Hei Habr!
Ko Maxim Ponomarenko tōku ingoa, ā, he kaiwhakawhanake ahau i Sportmaster. Tekau tau ōku wheako ki te hangarau mōhiohio. I tīmata taku mahi i roto i te whakamātautau ā-ringa, kātahi ka huri ki te whakawhanake pātengi raraunga. Mō ngā tau e whā kua pahure ake nei, kua kohia e au te mātauranga i riro mai i ahau i roto i te whakamātautau me te whakawhanake hei whakahaere aunoa i te whakamātautau i te taumata DBMS.
Neke atu i te tau ahau e mahi ana i roto i te tīma Sportmaster, ā, kei te whakawhanake ahau i te whakamātautau aunoa i tētahi o ā rātou kaupapa nui. I te marama o Āperira, i whakaatu mātou ko ngā tāne o Sportmaster Lab i tētahi huihuinga i Krasnodar. Ko te taitara o taku kauhau ko "Ngā Whakamātautau Wāhanga i roto i te DBMS," ā, e hiahia ana ahau ki te whakapuaki atu ki a koutou inaianei. He kōrero roa tēnei, nō reira kua whakatau ahau ki te wehewehe kia rua ngā pou. I te tuatahi, ka matapakihia e mātou te whakamātautau aunoa me te whakamātautau whānui, ā, i te tuarua, ka ruku hohonu ahau ki tā mātou pūnaha whakamātautau wāhanga me ngā hua o tōna whakatinanatanga.
Tuatahi, he ariā hoha. He aha te whakamātautau aunoa? He whakamātautau e mahia ana mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu pūmanawa, ā, i roto i te hangarau mōhiohio o ēnei rā, kei te piki haere te whakamahinga i roto i te whanaketanga pūmanawa. Nā te mea ka tipu haere ngā kamupene, ka tipu haere ā rātou pūnaha mōhiohio, ā, ka piki haere te nui o ngā mahi e tika ana kia whakamatautauria. Kei te piki haere te utu o te whakamātautau ā-ringa.
I mahi ahau i tētahi kamupene nui e tuku ana i ngā pūmanawa i ia rua marama. Kotahi te marama katoa i pau ki te tirotiro ā-ringa i ngā mahi me te tekau mā rua ngā kaiwhakamātautau. Mā te whakamahi i te aunoatanga me tētahi rōpū iti o ngā kaiwhakawhanake, i taea e mātou te whakaiti i te wā whakamātautau ki te rua wiki i roto i te tau me te haurua. Kāore i te mea i whakapiki ake i te tere o te whakamātautau anake, engari i whakapai ake hoki i tōna kounga. Ka rere tonu ngā whakamātautau aunoa, ā, ka oti tonu te tukanga katoa o ā rātou tirotiro, ka whakakorea ngā hapa tangata.
Ko tētahi āhuatanga motuhake o te hangarau mōhiohio o ēnei rā, me tuhi pea e te kaiwhakawhanake he waehere hua, engari me tuhi hoki i ngā whakamātautau wae hei manatoko i taua waehere.
Engari, me pēhea mēnā ka whakawhirinaki tō pūnaha ki te arorau taha-tūmau? Kāore he otinga whānui, kāore hoki he tikanga pai rawa atu i te mākete. Ko te tikanga, ka whakatauhia e ngā kamupene tēnei raruraru mā te waihanga i tā rātou ake pūnaha whakamātautau ritenga. Koinei te pūnaha whakamātautau aunoa ritenga i hangaia e mātou mō tā mātou kaupapa, ā, ka matapakihia e au i roto i taku kōrero.
Te whakamātautau i te pono
Tuatahi, me kōrero tātou mō te kaupapa i whakatinanahia ai e mātou he pūnaha whakamātautau aunoa. Ko tā mātou kaupapa ko te pūnaha pono a Sportmaster (ehara i te mea kua tuhia kētia e mātou i roto i ).
Mena he nui tō kamupene, e toru ngā āhuatanga paerewa o tō pūnaha pono:
- Ka tino utaina tō pūnaha.
- Ka whai tukanga rorohiko uaua tō pūnaha.
- Ka tino whakapaitia tō pūnaha.
Kia kotahi te taahiraa i ia wā... I te katoa, i runga i ngā waitohu Sportmaster katoa, neke atu i te 1000 ā mātou toa puta noa i Rūhia, Ukraine, Haina, Kazakhstan, me Belarus. Tata ki te 300,000 ngā hoko e tukatukahia ana e ēnei toa i ia rā. Ko te tikanga tēnei e 3-4 ngā rīhiti e tukatukahia ana i roto i tā mātou pūnaha i ia hēkona. He pono, he tino pukumahi tā mātou pūnaha pono. Ā, nā te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana, me pupuri tonu e mātou ngā paerewa kounga teitei, nā te mea ka taea e ngā hapa pūmanawa te arahi ki ngā mate pūtea, ingoa pai, me ētahi atu mate.
Neke atu i te kotahi rau ngā whakatairanga a Sportmaster e whakahaerehia ana i ngā wā katoa. He rerekē ēnei whakatairanga: ko ētahi he mea motuhake ki te hua, ko ētahi he mea motuhake ki te rā o te wiki, ko ētahi he mea motuhake ki te toa, ko ētahi e ahu mai ana i te tapeke o te ota, ā, ko ētahi e ahu mai ana i te rahinga o ngā taonga. I te nuinga, he tuku nui tēnei. Ka whiwhi ngā kaihoko i ngā pōnahi me ngā waehere whakatairanga ka taea te whakamahi i te wā e hoko ana. Nā ēnei katoa ka uaua te tatau i te utu o tētahi ota.
He tino whakamataku, he uaua hoki te pūnaha e whakatinana ana i te tukatuka ota. Ā, he tino mōrearea ngā huringa katoa ki tēnei pūnaha. Ahakoa ngā huringa iti noa iho, ka taea e rātou te arahi ki ngā hua kāore i te matapaetia. Heoi, ko ēnei tukanga rorohiko uaua tonu, inā koa ko ērā e whakatinana ana i ngā mahi nui, koinei ngā kaitono pai rawa atu mō te aunoatanga. He tino roa te whakamātautau ā-ringa i ngā maha o ngā take rite. Ā, nā te mea he pumau te wāhi whakauru ki te tukanga, ina oti te whakaahua, ka taea e koe te hanga tere i ngā whakamātautau aunoa me te māia ki te mahi.
Nā te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana tā mātou pūnaha, ka tumanako ngā pakihi ki tētahi mea hou mai i a koe, e mau tonu ana ki te ao hou, me te arotahi ki te kiritaki. Ka tukuna tā mātou pūnaha pono i ia rua marama. Ko te tikanga me mahi e mātou he whakahokinga katoa o te pūnaha katoa i ia rua marama. He mea noa, pērā i ngā taiao hangarau mōhiohio hou katoa, kāore te whanaketanga e neke tonu mai i te kaiwhakawhanake ki te whakaputa. Ka tīmata i te pito o te kaiwhakawhanake, kātahi ka haere i roto i te taputapu whakamātautau, te taputapu tuku, te taputapu whakaae, ā, kātahi ka tae ki te whakaputa. Me mahi e mātou he whakahokinga katoa o te pūnaha katoa i te iti rawa i runga i ngā taputapu whakamātautau me te taputapu tuku.
He paerewa ngā āhuatanga kua whakaahuatia mō te nuinga o ngā pūnaha pono. Me matapaki tātou i ngā āhuatanga motuhake o tā tātou kaupapa.
I runga i te hangarau, e 90% o te arorau o tā mātou pūnaha pono e ahu mai ana i te tūmau, ā, e whakatinanahia ana i roto i te Oracle. He kiritaki Delphi motuhake tā mātou e mahi ana hei teihana mahi kaiwhakahaere. He ratonga tukutuku anō hoki ā mātou mō ngā tono o waho (pēnei i te paetukutuku). Nō reira, he mea tika mēnā ka whakatūria e mātou he pūnaha whakamātautau aunoa, ka mahia e mātou i roto i te Oracle.
Neke atu i te whitu tau te pūnaha pono o Sportmaster e tū ana, ā, i hangaia e te tīma kotahi o ngā kaiwhakawhanake. Ko te toharite o ngā kaiwhakawhanake i roto i tā mātou kaupapa i roto i ēnei tau e whitu he toru ki te whā. Engari i roto i te tau kua hipa, kua tino tipu tā mātou tīma, ā, kua tekau ngā tāngata e mahi ana i te kaupapa. Ko te tikanga tēnei kei te whakahaerehia te kaupapa e ngā tāngata kāore i te mōhio ki ngā mahi, ngā tukanga, me te hoahoanga noa. Mā tēnei ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka ngaro ngā pepeke.
Ko te āhuatanga o te kaupapa nei ko te kore o ngā kaiwhakamātautau whakatapua hei kaimahi wā-katoa. He pono kei reira ngā whakamātautau, engari ko ngā kaitātari te kaiwhakahaere, hei tāpiri atu ki ā rātou kawenga matua kē atu: te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ki ngā kiritaki pakihi me ngā kaiwhakamahi, te whakawhanake i ngā whakaritenga pūnaha, me ērā atu mea. Ahakoa he tino kounga teitei te whakamātautau (he mea tino nui tēnei, nā te mea ka kitea pea tēnei pūrongo e ētahi kaitātari), kei te mau tonu te whai huatanga o te tohungatanga me te arotahi.
I runga i ngā mea katoa o runga ake nei, ko te whakaaro o te whakamātautau aunoa i runga i te kaupapa he mea tino tika hei whakapai ake i te kounga o te hua i tukuna, hei whakaiti hoki i te wā whakawhanake. I ngā wāhanga rerekē o te pūnaha pono, i whakapau kaha ngā kaiwhakawhanake takitahi ki te hipoki i ā rātou waehere ki ngā whakamātautau wae. He tukanga wehewehe tēnei i te nuinga o te wā, me ia kaiwhakawhanake e whakamahi ana i ā rātou ake hoahoa me ngā tikanga. Ko te miro noa e rere ana i roto i ngā whakamātautau wae koia tēnei: i whakawhanakehia ngā whakamātautau, i whakamahia mō tētahi wā, i rongoatia ki roto i tētahi putunga kōnae putanga, engari i tētahi wā, ka mutu te rere, ā, ka warewarehia. I puta tuatahi tēnei nā te mea i herea ake ngā whakamātautau ki tētahi kaiwhakawhanake motuhake kaua ki te kaupapa.
Ka tae mai a utPLSQL ki te āwhina
E mōhio ana koe ki ētahi mea mō Stephen Feuerstein?
He tangata mātau tēnei, kua whakatapua e ia tētahi wāhanga nui o tana mahi ki te mahi tahi me Oracle me PL/SQL, me te tuhi i te maha o ngā tuhinga mō tēnei kaupapa. Ko tētahi pukapuka rongonui nā ia ko "Oracle PL/SQL: For Professionals" te taitara. E kiia ana ko Stephen te kaiwhakawhanake i te otinga utPLSQL, arā, ko te Unit Testing Framework mō Oracle PL/SQL. I hangaia te utPLSQL i te tau 2016, engari kei te whanake tonutia, kei te whakahoutia hoki. I te wā o tēnei whakaaturanga, i tukuna te putanga hou i te 24 o Poutū-te-rangi, 2019.
He aha tēnei? He kaupapa tuwhera-pūtake motuhake. E rua mekapaita te taumaha, tae atu ki ngā tauira me ngā tuhinga. He kaupapa motuhake tēnei i roto i tētahi pātengi raraunga Oracle me tētahi huinga mōkihi me ngā ripanga hei whakamātautau i ngā waeine. He torutoru hēkona te roa o te tāutanga. Ko tētahi āhuatanga motuhake o te utPLSQL ko tōna ngāwari ki te whakamahi.
Ko te tikanga, ko te utPLSQL he tikanga mō te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau wae, e tautuhia ana ngā whakamātautau wae hei tikanga puranga paerewa a Oracle kua whakaritea kia rite ki ētahi ture. Haunga te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau, ka rongoa e te utPLSQL he rangitaki o ō oma whakamātautau katoa, ā, he pūnaha pūrongo ā-roto anō hoki.
Me titiro tātou ki tētahi tauira o te āhua o te waehere whakamātautau wae ina whakatinanahia mā te whakamahi i tēnei tikanga.
Nō reira, ka whakaaturia te waehere mō tētahi whakatakotoranga mōkihi whakamātautau waeine noa ki te mata. He aha ngā whakaritenga ā-ture? Me whai kupu whakataki "utp_" te mōkihi. Me whai kupu whakataki kotahi ngā tukanga whakamātautau katoa. Me whai tikanga paerewa e rua te mōkihi: "utp_setup" me "utp_teardown." Ka karangatia te tukanga tuatahi ina tīmata anō ia whakamātautau waeine, ā, ka karangatia te tuarua i muri i tōna tīmatanga.
Ko te tikanga, ka whakarite a "utp_setup" i tā mātou pūnaha mō te whakahaere i tētahi whakamātautau wae, hei tauira, mā te waihanga raraunga whakamātautau. Ko "utp_teardown" ia, ka whakahokia ngā mea katoa ki ngā tautuhinga taketake, ā, ka tautuhi anō i ngā hua o te whakahaere.
Anei tētahi tauira o tētahi whakamātautau waeine tino māmā, e tirotiro ana i te whakatauritenga o te nama waea a te kiritaki kua whakaurua ki te whakatakotoranga paerewa mō tā mātou pūnaha pono. Kāore he paerewa whakahau mō te tuhi i ngā tukanga whakamātautau waeine. I te nuinga o te wā, ka karangatia he tikanga o te pūnaha kei raro i te whakamātautau, ā, ka whakaritea te hua i whakahokia mai e tēnei tikanga ki te hua tohutoro. He mea nui kia whakahaerehia te whakataurite i waenga i te hua tohutoro me te hua i whiwhi mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga utPLSQL paerewa.
Ka taea e te whakamātautau waeine te whai i te maha o ngā tirotiro. E ai ki te tauira, e whā ngā karangatanga karapīpiti ka mahia e mātou ki te tikanga kei raro i te whakamātautau hei whakataurite i te nama waea, me te aromatawai i te hua i muri i ia karangatanga. I te whakawhanake i te whakamātautau waeine, he mea nui kia whakaarohia kāore ētahi tirotiro e pā ki te pūnaha i tētahi ara, ko ētahi e hiahia ana kia hoki whakamuri ki te āhua pūnaha taketake.
Hei tauira, i roto i te whakamātautau waeine e whakaaturia ana, ka whakahōputu noa mātou i te tau waea whakauru, kāore e pā ki te pūnaha pono i tetahi ara.
Ki te tuhi tātou i ngā whakamātautau waeine mā te whakamahi i te tikanga waihanga kiritaki hou, kātahi ka waihangahia he kiritaki hou ki te pūnaha i muri i ia tirotiro, ka pā pea tēnei ki te whakamātautau e whai ake nei.
Koinei te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau waeine. E rua ngā kōwhiringa whakahaere e taea ana: te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau waeine katoa mai i tētahi mōkihi motuhake, te whakahaere rānei i tētahi whakamātautau waeine motuhake i roto i tētahi mōkihi motuhake.
Anei tētahi tauira o tētahi pūnaha pūrongo ā-roto. I runga i ngā hua o tētahi whakamātautau wae, ka whakaputahia e te utPLSQL tētahi pūrongo iti. Ka whakaatuhia ngā hua mō ia tirotiro motuhake me te hua whānui o te whakahaere whakamātautau wae.
6 ngā ture o ngā whakamātautau aunoa
I mua i te tīmatanga o te waihanga i tētahi pūnaha whakamātautau pono aunoa hou, i mahi tahi mātou me ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te tautuhi i ngā mātāpono me piri ki ā mātou whakamātautau aunoa a meake nei.
- Me whai hua, me whai hua hoki ngā whakamātautau aunoa. He kaiwhakawhanake whakamiharo ā tātou, e tika ana kia whakanuia motuhaketia—tērā pea ka kite tētahi i tēnei kōrero—ā, he tino pai ā rātou waehere e tuhi ana. Engari ahakoa tā rātou waehere whakamiharo, kāore i te tino tika; kei roto, kei roto, ā, ka mau tonu ngā hapa. Me kimi e ngā whakamātautau aunoa ēnei hapa. Ki te kore, kei te tuhi mātou i ngā whakamātautau aunoa kāore i te pai te tuhi, kua tūtaki rānei mātou ki tētahi wāhi mate kāore anō kia oti. Ahakoa pēhea, kei te hē tā mātou mahi, ā, he koretake noa iho tā mātou huarahi.
- Me whakamahi ngā whakamātautau aunoa. Kāore he painga o te whakapau kaha me te wā ki te tuhi i tētahi hua pūmanawa, ki te waihanga i tētahi putunga raraunga, kātahi ka wareware noa atu. Me whakahaere ngā whakamātautau, me te whakahaere i ngā wā katoa e taea ana.
- Me whakahaere pono ngā whakamātautau aunoa. Ahakoa te wā o te rā, te tatūnga whakamātautau, me ētahi atu tautuhinga pūnaha, me whakaputa ngā hua ōrite tonu. Ko te tikanga ka whakamanahia tēnei mā te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau aunoa i runga i ngā raraunga whakamātautau motuhake me ngā tautuhinga pūnaha pumau.
- Me tere te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau aunoa i te tere e tika ana mō tō kaupapa. Ka whakatauhia tēnei wā takitahi mō ia pūnaha. Ka taea e ētahi te whakahaere i te rā katoa, ko ētahi me whakahaere i roto i ngā hēkona. Ka tohaina e au ngā paerewa tere i tutuki i roto i tā mātou kaupapa i muri tata mai.
- Me ngāwari te whakawhanake whakamātautau aunoa. Kāore e pai kia kaua e whakamātautau i tētahi āhuatanga motuhake nā te mea kāore anō kia mahia i mua, nā tētahi atu take rānei. Kāore he here whanaketanga a te utPLSQL, ā, ka taea e Oracle te whakamahi i te whānuitanga o ngā whakatinanatanga. He otinga tō te nuinga o ngā raruraru; he mea noa iho te wā me te kaha.
- Te Whakatakotoranga. He maha ā mātou taputapu whakamātautau e hiahia ana mātou ki te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau. Ka taea te whakahou i te puranga raraunga i ngā wā katoa i runga i ia taputapu. Me whakahaere e mātou te kaupapa me ngā whakamātautau aunoa i roto i te huarahi e taea ai te whakatinanatanga katoa, wāhanga rānei.
Ā, i te tuarua o ngā pou i roto i ngā rā torutoru e whai ake nei, ka kōrerotia e au ā mātou mahi me ngā hua i tutuki i a mātou.
Source: will.com
