L-istorja bdiet żmien twil ilu, lura meta Centos 7 (RHEL 7) ġie rilaxxat. Jekk użajt encryption fuq drives b'Centos 6, allura ma kien hemm l-ebda problemi bil-ftuħ awtomatiku ta 'drives meta kkonnettja USB flash drive biċ-ċwievet meħtieġa. Madankollu, meta nħareġ 7, f'daqqa waħda kollox ma ħademx kif kont imdorri. Imbagħad kien possibbli li tinstab soluzzjoni biex tirritorna dracut lil sysvinit billi tuża linja sempliċi fil-konfigurazzjoni: echo 'omit_dracutmodules+=" systemd "' > /etc/dracut.conf.d/luks-workaround.conf
Li immedjatament ċaħħadna mis-sbuħija kollha ta 'systemd - tnedija veloċi u parallela ta' servizzi tas-sistema, li naqqsu b'mod sinifikanti l-ħin tal-istartjar tas-sistema.
L-affarijiet għadhom hemm:
Mingħajr ma stennejt soluzzjoni, għamiltha għalija nnifsi, u issa qed naqsamha mal-pubbliku, li huwa interessat, aqra.
Introduzzjoni
Systemd, meta bdejt naħdem ma 'Centos 7, ma kkawża l-ebda emozzjonijiet, peress li apparti bidla żgħira fis-sintassi tal-ġestjoni tas-servizz, ma ħassejtx ħafna differenza għall-ewwel. Sussegwentement, għoġobni systemd, iżda l-ewwel impressjoni kienet xi ftit mħassra, peress li l-iżviluppaturi tad-dracut ma qattgħux ħafna ħin biex jappoġġjaw il-proċess tal-boot bl-użu ta 'systemd flimkien mal-kriptaġġ tad-disk. B'mod ġenerali, ħadem, iżda d-dħul tal-password tad-diska kull darba li jibda s-server mhix l-aktar ħaġa interessanti.
Wara li ppruvajt mazz ta 'rakkomandazzjonijiet u studjajt il-manwal, indunajt li fil-konfigurazzjoni tal-mod systemd ma' USB hija possibbli, iżda biss b'assoċjazzjoni manwali ta 'kull disk ma' ċavetta fuq disk USB, u d-disk USB innifsu jista 'jkun assoċjat biss minn tiegħu. UUID, LABEL ma ħadmux. Ma tantx kien konvenjenti li nżommu dan id-dar, għalhekk fl-aħħar mort nistenna u, wara li stennejt għal kważi 7 snin, indunajt li ħadd ma kien se jsolvi l-problema.
Problemi
Ovvjament, kważi kulħadd jista 'jikteb il-plugin tiegħu stess għal dracut, iżda li jagħmilha taħdem m'għadhiex daqshekk faċli. Irriżulta li minħabba n-natura parallela tal-istartjar systemd, mhuwiex daqshekk faċli li tinkludi l-kodiċi tiegħek u tbiddel il-progress tat-tagħbija. Id-dokumentazzjoni għal dracut ma spjegatx kollox. Madankollu, wara esperimenti twal, stajt insolvi l-problema.
Kif taħdem
Hija bbażata fuq tliet unitajiet:
- luks-auto-key.service - tfittxijiet għal drives biċ-ċwievet għal LUKS
- luks-auto.target - taġixxi bħala dipendenza għal unitajiet integrati systemd-cryptsetup
- luks-auto-clean.service - inaddaf fajls temporanji maħluqa minn luks-auto-key.service
U luks-auto-generator.sh huwa skript li huwa mniedi minn systemd u jiġġenera unitajiet ibbażati fuq parametri tal-qalba. Ġeneraturi simili huma maħluqa minn unitajiet fstab, eċċ.
luks-auto-generator.sh
Bl-użu drop-in.conf, l-imġieba ta 'systemd-cryptsetup standard tinbidel billi żżid luks-auto.target mad-dipendenza tagħhom.
luks-auto-key.service u luks-auto-key.sh
Din l-unità tħaddem l-iskript luks-auto-key.sh, li, ibbażat fuq iċ-ċwievet rd.luks.*, isib midja biċ-ċwievet u tikkopjahom f'direttorju temporanju għal aktar użu. Wara li jitlesta l-proċess, iċ-ċwievet jitħassru mid-direttorju temporanju minn luks-auto-clean.service.
Sorsi:
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/module-setup.sh
#!/bin/bash
check () {
if ! dracut_module_included "systemd"; then
"luks-auto needs systemd in the initramfs"
return 1
fi
return 255
}
depends () {
echo "systemd"
return 0
}
install () {
inst "$systemdutildir/systemd-cryptsetup"
inst_script "$moddir/luks-auto-generator.sh" "$systemdutildir/system-generators/luks-auto-generator.sh"
inst_script "$moddir/luks-auto-key.sh" "/etc/systemd/system/luks-auto-key.sh"
inst_script "$moddir/luks-auto.sh" "/etc/systemd/system/luks-auto.sh"
inst "$moddir/luks-auto.target" "${systemdsystemunitdir}/luks-auto.target"
inst "$moddir/luks-auto-key.service" "${systemdsystemunitdir}/luks-auto-key.service"
inst "$moddir/luks-auto-clean.service" "${systemdsystemunitdir}/luks-auto-clean.service"
ln_r "${systemdsystemunitdir}/luks-auto.target" "${systemdsystemunitdir}/initrd.target.wants/luks-auto.target"
ln_r "${systemdsystemunitdir}/luks-auto-key.service" "${systemdsystemunitdir}/initrd.target.wants/luks-auto-key.service"
ln_r "${systemdsystemunitdir}/luks-auto-clean.service" "${systemdsystemunitdir}/initrd.target.wants/luks-auto-clean.service"
}
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/luks-auto-generator.sh
#!/bin/sh
# -*- mode: shell-script; indent-tabs-mode: nil; sh-basic-offset: 4; -*-
# ex: ts=8 sw=4 sts=4 et filetype=sh
. /lib/dracut-lib.sh
SYSTEMD_RUN='/run/systemd/system'
CRYPTSETUP='/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-cryptsetup'
TOUT=$(getargs rd.luks.key.tout)
if [ ! -z "$TOUT" ]; then
mkdir -p "${SYSTEMD_RUN}/luks-auto-key.service.d"
cat > "${SYSTEMD_RUN}/luks-auto-key.service.d/drop-in.conf" <<EOF
[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/sleep $TOUT
EOF
fi
mkdir -p "$SYSTEMD_RUN/luks-auto.target.wants"
for argv in $(getargs rd.luks.uuid -d rd_LUKS_UUID); do
_UUID=${argv#luks-}
_UUID_ESC=$(systemd-escape -p $_UUID)
mkdir -p "${SYSTEMD_RUN}/systemd-cryptsetup@luksx2d${_UUID_ESC}.service.d"
cat > "${SYSTEMD_RUN}/systemd-cryptsetup@luksx2d${_UUID_ESC}.service.d/drop-in.conf" <<EOF
[Unit]
After=luks-auto.target
ConditionPathExists=!/dev/mapper/luks-${_UUID}
EOF
cat > "${SYSTEMD_RUN}/luks-auto@${_UUID_ESC}.service" <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=luks-auto Cryptography Setup for %I
DefaultDependencies=no
Conflicts=umount.target
IgnoreOnIsolate=true
Before=luks-auto.target
BindsTo=dev-disk-byx2duuid-${_UUID_ESC}.device
After=dev-disk-byx2duuid-${_UUID_ESC}.device luks-auto-key.service
Before=umount.target
[Service]
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes
TimeoutSec=0
ExecStart=/etc/systemd/system/luks-auto.sh ${_UUID}
ExecStop=$CRYPTSETUP detach 'luks-${_UUID}'
Environment=DRACUT_SYSTEMD=1
StandardInput=null
StandardOutput=syslog
StandardError=syslog+console
EOF
ln -fs ${SYSTEMD_RUN}/luks-auto@${_UUID_ESC}.service $SYSTEMD_RUN/luks-auto.target.wants/luks-auto@${_UUID_ESC}.service
done
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/luks-auto-key.service
[Unit]
Description=LUKS AUTO key searcher
After=cryptsetup-pre.target
Before=luks-auto.target
DefaultDependencies=no
[Service]
Environment=DRACUT_SYSTEMD=1
Type=oneshot
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/sleep 1
ExecStart=/etc/systemd/system/luks-auto-key.sh
RemainAfterExit=true
StandardInput=null
StandardOutput=syslog
StandardError=syslog+console
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/luks-auto-key.sh
#!/bin/sh
# -*- mode: shell-script; indent-tabs-mode: nil; sh-basic-offset: 4; -*-
# ex: ts=8 sw=4 sts=4 et filetype=sh
export DRACUT_SYSTEMD=1
. /lib/dracut-lib.sh
MNT_B="/tmp/luks-auto"
ARG=$(getargs rd.luks.key)
IFS=$':' _t=(${ARG})
KEY=${_t[0]}
F_FIELD=''
F_VALUE=''
if [ ! -z $KEY ] && [ ! -z ${_t[1]} ];then
IFS=$'=' _t=(${_t[1]})
F_FIELD=${_t[0]}
F_VALUE=${_t[1]}
F_VALUE="${F_VALUE%"}"
F_VALUE="${F_VALUE#"}"
fi
mkdir -p $MNT_B
finding_luks_keys(){
local _DEVNAME=''
local _UUID=''
local _TYPE=''
local _LABEL=''
local _MNT=''
local _KEY="$1"
local _F_FIELD="$2"
local _F_VALUE="$3"
local _RET=0
blkid -s TYPE -s UUID -s LABEL -u filesystem | grep -v -E -e "TYPE=".*_member"" -e "TYPE="crypto_.*"" -e "TYPE="swap"" | while IFS=$'' read -r _line; do
IFS=$':' _t=($_line);
_DEVNAME=${_t[0]}
_UUID=''
_TYPE=''
_LABEL=''
_MNT=''
IFS=$' ' _t=(${_t[1]});
for _a in "${_t[@]}"; do
IFS=$'=' _v=(${_a});
temp="${_v[1]%"}"
temp="${temp#"}"
case ${_v[0]} in
'UUID')
_UUID=$temp
;;
'TYPE')
_TYPE=$temp
;;
'LABEL')
_LABEL=$temp
;;
esac
done
if [ ! -z "$_F_FIELD" ];then
case $_F_FIELD in
'UUID')
[ ! -z "$_F_VALUE" ] && [ "$_UUID" != "$_F_VALUE" ] && continue
;;
'LABEL')
[ ! -z "$_F_VALUE" ] && [ "$_LABEL" != "$_F_VALUE" ] && continue
;;
*)
[ "$_DEVNAME" != "$_F_FIELD" ] && continue
;;
esac
fi
_MNT=$(findmnt -n -o TARGET $_DEVNAME)
if [ -z "$_MNT" ]; then
_MNT=${MNT_B}/KEY-${_UUID}
mkdir -p "$_MNT" && mount -o ro "$_DEVNAME" "$_MNT"
_RET=$?
else
_RET=0
fi
if [ "${_RET}" -eq 0 ] && [ -f "${_MNT}/${_KEY}" ]; then
cp "${_MNT}/${_KEY}" "$MNT_B/${_UUID}.key"
info "Found ${_MNT}/${_KEY} on ${_UUID}"
fi
if [[ "${_MNT}" =~ "${MNT_B}" ]]; then
umount "$_MNT" && rm -rfd --one-file-system "$_MNT"
fi
done
return 0
}
finding_luks_keys $KEY $F_FIELD $F_VALUE
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/luks-auto.target
[Unit]
Description=LUKS AUTO target
After=systemd-readahead-collect.service systemd-readahead-replay.service
After=cryptsetup-pre.target luks-auto-key.service
Before=cryptsetup.target
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/luks-auto.sh
#!/bin/sh
# -*- mode: shell-script; indent-tabs-mode: nil; sh-basic-offset: 4; -*-
# ex: ts=8 sw=4 sts=4 et filetype=sh
export DRACUT_SYSTEMD=1
. /lib/dracut-lib.sh
MNT_B="/tmp/luks-auto"
CRYPTSETUP='/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-cryptsetup'
for i in $(ls -p $MNT_B | grep -v /);do
info "Trying $i on $1..."
$CRYPTSETUP attach "luks-$1" "/dev/disk/by-uuid/$1" $MNT_B/$i 'tries=1'
if [ "$?" -eq "0" ]; then
info "Found $i for $1"
exit 0
fi
done
warn "No key found for $1. Fallback to passphrase mode."
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/luks-auto-clean.service
[Unit]
Description=LUKS AUTO key cleaner
After=cryptsetup.target
DefaultDependencies=no
[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/usr/bin/rm -rfd --one-file-system /tmp/luks-auto
/etc/dracut.conf.d/luks-auto.conf
add_dracutmodules+=" luks-auto "
Installazzjoni
mkdir -p /usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/
# размещаем тут почти все файлы
chmod +x /usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/99luks-auto/*.sh
# создаем файл /etc/dracut.conf.d/luks-auto.conf
# И генерируем новый initramfs
dracut -f
Konklużjoni
Għall-konvenjenza, żammejt kompatibilità mal-għażliet tal-linja tal-kmand tal-kernel bħal għall-mod sysvinit, li jagħmilha aktar faċli biex tużah f'installazzjonijiet anzjani.
Sors: www.habr.com