Zindikirani. transl.: Nkhani yokopa iyi yokhudza blockchain idalembedwa ndikusindikizidwa zaka ziwiri zapitazo mu Dutch. Posachedwa idamasuliridwa m'Chingerezi, zomwe zidapangitsa chidwi chatsopano kuchokera kugulu lalikulu la IT. Ngakhale kuti ziwerengero zina zachikale panthawiyi, mfundo zomwe wolembayo anayesa kufotokoza zimakhala zofanana.
Blockchain idzasintha chirichonse: makampani oyendetsa mayendedwe, kayendetsedwe ka ndalama, boma ... kwenikweni, mwina n'zosavuta kulemba madera a moyo wathu zomwe sizidzakhudza. Komabe, kaŵirikaŵiri kusonkhezeredwa ndi changu chifukwa cha kusadziŵa ndi kuzindikira. Blockchain ndi yankho pofufuza vuto.
Sjoerd Knibbeler adapanga chithunzichi kwa Mtolankhani yekha; zithunzi zotsala m'nkhaniyi zikuchokera ku 'Current Studies' (2013-2016), zambiri zomwe zingapezeke kumapeto kwa nkhaniyi.
Tangoganizani: khamu la opanga mapulogalamu muholo yayikulu. Amakhala pa mipando yopinda, ndi ma laputopu pa matebulo opindika patsogolo pawo. Mwamuna akuwonekera pa siteji yowala ndi kuwala kwa blue-violet.
"Ma blockchainers mazana asanu ndi awiri! - amafuula kwa omvera ake. Amalozera anthu omwe ali m'chipindamo: - Kuphunzira makina ... - ndiyeno pamwamba pa mawu ake: - Kutembenuka kwa Mphamvu! Chisamaliro chamoyo! Chitetezo cha anthu ndi kutsata malamulo! Tsogolo la penshoni dongosolo!
Tikukuthokozani, tili ku Blockchaingers Hackathon 2018 ku Groningen, Netherlands (). Ngati olankhula ayenera kukhulupiriridwa, mbiriyakale ikupangidwa pano. M’mbuyomo, liwu la m’vidiyoyi linafunsa omvera kuti: Kodi angayerekeze kuti pompano, pakali pano, m’chipinda chino, adzapeza njira yothetsera “miyoyo miyandamiyanda”? Ndipo ndi mawu awa, Dziko Lapansi pazenera likuphulika ndi kuwala kwa kuwala.
Kenako nduna ya zamkati yaku Dutch Raymond Knops akuwonekera, atavala zaukadaulo waposachedwa kwambiri - sweatshirt yakuda. Iye ali pano ngati "chapamwamba accelerator" (chirichonse chimene icho chikutanthauza). "Aliyense akuwona kuti blockchain idzasintha utsogoleri," akutero Knops.
Ndakhala ndikumva za blockchain nthawi zonse m'zaka zaposachedwa. Komabe, monga tonsefe. Chifukwa ali paliponse.
Ndipo ine sindine ndekha amene ndikudabwa: kodi wina angandifotokozere chomwe ichi ndi chiyani? Ndipo “chisinthiko” chake nchiyani? Kodi imathetsa vuto lanji?
Kwenikweni, ndichifukwa chake ndinaganiza zolemba nkhaniyi. Ndikhoza kukuuzani nthawi yomweyo: uwu ndi ulendo wachilendo kupita kulikonse. M'moyo wanga sindinakumanepo ndi mawu ochuluka chonchi omwe amalongosola pang'ono. Sindinawonepo pomposity yochuluka kwambiri yomwe imachepa mofulumira poyang'anitsitsa. Ndipo sindinawonepo anthu ochuluka chonchi akufunafuna vuto la “njira” yawo.
"Agent of change" m'tauni yaku Dutch
Anthu okhala ku Zuidhorn, tawuni ya anthu ochepera 8000 kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Netherlands, samadziwa kuti blockchain ndi chiyani.
"Zonse zomwe timadziwa: blockchain ikubwera ndipo kusintha kwapadziko lonse kukutiyembekezera," adatero m'modzi mwa akuluakulu a mzindawo . "Tidasankha: kukhala kumbuyo kapena kuchitapo kanthu."
Anthu a ku Zuidhorn adaganiza zochitapo kanthu. Anaganiza kuti "kusamutsa blockchain" pulogalamu tauni kuthandiza ana ochokera m'mabanja otsika. Kuti achite izi, tauniyi idapempha wophunzira komanso wokonda blockchain Maarten Veldhuijs kuti akaphunzire.
Ntchito yake yoyamba inali kufotokoza chomwe blockchain ndi. Nditamufunsa funso lofanana ndi limeneli, ananena kuti “mtundu wa machitidwe omwe sangathe kuyimitsidwa»,«Mphamvu zachilengedwe", ngati mukufuna, kapena kani,"decentralized consensus algorithm". "Chabwino, izi ndizovuta kufotokoza, pomalizira pake anavomereza. - Ndinauza akuluakulu a boma kuti: “Ndingachite bwino kukufunsirani, ndiyeno zonse zidzamveka bwino.”".
Zosavuta kuzinena koma zovuta kuchita.
Pulogalamu yothandizirayi imalola mabanja opeza ndalama zochepa kubwereka njinga, kupita kumalo owonetserako zisudzo kapena kukanema ndikuwononga mzinda, ndi zina zambiri. M’mbuyomu ankatolera mapepala ndi malisiti ambiri. Koma pulogalamu ya Velthuijs yasintha zonse: tsopano zonse zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikujambula kachidindo - mumapeza njinga, ndipo mwiniwake wamalonda amapeza ndalama.
Mwadzidzidzi, tawuni yaying'onoyo idakhala imodzi mwa "malo akusintha kwa blockchain padziko lonse lapansi." Chisamaliro cha atolankhani komanso mphotho zinatsatira: mzindawu udapeza mphotho ya "zatsopano pantchito zamatauni" ndipo adasankhidwa kuti alandire mphotho ya projekiti yabwino kwambiri ya IT ndi ntchito zabwino kwambiri zaboma.
Akuluakulu a m’derali anasonyeza chidwi kwambiri. Velthuijs ndi gulu lake la "ophunzira" anali akupanga zenizeni zatsopano. Komabe, liwu limeneli silinafanane kwenikweni ndi chisangalalo chimene chinali mumzindawo. Anthu ena ankawatcha mwachindunji "othandizira kusintha" (awa ndi mawu ofala mu Chingerezi onena za anthu omwe - pafupifupi. transl.).
Kodi amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Chabwino, osintha, kusintha, chirichonse chimasintha ... Koma blockchain ndi chiyani?
Pachimake, blockchain ndiye spreadsheet yodziwika kwambiri (ganizirani Excel yokhala ndi spreadsheet imodzi). Mwanjira ina, ndi njira yatsopano yosungira deta. M'malo osungirako zakale nthawi zambiri pamakhala wogwiritsa ntchito m'modzi. Ndi iye amene amasankha yemwe ali ndi mwayi wopeza deta ndi omwe angalowe, kusintha ndi kuchotsa. Ndi blockchain zonse ndizosiyana. Palibe amene ali ndi udindo pa chilichonse, ndipo palibe amene angasinthe kapena kuchotsa deta. Iwo akhoza kokha yambitsa и kusakatula.
Bitcoin ndiye woyamba, wotchuka kwambiri, ndipo mwina kugwiritsa ntchito blockchain kokha. Ndalama ya digito iyi imakulolani kusamutsa ndalama kuchokera ku point A kupita ku point B popanda kutenga nawo gawo kubanki.
Kodi amagwira ntchito bwanji? Tangoganizani kuti mukufunika kusamutsa ndalama kuchokera kwa Jesse kupita kwa James. Mabanki ndi abwino pa izi. Mwachitsanzo, ndimapempha kubanki kuti itumize ndalama kwa James. Banki imayamba macheke ofunikira: kodi pali ndalama zokwanira mu akaunti? Kodi nambala ya akaunti yomwe yasonyezedwa ilipo? Ndipo m'dawunilodi yakeyo amalemba ngati "kusamutsa ndalama kuchokera kwa Jesse kupita kwa James."
Pankhani ya Bitcoin, zinthu ndizovuta kwambiri. Mukulengeza mokweza mumtundu wina wamacheza akulu: "Chotsani bitcoin imodzi kuchokera kwa Jesse kupita kwa James!" Ndiye pali ogwiritsa ntchito (ogwira ntchito m'migodi) omwe amasonkhanitsa malonda m'magulu ang'onoang'ono.
Kuti muwonjezere midadada yogulitsirayi ku ledger ya blockchain yapagulu, ogwira ntchito m'migodi ayenera kuthana ndi vuto lovuta (ayenera kulingalira kuchuluka kwakukulu kuchokera pamndandanda waukulu kwambiri wa manambala). Ntchitoyi nthawi zambiri imatenga pafupifupi mphindi 10 kuti ithe. Ngati nthawi yopeza yankho ikuchepa pang'onopang'ono (mwachitsanzo, oyendetsa migodi amasintha ku zipangizo zamphamvu kwambiri), zovuta za vutoli zimangowonjezereka.
Yankho likapezeka, wochita mgodi amawonjezera zochitika ku mtundu waposachedwa wa blockchain - womwe umasungidwa kwanuko. Ndipo uthenga umabwera pamacheza: "Ndathetsa vutoli, taonani!" Aliyense angathe kufufuza ndikuonetsetsa kuti yankho lake ndi lolondola. Pambuyo pake, aliyense amasintha mitundu yawo ya blockchain. Voila! Ntchitoyi yatha. Mgodi amalandira bitcoins ngati mphotho ya ntchito yake.
Kodi ntchito imeneyi ndi yotani?
N’chifukwa chiyani ntchito imeneyi ili yofunika? Ndipotu ngati aliyense akanakhala woona mtima nthawi zonse, sipakanakhala chifukwa chake. Koma taganizirani nthawi yomwe wina asankha kugwiritsa ntchito ma bitcoins awo kawiri. Mwachitsanzo, ndimauza Yakobo ndi Yohane nthawi imodzi kuti: “Nayi Bitcoin yanu.” Ndipo wina ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti izi ndi zotheka. M'lingaliro limeneli, ogwira ntchito m'migodi amagwira ntchito yomwe mabanki nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi udindo: amasankha zomwe zimaloledwa.
Zoonadi, wogwira ntchito m’migodi angayese kuchita chinyengo pogwirizana nane. Koma kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito ma bitcoins omwewo kawiri kudzawululidwa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo ochita migodi ena amakana kukonzanso blockchain. Chifukwa chake, wochita mgodi woyipa amawononga ndalama kuti athetse vutoli, koma sadzalandira mphotho. Chifukwa cha zovuta za vutoli, ndalama zolithetsera ndizokwera kwambiri moti zimakhala zopindulitsa kwambiri kuti oyendetsa migodi azitsatira malamulo.
Kalanga, makina oterowo ndi osathandiza. Ndipo zinthu zitha kukhala zophweka ngati kasamalidwe ka data angaperekedwe kwa munthu wina (mwachitsanzo, banki). Koma izi ndi zomwe Satoshi Nakamoto, woyambitsa wotchuka wa Bitcoin, ankafuna kupewa. Iye ankaona kuti mabanki ndi oipa padziko lonse. Kupatula apo, amatha kuyimitsa kapena kuchotsa ndalama ku akaunti yanu nthawi iliyonse. Ndicho chifukwa chake adabwera ndi Bitcoin.
Ndipo Bitcoin imagwira ntchito. Ecosystem ya cryptocurrency ikukula ndikukula: malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwaposachedwa, kuchuluka kwa ndalama za digito kwadutsa 1855. (pa pofika pa February 2020, alipo kale opitilira 5000 aiwo - pafupifupi. transl.).
Koma nthawi yomweyo, sitinganene kuti Bitcoin ndi yopambana modabwitsa. Ochepa ochepa masitolo amavomereza ndalama za digito, ndipo pazifukwa zomveka. Choyamba, malipiro okha ndi kwambiri (nthawi zina malipiro amatenga mphindi 9, koma pakhala pali nthawi pamene ntchitoyo inatenga masiku 9!). Njira yolipirira ndiyovuta kwambiri (yesani nokha - kutsegula chithuza cholimba ndi lumo ndikosavuta). Ndipo potsiriza, mtengo wa Bitcoin palokha ndi wosakhazikika kwambiri (unakwera mpaka € 17000, unagwera ku € 3000, kenako unalumphanso ku € 10000 ...).
Koma choyipa kwambiri ndichakuti tidakali kutali ndi utopia yokhazikika yomwe Nakamoto adalota, ndikuchotsa oyimira "odalirika" osafunikira. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, pali maiwe atatu okha a migodi (dziwe la migodi ndi makompyuta akuluakulu a migodi omwe ali kwinakwake ku Alaska kapena malo ena akutali pamwamba pa Arctic Circle) omwe ali ndi udindo wopanga ma bitcoins atsopano.* (ndipo, moyenerera, poyang'ana zochitika). (Pakadali pano pali 4 mwa iwo - pafupifupi transl.)
* Nakamoto ankakhulupirira kuti munthu aliyense akhoza kuyesetsa kuthetsa vuto mofanana ndi ena. Komabe, makampani ena adapezerapo mwayi wopeza zida zapadera komanso malo. Chifukwa cha mpikisano wopanda chilungamo wotero, adatha kutenga gawo lotsogola pazachilengedwe. Ntchito yomwe idapangidwa kuti ikhale yogawika m'madera onse idakhalanso pakati. Mlingo wapano wa decentralization wa ma cryptocurrencies osiyanasiyana ukhoza kuwonedwa .
Pakalipano, Bitcoin ndi yoyenera kwambiri pamalingaliro azachuma. Munthu wamwayi amene adagula cryptocurrency kwa madola 20 kapena mayuro kumayambiriro kwa kukhalapo kwake tsopano ali ndi ndalama zokwanira maulendo angapo padziko lonse lapansi.
Zomwe zimatifikitsa ku blockchain. Ukadaulo wosalowetsedwa womwe umabweretsa chuma chadzidzidzi ndi njira yotsimikizika ya hype. Alangizi, mameneja ndi alangizi amaphunzira za ndalama zosamvetsetseka zomwe zimasandutsa anthu wamba kukhala mamilionea a nyuzipepala. "Hmm ... ifenso tiyenera kukhala ndi dzanja mu izi," iwo amaganiza. Koma izi sizingachitikenso ndi Bitcoin. Kumbali ina, pali blockchain - ukadaulo kumbuyo maziko Bitcoin, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kozizira.
Blockchain ikufotokoza mwachidule lingaliro la Bitcoin: tiyeni tichotse osati mabanki okha, komanso zolembetsa zamtunda, makina ovota, makampani a inshuwaransi, Facebook, Uber, Amazon, Lung Foundation, makampani olaula, boma ndi bizinesi yonse. Chifukwa cha blockchain, onse adzakhala osafunikira. Mphamvu kwa ogwiritsa!
[Mu 2018] WIRED adasankhidwa wa 187 madera amene blockchain akhoza kusintha.
Makampani okwana 600 miliyoni euro
Pakadali pano, Bloomberg Kukula kwamakampani padziko lonse lapansi pafupifupi 700 miliyoni USD kapena 600 miliyoni mayuro (izi zinali mu 2018; malinga ndi , msikawo unakwana 1,2 biliyoni USD ndipo unafika 3 biliyoni mu 2020 - pafupifupi. transl.). Makampani akuluakulu monga IBM, Microsoft ndi Accenture ali ndi madipatimenti onse odzipereka paukadaulo uwu. Netherlands ili ndi mitundu yonse ya zothandizira pazatsopano za blockchain.
Vuto lokhalo ndiloti pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa malonjezo ndi zenizeni. Pakadali pano, zikuwoneka ngati blockchain ikuwoneka bwino kwambiri pazithunzi za PowerPoint. Kafukufuku wa Bloomberg adapeza kuti ntchito zambiri za blockchain sizipitilira kutulutsa atolankhani. Boma la Honduras likufuna kusamutsa kaundula wa malo ku blockchain. Dongosolo ili linali pa chowotcha chakumbuyo. Kusinthana kwa Nasdaq kunalinso kuyang'ana kuti apange njira yothetsera blockchain. . Nanga bwanji Dutch Central Bank? Ndipo kachiwiri ! Wolemba kufunsira olimba Deloitte, wa 86000+ ntchito blockchain anapezerapo, 92% anasiyidwa ndi mapeto a 2017.
N’chifukwa chiyani ntchito zambiri zikulephera? Wowunikira - ndipo chifukwa chake wakale - wopanga blockchain Mark van Cuijk akuti: "Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito forklift kukweza phukusi la mowa patebulo lakukhitchini. Sizothandiza kwenikweni. "
Ndilembapo mavuto angapo. Choyamba, ukadaulo uwu umatsutsana ndi malamulo a EU oteteza deta, makamaka ufulu wakuiwalika kwa digito. Zambiri zikapezeka pa blockchain, sizingachotsedwe. Mwachitsanzo, pali maulalo ku zolaula za ana mu Bitcoin blockchain. Ndipo sangachotsedwe kumeneko.
* Wogwira mgodi amatha kuwonjezera zolemba zilizonse ku Bitcoin blockchain. Tsoka ilo, izi zitha kuphatikizanso maulalo owonera zolaula za ana ndi zithunzi zamaliseche za exes. Werengani zambiri: ""Wolemba Matzutt et al (2018).
Komanso, blockchain sichidziwika, koma "pseudonymous": wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense amamangiriridwa ku nambala inayake, ndipo aliyense amene angagwirizane ndi dzina la wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ndi nambalayi adzatha kufufuza mbiri yonse ya zochitika zake. Kupatula apo, zochita za aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito blockchain ndizotseguka kwa aliyense.
Mwachitsanzo, Hillary Clinton amati hackers imelo anagwidwa ndi mafananidwe awo ndi Bitcoin wotuluka. Ofufuza ochokera ku yunivesite ya Qatar adatha molondola zidziwitso za makumi masauzande a ogwiritsa ntchito Bitcoin pogwiritsa ntchito malo ochezera a pa Intaneti. Ofufuza ena awonetsa momwe zimakhalira zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito trackers pamasamba ogulitsa pa intaneti.
Mfundo yakuti palibe amene ali ndi udindo pa chirichonse ndipo zonse zomwe zili pa blockchain sizingasinthe zimatanthauzanso kuti zolakwa zilizonse zimakhalapo kwamuyaya. Banki ikhoza kuletsa kutumiza ndalama. Pankhani ya Bitcoin ndi ma cryptocurrencies ena, izi sizingatheke. Choncho chilichonse chimene chabedwa chikhalabe chabedwa. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha obera nthawi zonse amaukira kusinthana kwa ndalama za crypto ndi ogwiritsa ntchito, ndipo ochita chinyengo amayambitsa "zida zogulitsira", zomwe zimakhala . Mwa kuyerekezera kwina, pafupifupi 15% ya ma bitcoins onse anali . Koma sanakwanitse zaka 10!
Bitcoin ndi Ethereum amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zofanana ndi Austria yonse
Kuphatikiza apo, palinso nkhani ya ecology. “Nkhani ya chilengedwe? Kodi sitikulankhula za ndalama za digito?" - mudzadabwa. Ndi za iwo zomwe zimapangitsa zinthu kukhala zachilendo kotheratu. Kuthetsa mavuto onse ovuta a masamuwa kumafuna kuchuluka kwa magetsi. Zazikulu kwambiri kotero kuti ma blockchains akulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, Bitcoin ndi Ethereum, akudya pano . Kulipira kudzera mu dongosolo la Visa kumafuna pafupifupi 0,002 kWh; malipiro omwewo a bitcoin amadya mpaka 906 kWh yamagetsi - nthawi zoposa theka la milioni. Kuchuluka kwa magetsi kumeneku kumadyedwa ndi banja la anthu awiri pafupifupi miyezi itatu.
Ndipo pakapita nthawi, vuto la chilengedwe lidzakhala lovuta kwambiri. Ogwira ntchito m'migodi adzagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zowonjezera (ndiko kuti, adzamanga minda yowonjezera migodi kwinakwake ku Alaska), zovutazo zidzangowonjezereka, zomwe zimafuna mphamvu zambiri zamakompyuta. Mpikisano wa zida zopanda malirewu, wopanda pake umabweretsa kuchuluka kwazinthu zomwe zimafuna magetsi ochulukirapo.
Ndipo chifukwa chiyani? Ili ndiye funso lofunika kwambiri: ndi vuto lanji lomwe blockchain imathetsa? Chabwino, chifukwa cha Bitcoin, mabanki sangangotulutsa ndalama mu akaunti yanu mwakufuna kwanu. Koma kodi izi zimachitika kangati? Sindinamvepo kuti banki imangotenga ndalama ku akaunti ya munthu. Ngati banki idachita zinthu ngati izi, ikadatsutsidwa nthawi yomweyo ndikutaya chilolezo. Mwaukadaulo izi ndizotheka; mwalamulo ndi chilango cha imfa.
Inde, scammers sakugona. Anthu amanama ndi chinyengo. Koma vuto lalikulu lagona (“wina amalembetsa mobisa chidutswa cha nyama ya kavalo ngati ng’ombe”), osati olamulira (“bankiyo imapangitsa kuti ndalama ziwonongeke”).
Wina adaganiza zosamutsa kaundula wa malo ku blockchain. M’malingaliro awo, zimenezi zingathetse mavuto onse m’maiko okhala ndi maboma achinyengo. Mwachitsanzo, lingalirani Greece, kumene nyumba yachisanu iriyonse sinalembetsedwe. N’chifukwa chiyani nyumbazi sizinalembedwe m’kaundula? Chifukwa Agiriki amangomanga popanda kupempha chilolezo kwa aliyense, ndipo zotsatira zake ndi nyumba yosalembetsa.
Koma blockchain sangathe kuchita chilichonse. Blockchain ndi nkhokwe chabe, osati njira yodzilamulira yokha yomwe imayang'ana deta yonse kuti ikhale yolondola (osatchulapo kuyimitsa zomanga zonse zosaloledwa). Malamulo omwewo amagwiranso ntchito ku blockchain monga nkhokwe ina iliyonse: zinyalala mu = zinyalala kunja.
Kapena, monga momwe Matt Levine, wolemba nkhani wa ku Bloomberg, akunenera kuti: “Zolemba zanga zosasinthika, zobisika za blockchain zoti ndili ndi ma 10 mapaundi a aluminiyamu posungira sizingathandize kwambiri kubanki ngati nditulutsa aluminiyumu yonseyo mobisa. khomo lakumbuyo.” .
Deta iyenera kuwonetsa zenizeni, koma nthawi zina zenizeni zimasintha ndipo deta imakhala yofanana. Ichi ndichifukwa chake tili ndi notary, oyang'anira, maloya - kwenikweni, anthu onse otopetsa omwe blockchain akuyenera kuchita popanda.
Blockchain imatsata "pansi pa hood"
Nanga bwanji za mzinda watsopano wa Zuidhorn? Kodi kuyesa kwa blockchain sikunathe bwino pamenepo?
Chabwino, ayi ndithu. Ndaphunzira kuthandiza ana ovutika pa GitHub, ndipo panalibe zambiri zomwe zinkawoneka ngati blockchain kapena china chonga icho. Mulimonsemo, idakhazikitsa mgodi m'modzi kuti afufuze zamkati, akuyenda pa seva yosalumikizidwa ndi intaneti. Ntchito yomaliza inali pulogalamu yosavuta kwambiri, yokhala ndi kachidindo kakang'ono kamene kamayendera pamasamba wamba.
Ndinamutcha Maarten Velthuijs:
- Hei, ndazindikira kuti ntchito yanu sifunikira blockchain konse.
- Inde ndi choncho.
"Koma sizodabwitsa kuti mwalandira mphotho zonsezi ngakhale kuti ntchito yanu siyigwiritsa ntchito blockchain?"
- Inde, ndizodabwitsa.
- Izi zidachitika bwanji?
- Sindikudziwa. Tayesera mobwerezabwereza kufotokoza izi kwa anthu, koma iwo samamva. Ndiye mumandiimbiranso chinthu chomwecho...
Ndiye blockchain ili kuti?
Zuidhorn ndi chimodzimodzi. Mukayang'anitsitsa, mutha kupeza gulu lamitundu yonse yama projekiti a blockchain omwe blockchain akadali pamapepala.
Tengani Logi Yanga Yosamalira ("Mijn Zorg Log" poyambirira), pulojekiti ina yoyeserera yopambana mphoto (koma nthawi ino pankhani ya umayi). Anthu onse achi Dutch omwe ali ndi makanda obadwa kumene ali ndi ufulu wolandira chithandizo chamankhwala pambuyo pobereka. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi phindu la ana ku Zuidhorn, pulogalamuyi inali yovuta kwambiri. Tsopano mutha kukhazikitsa pulogalamu pa smartphone yanu yomwe ingatenge ziwerengero za kuchuluka kwa ntchito zomwe mwalandira komanso ndi zingati zomwe zatsala.
Lipoti lomaliza likuwonetsa kuti My Care Log sagwiritsa ntchito chilichonse chomwe chimapangitsa blockchain kukhala yapadera. Gulu lina la anthu linasankhidwatu ndi anthu ogwira ntchito ku migodi. Mwakutero, amatha kuletsa deta iliyonse yolembetsedwa *. Lipotilo likunena kuti izi ndizabwino kwa chilengedwe komanso kutsatira malamulo oteteza deta yamunthu pa intaneti. Koma si mfundo yonse ya blockchain kuti mupewe anthu odalirika? Ndiye chikuchitika ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
* Izi ndizowonanso kwa onse opereka chithandizo cha blockchain am'badwo wotsatira monga IBM. Amaperekanso ufulu wokonza ndi kuwerenga kwa anthu ena kapena makampani.
Ngati mukufuna kumva malingaliro anga, akupanga database wamba, ngakhale wapakati, koma akuchita izi mosasamala. Ngati musefa zolemba zonse, lipotilo limasintha kukhala kufotokozera kosasangalatsa kwa kamangidwe ka database. Amalemba za ledger yogawidwa (yomwe ndi malo osungira anthu onse), makontrakitala anzeru (omwe ndi ma aligorivimu), ndi umboni waulamuliro (umene ndi ufulu wosefa zomwe zimalowa munkhokwe).
Mitengo ya Merkle (njira "yochepetsera" deta kuchokera kumacheke ake) ndi chinthu chokhacho cha blockchain chomwe chinapanga kukhala chomaliza. Inde, ndi teknoloji yabwino, palibe cholakwika ndi izo. Vuto lokha ndilokuti mitengo ya Merkle yakhalapo kuyambira 1979 ndipo yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zambiri (mwachitsanzo, mu Git version control system, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi pafupifupi mapulogalamu onse padziko lapansi). Ndiye kuti, iwo sali okha ku blockchain.
Pali kufunikira kwa matsenga, ndipo kufunako ndi kwakukulu
Monga ndanenera, nkhani yonseyi ndi ya ulendo wodabwitsa wopita kulikonse.
Ndikalemba, ndinaganiza zocheza ndi m'modzi mwa omwe amatipanga (inde, palidi okonza enieni, omwe akuyenda mozungulira ofesi yathu). Ndipo m'modzi wa iwo, Tim Strijdhorst, samadziwa pang'ono za blockchain. Koma anandiuza chinthu chochititsa chidwi.
"Ndimagwira ntchito ndi code, ndipo anthu ondizungulira amandiwona ngati mfiti," adatero monyadira. Izi zinkamudabwitsa nthawi zonse. Wizard? Theka la nthawi akukuwa pa zenera lake mokhumudwa, kuyesera kuti abwere ndi "zokonza" za PHP script yachikale.
Zomwe Tim akutanthauza ndikuti ICT, monga dziko lonse lapansi, ndi chisokonezo chachikulu.
Ndipo ichi ndichinthu chomwe ife - akunja, anthu wamba, osagwiritsa ntchitoukadaulo - timangokana kuvomereza. Alangizi ndi alangizi amakhulupirira kuti mavuto (kaya atakhala padziko lonse lapansi komanso ofunikira bwanji) adzasunthika ndi funde la chala chifukwa chaukadaulo womwe adaphunzira kuchokera ku chiwonetsero chokongola cha PowerPoint. Kodi zikhala bwanji? Ndani amasamala! Osayesa kuzimvetsa, koma pindulani nazo!*
* Malinga ndi Mu kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi consultancy Deloitte, 70% ya CEOs ananena kuti anali ndi "zochitikira zambiri" mu blockchain. Malinga ndi iwo, liwiro ndiye mwayi waukulu wa blockchain. Izi zimadzutsa mafunso okhudza mphamvu zawo zamaganizidwe, popeza ngakhale okonda blockchain amawona kuthamanga kwake kukhala vuto.
Uwu ndi msika wamatsenga. Ndipo msika uwu ndi waukulu. Khalani blockchain, data yayikulu, cloud computing, luntha lochita kupanga kapena mawu ena.
Komabe, nthawi zina kuganiza “zamatsenga” kotereku kungakhale kofunikira. Tengani, mwachitsanzo, kuyesa kwa chisamaliro cha postpartum. Inde, zinatha popanda zotsatira. Koma Hugo de Kaat wochokera ku inshuwaransi ya VGZ, yemwe adachita nawo kafukufukuyu, akuti "chifukwa cha kuyesa kwathu, Facet, wopereka mapulogalamu akuluakulu okhudza chisamaliro cha pambuyo pobereka, adalimbikitsa zoyesayesa zake." Apanganso ntchito yofananira, koma popanda mabelu ndi mluzu - matekinoloje azikhalidwe.
Nanga bwanji Maarten Velthuijs? Kodi angapange pulogalamu yake yodabwitsa yothandizira ana opanda blockchain? Ayi, akuvomereza. Koma iye samaumirira nkomwe ponena za luso lazopangapanga. "Sitinapambanenso nthawi zonse pamene anthu anali kuphunzira kuuluka," akutero Velthuijs. - Yang'anani pa YouTube - pali kanema komwe munthu adalumpha kuchokera ku Eiffel Tower ndi parachute yopangira kunyumba! Inde, ndithudi anagwa. Koma timafunanso anthu otere.”
Chifukwa chake: ngati Maarten amafunikira blockchain kuti ntchitoyo igwire ntchito, zabwino! Ngati lingaliro lokhala ndi blockchain silinathe, zikanakhalanso zabwino. Ngakhale zili choncho, angaphunzire zatsopano zokhudza zimene zimagwira ntchito ndi zosagwira ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, mzindawu tsopano uli ndi pulogalamu yabwino yonyadira.
Mwina ichi ndiye chofunikira chachikulu cha blockchain: ndi kampeni yazidziwitso, ngakhale yokwera mtengo. "Kasamalidwe ka ofesi yakumbuyo" nthawi zambiri simakhala pamisonkhano yamagulu, koma "blockchain" ndi "zatsopano" ndi alendo omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi.
Chifukwa cha blockchain hype, Maarten adatha kupanga pulogalamu yake yothandizira ana, opereka chithandizo pambuyo pobereka anayamba kuyanjana wina ndi mzake, ndipo makampani ambiri ndi akuluakulu a boma anayamba kuzindikira kuti bungwe lawo la deta linali lolakwika bwanji (kunena mofatsa).
Inde, zidatengera malonjezo osakwaniritsidwa, koma zotsatira zake zidachitika nthawi yomweyo: Akuluakulu a CEO tsopano ali ndi chidwi ndi zinthu zosasangalatsa zomwe zimathandiza kuti dziko lapansi likhale labwino kwambiri: palibe chapadera, chabwinoko pang'ono.
Monga Matt Levine akulembera, phindu lalikulu la blockchain ndikuti lapanga dziko lapansi "samalani ndi kukonzanso matekinoloje akuofesi ndikukhulupilira kuti zosinthazi zitha kukhala zosintha".
Za zithunzi. mu studio yake amakonda kuyesa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zowuluka. Anajambula zithunzi zonse zomwe zili m'nkhaniyi (kuchokera mu mndandanda wa Current Studies) pogwiritsa ntchito mafani, zowombera ndi zotsukira. Zotsatira zake ndi zithunzi zomwe zimapanga zosawoneka: mphepo. "Zojambula" zake zodabwitsa zili pamalire a zenizeni ndi zopanda pake, kutembenuza thumba la pulasitiki wamba kapena ndege yokhala ndi utsi kukhala chinthu chamatsenga.
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Source: www.habr.com