Kei te whakaaro matou ki te whakawhānui ake i nga kaha o te Kaiwhakahaere Whirihoranga Pokapū Pūnaha (he hua mo te whakahaere i nga hanganga IT) i te wa e pupuhi ana nga PC kaiwhakamahi i runga i te whatunga ma te whakamahi i te PXE. Ka waihangahia e matou he tahua whawhai i runga i te PXELinux me nga mahi a te Pokapū Pūnaha me te taapiri i te matawai anti-huaketo, te tātaritanga me nga whakaahua whakaora. I te mutunga o te tuhinga, ka pa atu matou ki nga ahuatanga o te Kaiwhakahaere Whirihoranga Pūnaha Pūnaha 2012 i te taha o Windows Deployment Services (WDS) i te wa e pupuhi ana ma te PXE.
Ka mahia e matou nga mahi katoa i runga i te taiao whakamatautau kua oti kee te whakauru i te Kaiwhakahaere Whirihoranga SP2012 Center Center 1, he kaiwhakahaere rohe, me te maha o nga miihini whakamatautau. E kiia ana kei te tuku kee a SCCM i runga i te whatunga ma te whakamahi i te PXE.
urunga
Ko te taiao whakamatautau he maha nga miihini mariko. Ko nga miihini katoa kua whakauruhia he OS manuhiri Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 (x64), urutau whatunga E1000, Kaiwhakahaere SCSI: LSI Logic SAS
Ingoa (Tuhinga)
Wāhitau IP / ingoa DNS
Mahinga
SCCM (Kaiwhakahaere Whirihoranga Pokapū Pūnaha)
192.168.57.102
sccm2012.test.local
Kaiwhakahaere Whirihoranga Pokapū Pūnaha kua whakauruhia 2012 SP1
DC (AD,DHCP,DNS)
192.168.57.10
dc1.test.local
Ko te mahi a te kaiwhakahaere rohe, te tūmau DHCP me te tūmau DNS
TEST (Mīhini Whakamātautau)
192.168.57.103
whakamātautau.whakamatautau.rohe
Mo te whakamatau
G.W. (Kuwaha)
192.168.57.1
Ararere i waenganui i nga whatunga. Te Mahi Waahi
1. Tāpirihia te PXELinux ki te SCCM
Ka mahia e matou nga mahi i runga i te miihini i whakauruhia ai te Kaiwhakahaere Whirihoranga Pokapū Pūnaha
- Me whakatauhia te raarangi kei hea nga konae WDS mo te tango, mo tenei ka titiro tatou ki te rehita mo te uara o te tawhā.
RootFolderi roto i te pekaHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetservicesWDSServerProvidersWDSTFTP
Uara taunoaC:RemoteInstall
Ko nga konae hei tango mai i te waahi tukunga SCCM kei roto i nga raarangismsbootx86иsmsbootx64i runga i te hoahoanga.
Tuatahi, whakaritea he whaiaronga mo te hoahoanga moka-32, ma te taunoac:Remoteinstallsmsbootx86 - Tikiake i te pūranga me nga mea hou . Tārua mai i te syslinux-5.01.zip ki
c:Remoteinstallsmsbootx86nga kōnae e whai ake nei:
memdisk, chain.c32, ldlinux.c32, libcom32.c32, libutil.c32, pxechn.c32, vesamenu.c32, pxelinux.0
Ka hiahiatia etahi atu konae hei karo i tera hapa.
- В
c:Remoteinstallsmsbootx86whakaingoa anōpxelinux.0вpxelinux.com
Kei te kōpakic:remoteinstallsmsbootx86hanga he kapeabortpxe.comka whakaingoatia kiabortpxe.0
Ki te kore whakaingoa ki te toronga.0, hei tauira te tohutohuKernel abortpxe.comka rahua ki te hapa e whai ake nei: I rahua te kakano whakaoho: Tau kōnae kino
Mo te PXELINUX, me whakarite te toronga konae tango kia rite ki te peretinone or other Linux kernel image .0 PXE bootstrap program (NBP) [PXELINUX only] .bin "CD boot sector" [ISOLINUX only] .bs Boot sector [SYSLINUX only] .bss Boot sector, DOS superblock will be patched in [SYSLINUX only] .c32 COM32 image (32-bit COMBOOT) .cbt COMBOOT image (not runnable from DOS) .com COMBOOT image (runnable from DOS) .img Disk image [ISOLINUX only]Source: Wāhanga kōnae Kernel
- Kia kore ai e pehia te kī F12 i nga wa maha i te wa e utaina ana te SCCM i roto i te tahua, whakaingoa ano te pxeboot.com ki te pxeboot.com.f12, te kape i te pxeboot.n12 ki te pxeboot.com
Mena kaore i mahia, katahi ka kowhiria, ka tae mai he panui penei i nga wa katoa
Tuhipoka: Kaua e wareware ki te whakaingoa ano i enei konae kei roto i te kōpaki x64. ka utaina anax86wdsnbp.commai i te kōpaki x86, ka whakatauhia e te kaiuta te hoahoanga tukatuka ka utaina te konae i muri mai i te kōpaki me te hoahoanga e rite ana. No reira, mo te x64, karekau te konae e whai ake neix86pxeboot.comax64pxeboot.com - Tikiake / hanga , taumira 640x480, kape ki te kōpaki kotahi. Waihangatia he kōpaki
ISOte wahi ka tuu tatou whakapakoko ISO. Waihangatia he kōpakipxelinux.cfgmo nga whirihora. - I roto i te kōpaki pxelinux.cfg, hanga he konae taunoa, i roto i te whakawaehere kore-unicode, me te ihirangi
taunoa (Pāwhiritia hei whakaatu)# используем графическое меню DEFAULT vesamenu.c32 PROMPT 0 timeout 80 TOTALTIMEOUT 9000 MENU TITLE PXE Boot Menu (x86) MENU INCLUDE pxelinux.cfg/graphics.conf MENU AUTOBOOT Starting Local System in 8 seconds # Boot local HDD (default) LABEL bootlocal menu label Boot Local menu default localboot 0x80 # if it doesn't work #kernel chain.c32 #append hd0 # Вход в меню по паролю Qwerty, алгоритм MD5 label av menu label Antivirus and tools menu PASSWD $1$15opgKTx$dP/IaLNiCbfECiC2KPkDC0 kernel vesamenu.c32 append pxelinux.cfgav.conf label sccm menu label Start to SCCM COM32 pxechn.c32 APPEND sccm2012.test.local::smsbootx86wdsnbp.com -W label pxe64 menu label Start to x64 pxelinux COM32 pxechn.c32 APPEND sccm2012.test.local::smsbootx64pxelinux.com LABEL Abort MENU LABEL Exit KERNEL abortpxe.0Kei te kōpaki
pxelinux.cfghanga he kōnaegraphics.confme te ihirangi
graphics.conf (Pāwhiritia hei whakaatu)MENU MARGIN 10 MENU ROWS 16 MENU TABMSGROW 21 MENU TIMEOUTROW 26 MENU COLOR BORDER 30;44 #00000000 #00000000 none MENU COLOR SCROLLBAR 30;44 #00000000 #00000000 none MENU COLOR TITLE 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none MENU COLOR SEL 30;47 #40000000 #20ffffff MENU BACKGROUND background.png NOESCAPE 0 ALLOWOPTIONS 0Kei te kōpaki
pxelinux.cfghanga he kōnaeav.confme te ihirangi
av.conf (Pāwhiritia hei whakaatu)DEFAULT vesamenu.c32 PROMPT 0 MENU TITLE Antivirus and tools MENU INCLUDE pxelinux.cfg/graphics.conf label main menu menu label return to main menu kernel vesamenu.c32 append pxelinux.cfg/default label drweb menu label DrWeb kernel memdisk append iso raw initrd=isodrweb.iso label eset menu label Eset kernel memdisk append iso raw initrd=isoeset_sysrescue.iso label kav menu label KAV Rescue CD KERNEL kav/rescue APPEND initrd=kav/rescue.igz root=live rootfstype=auto vga=791 init=/init kav_lang=ru udev liveimg doscsi nomodeset quiet splash #Загружаем ISO по полному пути, можно загружать с другого TFTP label winpe menu label WinPE from another TFTP kernel sccm2012.test.local::smsbootx86memdisk append iso raw initrd=sccm2012.test.local::smsbootx86isoWinPE_RaSla.iso label clonezilla menu label Clonezilla kernel memdisk append iso raw initrd=isoclonezilla.iso - Ko te mutunga, kei roto i te raarangi c:remoteinstallsmsbootx86 te hanganga
c:remoteinstallsmsbootx86
pxelinux.cfgmekameka.c32
ldlinux.c32
libcom32.c32
libutil.c32
pxechn.c32
vesamenu.c32
pxelinux.com
papamuri.png
pxelinux.cfg
pxelinux.cfg
pxelinux.cfg
ISO
abortpxe.0
wdsnbp.com
bootmgfw.efi
wdsmgfw.efi
bootmgr.exe
pxeboot.n12
pxeboot.com
abortpxe.comTaunoa
av.conf
whakairoiro.conf
*.iso - Mo te hoahoanga x64, he rite taatau ki te kape me te hanga i taua hanganga i roto i te kōpaki
c:remoteinstallsmsbootx64
Tāpiri
Ina whakamahi i te whakahaumenu PASSWDKa taea te tautuhi i te kupuhipa kia rite tonu, ka whakamahi ranei i te hashing algorithm ma te taapiri i te hainatanga i te timatanga o te tawhāAlgorithm
WaitohuMD5
$ 1 $SHA-1
$ 4 $SHA-2-256
$ 5 $SHA-2-512
$ 6 $Na mo te kupuhipa
Qwertyme te MD5 algorithmmenu PASSWD $1$15opgKTx$dP/IaLNiCbfECiC2KPkDC0Ka taea e koe te whakaputa i te kupuhipa, hei tauira, na roto i te kaihanga hash online , raina
MD5(Unix)
2. Whakaritea te PXELinux boot
Inaianei ka tohu maatau me pehea te uta i te pxelinux.com me te tiki i te tahua.
Ko te tautuhi i te pxelinux.com bootloader ma te taumahinga WDS kaore e mahi i roto i te SCCM. Tirohia nga Tono
wdsutil /set-server /bootprogram:bootx86pxeboot.com /architecture:x86
kaore e tukatukahia. Ka taea e koe te manatoko karekau nga whakaahua whawhai i whakaritea ma te whakahaere i te whakahau whirihoranga tūmau WDS putanga
wdsutil /get-server /show:images
No reira, i te SCCM 2012, kaore e taea e koe te tautuhi i to konae mo te tango PXE ki te kaiwhakarato SMSPXE. Na reira, ka whirihorahia e matou te waahi kaha o te tūmau DHCP.
I roto i nga tawhā o te rohe kaha DHCP, whakaturia nga tawhā rite ki te pereti
Kōwhiringa DHCP
Ingoa paramameter
uara
066
Whakaara ingoa kaihautū tūmau
sccm2012.test.local
067
Ingoa Bootfile
smsbootx86pxelinux.com
006
Tūmau DNS
192.168.57.10
015
Ingoa Rohe DNS
whakamātautau.rohe
I roto i te kōwhiringa 066 ka tohua e matou te ingoa FQDN o te tūmau sccm, i te kōwhiringa 067 ka tohua e matou te ara ki te x86 bootloader pxelinux.com timata mai i te pakiaka TFTP, i te waahanga 006 ka tohua e matou te wahitau IP o te tūmau DNS. Mēnā ka whakamahia he ingoa tūmau poto i te kōwhiringa 066, i te kōwhiringa 015 ka tohua te kūmuri DNS o te rohe.
Tāpiri
I whakaahuahia te whirihoranga DHCP i roto i nga korero taipitopito . Engari i rungaDCKo te kōwhiringa 150, te wāhitau IP tūmau TFTP, i ngaro mai i nga tautuhinga hōkai DHCP, me te tautuhi i te kōwhiringa 150 mā netsh kaore i mahi.
3. Te tirotiro mahi
Kua oti nga tautuhinga taketake ka taea e koe te timata ki te tirotiro. Ka tohuhia e matou i runga i te rorohiko whakamatautau i te BIOS ka utaina ki runga i te whatunga ka utaina ki te tahua
Tīpakohia te tūemi «Start to SCCM» a, ki te tautapahia he raupapa mahi ki te rorohiko, katahi ka puta te matapihi "Ruanuku Raupapa Mahi" e akiaki ana koe ki te whakauru kupuhipa
Ka whakaara ano i te miihini, ka hoki ki te tahua, tohua ki te tahua «Antivirus and tools» ka tomo i te kupuhipa Qwerty
Ka kowhiria e matou tetahi mea noa ka tirohia te utaina o te ahua ISO ki te mahara
Te tatari me te kite i te hua
Kua oti te manatoko
4. Tautuhinga taapiri me nga ahuatanga
Tatūnga ararere
Mena ko te kiritaki, te tūmau DHCP me te tūmau kei roto i te utauta whatunga kei roto i te waahanga whatunga kotahi, kaore he whirihoranga taapiri e hiahiatia. Heoi, ki te noho te kiritaki me te tūmau DHCP, te tūmau WDS/SCCM rānei i runga i ngā wāhanga whatunga rerekē, e tūtohu ana kia whirihorahia e koe ō pouara hei tuku i ngā pākete pāho mai i te kiritaki ki te tūmau DHCP hohe me te tūmau WDS/SCCM hohe. I roto i nga tuhinga Ingarihi, e mohiotia ana tenei tukanga ko "IP Helper table updates". I roto i tenei take, te kiritaki, i muri i te whiwhi i te wāhitau IP, whakapā atu ki te tūmau kei roto i te kaituku whatunga tika mā ngā pākete DHCP ki te tiki i te kaituku whatunga.
Mo nga pouara Cisco, whakamahia te whakahau
ip helper-address {ip address}
te wahi {ip address} DHCP tūmau WDS/SCCM wāhitau tūmau ranei. Ka tukuna ano e tenei tono nga paanui UDP e whai ake nei
Tauranga
Tuhinga
69
TFTP
53
Pūnaha Ingoa Rohe (DNS)
37
Ratonga wa
137
NetBIOS Ingoa Tūmau
138
Tūmau Raraunga NetBIOS
67
Kawa Bootstrap (BOOTP)
49
TACACS
Ko te tikanga tuarua mo te kiritaki ki te tiki korero mo te kaikawe whatunga tika mai i te tūmau DHCP ko te tohu i nga whiringa 60,66,67 i runga i te tūmau DHCP. Te whakamahi i te kōwhiringa DHCP 60 me te uara «PXEClient» ki nga awhi DHCP katoa, mena ka whakahaerehia te tūmau DHCP ki runga i te tūmau rite ki nga Ratonga Whakamahinga Windows. I tenei take, ka korero tika te kiritaki ki te tūmau Windows Deployment Services ma te whakamahi i te TFTP i runga i te tauranga UDP 4011 hei utu mo te whakamahi i te DHCP. Karekau tenei tikanga i te taunakitia e Microsoft na te mea ko nga take e pa ana ki te whakataurite kawenga, te he o te whakahaere i nga whiringa DHCP me nga whiringa whakautu a Windows Deployment Services i te taha o te kiritaki. A na te mea e rua noa nga whiringa DHCP 66 me te 67 ka taea e koe te karo i nga tawhā kua whakaritea ki te tūmau whawhai whatunga.
Me whakatuwhera ano e koe nga tauranga UDP e whai ake nei i runga i te tūmau Windows Deployment Services
tauranga 67 (DHCP)
tauranga 69 (TFTP)
tauranga 4011 (PXE)
me te tauranga 68 mena ka hiahiatia te whakamanatanga DHCP i runga i te tūmau.
I roto i nga korero taipitopito, ko te tukanga whirihoranga me nga ahuatanga o te hurihanga i waenga i nga momo tūmau WDS e whakaahuahia ana i raro i nga puna:
Te whakahaere kaupapa whawhai whatunga
Whakahaere Tūmau
Nga rohe tautoko a Microsoft Product Support Services (PSS) mo te whakaoho whatunga Microsoft Windows Preinstallation Environment (Windows PE) 2.0
Me pehea te tuku whakamua UDP (BOOTP / DHCP) ki runga Cisco
Nga ahuatanga o te mahi me te whirihoranga o te DHCP i runga i nga pouara Cisco (Wahanga 2)
Ko etahi atu whiringa mo te tango a rohe
I runga i te taiao whakamatautau, ko te whakahau
localboot 0 homai he he pera
Ka whai mai i nga tuhinga syslinux i te wa
localboot 0ka haere te uta mai i te kōpae paetata. A, i te wa e tohu ana i te uara motuhake 0x00 mai i te kōpae pīngore tuatahi (tuatahi), ina tohua te 0x80 mai i te kōpae mārō tuatahi (tuatahi). Ma te huri i te whakahau ki
localboot 0x80 kua utaina te OS rohe.
Mena he hiahia ki te whawhai mai i tetahi kōpae, wehewehenga, whakahau ranei localboot kaore e mahi, katahi ka taea e koe te whakamahi i nga kaha o te waahanga chain.c32. Whai muri i te utaina, whakamahia te tono taapiri hei tohu i tetahi kōpae motuhake, wehewehe kōpae ranei, ka timata te nama kōpae mai i te 0, ka timata te nama wehewehenga mai i te 1. Mena kua tohua te wehewehenga 0, ka utaina te MBR. Ina tohua he kōpae, ka taea te whakakore i te wehenga.
KERNEL chain.c32
APPEND hd0 0ranei
KERNEL chain.c32
APPEND hd0
Kaupapa:
Te raupapa me te whakaahuatanga mo te tango i nga konae ma te PXE
Ka rite ki te korero i te timatanga o te tuhinga, ko te raarangi kei reira nga konae WDS mo te tango kei roto i te uara o te tawhā. RootFolder i te peka rehita HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetservicesWDSServerProvidersWDSTFTP
Uara taunoa C:RemoteInstall
Tenei i roto i te tawhā ReadFilter kua tohua nga raarangi ki te waahi e rapu ana te tūmau TFTP i nga konae hei tango, timata mai i te pakiaka. Na te SCCM 2012 SP1 kua whakauruhia, ko tenei tautuhinga
boot*
tmp*
SMSBoot*
SMSTemp*
SMSImages*
Mena ka huri koe i te uara tawhā ki * katahi ka tukatukahia nga konae katoa kei roto i te raarangi RemoteInstall.
Ko te mahi ira tukunga SCCM 2012 kua tohua ki te uara rehita ProvidersOrderkei roto i te peka HKLMSystemCurrentControlSetWDSServerProvidersWDSPXE
Taumahi ProvidersOrder ka taea te tango uara
SMSPXE
Tohu ratonga PXE i SCCM
SMS.PXE.Tatari
Kaihautuu tuhinga PXE mai i MDT (Microsoft Deployment Toolkit)
BINLSVC
Paerewa WDS me te miihini RIS
Ki te tāuta SCCM, te tawhā ProvidersOrder take SMSPXE. Ma te huri i te tawhā, ka taea e koe te whakarereke i te raupapa e utaina ai nga kaiwhakarato.
I roto i te pukapuka RemoteInstall kei nga konae paerewa e whai ake nei
wdsnbp.com
He papatono whakaoho whatunga i hangaia mo nga Ratonga Whakamahinga Windows e mahi ana i nga mahi e whai ake nei:
1. Te kitenga hoahoanga.
2. Te tiaki rorohiko tatari. Ina whakahohea te kaupapa here taapiri-aunoa, ka tukuna tenei kaupapa whawhai whatunga ki nga rorohiko e tatari ana kia whakatarewahia te whawhai whatunga me te whakamohio ki te tūmau mo te hoahoanga o te rorohiko kiritaki.
3. Te whakamahi i nga hononga whawhai whatunga (tae atu ki te whakamahi i nga whiringa DHCP 66 me 67)
PXEboot.com
(Taunoa) Me pehi te kaiwhakamahi ki te F12 kia haere tonu te whawhai whatunga
PXEboot.n12
Kaore e hiahia ana te kaiwhakamahi ki te pehi i te paatene F12 ka tiimata tonu te whakaoho whatunga
AbortPXE.com
Ka pekehia te rorohiko ma te whakamahi i te mea whawhai i muri mai i te BIOS me te kore e tatari
bootmgr.exe
Kaiwhakahaere Whakaara Windows (Bootmgr.exe or Bootmgr.efi). Ka utaina te bootloader Windows ma te whakamahi i te firmware mai i te wehewehenga kopae motuhake, i runga ranei i te hononga whatunga (mehemea he whawhai whatunga)
Bootmgfw.efi
Ko te putanga EFI o PXEboot.com me PXEboot.n12 (i roto i te EFI, ko te whiriwhiri ki te peke, ki te kore ranei ki te whawhai PXE kei roto i te anga EFI, ehara i te kaupapa whawhai whatunga). Ka whakakotahi a Bootmgfw.efi i nga kaha o PXEboot.com, PXEboot.n12, abortpxe.com, me bootmgr.exe. Kei te noho noa mo te x64 me nga hoahoanga Itanium.
Taunoa.bcd
Toa Raraunga Whirihoranga Whakaara (BCD), hōputu REGF, ka taea te uta ki REGEDIT, whakakapi i te konae kupu Boot.ini
Ko te uta ka puta i roto i te raupapa e whai ake nei i whakaahuatia i runga ake nei
1. Utaina wdsnbp.com.
2. I muri mai, ka utaina te pxeboot.com o te hoahoanga e tika ana
3. Ka tango a PXEBoot.com i te bootmgr.exe me te toa raraunga whirihoranga whawhai BCD
4. Ka panuihia e Bootmgr.exe nga whakaurunga punaha whakahaere raraunga whirihoranga whawhai BCD ka utaina te konae Boot.sdi me te ahua Windows PE (boot.wim)
5. Ka timata a Bootmgr.exe ki te uta Windows PE ma te uru atu ki Winload.exe i te ahua Windows PE
Mena kei roto RemoteInstall he kōpaki
Boot
Images
Mgmt
Templates
Tmp
WdsClientUnattend Ko te tikanga i mua i te taapiri i te waahi tohatoha i roto i te SCCM 2012 (nga tohu ratonga PXE i SCCM 2007), he mahinga whirihoranga i runga i te Windows Deployment Services (WDS) kua oti te hanga i enei kōpaki.
Mo te mahi ira toha (PXE service point in SCCM 2007), ko nga kōpaki e whai ake nei e ranea ana
SMSBoot
SMSIMAGES
SMSTemp
StoresEhara i te mea he he te whakaurunga o te SCCM, engari ka tohu pea ki tetahi puna hapa.
Ko te otinga o nga momo raru o te paihere WDS, SCCM me PXE ka tino korerohia i roto i te tuhinga.
Ko te hua
Ko nga hanganga IT e whakahaerehia ana e te Kaiwhakahaere Whirihoranga Pokapū Pūnaha kua taapirihia he taputapu hou mo nga kaiwhakahaere punaha mara.
Rarangi hononga ki nga whakaahua ISO (Patohia ki te whakaatu)
Mauruuru koe mo to aro!
Source: will.com