{"id":32375,"date":"2019-10-31T21:46:40","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:46:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/uyazvimost-v-chipah-qualcomm-pozvolyayushhaya-izvlech-zakrytye-klyuchi-iz-hranilishha-trustzone\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:46:40","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:46:40","slug":"uyazvimost-v-chipah-qualcomm-pozvolyayushhaya-izvlech-zakrytye-klyuchi-iz-hranilishha-trustzone","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/nl\/blog\/news\/uyazvimost-v-chipah-qualcomm-pozvolyayushhaya-izvlech-zakrytye-klyuchi-iz-hranilishha-trustzone","title":{"rendered":"Kwetsbaarheid in Qualcomm-chips die het mogelijk maakt om gesloten sleutels uit de TrustZone-opslag te extraheren","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Onderzoekers van NCC Group <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nccgroup.trust\/us\/our-research\/private-key-extraction-qualcomm-keystore\/\">hebben onthuld<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex>details<\/noindex> kwetsbaarheden (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.qualcomm.com\/company\/product-security\/bulletins#_CVE-2018-11976\">CVE-2018-11976<\/a><\/noindex>) in Qualcomm-chips, die het mogelijk maken om de inhoud van gesloten versleutels te achterhalen, geplaatst in de ge\u00efsoleerde enclave Qualcomm QSEE (Qualcomm Secure Execution Environment), gebaseerd op ARM TrustZone-technologie. Het probleem komt voor in <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.qualcomm.com\/company\/product-security\/bulletins\">de meeste<\/a><\/noindex> Snapdragon SoC's, die veelvuldig worden gebruikt in smartphones op het Android-platform. De correcties die het probleem oplossen, zijn al <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/source.android.com\/security\/bulletin\/2019-04-01\">opgenomen<\/a><\/noindex> In de aprilupdate van Android en in nieuwe versies van de firmware voor Qualcomm-chips. Het kostte Qualcomm meer dan een jaar om een oplossing voor het probleem voor te bereiden - de informatie over de kwetsbaarheid werd op 19 maart 2018 al naar Qualcomm gestuurd.<\/p>\n<p>Ter herinnering, de ARM TrustZone-technologie maakt het mogelijk om hardwarematig ge\u00efsoleerde beveiligde omgevingen te cre\u00ebren, die volledig zijn gescheiden van het hoofdsysteem en op een aparte virtuele processor draaien met behulp van een afzonderlijk gespecialiseerd besturingssysteem. Het belangrijkste doel van TrustZone is het waarborgen van ge\u00efsoleerde uitvoering van versleuteling sleutelverwerkers, biometrische authenticatie, betalingsgegevens en andere vertrouwelijke informatie. De interactie met het hoofdbesturingssysteem gebeurt indirect via een dispatch-interface. Gesloten versleutels worden binnen een hardwarematig ge\u00efsoleerde sleutelopslag geplaatst, wat, bij juiste implementatie, helpt voorkomen dat ze uitlekken in het geval van een compromis van het hoofdsysteem.<\/p>\n<p>De kwetsbaarheid is gerelateerd aan een tekortkoming in de implementatie van het algoritme voor de verwerking van elliptische krommen, wat leidde tot het uitlekken van informatie over de voortgang van gegevensverwerking. Onderzoekers hebben een techniek voor aanvallen via zijkanalen ontwikkeld waarmee, op basis van bestaande indirecte lekken, de inhoud van gesloten sleutels kan worden hersteld, geplaatst in hardwarematig ge\u00efsoleerde <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/developer.android.com\/training\/articles\/keystore.html\">Android Keystore<\/a><\/noindex>Leaks are identified based on analyzing the activity of the branch prediction block and changes in memory access times. During the experiment, researchers successfully demonstrated the recovery of 224- and 256-bit ECDSA keys from a hardware-isolated key storage used in the Nexus 5X smartphone. The recovery of the key required the generation of about 12,000 digital signatures, which took over 14 hours. An attack toolkit was used. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/nccgroup\/cachegrab\">Cachegrab<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>De belangrijkste oorzaak van het probleem is het gezamenlijke gebruik van dezelfde hardwarecomponenten en cache voor berekeningen in TrustZone en in het hoofd systeem - de isolatie is uitgevoerd op logisch niveau, maar met gebruik van dezelfde rekenmodules, waardoor sporen van berekeningen en informatie over sprongadressen in de gezamenlijke cache van de processor worden opgeslagen. Met behulp van de Prime+Probe-methode, gebaseerd op het beoordelen van de toegangstijd tot gecacheerde informatie, kan men met voldoende hoge nauwkeurigheid datastromen en aanwijzingen voor de uitvoering van code die verband houdt met de berekeningen van digitale handtekeningen in TrustZone volgen door te controleren op bepaalde patronen in de cache.  <\/p>\n<p>Most of the time spent forming a digital signature using ECDSA keys in Qualcomm chips is dedicated to performing multiplication operations in a loop using an unchanged initialization vector for each signature (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nonce\">nonce<\/a><\/noindex>). If an attacker can recover even a few bits of information about this vector, it opens up the possibility for an attack to sequentially recover the entire private key. <\/p>\n<p>In het geval van Qualcomm zijn er twee plekken gevonden waar dergelijke informatie lekt in het vermenigvuldigingsalgoritme: tijdens het uitvoeren van zoekoperaties in tabellen en in de code van voorwaardelijke datavereisten op basis van de waarde van de laatste bit in de 'nonce'-vector. Ondanks de aanwezigheden van maatregelen in de code van Qualcomm om datalekken via externe kanalen te voorkomen, maakt de ontwikkelde aanvalsmethode het mogelijk om deze maatregelen te omzeilen en verschillende bits van de waarde van de 'nonce' te bepalen, die voldoende zijn voor het herstellen van 256-bits ECDSA-sleutels.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Bron: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50572\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 NCC Group \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CVE-2018-11976) \u0432 \u0447\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0445 Qualcomm, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0430\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0435 Qualcomm QSEE (Qualcomm Secure Execution Environment), \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 ARM TrustZone. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 SoC Snapdragon, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b Android. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32375","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 NCC Group \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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