{"id":91969,"date":"2020-08-21T07:42:01","date_gmt":"2020-08-21T05:42:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/monitoring-postgresql-s-ispolzovaniem-zabbix"},"modified":"2020-08-21T07:42:01","modified_gmt":"2020-08-21T05:42:01","slug":"monitoring-postgresql-s-ispolzovaniem-zabbix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/no\/blog\/administrirovanie\/monitoring-postgresql-s-ispolzovaniem-zabbix","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL-overv\u00e5king med Zabbix","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PostgreSQL-overv\u00e5king med Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/b17310212ae5dc4da0ca7d78312ca8ef.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Foredrag av Darya Vilkova for Zabbix Meetup Online <\/em><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Jeg vil introdusere deg for et overv\u00e5kingsverkt\u00f8y for PostgreSQL og operativsystemet som utvikles av v\u00e5rt selskap ved hjelp av Zabbix. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Vi har valgt Zabbix som overv\u00e5kingsverkt\u00f8y for lenge siden, fordi det er en plattform med \u00e5pen kildekode, st\u00f8ttet av et aktivt fellesskap, som er sv\u00e6rt popul\u00e6r i Russland. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Vi har laget en aktiv agent \u2014 Mamonsu, som gir mer fleksibel overv\u00e5king enn hva de standard verkt\u00f8yene tillot p\u00e5 den tiden, og som s\u00f8rger for innsamling av metrikker og sending til Zabbix Server. I v\u00e5rt selskap brukes Mamonsu ved gjennomf\u00f8ring av revisjoner.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"mamonsu\">Mamonsu<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Mamonsu er en aktiv agent (Zabbix Trapper) for overv\u00e5king av PostgreSQL og operativsystemet. Mamonsu (skrevet i Python) lar deg konfigurere overv\u00e5kingsparametere for PostgreSQL og operativsystemet p\u00e5 fem minutter. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Mamonsu har ekstra verkt\u00f8y:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>mamonsu tune \u2014 en kommando som redigerer konfigurasjonsinnstillingene i PostgreSQL-filen for maskinen som har Mamonsu-agenten installert. <\/li>\n<li>mamonsu report \u2014 en kommando som skaper svar om operativsystemet og PostgreSQL.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Mamonsu installeres p\u00e5 databaseserveren, samler informasjon, komprimerer den til JSON, som sendes for visualisering til Zabbix Server, hvor det m\u00e5 v\u00e6re en mal for metrikene.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PostgreSQL-overv\u00e5king med Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9d87556e4b31b27cb7698b32b5f1e2c4.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><em>Arbeidsflyt for Mamonsu<\/em> <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"vozmozhnosti-mamonsu\">Muligheter med Mamonsu<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Effektiv h\u00e5ndtering av PostgreSQL<\/strong>. En konstant tilkobling til PostgreSQL er den st\u00f8rste fordelen med Mamonsu. Det maksimale antallet tilkoblinger er likt det maksimale antallet databaser som det kobles til.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Utvidbarhet<\/strong>. Mamonsu er en helt \u00abplugin\u00bb-basert agent, og takket v\u00e6re den faste strukturen til hver plugin og enkelheten av Python, kan man lett l\u00e6re \u00e5 skrive nye eller redigere standard plugins, dvs. parametere for innsamling av metrikker.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bred dekning av metrikker for overv\u00e5king<\/strong> for PostgreSQL, inkludert metrikker fra spesifikke utvidelser. <\/li>\n<li>Rask oppstart, <strong>tilgjengelighet \u00abut av boksen\u00bb<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Eksport av maler og konfigurasjonsfiler<\/strong>, samt opplasting til Zabbix Server.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kryssplattform<\/strong>, noe som er viktig for v\u00e5re kunder som bruker forskjellige Linux-distribusjoner, inkludert innenlandske.<\/li>\n<li><strong>BSD-klausul-lisens<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>For now, we offer a variety of plugins, and in each subsequent version, we strive to add something new.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>14 plugins for PostgreSQL, <\/li>\n<li>8 plugins for OS Linux,<\/li>\n<li>4 plugins for OS Windows.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Mamonsu collects over 110 metrics from PostgreSQL and operating systems:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>70 PostgreSQL metrics,<\/li>\n<li>40 OS Linux metrics,<\/li>\n<li>8 OS Windows metrics.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Key metrics include database availability, connection count, database size, checkpoints, read\/write speed, locks, number of autovacuum processes, and WAL generation speed. The complete list of available metrics, along with detailed descriptions of all tools, can be found on <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/postgrespro\/mamonsu\">depotet<\/a><\/noindex> the GitHub site. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PostgreSQL-overv\u00e5king med Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/259cc7f1b6ab0cf137cef6b4e9a22c0f.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><em>List of available metrics on the GitHub site<\/em><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"zapusk-mamonsu-za-5-minut\">Launch Mamonsu in 5 minutes<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Setting up PostgreSQL monitoring and the operating system with Mamonsu can be done in 5 minutes by performing 5 simple actions.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Installing Mamonsu<\/strong>. Mamonsu can be built from source or use available packages.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><code>$ git clone ... &amp;&amp; cd mamonsu &amp;&amp; python setup.py<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><code>build &amp;&amp; python setup.py install<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Configuring connections<\/strong>. Connection parameters for PostgreSQL and Zabbix Server must be specified in the agent.conf file.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><code>\/etc\/mamonsu\/agent.conf<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Exporting the template to Zabbix Server<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><code>$ mamonsu zabbix template export<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><code>\/usr\/share\/mamonsu\/example.xml<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Adding a network node in Zabbix Server<\/strong>. The exported template will be automatically connected to the new network node on the Zabbix Server.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><code>$ mamonsu zabbix host create mamonsu-demo<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Start<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><code>$ service mamonsu start<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"napravleniya-razvitiya-mamonsu\">Development directions for Mamonsu<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>As part of the development of Mamonsu, we plan to enhance metrics and create new plugins, such as a plugin for monitoring the size of individual tables. We also plan to improve and create additional tools, as well as expand auto-tuning capabilities through the command <strong>mamonsu tune<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"modul-monitoringa-postgresql-v-sostave-zabbix-agent-2\">PostgreSQL monitoring module within Zabbix Agent 2<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>A fast and popular driver is used to connect to PostgreSQL <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/jackc\/pgx\">pgx<\/a><\/noindex> (PG driver and toolkit for Go).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Currently, we use two interfaces: Exporter, which invokes the handler by key, and Configurator Zabbix Agent 2, which reads and validates connection parameters set in the configuration file.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>We have optimized the work of the DBMS by grouping metrics and using a handler for metrics and groups of metrics, as well as using metric groups in JSON as dependent variables (dependency items), and low-level discovery (discovery rules). <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"osnovnye-vozmozhnosti\">Hovedmuligheter<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>maintaining persistent connections to PostgreSQL between checks; <\/li>\n<li>support for flexible polling intervals; <\/li>\n<li>kompatibilitet med PostgreSQL-versjoner fra 10 og Zabbix Server fra versjon 4.4;<\/li>\n<li>muligheten for \u00e5 koble til og overv\u00e5ke flere PostgreSQL-instansene samtidig, takket v\u00e6re at Zabbix Agent 2 lar deg opprette flere sesjoner.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"urovni-parametrov-podklyucheniya-k-postgresql\">Niv\u00e5er for tilkoblingsparametere til PostgreSQL<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Det finnes totalt tre niv\u00e5er av tilkoblingsparametere til PostgreSQL, alts\u00e5 oppgaver og innstillinger:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Global,<\/li>\n<li>Sessions,<\/li>\n<li>Macros.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>Global-innstillingene defineres p\u00e5 agentniv\u00e5, mens Sessions og Macros bestemmer tilkoblingsparametrene til databasen.<\/p>\n<p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Tilkoblingsparametrene til PostgreSQL \u2014 Sessions angis i filen <strong>zabbix_agent2.conf<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PostgreSQL-overv\u00e5king med Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/d88abf88cb106e81f0e7eb23a1d4a193.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><em>Tilkoblingsparametrene til PostgreSQL \u2014 Sessions<\/em><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Etter n\u00f8kkelordet <strong>Sessions<\/strong> angis et unikt sesjonsnavn, som m\u00e5 oppgis i n\u00f8kkelen (malen). <\/li>\n<li>Parametere <strong>URI<\/strong> og <strong>UserName<\/strong> er obligatoriske for hver sesjon. <\/li>\n<li>Hvis databasens navn ikke er angitt, brukes et globalt standarddatabase-navn for alle sesjoner for PostgreSQL, som ogs\u00e5 er angitt i konfigurasjonsfilen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Tilkoblingsparametrene til PostgreSQL \u2014 Macros angis i metrikkens n\u00f8kkel i malen (p\u00e5 samme m\u00e5te som i Zabbix Agent 1), alts\u00e5 opprettes i malen og angis videre som parametre i n\u00f8kkelen. Sekvensen av makroer er fast, for eksempel, <strong>URI<\/strong> angis alltid f\u00f8rst.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PostgreSQL-overv\u00e5king med Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/3918b9de0118f901e916542f955bd17b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><em>Tilkoblingsparametrene til PostgreSQL \u2014 Macros<\/em> <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>PostgreSQL-overv\u00e5kningsmodulen inneholder allerede over 95 metrikker, som gir et ganske bredt spektrum av PostgreSQL-parametere, inkludert:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>antall forbindelser,<\/li>\n<li>st\u00f8rrelse p\u00e5 databaser, <\/li>\n<li>arkivering av wal-filer,<\/li>\n<li>kontrollpunkter,<\/li>\n<li>antall \"utvidede\" tabeller,<\/li>\n<li>replikasjonsstatus,<\/li>\n<li>replikasjonsforsinkelse.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>PostgreSQL-metrikker er ikke informative uten operativsystemparametere. Men Zabbix Agent 2 kan allerede samle operativsystemparametere, s\u00e5 for \u00e5 f\u00e5 et komplett bilde kobler vi bare n\u00f8dvendige maler til nettverksnoden.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"obrabotchik-handler\">Behandler (handler)<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Behandler (handler) \u2014 den grunnleggende enheten av modulen, hvor selve foresp\u00f8rselen utf\u00f8res og som lar deg motta metrikker.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>For \u00e5 f\u00e5 en enkel metrikk:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Opprett en fil for \u00e5 hente den nye metrikken:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>zabbix\/src\/go\/plugins\/postgres\/handler_uptime.go<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Koble til pakken og angi den unike n\u00f8kkelen (n\u00f8klene) for metrikker:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PostgreSQL-overv\u00e5king med Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/692acc55377c18ee37a9e1d426ebeccb.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Opprett en behandler (handler) med foresp\u00f8rselen, det vil si initier en variabel som vil inneholde resultatet:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PostgreSQL-overv\u00e5king med Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/79e10e34edb78942acb6a264896be12d.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Utf\u00f8r foresp\u00f8rselen:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PostgreSQL-overv\u00e5king med Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/b7555bba37978302337ea0093dd1bb5c.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Det er n\u00f8dvendig \u00e5 sjekke foresp\u00f8rselen for feil, hvoretter resultatet vil bli fanget opp av Zabbix Agent 2-prosessen. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Vi registrerer n\u00f8kkelen til den nye metrikken:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"PostgreSQL-overv\u00e5king med Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/63256811903feacc5cf88e0a272aebd9.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Etter registreringen av metrikken kan agenten bygges om med den nye metrikken.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Modulen er tilgjengelig fra Zabbix 5.0 p\u00e5 nettstedet <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zabbix.com\/download\">https:\/\/www.zabbix.com\/download<\/a><\/noindex>. I denne versjonen av Zabbix angis parametrene separat via vert og port. I Zabbix 5.0.2, som snart vil bli utgitt, vil tilkoblingsparameterne bli kompaktisert i \u00e9n URI.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Takk for oppmerksomheten! <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"poleznye-ssylki\">Nyttige lenker<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/postgrespro\/mamonsu\">GitHub Mamonsu<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/postgrespro.ru\/docs\/postgrespro\/11\/mamonsu\">Dokumentasjon for Mamonsu<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.zabbix.com\/projects\/ZBX\/repos\/zabbix\/browse\/src\/go\/plugins\/postgres\">Zabbix Git<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Kilde: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/zabbix\/blog\/515816\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u0414\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0438 \u0412\u0438\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f Zabbix Meetup Online \u042f \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 PostgreSQL \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Zabbix. \u041c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 Zabbix \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438. \u041c\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442 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