á€áá±á¬ááºážáá«ážááááºááœááºáá»ááºááŸá¬ Microsoft Windows Server 2016/2019 ááá¯á¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯á VXLAN BGP EVPN ááŸáá·áº DFA áááºá¡ááœáẠDHCP áááºáá±á¬ááºááŸá¯áááœá²á·á ááºážáá¯á¶ááᯠááá¯ážááŸááºážá á±áááºááŒá áºáááºá
ááá¬ážáááºá
á¬ááœááºá
á¬áááºážááœááºá á¡áááºá¡ááœáẠMicrosoft Windows Server 2012 áá±á«áºá¡ááŒá±áá¶á DHCP áááºáá±á¬ááºááŸá¯ááᯠLoopback áá±áá°ážáááºáá«ááŸááá±á¬ SuperScope á¡ááŒá
áºáááºááŸááºáá¬ážáá«áááºá áá±áá°ážáááº)) ááŸáá·áº á
á
áºááŸááºáá±á¬ááœááºáááºáá»á¬ážá¡ááœáẠIP ááááºá
á¬áá»á¬ážáá¯ááºáá±ážááŒááºážááá¯ááºáá¬áá°ážááœá²áá»á¬áž (á€áá±áá¬ááœáẠáá®ážáá±á¬ááºážááá¯ážááŒáá¬ážááẠ- áá°áá«áááᯠá
á®á
ááºáááºááŸááºáá¬ážááẠ- áááºážááœáẠDHCP Relay Circuit ID ááᯠá
á
áºáá¯ááºááŒá®áž ဠDHCP áááºááá·áºááá¯ááºáááºáááºážááŒá±á¬ááºáž ID ááœáẠááœááºáááºá¡ááœáẠVNI áá«ááŸááááºá ááá¯ááá¯áááºááŸá¬ ဠDHCP Relay á¡ááŒá¬ážá¡á¯ááºá
á¯á¡ááœáẠCircuit ID á¡áááºážáááºááœá²ááŒá¬ážáá«áááºá)
To configure DHCP on Windows server.
1. Create a super scope. Within the super scope, create scope B, S1, S2, S3, âŠ, Sn for the subnet B and the subnets for each segment.
2. In scope B, specify the 'Exclusion Range' to be the entire address range (so that the offered address range must not be from this scope).
3. For every segment scope Si, specify a policy that matches on Agent Circuit ID with value of '0108000600XXXXXX', where '0108000600' is a fixed value for all segments, the 6 numbers "XXXXXX" is the segment ID value in hexadecimal. Also ensure to check the Append wildcard(*) check box.
4. Set the policy address range to the entire range of the scope.á€áá±á¬ááºážáá«ážááœáẠá¡á±á¬ááºáá«áá±ážááœááºážáá»á¬ážá¡ááœáẠá¡ááŒá±áá»á¬áž áá«ááŸááááºá
á¡ááŒá±á¬ááºážá¡áá¬
-
- ( & )
-
-
áááá«ááºáž
á€á¡ááá¯ááºážááẠáááŠážáá±áá¬á¡á¬ážáá¯á¶ážááᯠá¡ááá¯áá»á¯á¶ážáá±á¬áºááŒáá¬ážáááº- ááœááºáááºá
ááºáá
á¹á
ááºážáá»á¬ážááᯠááŒááºáááºáááºááŸááºááŒááºážááá¯ááºáᬠáááºážááœáŸááºáá»ááºáá»á¬ážá eVPN á
ááºáá¯á¶áá»á¬ážááŸá DHCP áá¯ááºááá¯ážááŸá¯áá»á¬ážááœáẠá¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯ááá·áº RFC áá»á¬ážá Cisco á
á¬ááœááºá
á¬áááºážáá»á¬ážááœáẠMicrosoft Windows Server 2012 ááŸá DHCP áá¬áá¬áááºáááºáá»á¬ážá ááá·áºáá²ááŒá±á¬ááºážáá²ááŸá¯áá»á¬ážááᯠááá¯ážáá¬ážáááºá¡ááœáẠáá¶á·ááá¯ážáá±ážáá¬ážáááºá Microsoft Windows Servers áá»á¬ážááŸá DHCP áááºáá±á¬ááºááŸá¯ááŸá Superscope ááŸáá·áº Policy ááá¯ááºáᬠá¡áá»ááºážáá»á¯ááºá¡áá»ááºá¡áááºáá»á¬ážá
VXLAN BGP EVPNá DFA áááºáá±á«áºááœáẠDHCP Relay ááᯠáááºááá¯ááŒááºáááºááá²á
VXLAN BGP EVPN áááºáá±á«áºááœáẠDHCP Relay ááá¯ááŒááºáááºááŒááºážááẠá¡áá±á¬áºáá±ážááá¯ážááŸááºážáá±á¬ááŒá±á¬áá·áº á€áá±á¬ááºážáá«ážáá¡áááá¡ááŒá±á¬ááºážá¡áá¬ááá¯ááºáá«á áá»áœááºá¯ááºááẠááœááºáááºá ááºáá á¹á ááºážááŸá áááºáááºáá»á¬ážááœáẠá á¬ááœááºá á¬áááºážáá»á¬ážááŸáá·áº áá»áááºáááºááŸá¯áá»á¬ážááᯠáá¶á·ááá¯ážáá±ážáá«áááºá
Nexus 9000V v9.2(3) ááœáẠDHCP Relay ááᯠá áá áºááá·áºááœááºážááŒááºáž á¥ááá¬
service dhcp
ip dhcp relay
ip dhcp relay information option
ip dhcp relay information option vpn
interface loopback10
vrf member VRF1
ip address 10.120.0.1/32 tag 1234567
interface Vlan12
no shutdown
vrf member VRF1
no ip redirects
ip address 10.120.251.1/24 tag 1234567
no ipv6 redirects
fabric forwarding mode anycast-gateway
ip dhcp relay address 10.0.0.5
ip dhcp relay source-interface loopback10
VXLAN BGP EVPN á¡áááºáá»á¬ážááœáẠDHCP Relay áááºáá±á¬ááºááŸá¯á áááºáááºááŸá¯ááœáẠá¡áá±á¬ááºá¡áááºáá±á¬áºááá·áº RFC áá»á¬áž
RFC#6607- ááœá²ááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯ 151(0x97) - Virtual Subnet ááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯
⢠Sub-option 151(0x97) - Virtual Subnet Selection (Defined in RFC#6607)
Used to convey VRF related information to the DHCP server in an MPLS-VPN and VXLAN EVPN multi-tenant environment.áá±á¬ááºáááºáááºááŸááá¬ááᯠááá¯á·ááœáŸááºááá·áº VRF á "á¡áááº"á
RFC#5107- ááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯ááœá² 11(0xb) - áá¬áᬠID ááᯠá¡á á¬ážááá¯ážáá«á
⢠Sub-option 11(0xb) - Server ID Override (Defined in RFC#5107.)
The server identifier (server ID) override sub-option allows the DHCP relay agent to specify a new value for the server ID option, which is inserted by the DHCP server in the reply packet. This sub-option allows the DHCP relay agent to act as the actual DHCP server such that the renew requests will come to the relay agent rather than the DHCP server directly. The server ID override sub-option contains the incoming interface IP address, which is the IP address on the relay agent that is accessible from the client. Using this information, the DHCP client sends all renew and release request packets to the relay agent. The relay agent adds all of the appropriate sub-options and then forwards the renew and release request packets to the original DHCP server. For this function, Ciscoâs proprietary implementation is sub-option 152(0x98). You can use the ip dhcp relay sub-option type cisco command to manage the function.á€ááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯ááœáẠá¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯áá¬ážáá±á¬ IP ááááºá á¬ááá¯á· ááŸá¬ážáááºážáá¬ážáá±á¬ ááááºá á¬ááᯠáááºáááºážááá¯ážááẠáá±á¬ááºážááá¯áá»ááºáá áºáᯠáá±ážááá¯á·ááŒá±á¬ááºáž áá±áá»á¬á á±ááẠá¡ááá¯áá«ááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯ááᯠá¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯áááºá (Cisco VXLAN BGP ááœááºá EVPN ááẠáá¯á¶ážá áœá²áá°á áá°áááºážáá¶áá«ážáá±á«áẠAnycast ááááºá á¬ááŒá áºáááºá)
RFC#3527- ááœá²ááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯ 5(0x5) - ááá·áºááºááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯
Sub-option 5(0x5) - Link Selection (Defined in RFC#3527.)
The link selection sub-option provides a mechanism to separate the subnet/link on which the DHCP client resides from the gateway address (giaddr), which can be used to communicate with the relay agent by the DHCP server. The relay agent will set the sub-option to the correct subscriber subnet and the DHCP server will use that value to assign an IP address rather than the giaddr value. The relay agent will set the giaddr to its own IP address so that DHCP messages are able to be forwarded over the network. For this function, Ciscoâs proprietary implementation is sub-option 150(0x96). You can use the ip dhcp relay sub-option type ciscocommand to manage the function.áá±á¬ááºáááºááẠIP ááááºá ᬠááá¯á¡ááºááá·áº ááœááºáááºáááááºá á¬á
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 ááœáẠDHCP ááᯠââconfigure áá¯ááºááŒááºážááá¯ááºáᬠCisco documentation á ááá·áºáá²ááŒá
áºá
ááº
áá±á¬ááºážáá»áá°áááºá០á¡ááŒá¯ááá±á¬áá±á¬ááºáá±á¬ áááºážááŒá±á¬ááºážáá áºáᯠááŸááá±áá±á¬ááŒá±á¬áá·áº á€ááá¹áááᯠáá»áœááºá¯áẠááá·áºááœááºážáá²á·áááº-
á á¬ááœááºá á¬áááºážááẠááœááºáááºá ááºáá á¹á ááºážáá»á¬ážááœáẠDHCP Relay ááᯠáááºááá¯á· configure áá¯ááºááááºááá¯áᬠááŒááá¬ážáááºá
Windows Server 2012 ááœáẠDHCP ááᯠââconfigure áá¯ááºááẠá¡ááŒá¬ážáá±á¬ááºážáá«ážááᯠá¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯áá²á·áááºá
á€áá±á¬ááºážáá«ážááœáẠááœááºáááº/VNI áá áºáá¯á á®ááẠáááºážáááá¯ááºááá¯áẠSuperScope á¡á á¯á¡áá±ážááŸáá·áº áááºážáááá¯ááºááá¯áẠLoopback ááááºá á¬áá»á¬ážá¡á á¯á¶ ááá¯á¡ááºááŒá±á¬ááºáž áá±á¬áºááŒáááº-
If multiple DHCP Scopes are required for multiple subnets, you need to create one LoopbackX per subnet/vlan on all LEAFS and create a superscope with a loopbackX range scope and actual client IP subnet scope per vlan.
ááœááºáááºáá á¹á ááºážáááááá¬áá»á¬ážááᯠá áá áºááá·áºááœááºážáááºá¡ááœáẠá á¬ááœááºá á¬áááºážááœáẠWindows 2012 áá¬áá¬áááºáááºáá»á¬ážááᯠááá·áºááœááºážáá¬ážáááºá á¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯áá¬ážáá±á¬ ááááºá á¬áá±á«ááºážá á¯áá»á¬ážá¡á¬ážáá¯á¶ážá¡ááœááºá áá±áá¬á ááºáá¬áá áºáá¯áá»áŸáẠSuperScope áá áºáᯠááá¯á¡ááºááŒá®áž ဠSuperScope ááẠáá±áá¬á ááºáá¬á áááºááááááºááŒá áºáááº-
Create Superscope for all scopes you want to use for Option 82-based policies.
Note
The Superscope should combine all scopes and act as the administrative boundary.
á¡áá¬á¡á¬ážáá¯á¶ážááᯠáááºááá¯ááá¯ááŸááºážááŒáááº
Let us assume the switch is using the address from subnet B (it can be the backbone subnet, management subnet, or any customer designated subnet for this purpose) to communicate with the Windows DHCP server. In DFA we have subnets S1, S2, S3, âŠ, Sn for segment s1, s2, s3, âŠ, sn.
To configure DHCP on Windows server.
1. Create a super scope. Within the super scope, create scope B, S1, S2, S3, âŠ, Sn for the subnet B and the subnets for each segment.
2. In scope B, specify the 'Exclusion Range' to be the entire address range (so that the offered address range must not be from this scope).
3. For every segment scope Si, specify a policy that matches on Agent Circuit ID with value of '0108000600XXXXXX', where '0108000600' is a fixed value for all segments, the 6 numbers "XXXXXX" is the segment ID value in hexadecimal. Also ensure to check the Append wildcard(*) check box.
4. Set the policy address range to the entire range of the scope.
Microsoft Windows Server ááœáẠDHCP (á á°áá«á áá¯ááºááŸáá·áº áá°áá«á)
Superscope is an administrative feature of a DHCP server that can be used to group multiple scopes as a single administrative entity. Superscope allows a DHCP server to provide leases from more than one scope to clients on a single physical network. Scopes added to a superscope are called member scopes.
SuperScope ááá¯áᬠáá¬áá² - áááºážááẠááá·áºá¡á¬áž á
á®áá¶ááá·áºááœá²áá±ážáá°áá
áºáá
áºáá¯ááœáẠIP ááááºá
á¬áá»á¬ážá
áœá¬ááᯠáá±á«ááºážá
ááºááá¯ááºá
á±ááá·áº áá¯ááºáá±á¬ááºááá¯ááºá
áœááºážáá
áºáá¯ááŒá
áºáááºá áá°áá®áá±á¬áá¯ááºááá¯ááºážááá¯ááºáá¬ááœááºááẠ(áá°áá®áá±á¬ VLAN ááœááº) á¡áá¯ááºáá®ááááºá
á¬áá»á¬ážááᯠáá±áá°ážáááºáá»á¬ážá
áœá¬á០áá¯á¶ážá
áœá²áá°áá»á¬ážá¡á¬áž ááŒá±á¬áºááŒá¬áááºá áá±á¬ááºážááá¯áá»ááºááẠSuperScope á áá
áºá
áááºáá
áºááá¯ááºážá¡áá±ááŒáá·áº ááááºá
á¬áá±á«ááºážá
á¯áá
áºáá¯ááá¯á· áá±á¬ááºáá¬áá«áá client á¡á¬áž ဠSuperScope ááœáẠáá«áááºáá±á¬ á¡ááŒá¬ážáá±á¬ Scope á០ááááºá
á¬áá
áºáᯠáá±ážááá¯ááºáá«áááºá
The DHCP Server role in Windows Server 2012 introduces a new feature that allows you to create IPv4 policies that specify custom IP address and option assignments for DHCP clients based on a set of conditions.
The policy based assignment (PBA) feature allows you to group DHCP clients by specific attributes based on fields contained in the DHCP client request packet. PBA enables targeted administration and greater control of the configuration parameters delivered to network devices with DHCP.
áá°áá«ááá»á¬áž - á¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯áá°á¡áá»áá¯ážá¡á
á¬áž ááá¯á·ááá¯áẠááá·áºáááºáá»ááºá¡áá±á«áºáá°áááºá á¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯áá°áá»á¬ážá¡á¬áž IP ááááºá
á¬áá»á¬ážááᯠáááºááŸááºááœáá·áºááŒá¯áááºá Cisco á¡ááºáá»ááºáá®áá¬áá»á¬ážááẠVNI (Virtual Network Identifier) ââááᯠá
á
áºáá¯ááºááẠWindows Server 2012 ááœáẠáá°áá«ááá»á¬ážááᯠá¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯áááºá
á¡ááá
á€ááá¹áááœáẠáá¯áá±ááááááºáá»á¬ážá áááºážááᯠá¡áááºááŒá±á¬áá·áº ááá¶á·ááá¯ážáááááºážá áááºááá¯á·áá¯ááºáá±á¬ááºáá¯á¶ (áá¯áá¹áááá±á)á á¡áááºá¡áá¬ááẠá¡áá
áºááŸáá·áº á€á¡áá
áºá áá»áœááºá¯ááºááá¯á·ááᯠáááºááá¯á·áá°áá®áá±ážáááºáááºážá
Microsoft Windows Server 2000/2003/2008 ááᯠá¡áááºááŒá±á¬áá·áº ááá¶á·ááá¯ážáááááºážá
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 ááŸáá·áº á¡á á±á¬ááá¯ááºážáá¬ážááŸááºážáá»á¬ážááẠááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯ 82 ááᯠááá¯ááºáá±á¬ááºááá¯ááºáá² ááŒááºáá¬ááá·áºáááºáááºááᯠááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯ 82 ááá«áá² áá±ážááá¯á·áááºá
- áááá¯ááºážááá·áºáá¶á០áá±á¬ááºážááá¯áá»ááºááᯠá¡áá¶ááœáŸáá·áºáá¯á¶ (DHCP Discover) ááá¯á· áá±ážááá¯á·áááºá
- á ááºáá á¹á ááºáž (Nexus) ááẠáááºáááºááᯠDHCP áá¬áᬠ(DHCP Discover + Option 82) ááá¯á· ááá¯á·áá±ážáááºá
- DHCP áá¬áá¬ááẠáááºáááºááᯠáááºáá¶áááŸááááºá áááºážááᯠáá¯ááºáá±á¬ááºááŒá®áž ááŒááºááá¯á·áááºá ááá¯á·áá±á¬áº ááœá±ážáá»ááºááœáá·áº 82 áááŸááá²á (DHCP áááºážááŸááºážáá»áẠâ ááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯ 82 ááá«áá²)
- á ááºáá á¹á ááºáž (Nexus) ááẠDHCP áá¬áá¬á០áááºáááºáá áºáá¯ááᯠáááºáá¶áááŸáááẠá (DHCP áááºážááŸááºážáá»ááº) ááá¯á·áá±á¬áº á€áááºáááºááᯠáá±á¬ááºáá¯á¶ážá¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯áá°áᶠáááá¯á·áá«á
Sniffer data - Windows Server 2008 ááŸáá·áº DHCP client ááœááºWindows Server 2008 ááẠááœááºáááºá ááºáá á¹á ááºážáá»á¬ážá០áá±á¬ááºážááá¯áá»ááºááᯠáááºáá¶áááŸááááºá (ááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯ 82 áááºá á¬áááºážááœááºáá«ááŸááááº)
Windows Server 2008 ááẠááœááºáááºá
ááºáá
á¹á
ááºážáá»á¬ážááá¯á· áá¯á¶á·ááŒááºááŸá¯ááᯠáá±ážááá¯á·áááºá (ááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯ 82 ááᯠáááºáá±á·áá»áºááœáẠááœá±ážáá»ááºá
áá¬á¡ááŒá
Ạááá±á¬áºááŒáá¬ážáá«)
áá¯á¶ážá
áœá²áá°áá¶á០áá±á¬ááºážááá¯áá»áẠ- DHCP Discover ááŸáááŒá®áž DHCP áááºážááŸááºážáá»áẠáá»á±á¬ááºáá¯á¶ážáá±áá«áááºá
ááœááºáááºá
ááºáá
á¹á
ááºážááá¯ááºáᬠá
á¬áááºážá¡ááºážáá»á¬áž-
NEXUS-9000V-SW-1# show ip dhcp relay statistics
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Message Type Rx Tx Drops
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Discover 8 8 0
Offer 8 8 0
Request(*) 0 0 0
Ack 0 0 0
Release(*) 0 0 0
Decline 0 0 0
Inform(*) 0 0 0
Nack 0 0 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 16 16 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
DHCP L3 FWD:
Total Packets Received : 0
Total Packets Forwarded : 0
Total Packets Dropped : 0
Non DHCP:
Total Packets Received : 0
Total Packets Forwarded : 0
Total Packets Dropped : 0
DROP:
DHCP Relay not enabled : 0
Invalid DHCP message type : 0
Interface error : 0
Tx failure towards server : 0
Tx failure towards client : 0
Unknown output interface : 0
Unknown vrf or interface for server : 0
Max hops exceeded : 0
Option 82 validation failed : 0
Packet Malformed : 0
Relay Trusted port not configured : 0
DHCP Request dropped on MCT : 0
* - These counters will show correct value when switch
receives DHCP request packet with destination ip as broadcast
address. If request is unicast it will be HW switched
NEXUS-9000V-SW-1#
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 ááœáẠconfiguration ááẠá¡áááºááŒá±á¬áá·áº á¡ááœááºááŸá¯ááºááœá±ážááááºážá
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 ááẠRFC#3527 ááᯠááá¶á·ááá¯ážááá±ážáá« (ááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯ 82 ááœá²ááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯ 5(0x5) - ááá·áºááºááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯)
ááá¯á·áá±á¬áº áá°áá«áá áá¯ááºáá±á¬ááºááá¯ááºá
áœááºážááᯠá¡áá±á¬ááºá¡áááºáá±á¬áºááŒá®ážááŒá
áºáááºá
áááºááá¯á¡áá¯ááºáá¯ááºáááº:
- Microsoft Windows Server 2012 ááœáẠáááá·áºááœááºáááºáá»á¬ážá¡ááœáẠLoopback ááááºá á¬áá»á¬ážááŸáá·áº áá±á«ááºážáá°ážáá»á¬ážáá«ááŸááá±á¬ á á°áá«áá°ážááœá² (SuperScope) áá«ááŸááááºá
- SuperScope ááœááºáá«ááŸááá±á¬ Loopback Source ááááºá á¬ááŸáá·áºá¡áá° DHCP Relay á០áá¯á¶á·ááŒááºááŸá¯ááẠIP ááááºá á¬áá áºáá¯áá¯ááºáá±ážáááºá¡ááœáẠSuperScope ááœáẠá¡áá»á¯á¶ážáááºáá«áááºá
- áá°áá«áááᯠá¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯á áá±á¬ááºážááá¯áá»ááºááẠOption 82 Suboption 1 Agent Circuit ID ááœáẠVNI áá«ááŸááá±á¬ á¡ááœá²á·áááºáááºáááºááᯠSuperscope á០ááœá±ážáá»ááºáááºá (â0108000600â+ 24 bits VNI + 24 bits áááºááá¯ážáá»á¬ážááᯠáá»áœááºá¯ááºááááá«á ááá¯á·áá±á¬áº sniffer ááẠá€á¡ááœááºááœáẠ0 áááºááá¯ážáá»á¬ážááᯠááŒáá«áááºá)
Microsoft Windows Server 2016/2019 ááœáẠá áá áºááá·áºááœááºážááŸá¯ááᯠáááºááá¯á·ááá¯ážááŸááºážá á±ááááºážá
Microsoft Windows Server 2016 ááẠRFC#3527 áá¯ááºáá±á¬ááºááá¯ááºá áœááºážááᯠá¡áá±á¬ááºá¡áááºáá±á¬áºáááºá ááá¯ááá¯áááºááŸá¬á Windows Server 2016 ááẠOption 82 Sub-option 5(0x5) - Link Selection attribute á០ááŸááºáááºáá±á¬ááœááºáááºááᯠá¡ááá¡ááŸááºááŒá¯ááá¯ááºáááº
áá»ááºáá»ááºážááá¯áááᯠáá±ážááœááºážáá¯á¶ážáá¯áá±á«áºáá¬ááẠá
- Superscope ááá«áá² áá¯ááºááá¯á·ááá«ááá¬ážá
- áá°áá«áááá«áá² áá»áœááºá¯ááºááá¯á·áá¯ááºááá¯ááºááŒá®áž VNI ááᯠááá¹ááááááºážááááºážáá¯á¶á á¶ááá¯á· ááŒá±á¬ááºážáá²ááá¯ááºáá«ááá¬ážá
- Loopback DHCP á¡áááºážá¡ááŒá áºááááºá á¬áá»á¬ážá¡ááœáẠScope ááá«áá² áá¯ááºáá±á¬ááºááá¯ááºáá«ááá¬ážá
Q. Superscope ááá«áá² áá¯ááºááá¯á·ááá«ááá¬ážá
A. áá¯ááºáá²á·á IPv4 ááááºá
á¬áá»á¬ážáá²á·á§áááá¬ááŸá¬ áááºáááºááᯠáá»ááºáá»ááºážáááºáá®ážááá¯ááºáá«áááºá
Q. áá°áá«áááá«áá² áá»áœááºá¯ááºááá¯á·áá¯ááºááá¯ááºááŒá®áž VNI ááᯠááá¹ááááááºážááááºážáá¯á¶á
á¶ááá¯á· ááŒá±á¬ááºážáá²ááá¯ááºáá«ááá¬ážá
A. áá¯ááºáá«áááºá ááœááºáááºááœá±ážáá»ááºááŸá¯ááẠOption 82 Suboption 0x5 ááá¯á¡ááŒá±áá¶ááŒá®ážá
Q. Loopback DHCP á¡áááºážá¡ááŒá
áºááááºá
á¬áá»á¬ážá¡ááœáẠScope ááá«áá² áá¯ááºáá±á¬ááºááá¯ááºáá«ááá¬ážá
A. ááá·áºá¡ááºáž áá«ááá¯á· ááá¯ááºááá¯ááºáá°ážá Microsoft Windows Server 2016/2019 ááœáẠá¡áá¹ááá¬ááºááŸááá±á¬ DHCP áá±á¬ááºážááá¯ááŸá¯áá»á¬ážááᯠá¡áá¬á¡ááœáẠáá±ážáá±á¬ááŒá±á¬áá·áºááŒá
áºáááºá ááá¯ááá¯áááºááŸá¬á DHCP áá¬áá¬á
á¯áá±á«ááºážááœáẠáááŸááá±á¬ ááááºá
á¬áá»á¬ážá០áá±á¬ááºážááá¯ááŸá¯á¡á¬ážáá¯á¶ážááᯠá¡áá¹ááá¬ááºááŒá¯áááºáᯠáá°ááá«áááºá
Note
All relay agent IP addresses (GIADDR) must be part of an active DHCP scope IP address range. Any GIADDR outside of the DHCP scope IP address ranges is considered a rogue relay and Windows DHCP Server will not acknowledge DHCP client requests from those relay agents.
A special scope can be created to "authorize" relay agents. Create a scope with the GIADDR (or multiple if the GIADDR's are sequential IP addresses), exclude the GIADDR address(es) from distribution, and then activate the scope. This will authorize the relay agents while preventing the GIADDR addresses from being assigned.á¡á²áá«ááœá±á Microsoft Windows Server 2016/2019 ááŸá VXLAN BGP EVPN á ááºáá¯á¶á¡ááœáẠDHCP pool ááᯠconfigure áá¯ááºáááºá áááºáᬠááá¯á¡ááºáááº-
- Source Relay ááááºá á¬áá»á¬ážá¡ááœáẠpool áá áºáá¯áááºáá®ážáá«á
- áá±á¬ááºáááºááœááºáááºáá»á¬ážá¡ááœáẠáá±áá°ážáááºáá áºáᯠáááºáá®ážáá«á
áááá¯á¡ááºáá±á¬á¡áá¬áá»á¬áž (ááá¯á·áá±á¬áº configure áá¯ááºááá¯ááºááŒá®áž áááºážááẠá¡áá¯ááºáá¯ááºáááºááŒá áºááŒá®áž á¡áá¯ááºááœáẠá¡ááŸá±á¬áá·áºá¡ááŸááºááŒá áºáááºááá¯ááºáá«)á
- áá°áá«ááááºáá®ážáá«á
- SuperScope áááºáá®ážáá«á
ááá°áá¬DHCP áá¬áá¬áá áºáá¯áááºáá±á¬ááºááŒááºážáááá°áᬠ(á¡á á áºá¡ááŸáẠDHCP client 2 áá¯ááŸáááẠ- client áá»á¬ážááẠVXLAN fabric ááŸáá·áºáá»áááºáááºáá¬ážáááº)
á¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯áá°á¡á¯ááºá
á¯ááᯠáááºááŸááºááŒááºážá á¥ááá¬-
á¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯áá°á¡á¯ááºá
á¯ááᯠá
áá
áºááá·áºááœááºážááŒááºážá á¥ááá¬áá
áºáᯠ(áá°áá«ááá»á¬ážááᯠááœá±ážáá»ááºáá¬ážááẠ- áá±áá°ážáááºá ááŸááºáááºáá±á¬áá¯ááºáá±á¬ááºááŸá¯áá»á¬ážá¡ááœáẠáá°áá«ááá»á¬ážááᯠá¡áá¯á¶ážáááŒá¯ááŒá±á¬ááºáž áááºáá±ááŒáááº)á
á¡áááºážá¡ááŒá
ẠDHCP Relay ááááºá
á¬áá»á¬ážá¡ááœáẠáá±á«ááºážáá°ážááœá²á·á
ááºážááŒááºážá á¥ááá¬áá
áºáᯠ(áá¯ááºáá±ážááŸá¯á¡ááœáẠááááºá
á¬á¡ááœá¬á¡áá±ážááẠááááºá
á¬áá±á«ááºážá
á¯á០áááºáá¯ááºááŒááºážá០á¡ááŒáá·áºá¡á áááºááá¯ááºáááº)
Microsoft Windows Server 2019 ááœáẠDHCP áááºáá±á¬ááºááŸá¯ááᯠá
áá
áºááá·áºááœááºážááŒááºážá
DHCP Relay á¡ááœáẠLoopback ááááºá á¬áá»á¬áž (áááºážááŒá áº) á¡ááœáẠáá±á«ááºážáá°ážááœá²á·á ááºážááŸá¯á
IPv4 áá±áá¬ááœááºááœáẠáá±áá°ážáááºá¡áá Ạ(Scope) ááᯠáááºáá®ážáá«áááºá
áá±áá°ážáááºáááºáá®ážááŸá¯ wizard á "áá±á¬ááºáá
áºáá¯>"
áá±áá°ážáááºá¡áááºááŸáá·áº áá±áá°ážáááºááá±á¬áºááŒáá»ááºááᯠá
á®á
ááºáááºááŸááºáá«á
Loopback á¡ááœáẠIP ááááºá
á¬áá»á¬ážááŸáá·áº áá±áá°ážáááºá¡ááœáẠáá»ááºááŸá¬áá¯á¶ážáá»á¬ážááᯠáááºááŸááºáá«á
ááŒáœááºážáá»ááºááá·áºááŒááºážá áááºáá¯ááºááŒááºážá¡ááá¯ááºážááẠáá±áá°ážáááºá¡ááá¯ááºážá¡ááŒá¬ážááŸáá·áº á¡ááá¡áá»ááá¯ááºáá®ááá«áááºá
ááŸá¬ážáááºážáá»áááºá "áá±á¬ááºáá
áºáá¯>"
áá±ážááœááºáž- DHCP ááœá±ážá
áá¬áá»á¬ážááᯠááᯠ(DNSá WINSá Gatewayá Domain) ááᯠááẠá
á®á
ááºáááºááŸááºáááºáá¬áž ááá¯á·ááá¯áẠáá±á¬ááºá០ááŒá¯áá¯ááºáááºáá¬ážá ááá¯ááºáá°ážááá¯á·ááŒá±ááŒá®áž áá±áá°ážáááºááᯠááá¯ááºááá¯ááºááœáá·áºáá¬á ááá¯ááŒááºáá«áááá·áºáááºá ááá¯á·ááá¯áẠáááºááá·áºá¡áá»ááºá¡áááºááá¯áá»áŸ áááŒáá·áºáá² á¡áá¯á¶ážááá¯á·ááœá¬ážááŒá®áž wizard á¡áá¯á¶ážááœáẠáá±áá°ážáááºááᯠá¡áááºááœááºážáá«á
ááœá±ážáá»ááºá
áá¬áá»á¬ážááᯠááŒá¯ááŒááºááœááºážáá¶ááŒá®áž áá±áá°ážáááºááᯠá¡áááºááááºááŒá±á¬ááºáž áá»áœááºá¯ááºááá¯á· á¡áááºááŒá¯áá«áááºá "ááŒá®ážá¡á±á¬ááº"
áá»áœááºá¯ááºááá¯á·ááẠáá±áá°ážáááºááᯠááá¯ááºááá¯ááºááœáá·áºáááºá â Scope ááá¯ááœá±ážáá»ááºááŒá®áž áááºá
ááºáá®áá°ážááœáẠâ âá¡áááºááœááºážáááºâ ááá¯ááœá±ážáá»ááºáá«á
áá»áœááºá¯ááºááá¯á·ááẠá¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯áá°áá»á¬áž/áá¬áá¬áá»á¬ážá¡ááœáẠáá±áá°ážáááºáá áºáá¯ááᯠáááºáá®ážáá«áááºá
áá»áœááºá¯ááºááá¯á·ááẠáá±áá°ážáááºá¡áá áºááᯠáááºáá®ážáááºá
áá±áá°ážáááºáááºáá®ážááŸá¯ wizard á "áá±á¬ááºáá
áºáá¯>"
áá±áá°ážáááºá¡áááºááŸáá·áº áá±áá°ážáááºááá±á¬áºááŒáá»ááºááᯠá
á®á
ááºáááºááŸááºáá«á
Loopback á¡ááœáẠIP ááááºá
á¬áá»á¬ážááŸáá·áº áá±áá°ážáááºá¡ááœáẠáá»ááºááŸá¬áá¯á¶ážáá»á¬ážááᯠáááºááŸááºáá«á
ááŒáœááºážáá»ááºááá·áºááŒááºážá (áá°áááºážá¡á¬ážááŒáá·áº áá»áœááºážáá»ááºáááá¯á¡ááºáá«) "Next >"
ááŸá¬ážáááºážáá»áááºá "áá±á¬ááºáá
áºáá¯>"
áá±ážááœááºáž- DHCP ááœá±ážá
áá¬áá»á¬ážááᯠááᯠ(DNSá WINSá Gatewayá Domain) ááᯠááẠá
á®á
ááºáááºááŸááºáááºáá¬áž ááá¯á·ááá¯áẠáá±á¬ááºá០ááŒá¯áá¯ááºáááºáá¬ážá á¡áá¯áá² á
ááá¯ááºáá¡á±á¬ááºá
áá°áááºážááááºáá±ážááááºá
á¬ááᯠá
á®á
ááºáááºááŸááºáá«á
áá»áœááºá¯ááºááá¯á·ááẠááá¯ááááºážááŸáá·áº DNS áá¬áá¬ááááºá
á¬áá»á¬ážááᯠá
á®á
ááºáááºááŸááºáá±ážáááºá
WINS áá¬áá¬áá»á¬ážá IP ááááºá
á¬áá»á¬ážááᯠááŒááºáááºáááºááŸááºááŒááºážá
áááºáááºááᯠá¡áááºááœááºážááŒááºážá
áá±áá°ážáááºááᯠááŒááºáááºáá¬ážáááºá "ááŒá®ážá¡á±á¬ááº"
áá±á¬ááºáá»ááº
Windows Server 2016/2019 ááá¯á¡áá¯á¶ážááŒá¯ááŒááºážááẠVXLAN ááẠ(ááá¯á·ááá¯áẠá¡ááŒá¬ážá¡áááº) á¡ááœáẠDHCP áá¬áá¬áá áºáᯠáááºáá±á¬ááºááŒááºážá ááŸá¯ááºááœá±ážááŸá¯ááᯠáá»á±á¬á·áááºážá á±áááºá (á¡áá¯ááºáá®áá»áœááºážáá»ááºáá°áá»á¬ážáᶠá¡áá°ážááá·áºááºáá»á¬ážááᯠááœáŸá²ááŒá±á¬ááºážááẠáááá¯á¡ááºáá«- á á áºáá¯ááºááŸá¯áá»á¬ážá á¬áááºážááœááºážááẠNetwork/Agent Circuit IDá)
Windows Server 2012 á¡ááœáẠááœá²á·á ááºážááŸá¯áá¯á¶á á¶ááẠ2016/2019 áá¬áá¬á¡áá áºáá»á¬ážááœáẠá¡áá¯ááºáá¯ááºáááºáá¬áž - áá¯ááºáá²á· á¡áá¯ááºááŒá áºáá«áááºá
á€á
á¬áááºážááœáẠáá¬ážááŸááºáž 2 áᯠáá«ááŸááááº- 7.X ááŸáá·áº 9.3á áá¬ážááŸááºáž 7.0(3)I7(7) ááẠCisco á¡ááŒá¶ááŒá¯áá¬ážááá·áº ááŒáá·áºáá»áááŸá¯ááŒá
áºááŒá®áž áá¬ážááŸááºáž 9.3 ááẠá¡áááºážáá
áºáá¯á¶ážááŒá
áºááẠ(VXLAN Multisite ááŸáá
áºááá·áº Multicast ááᯠáá¶á·ááá¯ážáá±ážááá·áºááá¯ááº) ááŒá±á¬áá·áºááŒá
áºáááºá
á¡áááºážá¡ááŒá áºáá»á¬ážá á¬áááºáž
source: www.habr.com