Nthawi ya 9:00 am: Mukuchititsa msonkhano wamakanema muofesi kudzera pa laputopu yanu. 9:00 pm: Mukuwonera wailesi yakanema pa foni yanu yam'manja kunyumba. Dikirani pang'ono, kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti ndi zida ziti zopanda zingwe zomwe zikuyenda pa netiweki yanu yopanda msoko? Inde, mwamvapo anthu pafupi nanu akulankhula za rauta nthawi ndi nthawi. Nanga bwanji malo opanda zingwe (malo ofikira)? Kodi ndizofanana ndi rauta? Ayi ndithu! M'munsimu ife kukuthandizani kusiyanitsa awiri osiyana opanda zingwe zipangizo Intaneti.
Kodi rauta yopanda zingwe ndi chiyani?
Router ndi chipangizo cha netiweki chomwe chimatha kutumiza mawaya kapena opanda zingwe. Monga chipangizo chanzeru, rauta imatha kuyendetsa bwino magalimoto obwera ndi otuluka pamaneti. MwachizoloΕ΅ezi, rautayo idalumikizidwa ndi zida zina zapadera lanu (LAN) kudzera pazingwe zama waya za Efaneti. M'kupita kwa nthawi, ma routers opanda zingwe omwe amapereka mosavuta, kuyika opanda waya pang'onopang'ono akukhala okondedwa m'nyumba zambiri ndi maofesi ang'onoang'ono.
Router yopanda zingwe imatanthawuza chipangizo cha netiweki chomwe chimagwira ntchito za rauta polumikiza opanda zingwe zida zolumikizidwa ndi WiFi (monga ma laputopu, mafoni am'manja, ndi mapiritsi). Kwa oyendetsa mabizinesi, amathandizira IPTV/Digital TV services ndipo atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa Voice over IP (VoIP). Kuphatikiza apo, amakhalanso ndi chitetezo choteteza moto ndi mawu achinsinsi kuti ateteze ku zoopsa zomwe zingachitike kunja kwa netiweki yakomweko.
Chithunzi 1: Chochitika cholumikizira rauta opanda zingwe
Kodi malo opanda zingwe ndi chiyani?
Malo opanda zingwe (omwe amatchedwanso opanda zingwe AP kapena WAP) ndi chipangizo cha hardware cha netiweki chomwe chimawonjezera mphamvu za Wi-Fi ku netiweki yomwe ilipo kale polumikiza magalimoto kuchokera pamalo opanda zingwe kupita ku LAN yamawaya. Malo opanda zingwe amatha kukhala ngati chipangizo chodziyimira pawokha kapena gawo la rauta.
Nthawi zambiri, AP yopanda zingwe imalola zida zopanda kulumikizana kwa Wi-Fi kuti zilumikizane ndi netiweki yopanda zingwe kudzera pa chingwe cha Ethernet. Mwanjira ina, chizindikiro chochokera pa rauta kupita kumalo ofikira chimasinthidwa kuchokera ku waya kupita ku zingwe. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati zofunikira zopezera zichulukira m'tsogolomu, WAP itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kukulitsa kufalikira kwa maukonde omwe alipo.
Chithunzi 2: Chiwonetsero cha Malumikizidwe a Wireless Access Point
Wireless access point vs rauta: pali kusiyana kotani?
Malo olowera opanda zingwe ndi ma router opanda zingwe amathandizira kulumikizana kwa netiweki ya Wi-Fi ndipo amagwira ntchito yofanana. Chotero panali chisokonezo. M'malo mwake, zida ziwirizi zapaintaneti zili ngati azisuweni kuposa mapasa. Kusiyana pakati pawo kudzafotokozedwa pansipa.
Chithunzi 3: AP vs rauta
ntchito
Nthawi zambiri, ma routers ambiri opanda zingwe amaphatikiza ntchito za malo opanda zingwe, rauta ya Ethernet, firewall yoyambira, ndi chosinthira chaching'ono cha Ethernet. Malo olowera opanda zingwe
nthawi zambiri amapangidwa m'zigawo zazida monga ma routers kapena ma Wi-Fi extender. Mwachidule, ma routers opanda zingwe amatha kukhala ngati malo olowera, koma si malo onse olowera omwe angakhale ngati ma routers.
Palibe kukayikira kuti rauta yopanda zingwe, yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati Ethernet hub, imathandizira kupanga maukonde amderalo polumikiza ndikuwongolera zida zonse zolumikizidwa nayo. Komabe, malo olowera ndi chida chothandizira pamaneti am'deralo ndipo amapereka mwayi wopezeka pamaneti okhazikitsidwa ndi rauta. Chifukwa chake, ngati ndinu woyang'anira maukonde, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito rauta yopanda zingwe kuti musinthe ma network, koma malo opanda zingwe alibe ntchito iyi.
Chophatikizira
Router mode vs AP mode, njira yolumikizira ndiyosiyana. Malo olowera opanda zingwe sangathe kulumikizana ndi modemu. Nthawi zambiri chosinthira kapena rauta idzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mkhalapakati. Router yopanda zingwe ili ndi ntchito yolumikizira ma Broadband ndipo imatha kulumikizidwa mwachindunji ku modemu kuti ifike pa intaneti.
Kuphimba
Ma routers opanda zingwe ndi zida zodziwika bwino zapaintaneti masiku ano. Koma ngati rauta sangathe kuphimba chizindikiro cha Wi-Fi, idzakhala yofooka kapena sipadzakhala chizindikiro. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, malo opanda zingwe angathe kuwonjezeredwa m'madera omwe ali ndi vuto la intaneti, kuchotsa malo akufa ndikukulitsa maukonde opanda zingwe.
Ntchito
Nthawi zambiri, ma routers opanda zingwe amatha kukhala ndi malo okhala, malo ogwirira ntchito a SOHO, ndi maofesi ang'onoang'ono kapena mabungwe ndipo amatha kukwaniritsa zosowa zokhazikika komanso zapakatikati. Mwachiwonekere, ma routers oterowo sangakulitsidwe kuti awonetse kufunikira komwe kukukulirakulira kwa maukonde amtsogolo. Ponena za malo opanda zingwe, amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'mabizinesi akulu ndi apakatikati ndi mabungwe, kuphatikiza malo angapo opanda zingwe kuti athandizire ogwiritsa ntchito angapo. Mosiyana ndi zomwe zidachitika m'mbuyomu, oyang'anira ma netiweki amatha kuwonjezera malo ena olowera pomwe kufunikira kukukulirakulira kuti akwaniritse malo ambiri.
Zochitika zasonyeza kuti zinthu zapamwamba zogwira ntchito zimatha kukwaniritsa zosowa zambiri. Mwachidule, zotsatira zomaliza ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti opanda zingwe kunyumba kuti mukwaniritse zosowa za achibale, ndiye kuti rauta yopanda zingwe ndiyokwanira. Komabe, ngati mukufuna kupanga maukonde odalirika opanda zingwe omwe amapindula ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri, malo opanda zingwe ndi abwino kwambiri.
Pomaliza
Ma router opanda zingwe ndi malo opanda zingwe - zonse zimatengera zosowa zanu. Pamamangidwe amtsogolo a Wi-Fi, pali zinthu zina zofunika kuziganizira: kukula kwa tsambalo, kufalikira kwa netiweki, kuchuluka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito a Wi-Fi, komanso zomwe zikuyembekezeka. Monga chisankho choyamba kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri, ma routers opanda zingwe ndi ofunikira pafupifupi nyumba iliyonse ndi bizinesi yaying'ono. Kubwera kwa malo opanda zingwe, mabizinesi akulu amasiku ano akuyang'ana kuwagwiritsa ntchito kuti akwaniritse madera akuluakulu kapena kuthandizira ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri pamanetiweki akulu amderali.
Source: www.habr.com