Te whakamaoritanga o te tuhinga kua whakaritea mo nga tauira akoranga . Kei te pirangi koe ki te whakawhanake i tenei huarahi? Tirohia te rekoata o te haapurorotanga o te akomanga matua a Ivan Piskunov
I roto i tenei tuhinga, ka haere ahau ki a koe i roto i nga huarahi ki te whakarite i tetahi tūmau DNS i runga i te RHEL 7, i te CentOS 7 ranei. I whakamahia e ahau te Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.4 mo te whakaaturanga. Ko ta matou whainga ko te hanga i tetahi rekoata A me tetahi rekoata PTR mo nga rohe titiro whakamua me te whakamuri.
Tuatahi, whakauruhia nga kohinga rpm e tika ana mo te tūmau DNS.
FAKATOKANGA: Mo te RHEL me whai koe , ka taea ranei e koe , ka taea e te kaiwhakahaere o te kete "yum" te whakauru i nga kohinga rpm me nga whakawhirinaki.
# yum install bind bind-chroot caching-nameserverAku tautuhinga:
# hostname
golinuxhub-client.example
Мой IP-адрес 192.168.1.7
# ip address | egrep 'inet.*enp0s3'
inet 192.168.1.7/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic enp0s3I te mea ka whakamahi tatou i te chroot, me whakakore te ratonga.
# systemctl stop named
# systemctl disable namedNa ka kape i nga konae e hiahiatia ana ki te raarangi chroot.
FAKATOKANGA. Whakamahia te tautohetohe -p i roto i te kapa cp ki te pupuri i nga mana me nga rangatira.
[root@golinuxhub-client ~]# cp -rpvf /usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/etc/* /var/named/chroot/etc/
‘/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/etc/named.conf’ -> ‘/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf’
‘/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/etc/named.rfc1912.zones’ -> ‘/var/named/chroot/etc/named.rfc1912.zones’Na ka kape i nga konae e hono ana ki te rohe ki tetahi waahi hou.
[root@golinuxhub-client ~]# cp -rpvf /usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/* /var/named/chroot/var/named/
‘/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/data’ -> ‘/var/named/chroot/var/named/data’
‘/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/my.external.zone.db’ -> ‘/var/named/chroot/var/named/my.external.zone.db’
‘/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/my.internal.zone.db’ -> ‘/var/named/chroot/var/named/my.internal.zone.db’
‘/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/named.ca’ -> ‘/var/named/chroot/var/named/named.ca’
‘/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/named.empty’ -> ‘/var/named/chroot/var/named/named.empty’
‘/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/named.localhost’ -> ‘/var/named/chroot/var/named/named.localhost’
‘/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/named.loopback’ -> ‘/var/named/chroot/var/named/named.loopback’
‘/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/slaves’ -> ‘/var/named/chroot/var/named/slaves’
‘/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/slaves/my.ddns.internal.zone.db’ -> ‘/var/named/chroot/var/named/slaves/my.ddns.internal.zone.db’
‘/usr/share/doc/bind-9.9.4/sample/var/named/slaves/my.slave.internal.zone.db’ -> ‘/var/named/chroot/var/named/slaves/my.slave.internal.zone.db’
```bash
Теперь давайте посмотрим на основной файл конфигурации.
```bash
# cd /var/named/chroot/etc/Whakawetohia nga ihirangi o te ingoa.conf ka whakapiri i nga mea e whai ake nei.
[root@golinuxhub-client etc]# vim named.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; any; };
# listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
allow-query { localhost; any; };
allow-query-cache { localhost; any; };
};
logging {
channel default_debug {
file "data/named.run";
severity dynamic;
};
};
view my_resolver {
match-clients { localhost; any; };
recursion yes;
include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
};Me taapiri nga korero motuhake mo te rohe /var/named/chroot/etc/named.rfc1912.zones. Tāpirihia ngā tāurunga i raro nei. Ko te kōnae example.zone ko te kōnae rohe rapu whakamua, a tauira.rzone — konae rohe whakamuri.
FAKATOKANGA NUI: Kei roto i te rohe rapu whakamuri te 1.168.192 na te mea ko taku wahitau IP ko 192.168.1.7
zone "example" IN {
type master;
file "example.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "example.rzone";
allow-update { none; };
};Ko nga konae e hono ana ki nga rohe kei konei:
# cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/I muri mai, ka hangaia e matou nga konae mo nga rohe whakamua me te whakamuri. Ko nga ingoa kōnae ka rite ki runga ake i te konae ingoa.rfc1912.zones. He maha a matou tauira taunoa ka taea e matou te whakamahi.
# cp -p named.localhost example.zone
# cp -p named.loopback example.rzoneKei te kite koe, na nga whakaaetanga o naianei mo nga konae me nga raarangi whaiaronga katoa pakiaka.
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# ll
total 32
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 22 2017 data
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 168 May 22 2017 example.rzone
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 152 May 22 2017 example.zone
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 56 May 22 2017 my.external.zone.db
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 56 May 22 2017 my.internal.zone.db
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2281 May 22 2017 named.ca
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 152 May 22 2017 named.empty
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 152 May 22 2017 named.localhost
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 168 May 22 2017 named.loopback
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 71 Feb 12 21:02 slavesHurihia nga whakaaetanga o nga konae katoa hei tohu ko te kaiwhakamahi te rangatira pakiaka me te roopu ingoa.
# chown root:named *Engari mo nga raraunga me noho te rangatira ingoa: ingoa.
# chown -R named:named data
# ls -l
total 32
drwxr-xr-x. 2 named named 6 May 22 2017 data
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 168 May 22 2017 example.rzone
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 152 May 22 2017 example.zone
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 56 May 22 2017 my.external.zone.db
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 56 May 22 2017 my.internal.zone.db
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 2281 May 22 2017 named.ca
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 152 May 22 2017 named.empty
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 152 May 22 2017 named.localhost
-rw-r--r--. 1 root named 168 May 22 2017 named.loopback
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root named 71 Feb 12 21:02 slavesTāpirihia ngā ihirangi e whai ake nei ki tō kōnae rohe whakamua. I konei ka hangaia he rekoata A mo te localhost (golinuxhub-kiritaki) me tetahi atu mo te tūmau (golinuxhub-server).
# vim example.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA example. root (
1 ; serial
3H ; refresh
15M ; retry
1W ; expire
1D ) ; minimum
IN NS example.
IN A 192.168.1.7
golinuxhub-server IN A 192.168.1.5
golinuxhub-client IN A 192.169.1.7Whai muri, taapirihia nga ihirangi ki te konae rohe whakamuri. I konei ka hangaia e matou he rekoata PTR mo te kaihoko-kaitono me te tūmau-golinuxhub.
# vim example.rzone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA example. root.example. (
1997022700 ; serial
28800 ; refresh
14400 ; retry
3600000 ; expire
86400 ) ; minimum
IN NS example.
5 IN PTR golinuxhub-server.example.
7 IN PTR golinuxhub-client.example.I mua i te whakarewatanga o te ratonga ingoa-chroot, kia tirohia te whirihoranga o te konae rohe.
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# named-checkzone golinuxhub-client.example example.zone
zone golinuxhub-client.example/IN: loaded serial 1
OK
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# named-checkzone golinuxhub-client.example example.rzone
zone golinuxhub-client.example/IN: loaded serial 1997022700
OKHe pai te ahua o nga mea katoa. Inaianei tirohia te konae whirihoranga ma te whakamahi i te whakahau e whai ake nei.
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# named-checkconf -t /var/named/chroot/ /etc/named.confNa, i tutuki pai nga mea katoa.
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# echo $?
0FAKATOKANGA NUI: Kei a au a SELinux i te aratau whakaae
# getenforce
PermissiveHe pai nga mea katoa, no reira kua tae ki te wa ki te whakarewa i ta maatau ratonga ingoa-chroot .
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# systemctl restart named-chroot[root@golinuxhub-client named]# systemctl status named-chroot
● named-chroot.service - Berkeley Internet Name Domain (DNS)
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/named-chroot.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2018-02-12 21:53:23 IST; 19s ago
Process: 5236 ExecStop=/bin/sh -c /usr/sbin/rndc stop > /dev/null 2>&1 || /bin/kill -TERM $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 5327 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/named -u named -c ${NAMEDCONF} -t /var/named/chroot $OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 5325 ExecStartPre=/bin/bash -c if [ ! "$DISABLE_ZONE_CHECKING" == "yes" ]; then /usr/sbin/named-checkconf -t /var/named/chroot -z "$NAMEDCONF"; else echo "Checking of zone files is disabled"; fi (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 5330 (named)
CGroup: /system.slice/named-chroot.service
└─5330 /usr/sbin/named -u named -c /etc/named.conf -t /var/named/chroot
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: managed-keys-zone/my_resolver: loaded serial 0
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: zone 0.in-addr.arpa/IN/my_resolver: loaded serial 0
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: zone 1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa/IN/my_resolver: loaded serial 0
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: zone 1.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN/my_resolver: loaded serial 1997022700
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: zone example/IN/my_resolver: loaded serial 1
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: zone localhost/IN/my_resolver: loaded serial 0
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: zone 1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa/IN/my_resolver: loaded serial 0
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: zone localhost.localdomain/IN/my_resolver: loaded serial 0
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: all zones loaded
Feb 12 21:53:23 golinuxhub-client.example named[5330]: running
```bash
Убедитесь, что resolv.conf содержит ваш IP-адрес, чтобы он мог работать в качестве DNS-сервера.
```bash
# cat /etc/resolv.conf
search example
nameserver 192.168.1.7
```bash
Давайте проверим наш DNS-сервер для обратной зоны, используя dig.
```bash
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# dig -x 192.168.1.5
; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-50.el7 <<>> -x 192.168.1.5
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 40331
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;5.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR
;; ANSWER SECTION:
5.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN PTR golinuxhub-server.example.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
1.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS example.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
example. 86400 IN A 192.168.1.7
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.1.7#53(192.168.1.7)
;; WHEN: Mon Feb 12 22:13:17 IST 2018
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 122Kei te kite koe, i tae mai he whakautu pai (ANSWER) ki ta matou tono (QUERY).
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# dig -x 192.168.1.7
; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-50.el7 <<>> -x 192.168.1.7
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 55804
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;7.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR
;; ANSWER SECTION:
7.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN PTR golinuxhub-client.example.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
1.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS example.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
example. 86400 IN A 192.168.1.7
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.1.7#53(192.168.1.7)
;; WHEN: Mon Feb 12 22:12:54 IST 2018
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 122Ka taea e tatou te tirotiro i te rohe tika i te huarahi ano.
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# nslookup golinuxhub-client.example
Server: 192.168.1.7
Address: 192.168.1.7#53
Name: golinuxhub-client.example
Address: 192.169.1.7
[root@golinuxhub-client named]# nslookup golinuxhub-server.example
Server: 192.168.1.7
Address: 192.168.1.7#53
Name: golinuxhub-server.example
Address: 192.168.1.5He ahua tawhito tenei tuhinga penei i roto i te RHEL 7 kaore koe e hiahia ki te kape i nga konae whirihoranga here ki te chroot. .
Source: will.com