{"id":53682,"date":"2019-12-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-06T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/nachalos-obshhee-golosovanie-o-sistemah-initsializatsii-v-debian"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:01:36","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:01:36","slug":"nachalos-obshhee-golosovanie-o-sistemah-initsializatsii-v-debian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/nl\/blog\/news\/nachalos-obshhee-golosovanie-o-sistemah-initsializatsii-v-debian","title":{"rendered":"Algemene stemming over initieel systemen in Debian is begonnen","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Project Debian <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.debian.org\/debian-devel-announce\/2019\/12\/msg00002.html\">heeft aangekondigd<\/a><\/noindex> about the start <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.debian.org\/vote\/2019\/vote_002\">of the general voting<\/a><\/noindex> (GR, general resolution) of the project's developers on <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51517\">the issue of supporting multiple initialization systems<\/a><\/noindex>, which will determine the future policy of the project regarding the binding to systemd, support for alternative initialization systems, and interaction with derivative distributions that do not use systemd. Voting will last until December 27 inclusive, the results will be announced on December 28.<\/p>\n<p>Let us remind you that in 2014 the technical committee  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=39064\">approved<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=38762\">the transition<\/a><\/noindex> of the default distribution to systemd, but did not <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=39224\">develop<\/a><\/noindex> a decision regarding the support of multiple initialization systems (the item indicating the committee's unwillingness to make a decision on this issue won the vote). The committee leader recommended that package maintainers retain support for sysvinit as an alternative initialization system, but indicated that he could not impose his viewpoint, and in each case the decision should be made individually. <\/p>\n<p>After that, some developers attempted <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=41088\">to conduct<\/a><\/noindex> a general vote, but a preliminary vote showed no need to make a decision on the use of multiple initialization systems. Several months ago, after <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51517\">problemen<\/a><\/noindex> the inclusion of the elogind package (necessary for GNOME to work without systemd) in the testing branch due to a conflict with libsystemd, the issue was raised again by the Debian project leader, as the developers could not agree, and their communication turned into a confrontation and reached a deadlock. <\/p>\n<p>The ongoing voting will establish a policy regarding multiple initialization systems, and if the item mandating support for alternative systems wins, maintainers will not be able to ignore or delay such issues. After discussing the three initially proposed voting items by the project leader, the number of options was expanded to eight. Voting allows for the selection of several items with ranking of the chosen elements by level of preference. About a thousand developers involved in package maintenance and infrastructure support have the right to vote.<\/p>\n<p>Proposed options:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> De focus ligt voornamelijk op systemd. Ondersteuning voor alternatieve init-systemen heeft geen hoge prioriteit, maar de maintainer mag optioneel init-scripts voor dergelijke systemen opnemen in de pakketten.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ondersteuning voor verschillende init-systemen en de mogelijkheid om Debian op te starten met init-systemen die anders zijn dan systemd.<br \/>\nOm services te starten moeten de pakketten init-scripts bevatten; alleen unit-bestanden van systemd zonder sysv init-scripts zijn onacceptabel.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Systemd blijft de voorkeur genieten, maar er wordt ruimte gelaten voor ondersteuning van alternatieve init-systemen. Technologie\u00ebn zoals elogind, waarmee toepassingen die aan systemd zijn gebonden in alternatieve omgevingen kunnen draaien, worden als belangrijk beschouwd. Het opnemen van init-bestanden voor alternatieve systemen in pakketten is toegestaan.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ondersteuning voor systemen die geen gebruik maken van systemd, maar zonder wijzigingen die de ontwikkeling hinderen. Ontwikkelaars zijn bereid om meerdere init-systemen in de nabije toekomst te ondersteunen, maar vinden het ook noodzakelijk om de ondersteuning voor systemd te verbeteren. Het ontwikkelen en onderhouden van specifieke oplossingen moet worden gedaan door gemeenschappen die in dergelijke oplossingen ge\u00efnteresseerd zijn, maar andere maintainers moeten actief helpen en bijdragen aan het oplossen van problemen wanneer dat nodig is. Idealiter zouden de pakketten moeten functioneren met elk init-systeem, waarvoor traditionele init-scripts kunnen worden geleverd of andere mechanismen kunnen worden gebruikt die werken zonder systemd. Het onmogelijk zijn om zonder systemd te werken wordt beschouwd als een fout, maar niet als een fout die de release blokkeert, behalve in gevallen waar er een werkbare oplossing voorhanden is zonder systemd, maar deze wordt niet behouden (bijvoorbeeld wanneer het probleem wordt veroorzaakt door het verwijderen van een eerder geleverd init-script).\n<li class=\"l\"> Ondersteuning van draagbaarheid zonder wijzigingen die de ontwikkeling belemmeren. Debian blijft worden beschouwd als de schakel voor de integratie van verschillende software die een equivalente of gelijksoortige functionaliteit biedt. Draagbaarheid tussen hardwareplatforms en softwarestacks behoort tot belangrijke taken, en de integratie van alternatieve technologie\u00ebn wordt verwelkomd, zelfs als de visies van hun ontwikkelaars verschillen van de algemene mening. De positie ten aanzien van systemd en andere init-systemen komt volledig overeen met punt 4.\n<li class=\"l\"> Vertaling van de ondersteuning voor meerdere init-systemen naar verplichtingen. Het blijven mogelijk maken om Debian te draaien met init-systemen anders dan systemd blijft belangrijk voor het project. Elk pakket moet werken met pid1-handlers die anders zijn dan systemd, behalve wanneer de software die in het pakket zit oorspronkelijk alleen voor systemd is bedoeld en er geen ondersteuning is voor starten zonder systemd (het ontbreken van init-scripts wordt niet beschouwd als uitsluitend bedoeld voor het werken met systemd).\n<li class=\"l\"> Ondersteuning van draagbaarheid en meerdere implementaties. De algemene principes komen volledig overeen met punt 5, maar er worden geen specifieke eisen gesteld aan systemd en init-systemen, noch worden er verplichtingen aan ontwikkelaars opgelegd. Ontwikkelaars wordt aangeraden om rekening te houden met elkaars belangen, compromissen te sluiten en gemeenschappelijke oplossingen te vinden die bevredigend zijn voor de verschillende partijen.\n<li class=\"l\"> Vervolg van de discussie. Dit punt kan worden gebruikt om de beoordeling van onacceptabele opties te verlagen.\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Bron: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51990\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 Debian \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043e \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f (GR, general resolution) \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043a systemd, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 systemd. \u0413\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e 27 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b 28 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 2014 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53682","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 Debian \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043e \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/nl\/blog\/news\/nachalos-obshhee-golosovanie-o-sistemah-initsializatsii-v-debian\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.3\" \/>\n\t\t<meta 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