Kusunga deta yofunika ndi chinthu chabwino. Koma bwanji ngati ntchitoyo ikufunika kupitiriza nthawi yomweyo, ndipo miniti iliyonse imawerengedwa? Ife ku Acronis tinaganiza zofufuza momwe zingathere kuthetsa vuto loyambitsa dongosolo mwamsanga. Ndipo iyi ndi positi yoyamba mu mndandanda wa Active Restore, momwe ndikuuzeni momwe tinayambira polojekitiyi pamodzi ndi yunivesite ya Innopolis, yankho lomwe tapeza, ndi zomwe tikugwira ntchito lero. Tsatanetsatane ali pansi odulidwa.
Moni! Dzina langa ndi Daulet Tumbayev, ndipo lero ndikufuna kugawana nanu zomwe ndakumana nazo popanga dongosolo lomwe limafulumizitsa kuchira kwatsoka. Kuti tilankhule za njira yonse yachitukuko cha polojekitiyi, tiyeni tiyambire pang'ono kuchokera patali. Panopa ndimagwira ntchito ku Acronis, koma ndinenso wophunzira ku yunivesite ya Innopolis, komwe ndinamaliza maphunziro a Master mu Software Development Management (yotchedwa MSIT-SE). Innopolis ndi yunivesite yachinyamata, ndipo maphunziro ake ndi aang'ono kwambiri. Koma zimamangidwa pamaphunziro a Carnegie Mellon University, omwe ntchito yake imaphatikizapo mutu monga ntchito zamakampani.
Cholinga cha polojekiti ya mafakitale ndi kumiza wophunzira mu chitukuko chenichenicho ndikugwirizanitsa chidziwitso chomwe wapeza pochita. Kuti tichite izi, yunivesite imagwirizana ndi makampani monga Yandex, Acronis, MTC ndi ena ambiri (onse, monga 2018, yunivesite inali ndi abwenzi 144). Pogwirizana, makampani amapereka malo awo ogwirira ntchito ku yunivesite, ndipo ophunzira amasankha imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zili pafupi ndi zomwe amakonda komanso maphunziro awo. Zaka ziwiri zapitazo ndinali ndidakali "mbali ina ya zotchinga" ndipo ndimagwira ntchito ngati wophunzira pa ntchito ina ya Acronis. Koma nthawi ino ndidakhala mlangizi waukadaulo wa ophunzira ku mbali ya kampaniyo ndipo ndinapempha projekiti ya Active Restore ku Innopolis. Lingaliro lomwelo la Active Restore lidapangidwa ndi gulu la Kernel ku Acronis, koma kukonza yankholi kudayamba limodzi ndi University of Innopolis.
Kubwezeretsa Kwachangu - chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunikira?
MwachizoloΕ΅ezi, kubwezeretsa masoka kumagwira ntchito motsatira ndondomeko yokhazikika. Pambuyo pamavuto ndi kompyuta yanu, mumapita ku mawonekedwe a intaneti a machitidwe ena osunga zobwezeretsera, mwachitsanzo, Acronis True Image, ndikudina batani lalikulu "kubwezeretsa". Kenako muyenera kudikirira mphindi N, ndipo pokhapokha mutha kupitiriza kugwira ntchito.
Vuto ndiloti nambala iyi N, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti RTO (nthawi yobwezeretsa nthawi), nthawi yovomerezeka yobwezeretsa, ikhoza kukhala yochititsa chidwi, zomwe zimadalira kuthamanga kwa kugwirizana (ngati kuchira kumachokera pamtambo), kukula kwa hard drive ya makina anu. , ndi zinthu zina zingapo. Kodi ndizotheka kuchepetsa? Inde, mungathe, chifukwa kuti muyambenso ntchito simukusowa kompyuta yathunthu. Zithunzi ndi makanema omwewo samakhudza magwiridwe antchito a chipangizocho mwanjira iliyonse ndipo amatha kukokedwa pambuyo pake kumbuyo.
Driver akufunika...
Makina ogwiritsira ntchito akuyembekeza kuyamba ndi diski yokonzeka kwathunthu. Chifukwa chake, Windows imapanga macheke angapo kuti awone kukhulupirika kwa disk. Dongosolo silingalole kuyambika kwanthawi zonse ngati mafayilo ena omwe OS akuyembekeza kuti apezeke akusowa kapena awonongeka. Kuti athetse vutoli, adaganiza zoyika pa disk otchedwa redirector owona omwe tidapanga, omwe amalowetsa mafayilo osowa kapena owonongeka, koma kwenikweni ndi ma dummies. Sizitenga nthawi kuti apange owongolera otere, chifukwa alibe chilichonse.
Kubwezeretsa kwina kumachitika motere. Mwa njira yakumbuyo, molingana ndi magwiridwe antchito, "dummies" imadzazidwa ndi data. Njira yobwezeretsa kumbuyo imaganizira za kuchuluka kwa disk ndipo sikudutsa malire omwe atchulidwa. Komabe, wogwiritsa ntchito kapena makina opangira okha angafunike mwadzidzidzi fayilo yomwe kulibe. Apa ndi pamene yachiwiri kuchira akafuna akubwera sewero. Chofunika kwambiri cha fayilo yomwe yapemphedwa chimakwezedwa kwambiri, ndipo njira yobwezeretsa imakweza fayiloyo mwachangu pa disk. Makina ogwiritsira ntchito amalandira fayilo yofunikira, ngakhale ndikuchedwa pang'ono.
Umu ndi momwe chithunzi choyenera chimawonekera. Komabe, m'dziko lenileni, pali misampha yambiri komanso zovuta zomwe zingatheke. Pamodzi ndi ophunzira a Innopolis masters, tidaganiza zofufuza momwe zinthu ziliri, kuwunika zomwe zapindula mu RTO, ndikumvetsetsa ngati njira yotereyi ndi yotheka? Kupatula apo, panalibe njira zotere pamsika panthawiyo.
Ndipo ndikaganiza zopanga gawo lautumiki kwa anyamata aku Innopolis, ndiye kuti ntchito ya Acronis idayamba. . Izi zidachitidwa ndi gulu la Windows Kernel. Plan inali motere:
- Yambitsani dalaivala kumayambiriro kwa OS yoyambira,
- Pa ntchito, liti adzakhala okonzeka kwathunthu, download utumiki
- Oyendetsa ntchito amayendetsa zopempha ndikugwirizanitsa ntchito zake zina.
Zobisika za engineering driver
Ngati anzanga angalankhule za utumiki mu post ina, ndiye m'mawu awa tidzawulula zovuta za chitukuko cha oyendetsa. Dalaivala ya mini-filter yomwe yapangidwa kale ili ndi njira ziwiri zogwirira ntchito - pamene dongosolo linayamba mwachizolowezi, ndipo pamene dongosolo langokumana ndi kulephera ndipo likubwezeretsedwa. Musanayambe kutsitsa malaibulale ogwiritsira ntchito ndi mapulogalamu, choncho ntchito yathu, dalaivala amachita chimodzimodzi. Sakudziwa kuti dongosololi lili m'boma liti. Zotsatira zake, kupanga, kuwerenga ndi kulemba kulikonse kumalowetsedwa, ndipo metadata yonse imajambulidwa. Ndipo pamene ntchitoyo ili pa intaneti, dalaivala amapereka chidziwitso ichi kuntchito.
Pankhani yoyambira bwino, ntchitoyi imatumiza chizindikiro cha "Relax" kwa dalaivala kuti "apumule" ndikuyimitsa mosamalitsa kudula deta yonse. Pankhaniyi, dalaivala amasintha kukadula mitengo kumangosintha pa diski ndikuwafotokozera ku ntchito, yomwe, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zina za Acronis, imasunga zosunga zobwezeretsera za disk m'malo aposachedwa kwambiri pamawayilesi omwe amafotokozedwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito. Izi zitha kukhala zamtambo, zakutali, pang'onopang'ono kapena zosunga zobwezeretsera usiku.
Ngati njira yobwezeretsa yayatsidwa, ntchitoyi imauza dalaivala kuti ikuyenera kugwira ntchito mu "Recovery" mode. Dongosolo langoyambiranso kuwonongeka, ndipo likangopempha kuti mutsegule fayilo pa diski, fyuluta ya mini iyenera kuyimitsa ntchitoyi, funsani izi, fufuzani ngati fayiloyo ilipo pa disk komanso ngati akhoza kutsegulidwa.
Ngati fayilo ikusowa, fyuluta yaying'ono imatumiza chidziwitsochi ku utumiki, zomwe zimawonjezera kufunikira kwa kubwezeretsa mafayilo (nthawi yonseyi, kuchira kukuchitika kumbuyo). Zikuwoneka kuti fayiloyi imangodumphira kumayambiriro kwa mzere. Pambuyo pake, ntchitoyo yokha (kapena njira zina za Acronis) imabwezeretsa fayiloyi ndikuwuza dalaivala kuti zonse zili bwino, tsopano makina ogwiritsira ntchito amatha kuyipeza ndipo dalaivala "amatulutsa" pempho loyambirira, kuchokera padongosolo kupita ku disk.
Ngati kuchira sikutheka, ntchitoyi imadziwitsa dalaivala kuti fayiloyo ilibe zosunga zobwezeretsera. Dalaivala wathu wa mini-filter amangopititsa patsogolo pempho la dongosolo ndipo wopemphayo (OS palokha kapena pulogalamuyo) amalandira cholakwika "chosapezeka". Komabe, izi ndizabwinobwino ngati fayiloyo sinali pa diski komanso muzosunga zobwezeretsera.
Zachidziwikire, makina ogwiritsira ntchito azigwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa kuwerenga fayilo iliyonse kapena laibulale kumachitika pamagawo angapo, mwina ndi mwayi wopeza zinthu zakutali. Koma wosuta akhoza kubwerera kuntchito mwamsanga pamene kuchira kukuchitikabe.
Amafuna zocheperapo, ngakhale zocheperapo...
The prototype watsimikizira magwiridwe ake. Koma tidaonanso kufunika kopitilira chifukwa nthawi zina pamakhalabe zotsekera. Mwachitsanzo, makina ogwiritsira ntchito amatha kupempha malaibulale osiyanasiyana m'magulu angapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yathu ibwererenso yokha.
Vuto lomwe ndikugwira pano ndikuwonjezera liwiro la Active Restore ndikuwonjezera chitetezo chadongosolo. Tinene kuti dongosolo silifuna fayilo yonse, koma gawo lake lokha. Pachifukwa ichi, dalaivala wina adapangidwa - disk fyuluta dalaivala. Sichigwiranso ntchito pamlingo wa fayilo, koma pamlingo wa block. Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito ndi yofanana: mumayendedwe achizolowezi, dalaivala amangolowetsa midadada yosintha pa disk, ndipo mumayendedwe ochira, amayesa kuwerenga yekha chipikacho, ndipo ngati sichinapambane, amapempha utumiki kuti uwonjezere patsogolo. Komabe, mbali zina zonse za dongosololi zimakhalabe zofanana. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito ya Os-level sichimakayikira ngakhale kuti ikufunsidwa kuti ilankhule ndi dalaivala wina, chifukwa ntchito yaikulu ndikupereka OS ndi deta yomwe ikufunika kuti igwire ntchito. Derali limafuna kusintha kwakukulu, ngati chifukwa chakuti utumiki sudziwa kuganiza pa mlingo wa block.
Gawo lotsatira ndinaganiza zoyambitsa dalaivala mozama komanso koyambirira, ndikutsika mpaka pamlingo wa madalaivala a UEFI ndi mapulogalamu a Native Windows m'malo mwa ntchitoyo. Pachifukwa ichi adapangidwa (kapena dalaivala wa DXE), yemwe amayamba ndi kufa ngakhale OS isanayambe. Koma tiwona "mbiri" ya madalaivala a UEFI, tsatanetsatane wa kusonkhana ndi kukhazikitsa, komanso zenizeni za mapulogalamu a Windows Native mu positi yotsatira. Chifukwa chake lembani ku blog yathu, ndipo pakadali pano ndikukonzekera nkhani yokhudza gawo lotsatira la ntchito. Ndidzakondwera kuwona ndemanga zanu ndi malangizo anu.
Ogwiritsa ntchito olembetsedwa okha ndi omwe angatenge nawo gawo pa kafukufukuyu. chonde.
Kodi mudakhalapo ndi zochitika zomwe kuchira kunatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri:
-
65.1%Yes28
-
23.2%No10
-
11.6%Sindinaganize za izo5
Ogwiritsa 43 adavota. Ogwiritsa 3 adakana.
Source: www.habr.com