De release van de distributie NixOS 25.05 is ge\u00efntroduceerd, gebaseerd op de pakketmanager Nix en biedt eigen ontwikkelingen om de configuratie en het onderhoud van het systeem te vereenvoudigen. In NixOS wordt de gehele systeemconfiguratie uitgevoerd via \u00e9\u00e9n enkele configuratiebestand, configuration.nix. Er zijn mogelijkheden voor een snelle terugkeer naar een eerdere versie van de configuratie en om tussen verschillende systeemtoestanden te schakelen. De installatie van individuele pakketten door verschillende gebruikers wordt ondersteund, evenals het gelijktijdig gebruik van meerdere versies van hetzelfde programma. Er worden reproduceerbare builds gegarandeerd. Voor de architecturen x86_64 en ARM64 zijn een install image met een grafische omgeving (3,7 GB) en een verkorte consoleversie (1,4 GB) voorbereid. <\/p>\n
Bij het gebruik van Nix wordt het resultaat van het bouwen van pakketten opgeslagen in een aparte subdirectory in \/nix\/store. Bijvoorbeeld, na het bouwen kan het pakket firefox worden opgeslagen in \/nix\/store\/5onlv1pc3ed6n5nskg8ew4twcfd0d5ae4ec5d4-firefox-138.0.4\/, waar «5onlv1pc3ed6n5nskg8ew4twcfd0d5ae4ec5d4» de hash is van al zijn afhankelijkheden en bouwinstructies. Onder de installatie van een pakket verstaan we het bouwen of downloaden van een reeds gebouwd pakket (op voorwaarde dat het al op Hydra is gebouwd \u2014 de bouwservice van het NixOS-project), evenals het aanmaken van een directory met symbolische links naar alle pakketten in het systeem- of gebruikersprofiel, met vervolgens het toevoegen van deze directory aan de PATH-lijst. Een soortgelijke aanpak wordt gevolgd in de pakketbeheerder GNU Guix, die is gebaseerd op de ontwikkelingen van Nix. De collectie van pakketten wordt gepresenteerd in een speciale repository, Nixpkgs. <\/p>\n
Belangrijkste vernieuwingen: <\/p>\n
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\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 configuration.nix. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 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