ProHoster > Блог > Whakahaerenga > Te hanga i tetahi kohinga PostgreSQL e waatea ana ma te whakamahi i te Patroni, etcd, HAProxy

Te hanga i tetahi kohinga PostgreSQL e waatea ana ma te whakamahi i te Patroni, etcd, HAProxy

Ko te mea noa i te wa i pa mai ai te raru, kaore au i tino mohio ki te whakawhanake me te whakarewa i tenei otinga anake. Na ka timata ahau ki te Google.

Kaore au i te mohio he aha te hopu, engari mo te tekau ma tahi o nga wa e pa ana ahau ki te meka ahakoa ka mahia e au nga mea katoa i te taahiraa i roto i te akoranga, te whakarite i te taiao rite ki te kaituhi, kaore he mea e mahi. Kaore au i te mohio he aha te take, engari ka tutaki ano ahau ki tenei, ka whakatau ahau ka tuhia e ahau taku ake akoranga ina mahi nga mea katoa. Ko tetahi ka tino mahi.

Nga kaiarahi i runga i te Ipurangi

Ko te mea noa kaore te Ipurangi e pa ki te kore o nga momo kaiarahi, akoranga, taahiraa-i-taahiraa me era atu. I tupono noa kua whakawhiwhia ahau ki te whakawhanake i tetahi otinga mo te whakarite ngawari me te hanga i tetahi kahui PostgreSQL, ko nga whakaritenga matua ko te tuku tukurua mai i te Kaiwhakaako Matua ki nga tauira katoa me te whakarato aunoa i te rahui mena ka puta he Kaiwhakaako Kaiwhakaako. korenga.

I tenei waahanga, kua whakatauhia te puranga o nga hangarau i whakamahia:

  • PostgreSQL hei DBMS
  • Patroni hei otinga huinga
  • etcd hei rokiroki tohatoha mo Patroni
  • HAproxy mo te whakarite i te waahi urunga kotahi mo nga tono e whakamahi ana i te paataka raraunga

tāutanga

Mo to aro - te hanga i tetahi kohinga PostgreSQL e waatea ana ma te whakamahi i te Patroni, etcd, HAProxy.

I mahia nga mahi katoa i runga i nga miihini mariko me te Debian 10 OS kua whakauruhia.

etcd

Kaore au e kii ki te whakauru etcd i runga i nga miihini ano ka tu te patroni me te postgresql, na te mea he mea nui te uta kōpae mo etcd. Engari mo nga kaupapa matauranga, ka mahia e matou.
Kia tāuta etcd.

#!/bin/bash
apt-get update
apt-get install etcd

Tāpiri ihirangi ki te kōnae /etc/default/etcd

[mema]

ETCD_NAME=datanode1 # ingoa kaihautū o tō mihini
ETCD_DATA_DIR =”/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd”

KAUPAPA KAUPAPA KAUPAPA KAUPAPA KAUPAPA. KAUPAPA KAUPAPA KAUPAPA, KAUPAPA KAUPAPA me etahi atu KAUPAPA KI TE IP ADDRESS O TE KAIMAKI

ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2380» # wāhi noho o tō waka
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379» # wāhi noho o tō waka

[cluster]

ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2380» # wāhi noho o tō waka
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER=»datanode1=http://192.168.0.143:2380,datanode2=http://192.168.0.144:2380,datanode3=http://192.168.0.145:2380» # nga wahitau o nga miihini katoa i roto i te roopu etcd
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="hou"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster-1″
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2379» # wāhi noho o tō waka

Whakahaerehia te whakahau

systemctl restart etcd

PostgreSQL 9.6 + patroni

Ko te mea tuatahi me mahi koe ko te whakarite kia toru nga miihini mariko hei whakauru i nga rorohiko e tika ana ki runga. I muri i te whakauru i nga miihini, ki te whai koe i taku akoranga, ka taea e koe te whakahaere i tenei tuhinga ngawari ka (tata) ka mahi i nga mea katoa mo koe. Ka rere hei pakiaka.

Kia mahara ko te tuhinga e whakamahi ana i te putanga PostgreSQL 9.6, na nga whakaritenga o roto o to taatau kamupene. Ko te otinga kaore ano kia whakamatauria ki etahi atu putanga o PostgreSQL.

#!/bin/bash
apt-get install gnupg -y
echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ buster-pgdg main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | apt-key add -
apt-get update
apt-get install postgresql-9.6 python3-pip python3-dev libpq-dev -y
systemctl stop postgresql
pip3 install --upgrade pip
pip install psycopg2
pip install patroni[etcd]
echo "
[Unit]
Description=Runners to orchestrate a high-availability PostgreSQL
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=simple

User=postgres
Group=postgres

ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/patroni /etc/patroni.yml

KillMode=process

TimeoutSec=30

Restart=no

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.targ
" > /etc/systemd/system/patroni.service
mkdir -p /data/patroni
chown postgres:postgres /data/patroni
chmod 700 /data/patroniпо
touch /etc/patroni.yml

I muri mai, i roto i te konae /etc/patroni.yml i hanga e koe, me tuu e koe nga mea e whai ake nei, ma te huri i nga wahitau IP i nga waahi katoa ki nga wahitau ka whakamahia e koe.
Kia tupato ki nga korero i roto i tenei yaml. Hurihia nga wahitau ki a koe ake i ia miihini i roto i te roopu.

/etc/patroni.yml

scope: pgsql # должно быть одинаковым на всех нодах
namespace: /cluster/ # должно быть одинаковым на всех нодах
name: postgres1 # должно быть разным на всех нодах

restapi:
    listen: 192.168.0.143:8008 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл
    connect_address: 192.168.0.143:8008 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл

etcd:
    hosts: 192.168.0.143:2379,192.168.0.144:2379,192.168.0.145:2379 # перечислите здесь все ваши ноды, в случае если вы устанавливаете etcd на них же

# this section (bootstrap) will be written into Etcd:/<namespace>/<scope>/config after initializing new cluster
# and all other cluster members will use it as a `global configuration`
bootstrap:
    dcs:
        ttl: 100
        loop_wait: 10
        retry_timeout: 10
        maximum_lag_on_failover: 1048576
        postgresql:
            use_pg_rewind: true
            use_slots: true
            parameters:
                    wal_level: replica
                    hot_standby: "on"
                    wal_keep_segments: 5120
                    max_wal_senders: 5
                    max_replication_slots: 5
                    checkpoint_timeout: 30

    initdb:
    - encoding: UTF8
    - data-checksums
    - locale: en_US.UTF8
    # init pg_hba.conf должен содержать адреса ВСЕХ машин, используемых в кластере
    pg_hba:
    - host replication postgres ::1/128 md5
    - host replication postgres 127.0.0.1/8 md5
    - host replication postgres 192.168.0.143/24 md5
    - host replication postgres 192.168.0.144/24 md5
    - host replication postgres 192.168.0.145/24 md5
    - host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5

    users:
        admin:
            password: admin
            options:
                - createrole
                - createdb

postgresql:
    listen: 192.168.0.143:5432 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл
    connect_address: 192.168.0.143:5432 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл
    data_dir: /data/patroni # эту директорию создаст скрипт, описанный выше и установит нужные права
    bin_dir:  /usr/lib/postgresql/9.6/bin # укажите путь до вашей директории с postgresql
    pgpass: /tmp/pgpass
    authentication:
        replication:
            username: postgres
            password: postgres
        superuser:
            username: postgres
            password: postgres
    create_replica_methods:
        basebackup:
            checkpoint: 'fast'
    parameters:
        unix_socket_directories: '.'

tags:
    nofailover: false
    noloadbalance: false
    clonefrom: false
    nosync: false

Me whakahaere te tuhinga ki runga i nga miihini e toru o te roopu, me te whakatakotoranga o runga ake nei me whakanoho ki te konae /etc/patroni.yml ki nga miihini katoa.

Kia oti enei mahi i runga i nga miihini katoa i roto i te roopu, whakahaeretia te whakahau e whai ake nei ki runga i tetahi o aua miihini

systemctl start patroni
systemctl start postgresql

Tatari mo te 30 hēkona, kātahi ka whakahaere i tēnei whakahau ki ngā mihini e toe ana i te kāhui.

HAproxy

Ka whakamahia e matou te HAproxy whakamiharo ki te whakarato i tetahi waahi urunga. Ka watea tonu te kaimau matua ki te wahitau o te miihini e tukuna ana a HAproxy.

Kia kore ai e waiho te miihini me te HAproxy he waahi o te kore, ka whakarewahia e matou ki roto i te ipu Docker; i te wa kei te heke mai ka taea te whakarewahia ki roto i te kahui o te K8 kia pai ake ai te pono o to tatou tautau failover.

Waihangahia he whaiaronga ka taea e koe te penapena i nga konae e rua - Dockerfile me te haproxy.cfg. Haere ki reira.

Dockerfile

FROM ubuntu:latest

RUN apt-get update 
    && apt-get install -y haproxy rsyslog 
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

RUN mkdir /run/haproxy

COPY haproxy.cfg /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

CMD haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg && tail -F /var/log/haproxy.log

Kia tupato, ko nga rarangi whakamutunga e toru o te konae haproxy.cfg me whakararangi nga wahitau o o miihini. Ka whakapā atu a HAproxy ki a Patroni, i roto i nga pane HTTP ka hoki mai te kaimau matua ki te 200, ka hoki mai ano te tauira ki te 503.

haproxy.cfg

global
    maxconn 100

defaults
    log global
    mode tcp
    retries 2
    timeout client 30m
    timeout connect 4s
    timeout server 30m
    timeout check 5s

listen stats
    mode http
    bind *:7000
    stats enable
    stats uri /

listen postgres
    bind *:5000
    option httpchk
    http-check expect status 200
    default-server inter 3s fall 3 rise 2 on-marked-down shutdown-sessions
    server postgresql1 192.168.0.143:5432 maxconn 100 check port 8008
    server postgresql2 192.168.0.144:5432 maxconn 100 check port 8008
    server postgresql3 192.168.0.145:5432 maxconn 100 check port 8008

I te mea kei roto i te raarangi e "tekae ana" o maatau konae e rua, me mahi nga whakahau mo te whakakii i te ipu, me te whakarewa ano me te tuku whakamua i nga tauranga e tika ana:

docker build -t my-haproxy .
docker run -d -p5000:5000 -p7000:7000 my-haproxy

Inaianei, ma te whakatuwhera i te wahitau o to miihini me te HAproxy i roto i te tirotiro me te tohu tauranga 7000, ka kite koe i nga tatauranga i runga i to tautau.

Ko te tūmau te rangatira ka noho ki te āhua UP, ā, ka noho ngā tauira ki te āhua DOWN. He mea noa tenei, me te mea kei te mahi ratou, engari he penei te ahua na te mea ka whakahokia e ratou te 503 mo nga tono mai i te HAproxy. Ma tenei ka taea e tatou te mohio tonu ko wai o nga kaitoro e toru te rangatira o naianei.

mutunga

He ataahua koe! I roto noa i te 30 meneti kua tukuna e koe he kahui papaa raraunga pai-whakaaro ki te he me te mahi nui me te tukurua roma me te takahuri aunoa. Mena kei te whakamahere koe ki te whakamahi i tenei otinga, tirohia me nga tuhinga a Patroni, ina koa me tana waahanga mo te whaipainga patronictl, e whai waahi pai ana ki te whakahaere i to roopu.

Kia ora!

Source: will.com

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