Kua roa matou e whakamahi ana i nga taputapu Huawei . No tata nei matou a, i te taapiri i nga taputapu hou, ka puta te whakaaro ki te tiri i tetahi rarangi arowhai, he kohinga tautuhinga taketake me nga tauira.
He maha nga tohutohu rite i runga i te paetukutuku mo nga kaiwhakamahi o nga taputapu Cisco. Heoi, he iti noa nga tuhinga penei mo Huawei a i etahi wa ka rapu koe mo nga korero i roto i nga tuhinga ka kohia mai i nga tuhinga maha. Ko te tumanako ka whai hua, me haere!
Ka whakaahuahia e te tuhinga nga waahanga e whai ake nei:
Hononga Tuatahi
Te hono ki te whakawhiti ma te atanga papatohu
Ma te taunoa, ka tukuna nga huringa Huawei me te kore whirihora. Ki te kore he konae whirihoranga i roto i te mahara o te whakawhiti, ka timata te kawa ZTP (Zero Touch Provisioning) ina ka ana. Kaore matou e whakaahua taipitopito i tenei tikanga, ka kite noa matou he watea ki te mahi me te maha o nga taputapu, mo te whirihoranga mamao ranei. Tirohanga o ZTP .
Mo te tatūnga tuatahi me te kore whakamahi i te ZTP, ka hiahiatia he hononga papatohu.
Kōwhiringa tūhononga (tino paerewa)
Te tere tuku: 9600
Moka Raraunga (B): 8
Parity bit: Kore
Kati moka (S): 1
Aratau mana rere: Kore
I muri i te hono, ka kite koe i te tono ki te whakatakoto kupuhipa mo te hononga papatohu.
Whakaritea he kupuhipa mo te hononga papatohu
Me whai kupuhipa tuatahi mo te takiuru tuatahi ma te papatohu.
Me whakarite tonu? [Y/N]: y
Whakatakotoria he kupuhipa kia noho haumaru!
Ki te kore, kare e taea e koe te takiuru ma te papatohu.
Me whirihora koa te kupuhipa takiuru (8-16)
Whakauru Kupuhipa:
Whakaū Kupuhipa:
Whakaurua noa he kupuhipa, whakauhia ka oti koe! Ka taea e koe te huri i te kupuhipa me etahi atu tawhā motuhēhēnga i runga i te tauranga papatohu ma te whakamahi i nga whakahau e whai ake nei:
Tauira huringa kupuhipa
tirohanga-pūnaha
[~HUAWEI] papatohu atanga kaiwhakamahi 0
[~HUAWEI-ui-console0] kupuhipa aratau motuhēhēnga
[~HUAWEI-ui-console0] tautuhi kupu huna motuhēhēnga <kupuhipa>
[*HUAWEI-ui-console0] te mahi
Tatūnga tāpae (iStack)
I muri i to urunga ki nga whakahuri, ka taea e koe te whirihora i te taapu. Ka whakamahia e Huawei CE te hangarau iStack ki te whakakotahi i nga huringa maha ki te taputapu arorau kotahi. Ko te topology tāpae he mowhiti, i.e. E taunaki ana kia whakamahia kia 2 nga tauranga mo ia whakawhiti. Ko te maha o nga tauranga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tere korero e hiahiatia ana o nga whakawhiti i roto i te puranga.
He pai ake te whakamahi i nga hononga whakarunga i te wa e whakaemi ana, he nui ake te tere o nga tauranga mo te hono i nga taputapu mutunga. No reira, ka taea e koe te nui ake te bandwidth me te iti ake o nga tauranga. Ano, mo te nuinga o nga tauira he here mo te whakamahi i nga tauranga gigabit mo te taapu. E taunaki ana kia whakamahia nga tauranga 10G iti rawa.
E rua nga whiringa whirihoranga he rereke rereke i te raupapa o nga hikoinga:
-
Te whirihoranga tuatahi o nga whakawhiti me o raatau hononga tinana o muri mai.
-
Tuatahi, te whakauru me te hono i nga huringa ki tetahi ki tetahi, ka whirihora kia mahi i roto i te puranga.
Ko te raupapa o nga mahi mo enei whiringa e whai ake nei:
Nga Mahinga mo nga Kōwhiringa Whakawhiti Whakawhiti e Rua
Whakaarohia te waahanga tuarua (roa ake) mo te whakarite i te puranga. Ki te mahi i tenei, whai i enei mahi:
-
Ka whakamahere matou i nga mahi me te whakaaro ki te wa heke. Ka titohia e matou he raupapa mahi.
-
Ka mahia e matou te whakaurunga me te hononga taura o nga whakawhiti.
-
Ka whirihorahia e matou nga tawhā tāpae taketake mo te whakawhiti matua:
[~HUAWEI] stack
3.1. Ka tautuhia e matou nga tawhā e hiahiatia ana
#
mema tāpae 1 te nama X — kei hea X te ID whakahuri hou i roto i te puranga. Ma te taunoa, ID = 1
a ka taea e koe te waiho i te ID taunoa mo te whakawhiti matua.
#
mema tāpae 1 kaupapa matua 150 - Tauwhāitihia te kaupapa matua. Ko te whakawhiti me te nui rawa
ka tautapahia te kaupapa matua e te whakakā matua tāpae. Uara matua
taunoa: 100.
#
mema tāpae { mema-id | rohe } katoa — tautapa he ID Domain mo te tāpae.
Ma te taunoa, kaore i te tautuhia te ID rohe.
#
Hei tauira:
tirohanga-pūnaha
[~HUAWEI] sysname WhakawhitiA
[Huawei] te mahi
[~WhakawhitiA] putea
[~WhakawhitiA-tāpae] mema tāpae 1 kaupapa matua 150
[WhakawhitiA-tāpae] mema tāpae 1 rohe 10
[WhakawhitiA-tāpae] whakamutu
[WhakawhitiA] te mahi
3.2 Te whirihora i te atanga tauranga tapae (tauira)
[~WhakawhitiA] tauranga tāpae atanga 1/1[WhakawhitiA-Stack-Port1/1] tauranga mema-rōpū atanga 10ge 1/0/1 ki 1/0/4
Whakatupato: Kia oti te whirihoranga,
1.Ka hurihia te atanga (10GE1/0/1-1/0/4) ki te aratau tapae ka whirihorahia me te
tauranga crc-tatauranga ka whakaoho i te tono hapa-iho mena karekau te whirihoranga.
2.Ka haere pea te (ng) atanga Hapa-Raro (crc-tatauranga) na te mea kaore he whirihoranga whakaweto i nga atanga. Haere tonu? [Y/N]: y
[WhakawhitiA-Stack-Port1/1] te mahi
[~WhakawhitiA-Tapae-Tauranga1/1] hoki
I muri mai, me tiaki e koe te whirihoranga me te whakaara ano i te huringa:
whakaora
Whakatupato: Ko te whirihoranga o naianei ka tuhia ki te taputapu. haere tonu? [Y/N]: y
tīmata anō
Whakatupato: Ka whakaara ano te punaha. haere tonu? [Y/N]: y
4. Monokia nga Tauranga Tapapa i runga i te Whakawhiti Matua (Tauira)
[~WhakawhitiA] tauranga tāpae atanga 1/1
[*WhakawhitiA-Tapae-Tauranga1/1] tutakina
[*WhakawhitiA-Tapae-Tauranga1/1] te mahi
5. Ka whirihorahia e matou te whakawhiti tuarua i roto i te puranga ma te whakataurite ki te tuatahi:
tirohanga-pūnaha
[~HUAWEI] sysname WhakawhitiB
[*HUAWEI] te mahi
[~WhakawhitiB] putea
[~WhakawhitiB-tāpae] mema tāpae 1 kaupapa matua 120
[*WhakawhitiB-tāpae] mema tāpae 1 rohe 10
[*WhakawhitiB-tāpae] mema stack 1 renumber 2 inherit-config
Whakatupato: Ko te whirihoranga puranga o te mema ID 1 ka whakawhiwhia ki te mema ID 2
i muri i te tautuhi ano o te taputapu. haere tonu? [Y/N]: y
[*WhakawhitiB-tāpae] whakamutu
[*WhakawhitiB] te mahi
Whakaritea nga tauranga mo te taapu. Kia mahara ahakoa te whakahau "mema stack 1 renumber 2 inherit-config", mema-id i roto i te whirihoranga ka whakamahia me te uara "1" mo te SwitchB.
Ka puta tenei na te mea ka huri te mema-id o te pana i muri i te whakaara ano, a i mua i te mea he mema-id tonu te huringa ki te 1. Ko te "tuku-whirihora" ka hiahiatia noa kia muri i te whakaara ano i te huringa, ka tiakina nga tautuhinga puranga katoa mo te mema 2, ka waiho hei pana, na te mea kua hurihia tana ID mema mai i te uara 1 ki te uara 2.
[~WhakawhitiB] tauranga tāpae atanga 1/1
[*WhakawhitiB-Stack-Port1/1] tauranga mema-rōpū atanga 10ge 1/0/1 ki 1/0/4
Whakatupato: Kia oti te whirihoranga,
1.Ka hurihia te atanga (10GE1/0/1-1/0/4) ki te tāpae
aratau me te whirihora ki te tauranga crc-tatauranga keu whakahau hapa-iho ki te mahi te whirihoranga
karekau.
2. Ka haere pea te atanga ki te Hapa-Ki raro (crc-tatauranga) na te mea kaore he whirihoranga whakaweto i te
taurangi.
haere tonu? [Y/N]: y
[*WhakawhitiB-Stack-Port1/1] te mahi
[~WhakawhitiB-Tapae-Tauranga1/1] hoki
Whakahoutia te WhakawhitiB
whakaora
Whakatupato: Ko te whirihoranga o naianei ka tuhia ki te taputapu. haere tonu? [Y/N]: y
tīmata anō
Whakatupato: Ka whakaara ano te punaha. haere tonu? [Y/N]: y
6. Whakahohehia nga tauranga taapu i runga i te pana matua. He mea nui kia whai wa ki te whakahohe i nga tauranga i mua i te oti o te whakaara ano i te Whakawhiti B, na te mea. ki te whakahurihia e koe i muri mai, ka huri ano te huri B ki te whakaara ano.
[~WhakawhitiA] tauranga tāpae atanga 1/1
[~WhakawhitiA-Tapae-Tauranga1/1] wetekina te kati
[*WhakawhitiA-Tapae-Tauranga1/1] te mahi
[~WhakawhitiA-Tapae-Tauranga1/1] hoki
7. Tirohia te mahi o te puranga me te whakahau "tāpae whakaatu"
He tauira o te putanga whakahau i muri i te whirihoranga tika
tāpae whakaatu
---------------------------
MemberID Tūnga MAC Whakamāramatanga Momo Pūrere Matua
---------------------------
+1 Kaiwhakaako 0004-9f31-d520 150 CE6850-48T4Q-EI
2 Tatari 0004-9f62-1f40 120 CE6850-48T4Q-EI
---------------------------
+ e tohu ana i te taputapu kei reira te atanga whakahaere kua whakahohehia.
8. Tiakina te whirihoranga tāpae me te whakahau “whakaora". Kua oti te tatūnga.
и Ka taea hoki te tiro ki te paetukutuku Huawei.
Tautuhinga uru
I runga ake i mahi maatau ma te hononga papatohu. Inaianei me hono atu tatou ki ta tatou whakawhiti (stack) i runga i te whatunga. Hei mahi i tenei, me whai atanga (kotahi, neke atu ranei) me tetahi wahitau IP. Ko te tikanga, mo te whakawhiti, ka tohua te wahitau ki tetahi atanga i roto i te VLAN whakahaere, ki tetahi tauranga whakahaere motuhake ranei. Engari i konei, ko te tikanga, ka whakawhirinaki katoa ki te topology hononga me te kaupapa mahi o te whakawhiti.
He tauira o te tautuhinga wāhitau mo te atanga VLAN 1:
[~HUAWEI] atanga vlan 1
[~HUAWEI-Vlanif1] wāhitau ip 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
[~HUAWEI-Vlanif1] te mahi
Ka taea e koe te hanga i tetahi Vlan me te tautapa i tetahi ingoa, hei tauira:
[~Whakawhiti] whaa 1
[*Whakawhiti-vlan1] ingoa TEST_VLAN (He mea whiriwhiri te ingoa VLAN)
He iti te hack ora mo te whakaingoa - tuhia nga ingoa o nga hanganga arorau ki nga reta whakapaipai (ACL, Route-map, i etahi wa ko nga ingoa VLAN) kia maamaa ake te kimi i roto i te konae whirihoranga. Ka taea e koe te tango "mau patu" 😉
Na, kei a matou he VLAN, inaianei ka "tuku" ki runga i etahi tauranga. Mo te whiringa i whakaahuahia i roto i te tauira, kaore e tika ana tenei, no te mea. Ko nga tauranga whakawhiti katoa he taunoa i roto i te VLAN 1. Ki te hiahia matou ki te whirihora i tetahi tauranga ki tetahi atu VLAN, ka whakamahia e matou nga whakahau e tika ana:
Tautuhinga tauranga i te aratau uru:
[~Whakawhiti] atanga 25GE 1/0/20
[~Whakawhiti-25GE1/0/20] urunga momo hono tauranga
[~Whakawhiti-25GE1/0/20] tauranga uru vlan 10
[~Whakawhiti-25GE1/0/20] te mahi
Whirihoranga tauranga i te aratau kātua:
[~Whakawhiti] atanga 25GE 1/0/20[~Whakawhiti-25GE1/0/20] tauranga hono-momo kātua
[~Whakawhiti-25GE1/0/20] pouaka tauranga pvid vlan 10 - whakawhāitihia te VLAN taketake (kaore he tohu i roto i nga papa o tenei VLAN i te pane)
[~Whakawhiti-25GE1/0/20] katua tauranga tuku-tuku vlan 1 ki te 20 - tukua VLAN anake kua tohua mai i te 1 ki te 20 (hei tauira)
[~Whakawhiti-25GE1/0/20] te mahi
I whakaarohia e matou nga tautuhinga atanga. Me neke atu ki te whirihoranga SSH.
Ka hoatu noa e matou te huinga whakahau e hiahiatia ana:
Tautapa ingoa ki te whakawhiti
tirohanga-pūnaha
[~HUAWEI] Sysname Tūmau SSH
[*HUAWEI] te mahi
Te whakaputa taviri
[~SSH Server] rsa rohe-matua-rua hanga //Whakahia te kaihautu RSA rohe me nga takirua matua tūmau.
Ko te ingoa matua ko: SSH Server_Host
Ko te awhe o te rahi o nga matua matua ko (512 ~ 2048).
FAKATOKANGA: He wa poto te whakaputanga takirua matua.
Whakauruhia nga moka ki te modulus [taunoa = 2048] : 2048
[*SSH Server] te mahi
Te whakarite i te atanga VTY
[~SSH Server] atanga-kaiwhakamahi vty 0 4
[~SSH Server-ui-vty0-4] aratau motuhēhē aaa
[SSH Server-ui-vty0-4] taumata mana kaiwhakamahi 3
[SSH Server-ui-vty0-4] kawa uru ssh
[*SSH Server-ui-vty0-4] whakamutu
Waihangatia he kaiwhakamahi paetata "client001" ka whakarite i te motuhēhēnga kupuhipa mo taua mea
[Tūmau SSH] keee[Tūmau SSH-aaa] local-user client001 kupuhipa ireversible-cipher
[Tūmau SSH-aaa] kiritaki-kaiwhakamahi rohe001 taumata 3
[Tūmau SSH-aaa] rohe-kaiwhakamahi client001 ratonga-momo ssh
[Tūmau SSH-aaa] whakamutu
[Tūmau SSH] ssh kaiwhakamahi client001 motuhēhēnga-momo kupuhipa
Whakahohehia te ratonga SSH i runga i te whakawhiti
[~SSH Server] Ka taea e te tūmau stelnet[*SSH Server] te mahi
Pa whakamutunga: te whakarite ratonga-tupe mo te kiritaki kaiwhakamahi001
[~SSH Server] ssh kaiwhakamahi client001 ratonga-momo stelnet[*SSH Server] te mahi
Kua oti te tatūnga. Mena i tika nga mea katoa, ka taea e koe te hono atu ki te whakawhiti ma te whatunga rohe me te mahi tonu.
Ko etahi atu korero mo te whakatuu SSH ka kitea i roto i nga tuhinga Huawei - и .
Whirihorahia nga Tautuhinga Pūnaha Matua
I tenei poraka, ka whakaarohia e matou he iti o nga poraka whakahau rereke mo te whirihora i nga ahuatanga tino rongonui.
1. Te whakatakoto i te wa o te punaha me tona tukutahitanga ma te NTP.
Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i nga whakahau e whai ake nei hei whakarite i te wa i te takiwa o te whakawhiti:
rohe waahi karaka { tāpiri | iti }
te wa o te karaka [ take ] HH:MM:SS YYYY-MM-DD
Te tauira o te whakatakoto i te wa o te rohe
rohe waahi karaka MSK tāpiri 03:00:00
te wa o te karaka 10:10:00 2020-10-08
Hei tukutahi i te wa ma te NTP me te tūmau, whakauruhia te whakahau e whai ake nei:
ntp unicast tūmau [ putanga tau | motuhēhē-keyid kī-id | puna-atanga momo-atanga
Tauira whakahau mo te tukutahi wa ma te NTP
ntp unicast-tūmau 88.212.196.95
te mahi
2. Hei mahi me te whakawhiti, i etahi wa ka hiahia koe ki te whirihora i tetahi ara - te ara taunoa, te ara taunoa ranei. Ka whakamahia te whakahau e whai ake nei hei hanga ara:
ip ara-pateko ip-address { mask | mask-roa } { nexthop-address | atanga-momo atanga-tau [nexthop-address] }
He tauira whakahau mo te hanga ara:
tirohanga-pūnaha
ip ara-pateko 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1
te mahi
3. Te whakatakoto i te aratau whakahaere o te kawa Spanning-Tree.
Mo te whakamahinga tika o te whakawhiti hou i roto i te whatunga o naianei, he mea nui kia aro ki te kowhiringa o te aratau whakahaere STP. Ano, he pai ki te whakatu tonu. E kore tatou e mutu i konei mo te wa roa, na te mea. he tino whanui te kaupapa. Me whakaahua noa nga momo mahi o te kawa:
aratau stp { stp | rstp | mstp | vbst } - i roto i tenei whakahau, tohua te aratau e hiahiatia ana e matou. Aratau Taunoa: MSTP. Ko te aratau tūtohutia hoki mo te mahi i runga i nga huringa Huawei. Kei te waatea te hototahi whakamuri me te RSTP.
Hei tauira:
tirohanga-pūnaha
aratau stp mstp
te mahi
4. He tauira mo te whakarite tauranga whakawhiti mo te hono i tetahi taputapu mutunga.
Whakaarohia he tauira mo te whirihora i te tauranga uru ki te tukatuka waka i VLAN10
[SW] atanga 10ge 1/0/3
[SW-10GE1/0/3] urunga momo hono tauranga
[SW-10GE1/0/3] tauranga taunoa vlan 10
[SW-10GE1/0/3] stp edged-port enable
[*SW-10GE1/0/3] whakamutu
Kia tupato ki te whakahaustp edged-port enable" - ka taea e koe te tere ake i te tukanga o te whakawhiti i te tauranga ki te ahua whakamua. Heoi, kaua e whakamahia tenei whakahau ki runga i nga tauranga e hono atu ai etahi atu whakawhiti.
Ano hoki, ko te whakahau "stp bpdu-tātari whakahohe".
5. He tauira mo te whirihora i tetahi Tauranga-Channel i roto i te aratau LACP mo te hono atu ki etahi atu whakawhiti, tūmau ranei.
Hei tauira:
[SW] atanga eth-trunk 1[SW-Eth-Trunk1] tauranga hono-momo kātua
[SW-Eth-Trunk1] katua tauranga tuku-tuku vlan 10
[SW-Eth-Trunk1] aratau lacp-pateko (ka taea ranei e koe te whakamahi lacp-hihiri)
[SW-Eth-Trunk1] whakamutu
[SW] atanga 10ge 1/0/1
[SW-10GE1/0/1] eth-Trunk 1
[SW-10GE1/0/1] whakamutu
[SW] atanga 10ge 1/0/2
[SW-10GE1/0/2] eth-Trunk 1
[*SW-10GE1/0/2] whakamutu
Kaua e wareware ki "te mahi” me etahi atu kei te mahi ano matou me te atanga eth-tranga 1.
Ka taea e koe te tirotiro i te mana o te hono whakahiato me te whakahau "whakaatu eth-tranga".
Kua korerohia e matou nga kaupapa matua mo te whirihora i nga huringa Huawei. Ae ra, ka taea e koe te ruku hohonu ki roto i te kaupapa me te maha o nga waahanga kaore i te whakaahuahia, engari i whakamatau matou ki te whakaatu i nga whakahau matua, tino rongonui mo te tatūnga tuatahi.
Ko te tumanako ka awhina tenei "a-ringa" ki a koe ki te whakarite tere ake i nga huringa.
Ka pai hoki ki te tuhi koe i roto i nga korero nga whakahau e whakaaro ana koe kei te ngaro i roto i te tuhinga, engari ka taea ano e ratou te ngawari te whirihoranga o nga whakawhiti. Ana, ka rite ki o mua, ka koa matou ki te whakautu i o patai.
Source: will.com