VPS pa Linux yokhala ndi mawonekedwe: kukhazikitsa seva ya X2Go pa Ubuntu 18.04

Zokonda VNC и RDP Tadziwa kale pa seva yeniyeni, ikadali kufufuza njira imodzi yolumikizira kompyuta ya Linux. Mwayi wopangidwa ndi kampani Palibe makina ndondomeko NX ndizosangalatsa, ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwino pamakina ocheperako. Mayankho a seva odziwika ndi okwera mtengo (makasitomala ndi aulere), koma palinso kukhazikitsa kwaulere, komwe kudzakambidwe m'nkhaniyi - dongosolo X2 pa. Idapangidwa kuchokera ku projekiti yotseguka FreeNX, NoMachine atasiya kumuthandiza ndikumulola kuti aziyandama momasuka.

M'ndandanda wazopezekamo:

• Kuyika malo ojambulidwa
• Russification ya seva ndi kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu
• Kuyika seva ya X2Go
• Kugwirizana kwa Desktop
• Kuyendetsa pulogalamu pa kompyuta yakutali
• Ubwino wa X2Go

Kuyika malo ojambulidwa

Dongosolo lojambula pa Linux silifuna makina amphamvu mpaka wogwiritsa ntchito atayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu. Kuti tiyesedwe, titenga Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS yamphamvu yokhala ndi ma cores awiri apakompyuta, ma gigabytes anayi a RAM ndi ma gigabyte hard drive (HDD). Zithunzi za Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS zilipo kale pa RuVDS; Musaiwale kugwiritsa ntchito nambala yotsatsira Habrahabr10 kuti muchepetse 10% pa oda yanu.

Timasankhanso XFCE ngati malo athu apakompyuta chifukwa chokhala ndi zofunikira zochepa pazogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta. Kuphatikiza apo, palibe mavuto omwe amayendetsa DE iyi kudzera pakutali m'malo omwe ali:

sudo apt-get install xfce4 xfce4-goodies xorg dbus-x11 x11-xserver-utils

Russification ya seva ndi kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu

Chotsatira ndikukhazikitsa malo ndikukhazikitsa mapulogalamu ocheperako: msakatuli, kasitomala wa imelo ndi suite yaofesi. Choyamba, yikani zomasulira zamapulogalamu:

sudo apt-get install language-pack-ru

Tiyeni tiyike kalozera:

sudo update-locale LANG=ru_RU.UTF-8

Zomwezo zitha kutheka posintha pamanja /etc/default/locale.

Pakutanthauzira kwa GNOME ndi KDE, malo osungiramo ali ndi phukusi la chilankhulo-pack-gnome-ru ndi chilankhulo-pack-kde-ru - mudzazifuna ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu ochokera m'malo apakompyuta. Mu XFCE, zomasulira zimayikidwa ndi mapulogalamu. Kenako mutha kukhazikitsa madikishonale:

# Словари для проверки орфографии
sudo apt-get install hunspell hunspell-ru

# Тезаурус для LibreOffice
sudo apt-get install mythes-ru

# Англо-русский словарь в формате DICT
sudo apt-get install mueller7-dict

Kuphatikiza apo, kuyika zomasulira kungafunike pamapulogalamu ena:

# Браузер Firefox
sudo apt-get install firefox firefox-locale-ru

# Почтовый клиент Thunderbird
sudo apt-get install thunderbird thunderbird-locale-ru

# Офисный пакет LibreOffice
sudo apt-get install libreoffice libreoffice-l10n-ru libreoffice-help-ru

На этом подготовка окружения рабочего стола завершена.

Kuyika seva ya X2Go

Mabaibulo okhazikika a seva ya X2Go ndi kasitomala akhoza kukhazikitsidwa kuchokera kumalo akunja PPA (Personal Packages Archive) pa Launchpad kapena kuchokera pazosungira zomwe zatulutsidwa za Ubuntu. Tidzayang'ana pa njira yachiwiri, popeza mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu onsewa ndi ofanana, koma ngati mukufuna ma phukusi owonjezera, muyenera kulumikiza chosungira chachitatu. Tiyenera kukhazikitsa mapaketi awiri:

sudo apt-get install x2goserver x2goserver-xsession

Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito malo a MATE kapena LXDE, mapaketi owonjezera adzafunika (safunikira pa XFCE):

sudo apt-get install x2gomatebindings # if you use MATE/mubuntu
sudo apt-get install x2golxdebindings # if you use LXDE/lubuntu

Icing pa keke: X2Go imagwira ntchito kudzera pa SSH ndipo sifunikanso kukonzanso kwina. VPS iyenera kukhala ndi sshd yothamanga ndi mwayi wopita ku doko 22 mu malamulo a firewall. Popeza tikukamba za seva yeniyeni, izi mwina zachitika kale m'bokosi. Ndikosavuta kutsegula mwayi wakutali kudzera pa SSH pamakina akuthupi. Zomwe zatsala ndikuwunika momwe seva ya X2Go ilili:

sudo systemctl status x2goserver

Ndikoyeneranso kupanga wogwiritsa ntchito wopanda mwayi kuti azigwira ntchito ndi malo apakompyuta:

sudo adduser desktopuser

Tiyeni tiwonjeze wogwiritsa ntchito pagulu la sudo kuti athe kuchita ntchito zokhudzana ndi oyang'anira. Ngati palibe chosowa chotero, mutha kudumpha sitepe iyi:

sudo gpasswd -a desktopuser sudo

Kugwirizana kwa Desktop

X2Go kasitomala mapulogalamu a Windows, Linux ndi OS X alipo kupatula pa malo polojekiti. Makasitomala a Android akupangidwa, ndipo mafoni aulere a NoMachine samagwirizana ndi seva ya X2Go. Ngati muli ndi Ubuntu woyika pa kompyuta yanu, ingowonjezerani phukusi la x2goclient:

sudo apt-get install x2goclient

Kuti tisunge mitundu yosiyanasiyana, nthawi ino titenga kasitomala Windows:

Apa mutha kukonza zokonda zolumikizirana, zida zolowetsa/zotulutsa, ndi zida zamawu.

Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, kompyuta ya XFCE idzawonekera mutatha kulumikiza.

Kuyendetsa pulogalamu pa kompyuta yakutali

Nthawi zina, m'malo mokhala ndi malo apakompyuta athunthu, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, IDE) pakompyuta yakutali. Izi sizovuta kuchita; ingotchulani mtundu woyenera wa gawo ndi kulamula pazokonda zolumikizira.

Msakatuli akuthamanga pa VPS yakutali yokhala ndi Ubuntu

Palinso zosankha zachilendo zogwiritsira ntchito X2Go: dongosolo limalola, mwachitsanzo, kulumikiza gawo la ogwiritsa ntchito pakompyuta yakutali (monga TeamViewer). Pankhaniyi, magawo onse a kasitomala ndi seva ayenera kukhazikitsidwa pamakina onse awiri. Kuphatikiza apo, sikoyenera kufotokozera mbiri yagawo pa kasitomala aliyense: mutha kukhazikitsa ndikusintha x2gobroker kuti muwafotokozere pa seva. Kuti muchite izi muyenera kugwirizana nkhokwe yachitatu ndi mapaketi owonjezera.

Ubwino wa X2Go

Mosiyana ndi dongosolo la VNC lapamwamba kwambiri, X2Go imagwiritsa ntchito protocol ya NX 3 yapamwamba kuti ichepetse kuchuluka kwa data yomwe imasamutsidwa. Dongosololi lili ndi seva yake ya X, kuphatikiza apo, imafunikira palibe zoikamo ndipo ili ndi luso lapamwamba. Tidangolankhula za zofunika kwambiri, koma X2Go imatha kuchita zambiri, kuphatikiza kuwulutsa mawu ndi makanema kuchokera pa seva kupita kwa kasitomala, kusindikiza ku chosindikizira chakomweko (pa VPS muyenera kuyika ma phukusi owonjezera kuti mukhazikitse chosindikizira chenicheni) ndikugawana maulalo. Kuyanjana ndi seva kumachitika kudzera mu sshd yodalirika komanso yoyesedwa nthawi - njira zotsimikizirika zotetezedwa zimapezeka kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, kuphatikizapo. ndi makiyi. X2Go imakhazikitsa malo anu mukalowa (palibe chifukwa chosunga seva ya X nthawi zonse), imathandizira ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri komanso malo otchuka apakompyuta, ndipo sikupha gawo lanu ngakhale kulumikizana kutayika.

Source: www.habr.com