hononga ki te pātengi raraunga, kua whakatūria, ā, kua ngaro te hononga ki te pātengi raraunga. I te tuarua o ngā take, me momotu e tātou ngā kiritaki katoa me te whakamōhio atu kāore e taea e rātou te whakarongo ki tetahi mea, ā, me hono anō rātou nā te mea kua ngaro te hononga ki a rātou.
Tērā anō tētahi tikanga Ohauru e tāpiri ana i tētahi hongere ki ngā "kaiwhakarongo":
Tērā te tikanga Whakakore Ohaurunga, e tango ana i te hongere mai i ngā rārangi whakarongo mēnā ka momotu te kiritaki, me te tikanga Whakaputa, e āhei ai koe ki te tuku karere ki ngā kaiohauru katoa.
Pātai: – He aha ngā mea e tukuna ana mā tēnei hongere?
MS: – Ka tukuna te tauira kua rerekē, te ping rānei (he tau noa iho, he tauoti).
MS: – Ka taea e koe te tuku, te whakaputa rānei i tetahi mea, i tetahi hanganga rānei – ka huri noa hei JSON, koia anake.
MS: Ka whiwhi mātou i tētahi whakamōhiotanga mai i PostgreSQL—kei roto ko te ingoa ripanga me te tohu. Mā te whakamahi i te ingoa ripanga me te tohu, ka tikina e mātou te tuhinga e hiahiatia ana e mātou, kātahi ka tukuna atu tēnei hanganga mō te whakaputanga.
Te Hangahanga
He aha te āhua o tēnei mai i te tirohanga hanganga? E whitu ā mātou tūmau taputapu: kotahi e whakatapua katoatia ana ki te pātengi raraunga, ā, e ono e whakahaere ana i ngā mīhini mariko. E ono ngā tauira API: ko ia mīhini mariko e whakahaere ana i te API ka rere i runga i tētahi tūmau taputapu motuhake kia pono ai.
E rua ā mātou pito mua e whakahaere ana i a Keepalived mō te urunga atu, nō reira ka taea e tētahi pito mua te whakakapi i tētahi atu mēnā e tika ana. E rua hoki ā mātou kape o te CMS.
Kei reira anō hoki tētahi taputapu kawemai tatauranga. Kei reira tētahi DB Slave, e tārua ana i ngā raraunga i ia wā. Kei reira a Pigeon Pusher, te taupānga e tuku ana i ngā whakamōhiotanga pana ki ngā kiritaki, me ngā wāhanga hanganga: Zabbix, Graylog2, me Chef.
Ko te mea pono, he koretake tēnei hanganga, nā te mea ka taea te whakarato ratonga ki ngā kaiwhakamahi 100 me te iti ake o ngā tūmau. Engari i a mātou ngā taputapu—i whakamahia e mātou (i kīia mai ki a mātou he taea—nō reira he aha ai?).
Ngā Painga o te Haere
I muri i te mahi i tēnei taupānga, ka kitea ngā painga o Go e whai ake nei.
- He whare pukapuka HTTP tino pai. Mā tēnei ka taea e koe te waihanga i te tini mea mai i te pouaka.
- Hei tāpiri, nā ngā hongere i ngāwari ai tā mātou whakatinana i tētahi tikanga mō te tuku whakamōhiotanga ki ngā kiritaki.
- He āhuatanga whakamiharo te Race Detector i āhei ai mātou ki te whakakore i ētahi hapa nui (hanganga whakaaturanga). Ko ngā mea katoa e rere ana i runga i te whakaaturanga kei te rere me te whakahiato mā te kī Race; nō reira, ka taea e mātou te whakamahi i te hanganga whakaaturanga hei tiro i ngā raruraru pea ka pā mai ki a mātou.
- Te iti o te reo me te ngāwari o te whakamahi.
Kei te rapu mātou i ngā kaiwhakawhanake! Ki te hiahia tetahi, tēnā uru mai ki a mātou.
Au uiui
Pātai a te Hunga Whakarongo (e kiia nei i muri nei ko "Pātai a te Hunga Whakarongo"): Ki taku whakaaro kua ngaro i a koe tētahi kōrero nui mō te Fan-out. He tika taku mārama, ina tukuna e koe he whakautu ki tētahi kiritaki, ka āraia e koe rātou mēnā kāore rātou e hiahia ki te pānui?
MS: "Kāo, kāore mātou e aukatia. Tuatahi, kei muri i a Nginx ngā mea katoa, nō reira kāore he raruraru ki ngā kiritaki puhoi. Tuarua, he hongere kei te kiritaki me te arai—ka taea e mātou te penapena tae atu ki te kotahi rau whakahōutanga ki reira... Ki te kore e taea e mātou te tuhi ki te hongere, ka mukua. Ki te kite mātou kua aukatia te hongere, ka kati noa mātou i te hongere, ā, koinā—ka hono anō te kiritaki mēnā ka puta he raruraru. Nō reira, i roto i te kaupapa, kāore he aukati i konei."
V: – Kāore i taea te tuku tonu i tētahi tuhinga ki Listen/Notify, kaua ki tētahi ripanga tohu?
MS: – Ko te rohenga o Listen/Notify he 8 paita mō ia utaina-mua ka tukuna. I roto i te kaupapa, ka taea te tuku mena he iti noa ngā raraunga e whakahaerehia ana e tātou, engari ki taku whakaaro he pono ake tēnei. Kei roto i te PostgreSQL tonu ngā herenga.
V: – Ka whiwhi ngā kiritaki i ngā whakahōutanga mō ngā whakataetae kāore e hiahiatia ana e rātou?
MS: – Ae, i te nuinga o te wā. I te nuinga o te wā, e rua, e toru rānei ngā whakataetae e rere ana i te wā kotahi, ā, ahakoa i taua wā, he tino onge. Mena kei te mātaki tetahi kiritaki i tētahi mea, ko te tikanga kei te mātaki rātou i te whakataetae e takarohia ana i tēnei wā. Kātahi, ka whai pātengi raraunga ā-rohe te kiritaki kei reira ēnei whakahōutanga katoa e rongoa ana, ā, ahakoa kāore he hononga ipurangi, ka taea e te kiritaki te mātaki i ngā whakataetae o mua katoa kua whakahōuhia e rātou. Ko te tikanga, ka tukutahi mātou i tā mātou pātengi raraunga ki te tūmau me te pātengi raraunga ā-rohe a te kiritaki, kia taea ai te mahi tuimotu.
V: – He aha i hangaia ai e koe tō ake ORM?
Alexey (tētahi o ngā kaiwhakawhanake o "Smotri+"): – I taua wā (he tau tēnei ki muri), he iti ake ngā ORM i ērā o nāianei, i te mea he torutoru noa iho. O ngā ORM katoa o nāianei, ko te mea tino kino ki ahau ko te nuinga o rātou e mahi ana i runga i ngā atanga kau. Arā, ko ngā tikanga i roto i ēnei ORM ka rite ki te whakaae i tetahi mea: he hanganga, he tohu ki tetahi hanganga, he tau, tetahi mea kāore e pā ana ki tetahi mea…
Ka whakaputahia e tā mātou ORM ngā hanganga e ahu mai ana i te tauira raraunga tonu. Nō reira, he tūturu ngā tikanga katoa, kāore e whakamahi i te whakaata, me ērā atu. Ka whakaaetia e rātou ngā hanganga, ā, e tumanako ana kia whakamahia ngā hanganga kua whakaratohia.
V: – Tokohia ngā tāngata i whai wāhi mai?
MS: – Tokorua ngā tāngata i uru ki te wāhanga tuatahi. I tīmata mātou i te marama o Hune, ā, i te marama o Ākuhata kua rite te wāhanga matua (te putanga tuatahi). I te marama o Hepetema te tukunga.
V: – I a koe e whakaahua ana i te SSE, kāore koe e whakamahi i te wā whakatā. He aha ai?
MS: "Ki te pono, he kawa HTML5 tonu te SSE: i hangaia te paerewa SSE mō te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ki ngā pūtirotiro, ki taku mōhio. He āhuatanga anō kei roto hei tuku i ngā pūtirotiro ki te hono anō (me ērā atu mea), engari kāore mātou i hiahia ki aua āhuatanga nā te mea he kiritaki ā mātou ka taea te whakatinana i tētahi hononga me te rapu mōhiohio. Kāore mātou i hanga i te SSE, engari he mea rite ki te SSE. Ehara i te kawa tonu."
Kāore he take. Ki taku mōhio, i whakatinanahia e ngā kiritaki te tikanga hononga mai i te tīmatanga. Kāore rawa rātou i aro.
V: – He aha ngā taputapu tāpiri i whakamahia e koe?
MS: – I whakamahia whānuitia e mātou te govet me te golint hei pupuri i te momo kāhua ōrite, tae atu ki te gofmt. Kāore mātou i whakamahi i tētahi atu mea.
V: – I whakamahia e koe te aha hei whakatika i te hapa?
MS: – Ko te nuinga o te wā i mahia ai te patuiro mā roto i ngā whakamātautau. Kāore mātou i whakamahi i tētahi patuiro, i tētahi GOP rānei.
V: – Ka taea e koe te whakahoki i te kiriata kei reira te mahi Whakaputa? He pōhēhē ngā ingoa taurangi reta-kotahi?
MS: "Kāo. He whāiti te whānuitanga o ēnei. Kāore e whakamahia ana i hea atu engari i konei (engari i roto i ngā wāhanga o roto o tēnei akomanga), ā, he tino kiato—e whitu noa ngā rārangi e whakamahia ana."
V: – Kāore tonu i te tino mārama te āhua…
MS: "Kāo, kāo, he waehere tūturu tēnei! Ehara i te mea he momo kāhua. He akomanga tino whai hua, he iti noa iho—e toru noa ngā āpure i roto i te akomanga..."
MS: – I te nuinga o te wā, kāore anō kia rerekē ngā raraunga katoa e honoa ana ki ngā kiritaki (ngā whakataetae ā-wā, ngā kaitākaro). I te nuinga o te wā, mēnā ka whakawhanakehia e mātou tētahi atu hākinakina e hiahia ana kia whakarerekētia ngā whakataetae, ka whakaarohia noa e mātou ngā mea katoa i roto i te putanga kiritaki hou, ā, ka āraia ngā putanga tawhito.
V: – He mōkihi tuatoru kei reira hei whakahaere i te whakawhirinakitanga?
MS: – I whakamahia e mātou te go dep.
V: – I roto i te kaupapa o te pūrongo i kōrerohia tētahi mea mō te ataata, engari kāore i roto i te pūrongo i kōrerohia te ataata.
MS: "Kāo, kāore āku kōrero mō ngā ataata i roto i taku miro. Ko "Watch+" te ingoa—koinā te ingoa o te taupānga."
V: - I mea koe ka rere koe ki ngā kiritaki?
MS: "Kāore mātou i uru ki te tuku ataata roma. Nā Megafon katoa tēnā i whakahaere. Āe, kāore au i kī nā Megafon te taupānga."
MS: – Haere – mō te tuku i ngā raraunga katoa – ngā kaute, ngā huihuinga whakataetae, ngā tatauranga… Ko Haere te pito whakamutunga katoa mō te taupānga. Me mōhio te kiritaki mai i tētahi wāhi ko tēhea hononga hei whakamahi mā te kaitākaro kia taea ai e te kaiwhakamahi te mātaki i te whakataetae. He hononga kei a mātou ki ngā ataata me ngā awa kua oti kē te whakarite.
Ko etahi panui 🙂
Mauruuru koe mo te noho ki a matou. He pai ki a koe a maatau tuhinga? Kei te hiahia koe ki te kite i etahi atu mea whakamere? Tautokohia matou ma te tuku ota me te tuku korero ki o hoa, , he tairitenga ahurei o nga kaitoro taumata-urunga, na matou i hanga mo koe: (e waatea ana me te RAID1 me te RAID10, tae atu ki te 24 matua me te 40GB DDR4).
Dell R730xd 2x iti ake i te pokapū raraunga Equinix Tier IV i Amsterdam? Anei i konei i roto i te Netherlands! Dell R420 - 2x E5-2430 2.2Ghz 6C 128GB DDR3 2x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB - mai i te $99! Pānuihia mo
Source: will.com
