{"id":35721,"date":"2019-10-31T22:05:57","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:05:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/minimalnaya-ustanovka-centos-fedora-redhat\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:05:57","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:05:57","slug":"minimalnaya-ustanovka-centos-fedora-redhat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/nl\/blog\/administrirovanie\/minimalnaya-ustanovka-centos-fedora-redhat","title":{"rendered":"Minimale installatie van CentOS\/Fedora\/RedHat","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ik twijfel er niet aan dat nobele bestuursleden \u2014 Linux-beheerders \u2014 ernaar streven om de set met op de server te installeren pakketten tot een minimum te beperken. Dit is economische, veiliger en geeft de beheerder een gevoel van volledige controle en begrip van de bijbehorende processen.<\/p>\n<p>Daarom ziet een typisch scenario voor een initi\u00eble installatie van het besturingssysteem eruit als het kiezen van de minimale optie, waarna de noodzakelijke pakketten worden toegevoegd.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Minimale installatie van CentOS\/Fedora\/RedHat\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/bbd5f8f96a8c642ce48f810e9ea931a8.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nEchter, de minimale optie die door de CentOS-installatieprogramma wordt aangeboden, blijkt niet helemaal minimaal te zijn. Er is een manier om de grootte van de initi\u00eble systeeminstallatie te verkleinen met een standaard gedocumenteerde methode.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nWanneer je CentOS in je werk gebruikt, ontdek je vroeg of laat de automatisering van de installatie met behulp van de Kickstart-mechanisme. Ik installeer CentOS al een lange tijd niet meer met de standaard installer. In de loop der tijd heb ik genoeg configuratie kickstart-bestanden verzameld waarmee ik systemen automatisch kan opzetten, ook op LVM, cryptische partities, met een minimale GUI, enzovoort.<\/p>\n<p>En zo, in een van de releases van versie 7, heeft RedHat een verrassende optie aan Kickstart toegevoegd, waarmee de te installeren systeemafbeelding nog verder kan worden geminimaliseerd:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b>\u2014nocore<\/b><\/p>\n<p>De installatie van de <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/users\/core\/\" class=\"user_link\">Core<\/a><\/noindex> pakketgroep die anders standaard altijd wordt ge\u00efnstalleerd, wordt uitgeschakeld. Het uitschakelen van de <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/users\/core\/\" class=\"user_link\">Core<\/a><\/noindex> De pakketgroep mag alleen worden gebruikt voor het cre\u00ebren van lichte containers; het installeren van een desktop- of serversysteem met \u2014nocore resulteert in een onbruikbaar systeem.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p> RedHat waarschuwt eerlijk voor de mogelijke gevolgen van het gebruik van deze optie, maar jarenlange ervaring in een echte omgeving bevestigt de stabiliteit en toepasbaarheid ervan.<\/p>\n<p>Hieronder staat een voorbeeld van een kickstart-bestand voor de minimaalste installatie. Dappere zielen kunnen yum eruit uitsluiten. Wees voorbereid op verrassingen:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"actionscript\">install\ntext\n\nurl --url=\"http:\/\/server\/centos\/7\/os\/x86_64\/\"\n\neula --agreed\nfirstboot --disable\n\nkeyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'\nlang en_US.UTF-8\ntimezone Africa\/Abidjan\n\nauth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512\nrootpw --plaintext ***\n\nignoredisk --only-use=sda\n\nzerombr\nbootloader --location=mbr\nclearpart --all --initlabel\n\npart \/boot\/efi --fstype=\"efi\" --size=100 --fsoptions=\"umask=0077,shortname=winnt\"\npart \/ --fstype=\"ext4\" --size=1 --grow\n\nnetwork --bootproto=dhcp --hostname=localhost --onboot=on --activate\n\n#reboot\npoweroff\n\n%packages --nocore --nobase --excludedocs\nyum\n\n%end\n\ndon com_redhat_kdump --disable\n\n%end\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nIk wil opmerken dat CentOS\/RedHat gelijdelijker is in de interpretatie van de optie dan Fedora. Laatstgenoemde kan het systeem zo sterk verarmen dat een herinstallatie met het toevoegen van essenti\u00eble hulpprogramma's vereist is.<\/p>\n<p>Als bonus geef ik een 'toverspreuk' voor het installeren van een minimale grafische omgeving in CentOS\/RedHat (versie 7):<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">yum -y groupinstall x11\nyum -y install gnome-classic-session\nsystemctl set-default graphical.target\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nZowel het minimale besturingssysteem als de minimale grafische omgeving heb ik getest en werken op echte systemen.<br \/>\n<br \/>Bron: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/457680\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043d\u044b \u2014 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b Linux \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u0449\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e, \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c CentOS, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":26761,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35721","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e 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