Netplan me pehea te whakarite tika

Ko te Ubuntu he punaha whakahaere whakamiharo, kaore au i mahi tahi me te tūmau Ubuntu mo te wa roa, kaore he take ki te whakahou i taku Papamahi mai i te putanga pumau. A kaore i roa i mua ka pa ahau ki te tukunga hou o te tūmau Ubuntu 18.04, karekau au i tino miharo i taku mohio kei muri tonu ahau i nga waa ka kore e taea e au te whakatu i tetahi whatunga na te mea he pai te punaha tawhito mo te whakatuu hononga whatunga na. Ko te whakatika i te /etc/network file /interfaces kua heke ki raro. A he aha i puta hei whakakapi? he mea whakamataku me te titiro tuatahi kaore i te maarama, tutaki ki te "Netplan".

Ko te korero pono, i te tuatahi kaore au i te marama he aha te take me "he aha i hiahiatia ai tenei, na te mea he pai nga mea katoa," engari i muri i etahi mahi iti ka mohio ahau kei a ia ano tona ahua. kia haere tonu tatou he aha te Netplan, he taputapu hou tenei mo nga tautuhinga whatunga i Ubuntu, i te iti rawa "Kaore au i kite i tetahi mea penei i etahi atu tohatoha." He rereketanga nui i waenga i a Netplan ko te whirihoranga kua tuhia ki te reo. TENEI, ae, i rongo tika koe i te YAML, i whakatau nga kaihanga ki te whai i nga waa (a ahakoa te nui o ta ratou whakanui, kei te whakaaro tonu ahau he reo whakamataku). Ko te tino kino o tenei reo ko te tino aro ki nga waahi, me titiro ki te whirihora ma te whakamahi i tetahi tauira.

Ko nga konae whirihoranga kei te taha o te ara /etc/netplan/filename.yaml, i waenganui i ia poraka kia + 2 nga waahi.

1) He penei te ahua o te pane paerewa:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0f0:
      dhcp4:no

Kia titiro tatou ki nga mahi kua mahia e tatou inaianei:

• whatunga: - koinei te timatanga o te poraka whirihoranga.
• Kaihoahoa: networkd - i konei ka tohuhia te kaiwhakahaere whatunga ka whakamahia e matou, ko te Networkd, NetworkManager ranei
• putanga: 2 - i konei, ki taku mohio, ko te putanga YAML.
• ethernets: - e tohu ana tenei poraka ka whirihora e matou te kawa ethernet.
• enps0f0: - tohuhia ko tehea urutau whatunga ka whirihorahia e matou.
• dhcp4:kao - monohia te DHCP v4, mo te 6 v6 dhcp6

2) Me ngana ki te tautapa i nga wahitau IP:

    enp3s0f0:
      dhcp4:no
      macaddress: bb:11:13:ab:ff:32
      addresses: [10.10.10.2/24, 10.10.10.3/24]
      gateway4: 10.10.10.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: 8.8.8.8

I konei ka whakaturia e matou te poppy, ipv4, te kuwaha me te tūmau dns. Kia mahara, ki te hiahia kia neke atu i te kotahi te wahitau IP, katahi ka tuhia e matou kia wehea e nga piko me te waahi whai mana i muri mai.

3) Ka aha mena ka hiahia tatou herea?

  bonds:
    bond0:
      dhcp4: no
      interfaces: [enp3s0f0, enp3s0f1]
      parameters: 
        mode: 802.3ad
        mii-monitor-interval: 1

• here: - he poraka e whakamarama ana ka whirihora e matou te hononga.
• here0: - ingoa atanga noa.
• atanga: - he huinga atanga ka kohia i roto i te here-ring, "penei i te korero i mua ake nei, mena he maha nga tawhā, ka whakaahuahia e matou ki nga taiapa tapawha."
• tawhā: — whakaahuatia te poraka tautuhinga tawhā
• aratau: — whakapūtā te aratau e mahi ai te hononga.
• mii-aroturuki-waatanga: - tautuhia te waahi aroturuki ki te 1 hēkona.

I roto i te poraka kua whakaingoatia te here, ka taea hoki e koe te whirihora i nga tawhā penei i nga wahitau, kuwaha4, ara, aha atu.

Kua taapirihia e matou he taapiri mo ta maatau whatunga, inaianei ko te toenga ko te whakauru wham a ka taea te whakaaro kua oti te whakarite.

vlans: 
    vlan10:
      id: 10
      link: bond0
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [10.10.10.2/24]
      gateway: 10.10.10.1
      routes:
        - to: 10.10.10.2/24
          via: 10.10.10.1
          on-link: true

• vlans: — whakapuaki i te poraka whirihoranga vlan.
• vlan10: — ingoa atanga o te atanga vlan.
• id: — tohu o to tatou vlan.
• hono: — atanga e taea ai te vlan te uru.
• ara: — whakapuaki i te poraka whakaahuatanga ara.
• — ki: — tautuhi i te wahitau/rotoroto e hiahiatia ana te huarahi.
• mā: — whakapūtāhia te kūwaha e āhei ai tā mātou kupengaroto.
• on-link: — e tohu ana matou me rehita nga huarahi ina whakaarahia te hononga.

Kia tupato ki taku whakatakoto waahi; he mea nui tenei ki YAML.

Na i whakaahuahia e matou nga hononga whatunga, i hanga hononga, me te taapiri i nga vlans. Me tono ta tatou whirihora, ka tirohia e te netplan apply te whakahau i to tatou whirihora mo nga hapa ka tono mena ka angitu.

Kua kohia e matou nga poraka o mua o te waehere, koinei te mea i riro ia matou:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0f0:
      dhcp4: no
    ensp3s0f1:
      dhcp4: no
  bonds:
    bond0:
      dhcp4: no
      interfaces: [enp3s0f0, enp3s0f1]
      parameters: 
        mode: 802.3ad
        mii-monitor-interval: 1
  vlan10:
      id: 10
      link: bond0
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [10.10.10.2/24]
      routes:
        - to: 10.10.10.2/24
          via: 10.10.10.1
          on-link: true
  vlan20:
    id: 20
    link: bond0
    dhcp4: no
    addresses: [10.10.11.2/24]
    gateway: 10.10.11.1
    nameserver:
      addresses: [8.8.8.8]
    

Inaianei kua rite to maatau whatunga mo te mahi, ka puta nga mea katoa kaore i te whakamataku penei i te ahua o te tuatahi ka puta te waehere he tino ataahua me te panui. Ka mihi a PC ki a koe mo netplan he pukapuka pai kei te hono https://netplan.io/.

Source: will.com