{"id":118902,"date":"2024-08-02T15:43:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-02T13:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/microsoft-opublikoval-distributiv-azure-linux-3-0"},"modified":"2024-08-02T15:43:00","modified_gmt":"2024-08-02T13:43:00","slug":"microsoft-opublikoval-distributiv-azure-linux-3-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/no\/blog\/news\/microsoft-opublikoval-distributiv-azure-linux-3-0","title":{"rendered":"Microsoft har publisert distribusjonen Azure Linux 3.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Microsoft har publisert den f\u00f8rste stabile oppdateringen av den nye versjonen av Azure Linux 3.0, som tidligere ble distribuert under navnet CBL-Mariner. Distribusjonen utvikles som en universell grunnplattform for Linux-milj\u00f8er brukt i skyinfrastruktur, edge-systemer og diverse tjenester fra Microsoft. Prosjektet har som m\u00e5l \u00e5 forene de Linux-l\u00f8sningene som brukes av Microsoft og \u00e5 forenkle vedlikehold av Linux-systemer for ulike form\u00e5l. Arbeidene fra prosjektet distribueres under MIT-lisensen. Pakkeoppbygginger lages for aarch64 og x86_64-arkitekturer. St\u00f8rrelsen p\u00e5 installasjonsbildet er 740 MB.      <\/p>\n<p>Blant endringene i den nye versjonen:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Linux-kjernen er oppdatert til versjon 6.6 (tidligere ble versjon 5.15 brukt). St\u00f8tte for live patching er lagt til, noe som tillater fiksing av s\u00e5rbarheter i kjernen uten omstart.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nye versjoner av pakker er foresl\u00e5tt, inkludert systemd 255, glibc 2.38, GCC 13.2, clang 18.1, OpenSSL 3.3, rpm 4.18.2, ruby 3.3.0, BIND 9.20, containerd 1.7.13, kunc 1.1.12, ostree 2024.5, rust 1.75, Perl 5.38, Python 3.12.3, QEMU 8.2.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> SELinux-systemet for tvungen tilgangskontroll er som standard satt i &#171;enforcing&#187;-modus.\n<li class=\"l\"> Som standard er den forente hierarkiet cgroups v2 aktivert. Den viktigste forskjellen mellom cgroups v2 og v1 er bruken av et felles hierarki for alle typer ressurser, i stedet for separate hierarkier for tildeling av CPU-ressurser, regulering av minneforbruk og for inn-\/utdrag.\n<li class=\"l\"> Verkt\u00f8y er lagt til for \u00e5 erstatte andre distribusjoner (OSsku In-Place Migration) p\u00e5 noder i Microsoft Azure-skyen, for eksempel kan Ubuntu som er installert, erstattes med Azure Linux.\n<li class=\"l\"> St\u00f8tte for nye NVIDIA GPU-er, som NVIDIA A100 og H100, er lagt til, samt NVIDIA GPU Operator for automatisering av styring av NVIDIA-drivere p\u00e5 noder med Azure Linux.  <\/ul>\n<p>Distribusjonen Azure Linux tilbyr et lite standardsett av grunnleggende pakker, som utgj\u00f8r en universell basis for \u00e5 bygge innholdet i containere, vertsmilj\u00f8er og tjenester som kj\u00f8rer i skyinfrastrukturer og p\u00e5 edge-enheter. Mer komplekse og spesialiserte l\u00f8sninger kan opprettes ved \u00e5 legge til ekstra pakker over Azure Linux, men grunnlaget for alle slike systemer forblir uendret, noe som forenkler vedlikehold og forberedelse av oppdateringer.       <\/p>\n<p>For eksempel brukes Azure Linux som grunnlag for den mini-distribusjonen WSLg, som gir komponentene i grafikkstakken for \u00e5 kj\u00f8re GUI-applikasjoner for Linux i WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux) milj\u00f8er. Den utvidede funksjonaliteten i WSLg oppn\u00e5s ved \u00e5 inkludere ekstra pakker med kompositt. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/no\/server\/dts-prohoster\/\"   title=\"serveren\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3086\">serveren<\/a> Weston, XWayland, PulseAudio og FreeRDP.    <\/p>\n<p>For managing services and load, the system manager systemd is used. Package managers RPM and DNF are provided for package management. The SSH server is not enabled by default. To install the distribution, an installer is provided that can operate in both text and graphical modes. The installer offers the option to install with either a full or basic set of packages, and provides an interface for selecting the disk partition, choosing a hostname, and creating users.  <\/p>\n<p>The Azure Linux build system allows for generating both individual RPM packages based on SPEC files and source texts, as well as monolithic system images constructed with the rpm-ostree tool and updated atomically without breaking into individual packages. Consequently, two models of update delivery are supported: through individual package updates and through the reconstruction and update of the entire system image. A repository containing about 3000 already compiled RPM packages is available, which can be used to assemble custom images based on a configuration file.     <\/p>\n<p>Den grunnleggende plattformen inkluderer bare de mest n\u00f8dvendige komponentene og er optimalisert for minimalt minne- og diskforbruk samt h\u00f8y oppstartshastighet. Prosjektet bruker tiln\u00e6rmingen &#171;maksimal sikkerhet som standard&#187;, som inneb\u00e6rer aktivering av ulike tilleggs mekanismer for \u00e5 forbedre beskyttelsen:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Filtering system calls using the seccomp mechanism.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Disk partition encryption.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Package verification via digital signatures.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Address space randomization.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Protection against attacks related to symbolic links, mmap, \/dev\/mem, and \/dev\/kmem.   <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Read-only mode and prohibition of code execution in memory areas where kernel and module data segments are located.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> An option to prohibit kernel module loading after system initialization.   <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Use of iptables for network packet filtering.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Enabling protection modes against stack overflows, buffer overflows, and string format issues during compilation (_FORTIFY_SOURCE, -fstack-protector, -Wformat-security, relro).   <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kilde: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=61649\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Microsoft \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Azure Linux 3.0, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c CBL-Mariner. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f Linux-\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435, edge-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0445 Microsoft. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 Microsoft Linux-\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Linux-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118902","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.5 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Microsoft \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Azure Linux 3.0, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 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