Kampani yaku California Ampere adayambitsa purosesa yoyamba ya 80-core ARM server kutengera kamangidwe ka 64-bit Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie.

Kwa zaka zingapo, akatswiri akhala akulosera kuti nsanja ya ARM idzapikisana ndi x86 m'malo opangira deta, koma izi sizichitika. Kumapeto kwa 2019 kumeneko yolamulidwa ndi Intel ndi gawo la 95,5%, AMD ili ndi 4,5%.

Komabe, purosesa yatsopano ya ARM mu benchmark ya SPECrate 2017 ikuwonetsa kuchita bwino kuposa 64-core AMD EPYC kapena Xeon yapamwamba 28 ya banja la Cascade Lake. Izi ndizovuta kale (ngakhale zotsatira zake zakhala "zopotoka", onani pansipa).

Ubwino waukulu wa ARM ndi mphamvu zamagetsi, zomwe, mwa tanthawuzo, sizingafanane ndi mapurosesa a x86 chifukwa cha zomangamanga. 80-core Ampere Altra ili ndi TDP ya 45-210W ndi liwiro la wotchi ya 3GHz.

Ampere amakhulupirira kuti ulusi umodzi pachimake m'malo mwa ziwiri umathandizira pachitetezo chapamwamba, popeza kapangidwe kameneka kamateteza bwino ma cores amtundu uliwonse kuti asawukire m'mbali monga Meltdown ndi Specter.

Purosesa idapangidwa kuti izikhala ndi ma seva monga kusanthula kwa data, luntha lochita kupanga, nkhokwe, kusungirako, ma telecom stacks, komputa yam'mphepete, kuchititsa mawebusayiti, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mitambo. Makamaka pamakina ophunzirira makina, zidazi zimathandizira mawonekedwe a data a FP16 (half-precision) ndi INT8 (single-byte integer). Palinso hardware yothamanga ya AES ndi SHA-256 hashing.

Ma chips amapangidwa panjira ya TSMC's 7nm. Zitsanzo zoyambirira za CPU zatumizidwa kale kwa omwe angakhale makasitomala, ndipo kupanga kwakukulu kukuyembekezeka kuyamba pakati pa 2020.

Mtsogoleri wamkulu wa Ampere komanso Purezidenti wakale wa Intel Renée James adakhazikitsa Ampere Computing mu Okutobala 2017 kuchokera ku Applied Micro Circuits Corporation (1979-2017), yomwe idapanganso ma processor a ARM. Makamaka, mu 2011 idayambitsa nsanja ya 64-bit X-Gene yotengera ARMv8-A.

James tsopano akuphatikiza maudindo ake ngati CEO ndi Wapampando wa Board of Directors of Ampere Computing ndi udindo wa Wachiwiri kwa Wapampando wa National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee, yomwe imalangiza Purezidenti wa United States.

Ndikudabwa kuti kuyesa kwatsopano kobweretsa ma processor a ARM pamsika wa seva kudzakhala kopambana bwanji.

"Tidatulutsa purosesa yokhala ndi ma cores ambiri pamsika," akuti James. "Tsopano tazitumiza [kuti zikayezedwe] kwa ena mwa makampani akuluakulu opanga mitambo… Ndikuganiza kuti anthu adabwa. [Kusintha matekinoloje am'mbuyomu] pamakhala china chatsopano. Ndipo ngati sichochokera ku kampani yomwe ilipo, ndiye kuchokera ku yatsopano. Ndizosangalatsa kwambiri kugwira ntchito pazomwe ndikuwona ngati gawo lotsatira mumakampani. "

Panali zokamba zambiri za tchipisi ta 64-bit ARM m'zaka zapitazi, pomwe AMD ndi Applied Micro yomwe tatchulayi idayesa kupanga mapurosesa ofanana. Koma makampaniwa analephera. AMD idatseka ntchito yake ya ARM, pomwe zida za Applied Micro anagulitsidwa Kampani ya Macom. Mu 2017, Carlyle Group idagula gawo la purosesa la ARM kuchokera pamenepo. Mgwirizanowu udatsekedwa kumapeto kwa 2019, ndipo James adatenga udindo wa CEO wa kampani yatsopanoyi, kusiya udindo wake ngati COO ku Carlyle Group.

Mapulatifomu awiri a seva ya Ampere: Mt. Jade ndi Mt. Chipale chofewa

Ampere Altra cores okhala ndi ulusi umodzi komanso "ma seva olimba kwambiri" omwe amatha kumangidwa pa ma CPU otere adzalola makasitomala "kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito zomwe angagwiritse ntchito pamtambo," inatero kampaniyo.

Purosesa ya Ampere Altra imachokera pa nsanja ARM Neoverse N1. Ndemanga zabwino pa maseva atsopanowa zimachokera ku Microsoft Azure, Oracle, Canonical, VMware, Kinvolk, Packet, Lenovo, Gigabyte, Wiwynn ndi mainjiniya a Micron, onse omwe atchulidwa m'nkhaniyo.

Seva ya Mt. Jade pa ma processor awiri (160 cores): kusanthula deta, database, intaneti

Kampaniyo imati pulogalamuyo ndi Ampere Altra yokonzeka: "Chofunika kwambiri pakali pano ndi chakuti ngati muyang'ana pamagulu onse, mlingo wa OS, chirichonse kuchokera ku Linux kupita ku BSD kupita ku Windows, aliyense amathandizira ARM," anatero Jeff Wittich. Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa Ampere Products. - Pakupanga mawonekedwe, tili ndi chithandizo cha Kubernetes, Docker, VMware ndi KBM. Zonse zimathandizidwa pamenepo. Pamalo ogwiritsira ntchito, zonse zomwe zimagwira ntchito mumtambo lero zimagwiranso ntchito nafe. "

Seva ya Mt. Chipale chofewa pa purosesa: makompyuta am'mphepete, ma telecom, intaneti, kusungirako

Mafotokozedwe

• processor Subsystem
  • 80 ARM v8.2+ 64-bit cores mpaka 3,0 GHz yokhala ndi Sustained Turbo, yawonjezera zosintha zina kuchokera ku ARM v8.3 ndi v8.4
  • 1 KB L64 I-cache, 1 KB L64 D-cache pa core, 2 MB L1 cache pa core, 32 MB yogawidwa ya system-level cache (SLC)
  • SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) mtsinje waufupi wa malangizo afupiafupi (128 bits)
  • Kulumikizana kogwirizana mu network mesh
• Memory system
  • 8x 72-bit DDR4-3200 njira
  • ECC, Symbol-based ECC, DDR4 RAS
  • Mpaka 16 DIMMs ndi 4 TB pa socket
• Zida zamakina
  • Kusokoneza kwathunthu (GICv3)
  • Full I/O Virtualization (SMMUv3)
  • Kudalirika kwa RAS (Kudalirika, Kupezeka, Kugwira Ntchito) kwa gulu la seva yamabizinesi
• Mtanda
  • 128 PCIe Gen4 njira
    • 8 x8 PCIe + 4 x16 PCIe/CCIX yokhala ndi Extended Speed ​​​​Mode (ESM) yothandizira kusamutsa deta pa 20/25 GT/s (gigatransactions pamphindikati)
    • 48 owongolera kuti azithandizira mpaka 32 x2 kulumikizana
  • 192 mizere mu 2P kasinthidwe
  • Thandizo la socket angapo
  • 4 mizere x16 CCIX
• Kutentha kwa Kutentha - kuchokera ku 0 ° C mpaka +90 ° C
• Mphamvu
  • CPU: 0,80V, DDR4: 1,2V
  • I/O: 3,3V/1,8V, SerDes PLL: 1,8V
• Kuwongolera mphamvu - Kuwunika kwamphamvu, Turbo Gen2, chitetezo chamagetsi
• Nyumba -4926-pini FCLGA
• Kupanga - ukadaulo wa 7nm FinFET

Zizindikiro

Jeff Wittich akuti m'mayesero, purosesa ya Ampere imachita bwino 4% kuposa purosesa ya AMD ya EPYC yothamanga kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa 14%. Iyi ndi purosesa ya 64-core EPYC.
7742 yokhala ndi TDP ya 225W komanso mtengo wa $6950. Ili ndiye lamphamvu kwambiri m'banja la purosesa la EPYC 2 kutengera kamangidwe kakang'ono ka Zen 2. Banja lidayambitsidwa mu Ogasiti 2019.

Wittich adaperekanso kufananiza ndi purosesa ya Xeon ya 28-core ya banja la Cascade Lake. Purosesa ya Ampere Altra idachita bwino kwambiri "ndi nthawi 2,23 pakuchita bwino komanso nthawi 2,11 pakuwongolera mphamvu". Pano, ziwerengerozi zinafaniziridwa ndi Xeon Platinum 28 (8280 W) ya 205-core, ndipo mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu zinawerengedwa potengera pachimake chimodzi.

Mu benchmark ya SPECrate 2017, purosesa ya Ampere Altra akuti idaposa 259. tebulo lazotsatira izi ndizocheperapo poyerekeza ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba a ASUS RS720A-E9(KNPP-D32) Server System (2.20 GHz, AMD EPYC 7601) ndi ASUS RS500A-E10(KRPA-U16) Server System 2.25 GHz, AMD EPYC 7742.

Komabe, poyerekezera magwiridwe antchito, Ampere adagwiritsa ntchito gawo la 0,85 pazotsatira za AMD chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito phukusi la AMD64 compiler kuti apange benchmark code poyerekeza ndi GCC 8.2, yomwe idagwiritsa ntchito yokha, popeza wopanga AMD C/C++ amapanga zambiri. code yokometsedwa kuposa GCC ya ARM.

Ngakhale ma benchmark tweaks oterowo, Ampere Altra imawoneka yochititsa chidwi kwambiri potengera magwiridwe antchito komanso mphamvu zamagetsi. Seva rack ya 42U yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 12,5kW imatha kunyamula pafupifupi ma processor cores 3500 kuti asunge ma watts pachimake.

Ndipo ichi ndi chiyambi chabe. Jeff Wittich adati chinthu china, chotchedwa Mystique, chidzafika pamsika pakatha chaka, Ampere akuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma cores.

Mystique imathandizira cholumikizira chomwecho, kotero palibe chifukwa chosinthira ma boardards. M'badwo wotsatira wa Siryn SoC ukukonzekera 2022.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, tawona zoyesayesa zingapo zotulutsa ma processor a ARM kuchokera kumakampani osiyanasiyana: Broadcom/Cavium/Marvell, Calxeda, Huawei, Fujitsu, Phytium, Annapurna/Amazon ndi AppliedMicro/Ampere. Zambiri mwa zoyesayesazi sizinaphule kanthu. Koma pali zizindikiro zoti zinthu zikusintha. Mu Disembala 2019 Amazon adagubuduza kupanga maseva okhala ndi ma processor a 64-core ARM Graviton 2 ndi system-on-a-chip pachimake chimodzimodzi monga maziko a ARM Neoverse N1. M'mayeso ena, zochitika za ARM (M6g ndi M6gd) zidachita bwino, ndipo nthawi zina bwino kwambiri, kuposa x86.

Mu Novembala 2019, zidanenedwa kuti Nuvia yaku America idayambitsa adapeza ndalama zokwana madola 53 miliyoni pazachuma. Kuyambako kudakhazikitsidwa ndi akatswiri atatu otsogola omwe adagwira nawo ntchito yopanga ma processor ku Apple ndi Google. Amalonjezanso kupanga ma processor a seva omwe angapikisane ndi Intel ndi AMD. Wolemba zomwe zilipo, Nuvia adapanga purosesa kuyambira pansi mpaka pansi yomwe imatha kumangidwa "pamwamba" ya zomangamanga za ARM, koma osapeza chilolezo cha ARM.

Zonsezi zikuwonetsa kuti mapurosesa a RISC amatha kupeza ntchito osati pazida zam'manja zokha, komanso ma seva, komanso pamakompyuta apakompyuta ndi laputopu. Mwa njira, pali mphekesera kuti Ma laputopu amtsogolo a Apple MacBook adzatulutsidwanso pama processor a ARM.

M'malo mwake, mitundu yaposachedwa ya iPad Pro yokhala ndi purosesa ya A12X yochokera ku ARM ili pafupi kufanana ndi magwiridwe antchito a 15-inch MacBook Pro okhala ndi mapurosesa a Core i7 ndi Core i9, kotero kukweza koteroko kungakhale komveka.

Source: www.habr.com