1C - zabwino ndi zoipa. Kukonzekera kwa mfundo mu holivars mozungulira 1C

Anzanga ndi ogwira nawo ntchito, posachedwapa pakhala nkhani zambiri za Habré zodana ndi 1C monga nsanja yachitukuko, ndi zolankhula za otsutsa ake. Nkhanizi zidazindikira vuto limodzi lalikulu: nthawi zambiri, otsutsa a 1C amadzudzula kuti "osachidziwa", kudzudzula mavuto omwe amathetsedwa mosavuta, ndipo, m'malo mwake, osakhudza mavuto omwe ali ofunikira, oyenera. kukambirana ndipo sizikuthetsedwa ndi wogulitsa . Ndikukhulupirira kuti ndizomveka kuchita kuwunika moyenera komanso moyenera papulatifomu ya 1C. Zomwe angachite, zomwe sangathe kuchita, zomwe ayenera kuchita koma osachita, ndipo, chifukwa cha mchere, zomwe zimachita ndi kuphulika, ndi omanga anu ku%technology_name% adzachita zaka zana, kuzitaya. kuposa chaka chimodzi bajeti.

Chotsatira chake, inu, monga woyang'anira kapena womangamanga, mudzatha kumvetsetsa bwino za ntchito yomwe ingakhale yopindulitsa kuti mugwiritse ntchito 1C, komanso komwe iyenera kutenthedwa ndi chitsulo chotentha. Monga wopanga dziko la "non-1C", mudzatha kuwona zomwe zili mu 1C zomwe zikuyambitsa mkangano. Ndipo monga wopanga 1C, mudzatha kufanizitsa dongosolo lanu ndi chilengedwe cha zilankhulo zina ndikumvetsetsa komwe muli pamakina opangira mapulogalamu.

Pansi pa odulidwa pali kuukira kochuluka kwa 1C, pa otsutsa a 1C, pa Java, .NET ndi ambiri ... Wowombayo ali wodzaza, olandiridwa!

Payekha

Ndakhala ndikuzidziwa bwino nkhani ya zokambirana kuyambira pafupifupi 2004. Ndakhala ndikulemba mapulogalamu mwina kuyambira ndili ndi zaka 6, kuyambira pomwe ndidalandira buku lonena za Pulofesa Fortran ndi nthabwala za mphaka, mpheta ndi mbozi. Ndinasanthula mapologalamu amene mphakayo analemba kuchokera pa zithunzi za m’bukulo ndikupeza zimene anachita. Ndipo inde, ndinalibe kompyuta yeniyeni panthawiyo, koma panali chojambula pa kufalikira kwa bukhuli ndipo ndinasindikiza moona mtima mabatani a mapepala, ndikulowetsa malamulo omwe ndinawawona pamphaka X.

Ndiye panali BK0011 ndi BASIC kusukulu, C ++ ndi assemblers ku yunivesite, ndiye 1C, ndiyeno zinthu zina zambiri zomwe ine ndimakhala waulesi kukumbukira. Kwa zaka 15 zapitazi, ndakhala ndikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi 1C, osati polemba zolemba, koma mu 1C yonse. Kukhazikitsa ntchito, kasamalidwe ndi ma devops apa. Kwa zaka 5 zapitazi ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito zothandiza anthu popanga zida zachitukuko ndi zodzichitira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ena a 1C, kulemba zolemba ndi mabuku.

Tiyeni tisankhe pa mutu wa zokambirana

Choyamba, tiyeni tifotokoze zomwe tikambirana, popeza zilembo "1C" zingatanthauze zinthu zambiri. Pankhaniyi, ndi zilembo "1C" titanthawuza kokha chitukuko cha "1C: Enterprise" chamakono, chachisanu ndi chitatu. Sitidzalankhula zambiri za wopanga ndi mfundo zake (koma tifunika kuchita pang'ono). Tekinoloje ndi yosiyana, mapulogalamu aka masinthidwe ndi osiyana.

Zomangamanga zapamwamba 1C: Enterprise

Palibe chifukwa chomwe ndimatchula mawu oti "framework". Kuchokera pamalingaliro a wopanga, nsanja ya 1C ndiyokhazikika. Ndipo muyenera kuchitira izo chimodzimodzi ngati chimango. Ganizirani ngati Spring kapena ASP.NET, yochitidwa ndi nthawi yothamanga (JVM kapena CLR motsatana). Zimachitika kuti m'dziko la mapulogalamu ochiritsira ("osati 1C"), kugawikana muzitsulo, makina enieni ndi ntchito zenizeni ndi zachilengedwe, chifukwa chakuti zigawozi nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi opanga osiyanasiyana. M'dziko la 1C, sichizolowezi kusiyanitsa momveka bwino ndondomeko yachitukuko ndi nthawi yothamanga yokha; Zotsatira zake, chisokonezo china chimabuka. Choncho, mkati mwa nkhaniyo, tiyenera kuganizira 1C kuchokera mbali zingapo nthawi imodzi ndikuziyika pamodzi ndi nkhwangwa zingapo. Ndipo mu mgwirizano uliwonse tidzayika fosholo ya zinthu zofiirira ndikuyang'ana mawonekedwe, ubwino ndi kuipa kwa yankho lomwe lilipo.

Mawonekedwe a 1C

1C kwa wogula

Wogula amagula makina odzipangira okha omwe amatha kuthana nawo mwachangu mavuto opangira bizinesi yake. Bizinesi ikhoza kukhala khola laling'ono, kapena ikhoza kukhala kampani yayikulu. Zikuwonekeratu kuti zosowa zamabizinesiwa ndizosiyana, koma zonse zimathandizidwa ndi maziko amodzi a pulatifomu.

Kwa wogula 1C iyi ndi nthawi yachangu yopita kumsika. Mofulumira. Mofulumira kuposa Java, C# kapena JS. Avereji. Kuzungulira chipatala. Zikuwonekeratu kuti tsamba la makhadi abizinesi pogwiritsa ntchito React zikhala bwino, koma kumbuyo kwa kachitidwe ka WMS kudzayamba mwachangu pa 1C.

1C ngati chida

Yankho lililonse laukadaulo lili ndi malire ogwiritsira ntchito. 1C si chilankhulo cha cholinga chambiri; Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito 1C ngati mukufuna:

• pulogalamu ya seva
• ntchito kumene ndalama zikuwonekera
• yokhala ndi UI, ORM, Reporting, XML/JSON/COM/PDF/YourDataTransferingFormat
• ndi chithandizo cha njira zakumbuyo ndi ntchito
• ndi chitetezo chotengera ntchito
• ndi scriptable business logic
• ndi kuthekera kopanga mwachangu fanizo komanso nthawi yotsika pamsika

Simufunika 1C ngati mukufuna:

• makina kuphunzira
• Kuwerengera kwa GPU
• zithunzi zamakompyuta
• masamu masamu
• CAD system
• kukonza ma sign (phokoso, kanema)
• tsitsani mafoni a http ndi mazana masauzande a ma rps

1C ngati kampani yopanga

Ndikoyenera kumvetsetsa zomwe bizinesi ya 1C monga wopanga mapulogalamu ndi. Kampani ya 1C imagulitsa njira zothetsera mavuto abizinesi pogwiritsa ntchito makina. Mabizinesi osiyanasiyana, akulu kapena ang'ono, koma ndi zomwe amagulitsa. Njira zokwaniritsira cholinga ichi ndi ntchito zamabizinesi. Pakuti akawunti, malipiro accounting, etc. Kulemba ntchito izi, kampani amagwiritsa ntchito bizinesi yake chitukuko chitukuko nsanja. Zopangidwira ntchito zomwe wamba zamabizinesi omwewo:

• ndalama zowerengera
• makonda osavuta amalingaliro abizinesi
• kuthekera kophatikizana kwakukulu mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya IT

Monga wopanga, 1C imakhulupirira kuti iyi ndi njira yomwe imakulolani kuti mugwire ntchito ndi abwenzi ndi makasitomala munjira yopambana. Mutha kutsutsana ndi izi, koma izi ndi momwe kampaniyo imadzilimbikitsira: mayankho okonzeka ku zovuta zamabizinesi omwe amatha kusinthidwa mwachangu ndi anzawo ndikuphatikizidwa mumtundu uliwonse wa IT.

Zofuna zonse kapena zokhumba za 1C ngati chimango ziyenera kuwonedwa kudzera mu prism iyi. "Tikufuna OOP mu 1C," akutero opanga. "Zidzatengera ndalama zingati kuti tithandizire OOP papulatifomu, izi zitithandiza kukulitsa malonda a mabokosi?" Amatsegula "prism" yake yogulitsa zothetsera mavuto abizinesi:

- Hei, bizinesi, mukufuna OOP mu 1C yanu?
- Kodi izi zidzandithandiza kuthetsa mavuto anga?
- Angadziwe ndani...
- Ndiye palibe chifukwa

Njirayi ikhoza kukhala yabwino kapena yoyipa malinga ndi yemwe akuyang'ana, koma ndi momwe zilili. Polankhula zakuti palibe mawonekedwe a X mu 1C, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti palibe chifukwa, koma posankha "mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito motsutsana ndi kuchuluka kwa phindu".

Gulu laukadaulo

"M'malo mwake, Odinesniks amachita zonse zomwe angathe kuti agwiritse ntchito njira zabwino kwambiri, zosankhidwa mosamala ndi akatswiri osamalira njira komanso opanga nsanja ya 1C.
Mukalemba nambala yanu yopusa ya fomu yosavuta yoyendetsedwa, kwenikweni mukugwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo-mawonedwe-wolamulira с njira ziwiri zomangira deta в injini zosanjikiza zitatu-data-app-injini, kukoma mkulu mlingo-chinthu-mapu m'munsi Kufotokozera kwa metadata yolengezakukhala nazo zake chilankhulo chodziyimira papulatifomu, c Mawonekedwe a ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amayendetsedwa ndi data, kusanja kosawoneka bwino komanso chilankhulo chokhazikika pamadongosolo.

Pomwe opanga 1C amasiyana ndi anzawo aku Western ali mu PR. Amakonda kupatsa ng'ombe iliyonse dzina lalikulu ndikuthamanga nayo ngati thumba lodetsedwa. "
A. Orefkov

Pulatifomu ya 1C ili ndi zomangamanga zapamwamba za 3-tier, pakati pake ndi seva yogwiritsira ntchito (kapena kutengera kwake ndalama zochepa kwa ogulitsa ang'onoang'ono). MS SQL kapena Postgres amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati DBMS. Palinso chithandizo cha Oracle ndi IBM DB2, koma izi ndizovuta kwambiri; Ndikukhulupirira kuti 1C palokha sikudziwa izi.

Gawo lamakasitomala ndi kasitomala woonda woyikidwa pamakina a wogwiritsa ntchito kapena kasitomala wapa intaneti. Chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti olemba mapulogalamu samalemba zizindikiro za 2 zosiyana, amalemba ntchito imodzi, m'chinenero chimodzi, ndipo mukhoza kuwonetsera mu msakatuli ngati pali chikhumbo kapena chosowa. Ndani kumeneko ankafuna zoona zonse okwana ndi chinenero chimodzi kutsogolo ndi backend, node.js? Iwo sanathe kuchita chimodzimodzi mpaka mapeto. Kuchuluka kwenikweni kulipo, koma muyenera kulemba mu 1C. Zodabwitsa za tsoka, zinthu zotere :)

Yankho lamtambo la SaaS 1C: Latsopano limagwiranso ntchito mumsakatuli, momwe simungagule 1C, koma kubwereka kabuku kakang'ono ndikusunga zogulitsa za shawarma pamenepo. Mu msakatuli, popanda kukhazikitsa kapena kukonza chilichonse.

Komanso, pali kasitomala cholowa, amene mu 1C amatchedwa "nthawi zonse ntchito". Cholowa ndi cholowa, talandiridwa kudziko lazofunsira mu 2002, komabe tikukamba za momwe chilengedwe chilili.

Gawo la seva la 1C limathandizira masango ndi masikelo powonjezera makina atsopano pagulu. Makope ambiri aphwanyidwa pano ndipo padzakhala gawo lina m'nkhani ya izi. Mwachidule, izi sizofanana ndi kuwonjezera zochitika zingapo zomwezo kumbuyo kwa HAProxy.

Ndondomeko yoyendetsera ntchito imagwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo chake, chomwe chimafanana ndi VB6 yosinthidwa pang'ono yomasuliridwa ku Chirasha. Kwa anthu omwe amadana ndi chilichonse cha Chirasha, omwe sakhulupirira kuti "ngati" amamasuliridwa kuti "ngati," njira yachiwiri ya syntax imaperekedwa. Iwo. Ngati mukufuna, mutha kuyilemba mu 1C m'njira yoti ndi yosadziwika bwino ndi VB.

Chilankhulo chokonzekera ichi ndicho chifukwa chachikulu cha kudana ndi mayina a 1C ku nsanja yawo. Tiyeni tiyang'ane nazo, osati popanda chifukwa. Chilankhulocho chinapangidwa kukhala chosavuta momwe zingathere, chopangidwa kuti chikwaniritse mawu akuti "DEVELOPERS, DEVELOPERS" pamlingo wa CIS. Cholinga cha malonda cha njira yotereyi, mwa lingaliro langa, chikuwonekera momveka bwino: omanga ambiri, kufalikira kwakukulu kwa msika. Izi zidakwaniritsidwa, malinga ndi kuyerekezera kosiyanasiyana kuyambira 45% mpaka 95%. Ndidzanena nthawi yomweyo kuti kulemba m'chinenero chomwe mukuganiza kuti n'chosavuta. Ndipo ndikudziwa zilankhulo zambiri zamapulogalamu.

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi chinenero.

1C chilankhulo cha pulogalamu

Pa nthawi yomweyo mfundo yamphamvu ndi yofooka ya dongosolo. Amapereka kulowa mosavuta komanso kuwerenga. Kumbali inayi, sichinasinthidwepo chiyambire kutulutsidwa kwa mtundu 8 mu 2002 ndipo ndi yachikale. Wina anganene kuti "chovuta chachikulu ndikuti palibe OOP" ndipo iwo adzakhala olakwika. Choyamba, PLO sakonda Nuraliev yekha, komanso Torvalds. Ndipo chachiwiri, OOP ikadalipo.

Kuchokera pamalingaliro a wopanga mapulogalamu, ali ndi dongosolo lomwe lili ndi makalasi oyambira omwe amawonetsedwa pa DBMS. Wopanga mapulogalamu atha kutenga kalasi yoyambira "Directory" ndikukhala ndi chikwatu cha "Clients" kuchokera pamenepo. Ikhoza kuwonjezera magawo atsopano a kalasi, mwachitsanzo, INN ndi Adilesi, komanso, ngati kuli kofunikira, ikhoza kupitirira (kupitirira) njira zamagulu oyambira, mwachitsanzo, njira ya OnWrite/AtRecord.

Ndondomekoyi idapangidwa m'njira yoti cholowa chozama sichifunikira, ndipo choletsa mu OOP, m'malingaliro mwanga, ndichomveka. 1C imayang'ana pa Domain Driven Development ndikukupangitsani kuganiza, choyamba, za gawo la yankho lomwe likupangidwa, ndipo izi ndizabwino. Palibe mayesero okha, komanso palibe chifukwa cholembera ma DTO 10 osiyanasiyana ndi ViewModels kuti mungowonetsa zina kuchokera ku domain kwinakwake. Wopanga 1C nthawi zonse amagwira ntchito ndi gulu limodzi, osasokoneza malingaliro ndi makalasi khumi ndi awiri omwe ali ndi mayina ofanana, omwe akuyimira gulu lomwelo, koma kuchokera kumbali ina. Pulogalamu iliyonse ya .NET, mwachitsanzo, idzakhala ndi ma ViewModels asanu kapena awiri ndi ma DTO kuti asinthe kukhala JSON ndi kusamutsa deta kuchokera kwa kasitomala kupita ku seva. Ndipo pafupifupi 10-15% ya code yanu yogwiritsira ntchito idzagwiritsidwa ntchito kusamutsa deta kuchokera ku kalasi imodzi kupita ku ina pogwiritsa ntchito zolembera kapena ndodo monga AutoMapper. Khodi iyi iyenera kulembedwa ndipo olemba mapulogalamu ayenera kulipidwa kuti apange ndikuisunga.

Zikuwonekeratu kuti chilankhulo cha 1C ndizovuta kupanga popanda kusokoneza mpaka pamlingo wa zilankhulo zambiri, motero kutaya mwayi wosavuta. Kodi ntchito ya wogulitsayo ndi yotani yomwe ikuthetsedwa: kupereka njira yokhazikika yomwe wophunzira aliyense wogwidwa pamsewu angakhoze kusintha mwamakonda ndi mlingo wofunikira wa khalidwe (i.e., nkhani yochokera ku khola kupita ku fakitale yaikulu yatsirizidwa). Ngati ndinu khola, tengani wophunzira; Mfundo yakuti ogwira nawo ntchito amagulitsa ophunzira pamtengo wa guru si vuto ndi chimango. Zomangamanga, chimangocho chiyenera kuthetsa mavuto onse awiri, ndondomeko ya masinthidwe okhazikika (omwe tidagulitsa kwa mabizinesi ndi lonjezo lakusintha) ayenera kumveka bwino ndi wophunzira, ndipo mphunzitsi ayenera kumvetsetsa chilichonse chomwe mukufuna.

Zomwe, m'malingaliro mwanga, zikusowa kwenikweni m'chinenerocho, zomwe zimakukakamizani kuti mulembe zambiri kuposa momwe mungathere, ndizomwe zimawononga nthawi yolipidwa ndi kasitomala.

• Kuthekera kolemba pamlingo, mwachitsanzo, TypeScript (zotsatira zake, zida zowunikira ma code mu IDE, refactoring, ma jambs ocheperako)
  Kupezeka kwa ntchito ngati zinthu za kalasi yoyamba. Lingaliro lovuta pang'ono, koma kuchuluka kwa ma boilerplate-code kumatha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri. Kumvetsetsa kwa wophunzirayo pama code, IMHO, kungachuluke chifukwa chakuchepa kwa voliyumu
• Universal zosonkhanitsira literals, oyambitsa. Zomwezo - kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha code chomwe chiyenera kulembedwa ndi / kapena kuyang'ana ndi maso anu. Kudzaza zosonkhanitsa kumatenga nthawi yopitilira 9000% ya nthawi ya pulogalamu ya 1C. Kulemba izi popanda shuga wopangidwa ndi nthawi yayitali, okwera mtengo komanso osalakwitsa. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa LOC mu 1C mayankho kumaposa malire onse omwe angaganizidwe poyerekeza ndi mawonekedwe otseguka omwe alipo ndipo, makamaka, ma Javas anu onse ophatikizidwa. Chilankhulochi ndi verbose, ndipo izi zimasintha kukhala kuchuluka kwa deta, kukumbukira, mabuleki a IDE, nthawi, ndalama ...
• pomaliza zomanga ndili ndi lingaliro loti kumanga uku kulibe chifukwa sanapeze kumasulira kopambana mu Chirasha :)
• Mitundu ya data yanu (popanda OOP), ma analogue a Type kuchokera ku VB6. Zikuthandizani kuti musalembe zomangira pogwiritsa ntchito ndemanga mu BSP ndi njira zamatsenga zomwe zimamanga izi. Timapeza: kachidindo kakang'ono, chidziwitso kudzera padontho, yankho lachangu ku vuto, zolakwika zochepa chifukwa cha typos ndi kusowa kwa zomanga. Tsopano kulemba kwa mawonekedwe a ogwiritsa ntchito kumakhala kotheratu ndi gulu lachitukuko la Standard Subsystem Library, lomwe, mwachidziwitso chake, limalemba mosamalitsa ndemanga pa zomwe zikuyembekezeka za magawo omwe adadutsa.
• Palibe shuga mukamagwira ntchito ndi mafoni asynchronous pa kasitomala wa intaneti. callback-gehena mu mawonekedwe a ProcessingNotifications ndi ndodo kwakanthawi chifukwa cha kusintha kwadzidzidzi mu API ya asakatuli akuluakulu, koma simungathe kukhala motere nthawi zonse; mochulukira. Onjezani chithandizo cha paradigm iyi mu IDE yayikulu ndipo zinthu zikuipiraipira.

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa mavuto kukanikiza, n'zoonekeratu kuti mndandanda akhoza kukhala lalikulu kwambiri, koma tisaiwale kuti akadali si chinenero wamba, sikutanthauza multithreading, lambda ntchito, kupeza GPU ndi kudya. kuwerengetsera mfundo zoyandama. Ichi ndi chilankhulo cholembera bizinesi.

Wolemba mapulogalamu omwe adagwirapo kale ntchito ndi chinenerochi, amayang'ana mu js kapena c #, amatopa mkati mwa chinenerochi. Ndi zoona. Akufunika chitukuko. Kumbali ina ya sikelo ya wogulitsa ndi mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito zomwe zafotokozedwazo motsutsana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwawo. Pano ndilibe chidziwitso chilichonse chokhudza zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira pamaso pa kampaniyi.

Chitukuko chilengedwe

Panonso zinthu sizikuyenda bwino. Pali magawo awiri a chitukuko. Yoyamba ndi Configurator yomwe ikuphatikizidwa pakupereka. Chachiwiri ndi malo a Enterprise Development Tools, kapena EDT mwachidule, opangidwa pamaziko a Eclipse.

Wokonza amapereka ntchito zambiri zachitukuko, amathandizira mbali zonse ndipo ndi malo akuluakulu pamsika. Zimakhalanso zachikale, osati kukula, malinga ndi mphekesera - chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ngongole zaukadaulo mkati mwazokha. Zinthu zitha kusintha potsegula API yamkati (mwanjira yaubwenzi ndi Snowman A. Orefkova kapena payekha), koma izi siziri choncho. Zochita zasonyeza kuti anthu ammudzi adzalemba zinthu zawo mu IDE, malinga ngati wogulitsa sakusokoneza. Koma ife tiri nazo zomwe tiri nazo. Zosintha zinali zabwino mu 2004-2005, zomwe zimakumbukira Visual Studio nthawi imeneyo, m'malo ena zinali zozizirirapo, koma zidakhazikika nthawi imeneyo.

Komanso, voliyumu ya njira muyezo muyezo wakula kangapo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, ndipo lero IDE basi sangathe kulimbana ndi kuchuluka kwa malamulo amene amadyetsedwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukonzanso mphamvu sikulinso ziro, zili zofiira. Zonsezi sizikuwonjezera chidwi kwa opanga ndipo amalota kusamukira kuzinthu zina zamoyo ndikupitirizabe kulembera zonyansa kumeneko, koma m'malo osangalatsa omwe sakulavulira pamaso panu ndi khalidwe lake.

M'malo mwake, IDE yolembedwa kuyambira poyambira, yomangidwa pa Eclipse, imaperekedwa. Kumeneko, magwero, monga mu mapulogalamu ena aliwonse, amakhala ngati mafayilo olembedwa, amasungidwa mu GIT, kukoka nthambi zopempha, zonsezi. Kumbali inayi, sinasiyire mawonekedwe a beta kwa zaka zambiri tsopano, ngakhale ikukhala bwino ndikumasulidwa kulikonse. Sindidzalemba za zovuta za EDT, lero ndizochepa, mawa ndizokhazikika. Kufunika kwa kufotokozera koteroko kudzazimiririka mwamsanga. Masiku ano ndizotheka kukulitsa mu EDT, koma sizachilendo;

Ngati muyang'ana momwe zinthu zilili kudzera mu "1C prism" yomwe tatchulayi, mumapeza chonchi: kutulutsidwa kwa IDE yatsopano sikukuwonjezera malonda a mabokosi, koma kutuluka kwa DEVELOPERS kungachepetse. Ndizovuta kunena zomwe zikuyembekezera chilengedwe malinga ndi chitonthozo cha mapulogalamu, koma Microsoft yasokoneza kale opanga mafoni powapatsa ntchito zake mochedwa.

Kasamalidwe kachitukuko

Chilichonse pano ndichabwino kwambiri kuposa polemba zolemba, makamaka posachedwa, pomwe zoyesayesa za anthu ammudzi zidawonetsa zovuta za kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. , static analysis, auto-deploy ndi etc. Zinthu zambiri zawonjezedwa papulatifomu zomwe zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa ntchito zachitukuko. Komabe, zinthu zonsezi zidawonjezedwa pokhapokha popanga zinthu zathu zazikuluzikulu, pomwe zidawonekeratu kuti sitingathe kuchita popanda makina. Panali zophatikizika zokha, kuyerekeza kwanjira zitatu ndi KDiff ndi zonsezo. Yakhazikitsidwa pa Github gitconverter, amene, moona, adakokedwa kuchoka pa ntchitoyi gitsync, koma zosinthidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi njira zamakampani ogulitsa. Chifukwa cha anyamata ouma khosi otseguka, makina opangira 1C adatsika. API yotseguka ya kasinthidwe, IMHO, ingasinthenso kubwerera m'mbuyo kwa IDE yayikulu.

Masiku ano, kusungirako magwero a 1C mu git ndi mabizinesi okhudzana ndi zovuta ku Jira, ndemanga mu Crucible, batani lakukankha kuchokera ku Jenkins ndi Allure malipoti pakuyesa ma code mu 1C ngakhalenso. static kusanthula mu SonarQube - izi siziri kutali ndi nkhani, koma makamaka m'makampani omwe ali ndi chitukuko cha 1C.

Ulamuliro

Pali zambiri zoti munene apa. Choyamba, iyi ndi, ndithudi, seva (1C seva cluster). Chinthu chodabwitsa, koma chifukwa chakuti ndi bokosi lakuda kwathunthu, lolembedwa mwatsatanetsatane, koma mwatsatanetsatane - kudziwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa ntchito yosasokonezeka mumayendedwe apamwamba pa ma seva angapo ndi kuchuluka kwa osankhidwa ochepa omwe amavala mendulo yokhala ndi mawu akuti "Katswiri pa Nkhani Zaukadaulo". Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti, makamaka, kuyang'anira seva ya 1C sikusiyana ndi kuyang'anira seva ina iliyonse. Ndi ntchito yochokera pa netiweki, yokhala ndi ulusi wambiri yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kukumbukira, CPU, ndi zida za disk. Amapereka mwayi wokwanira wotolera ma telemetry ndi diagnostics.

Vuto apa ndikuti wogulitsa sapereka chilichonse chapadera potengera njira zokonzekera zodziwikiratu. Inde, pali 1C: Instrumentation and Control Center, ndi yabwino kwambiri, koma ndiyokwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo si aliyense amene ali nayo. Pali zochitika zambiri m'deralo zogwirizanitsa Grafana, Zabbix, ELK ndi zinthu zina kuchokera ku dongosolo lokhazikika la admin, koma palibe yankho limodzi lomwe lingagwirizane ndi ambiri. Ntchitoyi ikuyembekezera ngwazi yake. Ndipo ngati muli bizinesi yomwe ikukonzekera kuyambitsa gulu la 1C, muyenera Katswiri. Anu omwe mkati kapena kunja, koma mukufunikira. Ndizachilendo kuti pali gawo losiyana lomwe lili ndi luso pakugwiritsa ntchito seva, osati aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito 1C ayenera kudziwa izi, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti gawo lotere likufunika. Tiyeni titenge SAP mwachitsanzo. Kumeneko, wopanga mapulogalamu, mwinamwake, sangadzuke pampando wake ngati atafunsidwa kuti akonze chinachake pa seva yogwiritsira ntchito. Akhoza kungokhala wopusa ndipo sadzachita manyazi. Mu njira ya SAP pali gawo lapadera la ogwira ntchito pa izi. Pazifukwa zina, mumakampani a 1C amakhulupirira kuti izi ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi wogwira ntchito m'modzi pamalipiro omwewo. Ndi chinyengo.

Zoyipa za seva ya 1C

Pali chimodzimodzi kuchotsera - kudalirika. Kapena, ngati mukufuna, zosayembekezereka. Khalidwe lachilendo ladzidzidzi la seva lakhala kale nkhani mtawuniyi. Njira yapadziko lonse lapansi - kuyimitsa seva ndikuchotsa ma cache onse - imafotokozedwanso mu bukhu la akatswiri, ndipo ngakhale bukhu la batch likulimbikitsidwa kuti lichite izi. Ngati makina anu a 1C ayamba kuchita zomwe siziyenera kuzichita, ndi nthawi yochotsa posungira deta. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwanga, pali anthu atatu okha m'dziko lonselo omwe amadziwa kugwiritsa ntchito seva ya 1C popanda ndondomekoyi ndipo samagawana zinsinsi, chifukwa ... amakhala moyo kuchokera ku izi. Mwina chinsinsi chawo ndi chakuti amayeretsa deta, koma samauza aliyense za izo, bwana.

Kupanda kutero, seva ya 1C ndiyofanana ndi ina iliyonse ndipo imayendetsedwa chimodzimodzi, powerenga zolemba ndikugogoda maseche.

Docker

Kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito seva ya 1C pakupanga sikunatsimikizidwebe. Seva siyimangika ndikungowonjezera ma node kuseri kwa balancer, zomwe zimachepetsa phindu la zopangira zopangira kukhala zocheperako, ndipo mchitidwe wochita bwino m'mitsuko mumayendedwe okweza sanakhazikitsidwe. Zotsatira zake, opanga okha ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Docker + 1C kukhazikitsa malo oyesera. Kumeneko ndikothandiza kwambiri, kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, kumakupatsani mwayi wosewera ndi matekinoloje amakono ndikupumula kuchoka pakukhumudwa kwa kasinthidwe.

Chigawo chamalonda

Kuchokera pamalingaliro azachuma, 1C imakupatsani mwayi wothana ndi vuto loyambitsa malingaliro abizinesi mwachangu chifukwa cha kuthekera kwakukulu kwamakalasi ogwiritsira ntchito. 1C kunja kwa bokosi imapereka Lipoti labwino kwambiri, kuphatikiza ndi chilichonse, kasitomala wapaintaneti, kasitomala wam'manja, kugwiritsa ntchito mafoni, kuthandizira ma DBMS osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza. zaulere, nsanja zonse zonse za seva ndi magawo oyika kasitomala. Inde, UI ya mapulogalamu idzakhala yachikasu, nthawi zina izi zimakhala zochepa, koma osati nthawi zonse.
Posankha 1C, bizinesi imapeza njira zothetsera mapulogalamu omwe amawathandiza kupanga mapulogalamu ambiri, komanso ambiri opanga pamsika omwe akufuna ndalama zochepa kuposa a Javaists ndipo nthawi yomweyo amabala zotsatira mofulumira.

Mwachitsanzo, ntchito yotumiza invoice ya PDF kwa kasitomala imatha kuthetsedwa mu ola limodzi lantchito ya ophunzira. Vuto lomwelo mu .NET litha kuthetsedwa pogula laibulale ya eni, kapena masiku angapo kapena milungu ingapo yolemba zolemba ndi wopanga ndevu. Nthawi zina, onse awiri mwakamodzi. Ndipo inde, ndinali kungokamba za kupanga PDF. Sitinanene kuti biluyi ichokera kuti. Woyang'anira ukonde ayenera kupanga mawonekedwe omwe wogwiritsa ntchitoyo alowetse deta, wobwerera kumbuyo adzayenera kupanga ma dto ma model kuti asamutsire JSON, zitsanzo zosungira mu database, mapangidwe a database yokha, kusamukira kwa izo, mapangidwe a graphical. kuwonetsera kwa akaunti yomweyi, ndipo pokhapokha - PDF. Pa 1C, ntchito yonseyo, kuyambira pachiyambi, imatsirizidwa mu ola limodzi ndendende.

Dongosolo lathunthu lowerengera ndalama panyumba yaying'ono yokhala ndi bizinesi imodzi yogulidwa / kugulitsidwa imachitika m'maola a 3 ndi malipoti ogulitsa, kuwerengera katundu pamitengo yogula ndi kugulitsa, yosweka ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu, kuwongolera ufulu wofikira, kasitomala wapaintaneti ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafoni. . Chabwino, ndinayiwala za kugwiritsa ntchito, ndikugwiritsa ntchito osati maola atatu, mu zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Kodi ntchitoyi itenga nthawi yayitali bwanji wopanga .NET kuti akhazikitse situdiyo yowonera pa kompyuta yoyera kuti awonetse kwa kasitomala? Nanga bwanji mtengo wa chitukuko? Chinthu chomwecho.

Mphamvu za 1C ngati nsanja

1C ndi yamphamvu osati chifukwa pali china chake chomwe chili chabwino kwambiri padziko lapansi. M'malo mwake, mu subsystem iliyonse mutha kupeza analogue yosangalatsa kwambiri pamapulogalamu apadziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, kutengera zinthu zingapo, sindikuwona nsanja yofanana ndi 1C. Apa ndi pamene kupambana kwamalonda kuli. Ubwino wa nsanja umabalalika ponseponse ndipo umawoneka bwino mukawona momwe izi zimachitikira pamapulatifomu ena. M'malo mwake, izi SALI mawonekedwe, koma m'malo mwake - kukana mawonekedwe mokomera paradigm imodzi. Zitsanzo zingapo:

1. Unicode. Ndi chiyani chomwe chingakhale chosavuta? Palibe chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ma encodings a single-byte ASCII mu 2019 (kupatula kuphatikiza ndi zakale zakale). Ayi. Koma ayi. Komabe, wina patebulo lina amagwiritsa ntchito single-byte varchar ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kumakhala ndi vuto ndi ma encodings. Mu 2015, chilolezo cha gitlab cha LDAP chinalephera chifukwa cha ntchito yolakwika ndi ma encodings; 1C imapereka kudzipatula kwapamwamba kwambiri kwamakhodi ogwiritsira ntchito kuchokera pagawo la database. Kumeneko n'kosatheka kulembera matebulo pamlingo wochepa ndipo mikangano ya achinyamata osadziŵa bwino pamlingo wa database ndizosatheka kumeneko. Inde, pangakhale mavuto ena ndi achinyamata osadziŵa bwino, koma mavuto osiyanasiyana ndi ochepa kwambiri. Tsopano mundiuza kuti pulogalamu yanu idapangidwa moyenera ndipo gawo lofikira la database liri patali momwe liyenera kukhalira. Yang'ananinso pulogalamu yanu yamakampani ya Java. Pafupi komanso moona mtima. Kodi chikumbumtima chanu chimakuvutitsani? Ndiye ndine wokondwa chifukwa cha inu.
2. Kuwerengera zikalata/mabuku akalozera. Mu 1C ndithudi sizosintha kwambiri komanso osati zabwino kwambiri. Koma zomwe amachita mu pulogalamu yakubanki komanso muakaunti odzilemba okha - chabwino, ndi mdima basi. Chidziwitso chilichonse chidzakhazikika (ndiyeno "o, chifukwa chiyani tili ndi mabowo"), kapena m'malo mwake, adzapanga jenereta yomwe imagwira ntchito ndi kutseka pamlingo wa DBMS (ndipo idzakhala botolo). M'malo mwake, ndizovuta kwambiri kuchita izi zikuwoneka ngati zophweka - kuwerengera kumapeto kwa mabungwe, ndi gawo lapadera lotengera makiyi ena, zoyambira, kuti zisatseke nkhokwe panthawi yolowera deta. .
3. Identifiers of records in the database. 1C idapanga chisankho champhamvu - zozindikiritsa maulalo zonse ndizopangidwa mwamtheradi ndipo ndi momwemo. Ndipo palibe mavuto ndi nkhokwe zogawidwa ndi kusinthanitsa. Opanga machitidwe ena amaumirira amapanga chinthu chonga chizindikiritso (ndi chachifupi!), Kokerani mu GUI mpaka nthawi yoti apange zochitika zingapo zogwirizana (ndiyeno zidzapezeka). Kodi mulibe izi? Moona mtima?
4. Mndandanda. 1C ili ndi njira zopambana zosinthira mindandanda (yazikulu) ndikudutsamo. Ndiroleni ndisungitse nthawi yomweyo - ndikugwiritsa ntchito moyenera makinawo! Nthawi zambiri, mutuwu ndi wosasangalatsa, sungathe kuthetsedwa bwino: mwina ndi wanzeru komanso wosavuta (koma chiwopsezo cha ma rekodi akuluakulu pa kasitomala), kapena kupeka ndi kupotoza kumodzi kapena kwina. Anthu amene amalemba paging nthawi zambiri amachita mokhota. Iwo omwe amapanga scrollbar moona mtima amawonjezera nkhokwe, njira ndi kasitomala.
5. Mafomu oyendetsedwa. Mosakayikira, pa intaneti kasitomala mawonekedwe sagwira ntchito mwangwiro. Koma zimagwira ntchito. Koma kwa machitidwe ena ambiri owerengera ndalama ndi mabanki, kupanga malo ogwirira ntchito akutali ndi ntchito yamabizinesi. Chodzikanira: Mwamwayi kwa iwo omwe adazipanga pa intaneti, izi sizikhudza.
6. Pulogalamu yam'manja. Posachedwapa, mutha kulembanso mapulogalamu am'manja mukakhala mumkhalidwe womwewo. Ndizovuta kwambiri pano kuposa ndi kasitomala wapaintaneti; zenizeni za zida zimakukakamizani kuti muwalembere iwo, koma, komabe, simulemba ganyu gulu losiyana la opanga mafoni. Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito zofunikira zamkati za kampani (pamene njira yothetsera vuto lamakampani ndi yofunika kwambiri kuposa mawonekedwe achikasu a UI), mumangogwiritsa ntchito nsanja yomweyo m'bokosi.
7. Lipoti. Mwa mawu awa sindikutanthauza dongosolo la BI lomwe lili ndi deta yayikulu komanso kutsalira panjira ya ETL. Izi zikutanthauza malipoti a ogwira ntchito omwe amakupatsani mwayi wowunika momwe ndalama zilili pano ndi pano. Mabalance, kukhazikikana, kusinthananso, etc. 1C imatuluka m'bokosi ndi njira yoperekera malipoti yokhala ndi makonda osinthika amagulu, zosefera, ndi zowonera kumbali ya ogwiritsa ntchito. Inde, pali ma analogue ozizira pamsika. Koma osati mkati mwa njira yothetsera zonse-mu-imodzi komanso pamtengo nthawi zina kuposa njira yothetsera zonse. Ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhalanso mwanjira ina mozungulira: kungopereka malipoti, koma okwera mtengo kuposa nsanja yonse, komanso moyipa kwambiri.
8. Mafomu osindikizidwa. Chabwino, gwiritsani ntchito .NET kuti muthetse vuto lotumiza zolembera za malipiro mu PDF kwa antchito ndi imelo. Ndipo tsopano ntchito yosindikiza ma invoice. Nanga bwanji kusunga makope awo ku PDF yomweyo? Pa dzina la 1C, kutulutsa masanjidwe aliwonse ku PDF ndi +1 mzere wamakhodi. Izi zikutanthauza + masekondi 40 a nthawi yogwira ntchito, m’malo mwa masiku kapena masabata m’chinenero china. Masanjidwe amafomu osindikizidwa mu 1C ndiosavuta kupanga komanso amphamvu mokwanira kupikisana ndi anzawo omwe amalipidwa. Inde, mwina, palibe mipata yambiri yolumikizirana muzolemba za 1C zamasamba simungathe kupeza mwachangu chithunzi cha 3D ndi makulitsidwe pogwiritsa ntchito OpenGL. Koma kodi ndi zofunikadi?

Izi ndi zitsanzo zochepa chabe zomwe kuchepetsa magwiridwe antchito kapena kukhazikitsa zosagwirizana kumakhala kofunikira pakumanga mtsogolo. Ngakhale kunyengerera kapena ayi njira yabwino kwambiri - ili kale m'bokosi ndipo imatengedwa mopepuka. Kukhazikitsidwa kwake kodziyimira pawokha kungakhale kosatheka (chifukwa zisankho zotere ziyenera kupangidwa kumayambiriro kwa polojekitiyo, ndipo palibe nthawi ya izo, ndipo palibe womanga konse), kapena kubwereza kokwera mtengo. Pazigawo zilizonse zomwe zatchulidwa (ndipo uwu si mndandanda wathunthu wamayankho omanga), mutha kuwononga ndikuyambitsa zoletsa zomwe zimalepheretsa kukula. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, inu, monga wochita bizinesi, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti opanga mapulogalamu anu, popanga "dongosolo kuyambira pachiyambi," ali ndi manja owongoka ndipo azichita zinthu zobisika bwino nthawi yomweyo.

Inde, monga munjira ina iliyonse yovuta, 1C palokha ilinso ndi mayankho omwe amalepheretsa kukulitsa mbali zina. Komabe, ndikubwereza, kutengera zinthu zingapo, mtengo wa umwini, ndi kuchuluka kwa mavuto omwe adathetsedwa kale, sindikuwona mpikisano woyenera pamsika. Pamtengo womwewo, mumapeza dongosolo lazachuma, seva yolumikizana bwino, yokhala ndi UI ndi mawonekedwe a intaneti, yokhala ndi pulogalamu yam'manja, yopereka malipoti, kuphatikiza ndi zinthu zina zambiri. M'dziko la Java, mumabwereka gulu lakutsogolo ndi lakumbuyo, kuchotsa ma code otsika a ma seva olembera kunyumba ndikulipira padera 2 mapulogalamu a foni a 2 mafoni Os.

Sindikunena kuti 1C idzathetsa milandu yonse, koma pa ntchito yamkati yamakampani, ngati palibe chifukwa cholembera UI, ndi chiyani chinanso chofunikira?

Yendetsani mafuta

Mwina mumaganiza kuti 1C ipulumutsa dziko lapansi ndikuti njira zina zonse zolembera machitidwe amakampani ndizolakwika. Sizili choncho nkomwe. Kuchokera pamalingaliro abizinesi, ngati musankha 1C, ndiye kuwonjezera pa nthawi yofulumira kupita kumsika, muyenera kuganizira zovuta izi:

• Kudalirika kwa seva. Akatswiri apamwamba kwambiri amafunikira omwe angawonetsetse kuti ntchito yake isasokonezeke. Sindikudziwa pulogalamu yophunzitsira yokonzekera akatswiri otere kuchokera kwa ogulitsa. Pali maphunziro okonzekera mayeso a Katswiri, koma izi, mwa lingaliro langa, sizokwanira.
• Thandizo. Onani mfundo yam'mbuyo. Kuti mukhale ndi chithandizo kuchokera kwa wogulitsa, muyenera kugula. Pazifukwa zina izi sizivomerezedwa mumakampani a 1C. Ndipo ndi SAP, ndizofunika kugula ndipo sizikuvutitsa aliyense. Popanda chithandizo chamakampani komanso popanda katswiri wa ogwira ntchito, mutha kusiyidwa nokha ndi 1C glitches.
• Komabe, simungathe kuchita chilichonse ndi 1C. Ichi ndi chida ndipo monga chida chilichonse chili ndi malire ogwiritsira ntchito. M'mawonekedwe a 1C, ndizofunika kwambiri kukhala ndi "non-1C" womanga dongosolo.
• Mayina abwino a 1C satsika mtengo kuposa opanga mapulogalamu abwino m'zilankhulo zina. Ngakhale, opanga mapulogalamu oipa ndi okwera mtengo kubwereka, mosasamala kanthu za chinenero chimene amalemba.

Tiyeni tidutse madontho

• 1C ndi dongosolo lachitukuko chofulumira (RAD) la bizinesi ndipo limapangidwira izi.
• Ulalo wa magawo atatu ndi chithandizo cha ma DBMS akulu, kasitomala UI, ORM yabwino kwambiri komanso lipoti
• Kuthekera kwakukulu kophatikizana ndi machitidwe omwe angachite zomwe 1C silingathe. Ngati mukufuna kuphunzira pamakina, tengani Python ndikutumiza zotsatira ku 1C kudzera pa http kapena RabbitMQ
• Palibe chifukwa cholimbikira kuchita chilichonse pogwiritsa ntchito 1C, muyenera kumvetsetsa mphamvu zake ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito pazolinga zanu.
• Madivelopa omwe amakokera kukumba zida zamakina aukadaulo ndikukonzanso zaka N iliyonse kukhala injini yatsopano amatopa ndi 1C. Chilichonse chimakhala chokhazikika pamenepo.
• Madivelopa nawonso amatopa chifukwa pali nkhawa zochepa kwa iwo kuchokera kwa wopanga. Chilankhulo chotopetsa, IDE yofooka. Iwo amafuna wamakono.
• Kumbali ina, opanga omwe sangasangalale pogwiritsa ntchito ndi kuphunzira ukadaulo wina womwe amasangalala nawo ndi opanga zoyipa. Adzalira ndi kusamukira ku chilengedwe china.
• Olemba ntchito omwe salola kuti mayina awo a 1C alembe chinachake mu Python ndi olemba anzawo ntchito oipa. Adzataya antchito omwe ali ndi malingaliro ofunsa mafunso, ndipo m'malo mwawo padzabwera ma coders a nyani omwe, ngakhale akugwirizana ndi chirichonse, amakoka mapulogalamu amakampani kudambo. Iyenera kulembedwanso, ndiye mwina zingakhale bwino kuyika ndalama pang'ono ku Python posachedwa?
• 1C ndi kampani yamalonda ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ake potengera zomwe amakonda komanso zomwe akufuna. Simungamunene mlandu pa izi, bizinesi iyenera kuganizira za phindu, ndiye moyo
• 1C imapanga ndalama pogulitsa njira zothetsera mavuto amalonda, osati ku zovuta za Vasya. Mfundo ziwirizi zimagwirizana, koma chofunika kwambiri ndi zomwe ndinanena. Pamene wopanga Vasya ali wokonzeka kulipira laisensi yaumwini kwa 1C: Resharper, idzawoneka mofulumira kwambiri, "Resharper" ndi A. Orefkova ndi umboni wa izi. Ngati wogulitsa adathandizira, ndipo sanamenyane nawo, msika wa mapulogalamu a omanga ungawonekere. Tsopano pali osewera m'modzi ndi theka pamsika uno ndi zotsatira zokayikitsa, ndipo zonse chifukwa kuphatikiza ndi IDE kuli koyipa ndipo zonse zimachitika pa ndodo.
• Mchitidwe wogwiritsa ntchito makina ambiri udzatha kuiwalika. Mapulogalamu amakono ndi aakulu kwambiri kuti asakumbukire zonse kuchokera kumbali ya code komanso kuchokera kumbali yogwiritsira ntchito bizinesi. Seva ya 1C ikukhalanso yovuta kwambiri; sizingakhale zotheka kukhala ndi luso la mitundu yonse mwa wogwira ntchito mmodzi. Izi ziyenera kuphatikizapo kufunikira kwa akatswiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kukopa kwa ntchito ya 1C komanso kuwonjezeka kwa malipiro. Ngati kale Vasya ankagwira ntchito atatu-m'modzi pa malipiro amodzi, tsopano muyenera kubwereka ma Vasya awiri ndipo mpikisano pakati pa Vasyas ukhoza kulimbikitsa kukula kwa msinkhu wawo.

Pomaliza

1C ndi chinthu choyenera kwambiri. Pamtengo wanga wamtengo wapatali, sindikudziwa zofananira konse, lembani mu ndemanga ngati zilipo. Komabe, kutuluka kwa omanga kuchokera ku chilengedwe kukuwonekera kwambiri, ndipo izi ndi "kukhetsa ubongo", ziribe kanthu momwe mukuyang'ana. Makampaniwa ali ndi njala yosintha zinthu zatsopano.
Ngati ndinu wopanga mapulogalamu, musapachikidwa pa 1C ndipo musaganize kuti zonse ndi zamatsenga m'zilankhulo zina. Pamene ndinu wamng'ono, mwinamwake. Chinthu chachikulu chikangofunika kuthetsedwa, mayankho okonzeka amayenera kuyang'aniridwa motalikirapo ndikumalizidwa mozama. Ponena za ubwino wa "midadada" yomwe yankho lingamangidwe, 1C ndi yabwino kwambiri.

Ndipo chinthu chinanso - ngati dzina lakutchulidwa la 1C likubwera kwa inu kuti mudzabwereke, ndiye kuti dzina la 1C likhoza kusankhidwa mosamala ku malo a akatswiri otsogolera. Kumvetsetsa kwawo ntchito, gawo la phunziro, ndi luso la kuwonongeka ndikwabwino kwambiri. Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuchitika chifukwa chokakamiza kugwiritsa ntchito DDD pakukula kwa 1C. Munthu amaphunzitsidwa kuganiza za tanthauzo la ntchito choyamba, za kugwirizana pakati pa zinthu za phunzirolo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo ali ndi luso luso mu kaphatikizidwe matekinoloje ndi akamagwiritsa kusinthana deta.

Dziwani kuti chimango choyenera kulibe ndikudzisamalira nokha.
Zabwino zonse!

PS: zikomo kwambiri speshuric kaamba ka thandizo pokonzekera nkhaniyo.

Ogwiritsa ntchito olembetsedwa okha ndi omwe angatenge nawo gawo pa kafukufukuyu. Lowani muakauntichonde.

Kodi muli ndi 1C mubizinesi yanu?

• 13,3%Ayi ndithu.71

• 30,3%Pali, koma mu dipatimenti yowerengera ndalama kwinakwake. Makina apamwamba pamapulatifomu ena162

• 41,4%Inde, njira zazikulu zamabizinesi zimagwira ntchito pa izo221

• 15,0%1C iyenera kufa, tsogolo ndi %technology_name%80

Ogwiritsa ntchito 534 adavota. Ogwiritsa 99 adakana.

Source: www.habr.com