{"id":34324,"date":"2019-10-31T21:57:38","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:57:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/namechena-bolshaya-chistka-standartnoj-biblioteki-python\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:57:38","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:57:38","slug":"namechena-bolshaya-chistka-standartnoj-biblioteki-python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/no\/blog\/news\/namechena-bolshaya-chistka-standartnoj-biblioteki-python","title":{"rendered":"Det er planlagt en stor rensing av det standard Python-biblioteket.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Utviklerne av Python-prosjektet en video som demonstrerer den tidlige prototypen.<\/a><\/noindex> foresl\u00e5r (PEP 594) \u00e5 gjennomf\u00f8re en betydelig opprydning av standardbiblioteket. B\u00e5de \u00e5penbart utdaterte og spesialiserte funksjoner, samt komponenter med arkitektoniske problemer som ikke lar seg forene for alle plattformer, foresl\u00e5s fjernet fra standardbiblioteket Python. <\/p>\n

For eksempel foresl\u00e5s det \u00e5 ekskludere moduler som crypt (utilgjengelig for Windows og avhengighet av tilgjengeligheten av hashing-algoritmer fra systembibliotekene), cgi (ikke optimal arkitektur, krever oppstart av ny prosess for hver foresp\u00f8rsel), imp (anbefales \u00e5 bruke importlib), pipes (anbefales \u00e5 bruke subprocess-modulen), nis (anbefales \u00e5 bruke NSS, LDAP eller Kerberos\/GSSAPI), spwd (anbefales ikke \u00e5 jobbe direkte med kontodatabase). Ogs\u00e5 moduler som binhex, uu, xdrlib,
\n aifc,
\n audioop,
\n chunk,
\n imghdr,
\n ossaudiodev,
\n sndhdr,
\n sunau,
\n asynchat,
\n asyncore,
\n cgitb,
\n smtpd,
\n nntplib, macpath,
\n formatter, msilib og parser.<\/p>\n

I henhold til den foresl\u00e5tte planen vil de nevnte modulene bli merket som utdaterte i Python 3.8, og i Python 3.8 begynne \u00e5 gi advarsler, mens de i Python 3.10 vil bli fjernet fra CPython-repositoriene.
\n Modulen parser planlegges fjernet i versjon 3.9, da den er merket som utdatert siden utgivelsen av Python 2.5, mens modulen macpath er planlagt fjernet i versjon 3.8. Etter fjerning fra hovedbiblioteket vil koden bli flyttet til et eget legacylib-repositorium, og dens skjebne vil avhenge av interessen fra fellesskapet. Det forventes at Python 3.9-grenen vil bli st\u00f8ttet frem til 2026, noe som gir tilstrekkelig tid til \u00e5 overf\u00f8re prosjekter til eksterne alternativer.<\/p>\n

Opprinnelig ble det ogs\u00e5 foresl\u00e5tt \u00e5 fjerne modulene ftplib, optparse, getopt, colorsys, fileinput, lib2to3 og wave, men de ble besluttet \u00e5 forbli i standardbiblioteket for n\u00e5, da de er vidt utbredte og fortsatt relevante, til tross for at det finnes mer avanserte alternativer eller spesifikke funksjoner knyttet til operativsystemer.<\/p>\n

Vi minner om at Python-prosjektet opprinnelig bruker en tiln\u00e6rming med «batterier inkludert», der standardbiblioteket tilbyr et omfattende sett med funksjoner for ulike bruksomr\u00e5der. Blant fordelene med denne tiln\u00e6rmingen er forenkling av prosjektvedlikehold i Python og overv\u00e5king av sikkerheten til moduler som brukes i prosjektene. S\u00e5rbarheter i moduler blir ofte en kilde til s\u00e5rbarheter i applikasjoner som bruker dem. Hvis funksjonene inng\u00e5r i standardbiblioteket, er det tilstrekkelig \u00e5 kontrollere tilstanden til hovedprosjektet. N\u00e5r standardbiblioteket splittes, m\u00e5 utviklerne bruke tredjepartsmoduler, der s\u00e5rbarheter i hver enkelt m\u00e5 overv\u00e5kes separat. Med h\u00f8y grad av fragmentering og et stort antall avhengigheter oppst\u00e5r trusselen om angrep gjennom kompresjon av infrastruktur for modulutviklere.<\/p>\n

P\u00e5 den annen side krever hver ekstra modul i standardbiblioteket ressurser fra Python-utviklerteamet for vedlikehold. Det har samlet seg et stort antall dupliserte og un\u00f8dvendige funksjoner i biblioteket, og ved \u00e5 utrede dem kan man redusere vedlikeholdskostnadene. Etter hvert som katalogen utvikler seg PyPI<\/a><\/noindex> og prosessen med installasjon og lasting av ekstra pakker forenkles, har bruken av eksterne moduler blitt like vanlig som innebygde funksjoner. <\/p>\n

Fler og fler utviklere bruker mer funksjonelle eksterne alternativer til standardmoduler, for eksempel bruker de lxml-modulen i stedet for xml. Fjerning av foreldede moduler fra standardbiblioteket vil bidra til \u00e5 \u00f8ke populariteten til aktivt utviklede alternativer fra fellesskapet. I tillegg vil reduksjon av standardbiblioteket f\u00f8re til en redusert st\u00f8rrelse p\u00e5 basisleveransen, noe som er relevant n\u00e5r man bruker Python p\u00e5 innebygde plattformer med begrenset lagringsplass.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a crypt (\u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f Windows […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34324","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Det er planlagt en stor opprydding av standardbiblioteket i Python | ProHoster","description":"Utviklerne av 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