{"id":41014,"date":"2020-02-05T10:07:45","date_gmt":"2020-02-05T07:07:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/vypusk-sistemnoj-biblioteki-glibc-2-31"},"modified":"2020-02-05T10:07:45","modified_gmt":"2020-02-05T07:07:45","slug":"vypusk-sistemnoj-biblioteki-glibc-2-31","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/no\/blog\/vypusk-sistemnoj-biblioteki-glibc-2-31","title":{"rendered":"Lansering av systembiblioteket Glibc 2.31","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Etter seks m\u00e5neders utvikling <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/sourceware.org\/ml\/libc-alpha\/2020-02\/msg00010.html\">publisert<\/a><\/noindex> utgivelse av systembiblioteket <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/ftp.gnu.org\/gnu\/glibc\/\">GNU C Library<\/a><\/noindex> (glibc) <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/sourceware.org\/glibc\/wiki\/Release\/2.31\">2.31<\/a><\/noindex>, som fullt ut oppfyller kravene i standardene ISO C11 og POSIX.1-2008. Den nye utgaven inkluderer rettelser fra 58 utviklere. <\/p>\n<p>Fra funksjoner implementert i Glibc 2.31 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/sourceware.org\/git\/?p=glibc.git;a=blob_plain;f=NEWS;hb=HEAD\">forbedringer<\/a><\/noindex> kan nevnes:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Lagt til makro _ISOC2X_SOURCE for \u00e5 aktivere funksjonalitet definert i utkastet til den fremtidige ISO-standarden <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/C2x\">C2X<\/a><\/noindex>. Disse funksjonene er ogs\u00e5 inkludert ved bruk av makro _GNU_SOURCE eller ved bygging med gcc og flagget &#171;-std=gnu2x&#187;;\n<li class=\"l\"> For spesifikke funksjoner definert i header-filen &#171;math.h&#187;, som runder av resultatene til en mindre datatype, er det foresl\u00e5tt tilsvarende generiske typemakroer i filen &#171;tgmath.h&#187; i henhold til spesifikasjonene TS 18661-1:2014 og TS 18661-3:2015;\n<li class=\"l\"> Lagt til funksjonen pthread_clockjoin_np(), som venter p\u00e5 at en tr\u00e5d skal fullf\u00f8res med hensyn til en tidsgrense (hvis tidsgrensen utl\u00f8per f\u00f8r fullf\u00f8ring, vil funksjonen returnere en feil). I motsetning til <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/linux.die.net\/man\/3\/pthread_timedjoin_np\">pthread_timedjoin_np()<\/a><\/noindex>, i pthread_clockjoin_np() er det mulig \u00e5 definere typen timer for beregning av tidsavbrudd \u2014 CLOCK_MONOTONIC (som tar hensyn til tiden brukt av systemet i hvilemodus) eller CLOCK_REALTIME;\n<li class=\"l\"> I DNS-resolveren er st\u00f8tte for trust-ad alternativet lagt til i \/etc\/resolv.conf og flagget RES_TRUSTAD i _res.options, som, n\u00e5r aktivert, gj\u00f8r at DNSSEC-flagget overf\u00f8res i DNS-foresp\u00f8rslene <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc3655\">AD<\/a><\/noindex> (authenticated data). I denne modusen blir den AD-flagget som er satt av serveren, tilgjengelig for applikasjoner som kaller funksjoner som ligner p\u00e5 res_search(). Som standard, dersom de foresl\u00e5tte alternativene ikke er aktivert, angir glibc ikke AD-flagget i foresp\u00f8rslene og fjerner det automatisk i svarene, noe som indikerer at DNSSEC verifikasjon ikke har blitt utf\u00f8rt;\n<li class=\"l\"> For \u00e5 bygge fungerende systemanrop wrappers for Glibc er det n\u00e5 ikke n\u00f8dvendig \u00e5 installere Linux kernel header-filer. Det eneste unntaket er 64-bits arkitektur RISC-V;\n<li class=\"l\"> Fikset <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.redhat.com\/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-19126\">s\u00e5rbarhet<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2019-19126\">CVE-2019-19126<\/a><\/noindex>, som gj\u00f8r det mulig \u00e5 omg\u00e5 beskyttelsen<br \/>\nASLR i programmer med setuid-flagg og bestemme adressefordelingen i lastede biblioteker ved manipulasjon av milj\u00f8variabelen LD_PREFER_MAP_32BIT_EXEC.<\/p>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Endringer som bryter bakoverkompatibilitet:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> I totalorder(), totalordermag() og lignende funksjoner for andre flyttalls typer, aksepterer n\u00e5 pekere som argument for \u00e5 unng\u00e5 varsler om konvertering av verdier til tilstanden <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NaN\">NaN<\/a><\/noindex>, i samsvar med anbefalingene i TS 18661-1, foresl\u00e5tt for den fremtidige standarden C2X.<br \/>\nEksisterende kj\u00f8rbare filer, der flyttallsargumenter sendes direkte, vil fortsette \u00e5 fungere uten endringer;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Den lenge annonserte utdaterte funksjonen stime er n\u00e5 utilgjengelig for bin\u00e6rfiler knyttet til glibc, og dens definisjon er fjernet fra time.h. For \u00e5 sette systemtiden, b\u00f8r funksjonen clock_settime brukes. I fremtiden planlegges det \u00e5 fjerne den ogs\u00e5 utdaterte funksjonen ftime, samt header-filen sys\/timeb.h (i stedet for ftime b\u00f8r gettimeofday eller clock_gettime brukes);\n<li class=\"l\"> Funksjonen gettimeofday overf\u00f8rer n\u00e5 ikke lenger informasjon om den generelle systemtidszonen (denne muligheten var relevant i 4.2-BSD og har v\u00e6rt erkl\u00e6rt utdatert i mange \u00e5r). I argumentet &#8216;tzp&#8217; skal det n\u00e5 sendes en nullpekere, og for \u00e5 f\u00e5 informasjon om tidssonen knyttet til aktuell tid skal funksjonen localtime() brukes. N\u00e5r gettimeofday kalles med et ikke-null argument &#8216;tzp&#8217;, returneres tomme felt tz_minuteswest og tz_dsttime i timezone-strukturen. Selve funksjonen gettimeofday anses som utdatert i POSIX (i stedet for gettimeofday anbefales det \u00e5 bruke clock_gettime), men det er ikke planlagt \u00e5 fjerne den fra glibc;\n<li class=\"l\"> I settimeofday er st\u00f8tten for samtidig overf\u00f8ring av parametere for \u00e5 sette tid og korrektiv tidsforskyvning avsluttet. N\u00e5r settimeofday kalles, m\u00e5 ett av argumentene (tid eller forskyvning) n\u00e5 n\u00f8dvendigvis settes til null, ellers vil funksjonskallet avsluttes med feilmeldingen EINVAL. Akkurat som gettimeofday, anses funksjonen settimeofday for utdaterte i POSIX, og det anbefales \u00e5 bruke funksjonen clock_settime eller funksjonsfamilien adjtime i stedet;\n<li class=\"l\"> St\u00f8tten for arkitekturen SPARC ISA v7 er avsluttet (st\u00f8tten for v8 er fortsatt bevart, men bare for prosessorer med st\u00f8tte for CAS-instruksjoner, som LEON-prosessorer, men ikke SuperSPARC-prosessorer).\n<li class=\"l\"> Ved en sammenkoblingsfeil i modus &#171;<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.oracle.com\/cd\/E23824_01\/html\/819-0690\/chapter3-7.html\">lazy<\/a><\/noindex>&#171;, der linker ikke s\u00f8ker etter funksjonsymboler f\u00f8r f\u00f8rste gang denne funksjonen kalles, vil funksjonen dlopen n\u00e5 tvinge prosessen til \u00e5 avslutte (tidligere returnerte den NULL ved feil);\n<li class=\"l\"> For ABI MIPS hard-float brukes det n\u00e5 et kj\u00f8rbart stack, med mindre det under byggingen spesifikt er angitt en begrensning for bruk av Linux-kjernen 4.8+ gjennom parameteren &#171;&#8212;enable-kernel=4.8.0&#187; (med kjerner opp til 4.8 oppst\u00e5r det feil for enkelte MIPS-konfigurasjoner);\n<li class=\"l\"> Binde over systemkall relatert til tidsmanipulering er oversatt til bruk av systemkallet time64, n\u00e5r det er tilgjengelig (p\u00e5 32-biters systemer pr\u00f8ver glibc f\u00f8rst \u00e5 bruke de nye systemkallene som manipulerer 64-biters tidstype, og hvis de ikke er tilstede, faller det tilbake til de gamle 32-biters kallene).\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Kilde: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52293\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 GNU C Library (glibc) 2.31, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432 ISO C11 \u0438 POSIX.1-2008. \u0412 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 58 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0418\u0437 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 Glibc 2.31 \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c: \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441 _ISOC2X_SOURCE \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439, \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 ISO C2X. \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41014","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.5 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link 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