M'mbuyomu positi za Tinanena kuti ma rack ena ali ndi ATS yoyika - kusamutsa kosungirako zokha. Koma kwenikweni, mu data center, ATSs amayikidwa osati mu rack, koma panjira yonse yamagetsi. M'malo osiyanasiyana amathetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana:
- mu matabwa waukulu kugawa (MSB), ndi AVR masiwichi katundu pakati athandizira ku mzinda ndi mphamvu zosunga zobwezeretsera ku seti dizilo jenereta (DGS);
- mumagetsi osasunthika (UPS), ATS imasintha katunduyo kuchokera pazolowera zazikulu kupita kuzidutsa (zambiri pa izi pansipa);
- muzitsulo, ATS imasintha katundu kuchokera kuzinthu zina kupita ku zina ngati pali vuto ndi chimodzi mwazolowetsa.
ATS mu dongosolo lamagetsi lokhazikika la dataLine data center.
Tikambirana ma AVR omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso komwe masiku ano.
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya ATS: ATS (automatic transfer switch) ndi STS (static transfer switch). Amasiyana pamagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi maziko azinthu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Mwachidule, STS ndi ATS yanzeru. Imasintha katundu mwachangu ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ponyamula katundu / makola. Zimakhala zosavuta kusintha, koma zimagwirizana ndi vagaries za intaneti: zikhoza kukana kugwira ntchito ngati zolowetsa za 2 zimachokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo: kuchokera ku transformer ndi seti ya jenereta ya dizilo.
AVR mu switchboard yayikulu
ATS yayikulu ya data center zaka makumi awiri zapitazo inkawoneka ngati njira yovuta yolumikizirana ndi ma relay.
Mtundu wa AVR kuyambira koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 2000.
Tsopano AVR ndi yaying'ono multifunctional chipangizo.
Dongosolo la ATS mu boardboard yayikulu limawongolera zowononga zolowera ndikupereka malamulo oyambira ndikuyimitsa jenereta ya dizilo. Pamene katundu ali oposa 2 MW pa mlingo waukulu switchboard, si bwino kuthamangitsa liwiro. Ngakhale itasintha mwachangu, zimatenga nthawi kuti jenereta ya dizilo iyambe. Dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito ma ATS ocheperako ndikuyika kuchedwa (maseti). Zimagwira ntchito motere: pamene mphamvu yopita ku data center kuchokera ku transfoma itayika, ATS imalamula zipangizozo: "Transformer, zimitsani. Tsopano tikudikirira masekondi 10 (malo oyika), jenereta ya dizilo, yatsani, dikirani masekondi ena 10. "
ATS mu UPS
Pogwiritsa ntchito UPS monga chitsanzo, tiyeni tiwone momwe mtundu wachiwiri wa ATS umagwirira ntchito - STS kapena static transfer switch.
Mu UPS, kusintha kwapano kumasinthidwa kukhala Direct current ndi chowongolera. Kenako pa inverter imatembenukiranso kukhala alternating current, koma ndi magawo okhazikika. Izi zimathetsa kusokoneza komanso kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu zamagetsi. Pamene magetsi akuluakulu azimitsidwa pa mabatire ndi mphamvu pakati pa data pomwe ma seti a jenereta a dizilo akugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Koma bwanji ngati chimodzi mwazinthu chikalephera: chosinthira, inverter kapena mabatire? Pankhaniyi, UPS iliyonse ili ndi njira yodutsa, kapena yodutsa. Ndi izo, chipangizocho chikupitiriza kugwira ntchito, kudutsa zinthu zazikulu, molunjika kuchokera kumagetsi olowera. Njirayi imagwiritsidwanso ntchito mukafunika kuzimitsa UPS ndikuichotsa kuti ikonzedwe.
Ma STS mu UPS amafunikira kuti asamutsire ku zolowetsa zodutsa. Mwachidule, STS imayang'anira zolowera ndi zotulutsa maukonde, kudikirira kuti zigwirizane, ndikusintha pansi pachitetezo.
AVR mu rack
Chifukwa chake, zolowetsa ziwiri zamagetsi zimalumikizidwa ndi choyikapo. Ngati zida zanu zili ndi mphamvu ziwiri, mutha kuzilumikiza mosavuta ku ma PDU osiyanasiyana, ndipo simukuwopa kutayika kwa imodzi. Bwanji ngati seva yanu ili ndi mphamvu imodzi?
Mu rack, ATS imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti phindu lochokera kuzinthu ziwiri lisawonongeke. Ngati pali zovuta ndi imodzi mwazolowetsa, ATS imasinthira katunduyo kuzinthu zina.
Chodzikanira: Ngati mungathe, pewani zida zokhala ndi magetsi amodzi kuti mupewe kulephera kwadongosolo. Kenako tiwonetsa zovuta za dongosolo lolumikizana ili.
Ntchito ya ATS mu rack ndikusintha zida kuzinthu zogwirira ntchito mwachangu kotero kuti palibe kusokoneza ntchito yake. Kuthamanga kofunikira pa izi kunapezedwa moyesera: osapitirira 20 ms. Tiyeni tione mmene zimenezi zinatulukira.
Kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa zida za seva kumachitika chifukwa cha kutsika kwamagetsi (chifukwa chogwira ntchito pazigawo zazing'ono, kulumikizana kwa katundu wamphamvu kapena ngozi). Kuti muwonetse momwe zida zingapirire matalikidwe osiyanasiyana ndi kutalika kwa kukwera kwamagetsi, ma curve achitetezo a zida zamagetsi a CBEMA (Computer and Business Equipment Manufacturers Association) apangidwa. Tsopano amadziwika kuti ITIC (Information Technology Industry Council) curves, zosiyana zawo zikuphatikizidwa mumiyezo ya IEEE 446 ANSI (ichi ndi analogue ya GOSTs zathu).
Tiyeni tiwone ndandanda. Ntchito yathu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zida zimagwira ntchito mu "green zone". Pa ITIC curve tikuwona kuti zida zakonzeka "kulekerera" kuviika kwapamwamba kwa 20 ms. Chifukwa chake, tikufuna kuti ATS mu rack igwire ntchito mu 20 ms, kapena kuposa apo, mwachangu kwambiri.
Source: .
Chithunzi cha ATS. ATS wamba mu rack yathu ya data imakhala ndi 1 unit ndipo imatha kupirira katundu wa 16 A.
Pachiwonetsero tikuwona komwe ATS imayendetsedwa, kuchuluka kwa zida zolumikizidwa kumawononga ma amperes. Gwiritsani ntchito batani lapadera kuti musankhe kuika patsogolo mawu oyamba kapena achiwiri. Kumanja kuli madoko olumikizira ku ATS:
- Ethernet port - kulumikiza kuwunika;
- Doko la seri - lowani kudzera pa laputopu ndikuwona zomwe zikuchitika m'zipika;
- USB - ikani flash drive ndikusintha firmware.
Madoko amatha kusinthana: mutha kuchita zonsezi ngati mutha kupeza imodzi mwazo.
Kumbali yakumbuyo kuli mapulagi olumikizira zolowetsa zazikulu ndi zosunga zobwezeretsera ndi gulu la socket lolumikizira zida za IT.
Timawona mwatsatanetsatane za AVR kudzera pa intaneti. Kumeneko mukhoza kusintha kukhudzidwa kwa kusintha ndikuwona zipika.
AVR pa intaneti
Kuyika ndi kugwirizana kwa ATS. Ndi bwino kukhazikitsa AVR mu msinkhu pakati pa choyikapo. Ngati sitikudziwa kasinthidwe kachiwombankhanga pasadakhale, ndiye kuti zida zokhala ndi mphamvu imodzi zitha kufikika ndi mawaya kuchokera pansi ndi pamwamba.
Koma palinso ma nuances: kuya kwa rack wamba ndikokulirapo kuposa kuya kwa AVR. Tikukulimbikitsani kuyiyika pafupi ndi kanjira kozizira momwe mungathere pazifukwa ziwiri:
- Kufikira gulu lakutsogolo. Ngati tiyika ATS pafupi ndi njira yotentha, tidzawona chizindikiro, koma sitingathe kugwirizanitsa ndi madoko. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sitingathe kuwona zipika kapena kuyambitsanso chipangizocho.
Penapake mozama, AVR ikuthwanima - doko silikupezekanso. - Firiji. AVR ikulimbikitsidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pa kutentha kosapitirira 45 Β° C. Komabe, ilibe mafani ake kuti aziziziritsa; ndi chipangizo chachitsulo chodzaza ndi magetsi. Sungani kutentha komwe mukufuna m'njira ziwiri:
- mitsinje ya mpweya yomwe imawomba pa icho kuchokera kunja;
- zomangira zomwe zimachotsa kutentha kwakukulu.
Ngati tiyika ATS pambali ya kanjira kotentha ndipo, kuwonjezerapo, sangweji ndi chitumbuwa cha ma seva, ndiye tidzapeza chitofu. Muzochitika zabwino kwambiri, AVR idzawotcha ubongo wake ndikutaya kukhudzana ndi dziko lakunja, poipa kwambiri, idzayamba kusintha mwachisawawa katunduyo kapena kuwasiya.
The AVR ikuwomba moyang'anizana ndi kolido yotentha.
Panali mlandu. Katswiri wina wochita maseΕ΅era ake anamva kudina kopanda khalidwe.
Pakuya kwa khonde lotentha, pansi pa mulu wa ma seva, ATS idapezeka yomwe imangosintha kuchoka pazolowera zazikulu kupita ku zosunga zobwezeretsera.AVR inasinthidwa. Zipika zimasonyeza kuti kwa sabata lathunthu izo zinasintha sekondi iliyonse - chiwerengero cha masiwiwi oposa theka la milioni. Ndi momwe ziriri
Ndi ma AVR ena ati omwe amapezeka mu rack?
Chiyambi cha Rack ATS. Pamalo athu a data, ATS yotereyi imakhala ngati gwero lokhalo logawa mphamvu mu rack: imagwira ntchito ngati ATS + PDU. Imakhala ndi mayunitsi angapo, imatha kupirira katundu wa 32 A, imalumikizidwa ndi zolumikizira zamafakitale ndipo imatha mphamvu mpaka 6 kW ya zida. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sizingatheke kuyika ma PDU okhazikika, ndipo zida zamtundu umodzi muchoyikamo sizimanyamula katundu wovuta.
Mtengo STS. STS yokhala ndi Rack-mounted STS imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi maopaleshoni. ATS iyi imasintha mwachangu kuposa ATS.
STS iyi imatenga mayunitsi 6 ndipo ili ndi mawonekedwe a "vintage" pang'ono.
Mini-AVR. Pali makanda otere, koma mu data center yathu izi sizili choncho. Iyi ndi mini-ATS ya seva imodzi.
ATS iyi imalumikizidwa mwachindunji kumagetsi a seva.
Momwe timasaka AVR yabwino
Timayesa ma ATS osiyanasiyana ndikuwona momwe amachitira pakatentha kwambiri.
Umu ndi momwe timanyodola AVR kuti tiwoneke:
- timalumikiza kwa icho chojambulira chamtundu wa netiweki, seva ndi zida zina zingapo zonyamula;
- timayika rack ndi mapulagi kapena filimu kuti tikwaniritse kutentha kwakukulu;
- kutentha mpaka 50 Β° C;
- mosinthana zimitsani zolowetsamo ka 20;
- timayang'ana kuti tiwone ngati panali kulephera kwa mphamvu ndi momwe seva imamvera;
- Ngati AVR ipambana mayeso, itenthetseni mpaka 70 Β° C.
Chithunzi chokhala ndi chojambula chotentha kuchokera kumodzi mwamayeso.
Network analyzer imalemba voteji pakapita nthawi. Muzojambula tikuwona kuti kusinthaku kunatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji: panthawiyi mafunde a sine adasokonezedwa
Mwa njira, tidzayesa AVR: tiyang'ana chipangizo chanu kuti chikhale champhamvu ndikukuuzani zomwe zidachitika π
AVR mu rack: chiwopsezo chobisika
Vuto lalikulu ndi ATS yokhala ndi rack ndikuti imatha kungosintha katunduyo kuchokera pachiwopsezo kupita ku zosunga zobwezeretsera, koma sizimateteza kumayendedwe amfupi kapena mochulukira. Ngati dera lalifupi limapezeka pamagetsi, ndiye kuti wowononga dera pamlingo wapamwamba adzagwira ntchito kuti atetezedwe: pa PDU kapena pa bolodi yogawa. Zotsatira zake, cholowetsa chimodzi chazimitsidwa, ATS imamvetsetsa izi ndikusinthira ku gawo lachiwiri. Ngati dera lalifupi likadalipo, cholumikizira chachiwiri chidzayenda. Chotsatira chake, vuto pa chipangizo chimodzi likhoza kuchititsa kuti rack yonse iwonongeke.
Kotero ndikubwerezanso kachiwiri: ganizirani kambirimbiri musanayike ATS mu rack ndikugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo ndi mphamvu imodzi.
Source: www.habr.com