Ngati mukhulupirira , 1% yokha ya oyambitsa amapulumuka. Sitidzakambirana zifukwa zakufa uku; iyi si ntchito yathu. Tikufuna kukuwuzani momwe mungakulitsire mwayi wopulumuka kudzera mu kasamalidwe koyenera ka IT.
M'nkhani:
- zolakwika zomwe zimayambira mu IT;
- momwe kumathandiza kupewa zolakwika izi;
- zitsanzo zophunzitsa kuchokera muzochita.
Cholakwika ndi chiyani ndi IT poyambira?
Ndikoyenera kufotokozera kuti poyambira sitikutanthauza sitolo ya khofi kapena insectarium mu malo ogulitsa. Tikunena za zoyambira zaukadaulo - za iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi kupambana kwa GitHub, Uber, Slack, Miro, ndi zina zambiri.
Oyambitsa nthawi zonse amakhala ndi zovuta zambiri zomwe zimawalepheretsa kuchoka: kuchoka ku ndalama zosakwanira kupita ku mtundu wabizinesi wosatukuka. Momwemonso, modabwitsa, ndi vuto la kupambana koyamba.
Kupambana koyamba ndi koyipa kwa oyamba kumene omwe amangoyerekeza kuthekera kwawo, makamaka azachuma ndi ogwira ntchito. Pambuyo potseka milandu yoyamba yopambana, okhulupirira oterowo amakhala ndi chikhumbo chokulitsa nthawi yomweyo: kubwereka ofesi ina, kulembera ogulitsa atsopano ndi otukula ku gulu, ndipo nthawi yomweyo kukulitsa kumbuyo (komanso ndi malire). Apa ndipamene vuto #1 limawonekera nthawi yomweyo.
Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo amachita zinthu zomwe sadziwa kuchita.
Ndipo samachita zomwe zimafunikira kuti ayambe kuyambitsa. Ndiloleni ndifotokoze.
Choyambitsa chilichonse chiyenera kukhala ndi magawo atatu:
- Katswiri wa IT (kapena teknoloji);
- wogulitsa (kapena wogulitsa);
- wamasomphenya (kapena wochita bizinesi yemwenso nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ndalama).
Nthawi zambiri maudindowa amasakanikirana. Mwachitsanzo, kuyambitsa ndi katswiri wa IT yemwe, kuwonjezera apo, amakakamizika kugulitsa. Sanagulitsepo ndipo amachita zonse momwe angathere. Kuyambitsa kotereku ndi mtundu wa timu yoyipa yochita ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
Koma tinene kuti kuyambika kuli ndi mwayi: pali wina woti amugulitse, ndipo katswiri wa IT akuganizira za bizinesi yakeyake. Komabe, ndizosowa kuti katswiri wa IT amaphatikiza ziyeneretso zosiyanasiyana: wopanga, woyesa, woyang'anira, mainjiniya omanga. Ndipo ngakhale zitaphatikizana, sizingatheke kuti zikhale zabwino mofanana. Akhoza kumvetsetsa zapakati, koma osati kwambiri ndi mautumiki amtambo ndi mapulogalamu a virtualization.
Pamene backend ikukula, katundu pa katswiri wa IT amawonjezeka. Chinachake chimayamba "kugwa". Choyipa kwambiri ngati ili ndi gawo lofunikira poyambira, monga chitukuko chazinthu. Ndipo tsopano munthu ayenera kugwira ntchito nthawi yowonjezereka, ndipo nthawi zina usana ndi usiku.
Kuchulukirachulukira chifukwa cha kusowa kwa anthu ndi ziyeneretso ndizomwe zimawonekera pamayambiriro ambiri, chifukwa choti anthu akuchita zolakwika.
Ntchito zonse zimayikidwa pamakina amodzi
Oyambitsa nthawi zambiri, kutengera malingaliro awo okhudza ndalama, malo otukuka, nkhokwe, seva yapaintaneti, kuwunika, ndi zina zambiri pa VM imodzi. Poyamba, bizinesi yonseyi imagwira ntchito mopitilira muyeso. Mavuto amayamba pamene muyenera kukulitsa.
Zoyambira nthawi zambiri zimakula molunjika. Ndiko kuti, amangowonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma CPU, kuchuluka kwa RAM, ma disks, ndi zina zotero - iyi ndi njira yachikale ya monolithic, zotsatira zake zoipa zomwe nthawi zina zimakhala zosasinthika. Ngati kampani yaying'ono ikukula, panthawi inayake mtengo wazinthu zowonjezera umalumphira pamlingo wosatheka. Pankhaniyi, pali njira imodzi yokha yokwaniritsira zomangamanga: kuziphatikizanso.
Momwe IT imayendetsedwa
Kwa mtundu uwu wa projekiti tili ndi ntchito yoyendetsedwa yoyendetsedwa - .
Wogula amalandira kuchokera m'bokosi:
- kukonzekera malo ofunikira ntchito: dev, test, prod;
- kukhazikitsidwa kwa CI/CD njira;
- zida zokonzekera ntchito yamagulu: otsata ntchito, makina owongolera mtundu, kutumiza, kuyesa, ndi zina.
Pazitukuko ndi zida, zoyambira zonse zimafunikira zinthu zomwezo. Ngati mufananiza msika wogulitsa ndi migodi ya golidi, Managed Services Provider (MSP) amapereka zida zatsopano, zapamwamba: zonyamula ndi ngolo zomwe sizikusweka, mapu osanama. Wofufuza amangosankha malo oti akumbire.
Ubwino wa IT yoyendetsedwa
Managed IT ndi ntchito yokwanira yomwe imakwaniritsa zofunika zingapo zofunika.
- Poyambira, timapereka zofunikira komanso zosinthidwa makonda pantchito, kukula ndi kuyesa malingaliro.
- Titha kunena ndendende momwe mtengowo udzakulirakulira pakukweza, chifukwa tikudziwa kuti metric yofunika ndikulumikizana kwachuma choyambira.
- Timapereka zokambirana kuti tipulumutse oyambira nthawi yayitali kwambiri. Titha kuthandizanso powerengera za chuma cha polojekitiyi.
- Timagawana machitidwe abwino pamsika. Anthu ku ITGLOBAL.COM agwira ntchito ndi zoyambira zingapo. Zambiri mwa zoyambira izi zimachitika pamwezi. Izi zimatilola kusonkhanitsa pamodzi zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri (komanso zoyipa) ndikugawana zomwe takumana nazo ndi makasitomala.
Milandu iwiri yochita
Malinga ndi NDA, sitingatchule makampani enieni, koma kuchuluka kwake ndi malonda, inde.
Chigawo: fintech/retail
Mankhwala: msika
Mavuto:
- Panalibe kuyesa mu unyolo wa CI/CD. Kuwonjezera oyesa akutali kunangopangitsa kuti ntchito yomanga ikhale yovuta kwambiri.
- Madivelopa amagwira ntchito nthawi imodzi pa seva imodzi ya dev popanda malo odzipatulira m'mitsuko.
- 70% ya nthawi ya omanga idagwiritsidwa ntchito zomwezo kuyambira kumasulidwa mpaka kumasulidwa. Kuthamanga kwachitukuko kunali kochepa kwambiri.
- Zomangamangazo zinagwiritsidwa ntchito ku kampani yotsika mtengo yochititsa chidwi ku Germany (ie, palibe liwiro, palibe kudalirika).
Izi, mwa njira, zimawonedwa mu polojekiti iliyonse yoyamba.
Yankho limayang'aniridwa ndi DevOps: tidakhazikitsa njira za CI/CD, tidapanga mayeso olondola ndi kuwunika, kulowererapo pazachitukuko pamlingo wabizinesi, ndikusamutsa zida zogwirira ntchito ku ma seva opindulitsa mu data Center ya Tier III.
Zotsatira:
- Kuchita bwino kwachitukuko kwawonjezeka: zatsopano ndi zosintha zinayamba kutuluka mofulumira ndi ntchito yochepa;
- chifukwa chake, mtengo wa chitukuko chonse chatsika;
- zomangamanga zakhala zosinthika: kasitomala amatha kukwera mmwamba ndi pansi;
- mitengo ya DevOps yoyendetsedwa, malinga ndi kasitomala, idalipira mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Chigawo: kutsatsa kwapaintaneti
Mankhwala: Pulatifomu ya AI yopangira zotsatsa zotsatsa
Mavuto:
- backend pa hardware yakale, mu data center ndi mlingo wochepa wa kulekerera zolakwika;
- kusowa kwa zosunga zobwezeretsera nthawi zonse;
- zomangamanga za monolithic.
Yankho linayendetsedwa ndi IT: tinasamutsa zowonongeka ku hardware yotsiriza, tinakonza gulu la Galera kuti likhale lopingasa, likuwonetsa momwe katundu pa VM adzagawidwira, kukhazikitsa zosunga zobwezeretsera ndi kuyang'anira. Tsopano, kuwonjezera pa kukonza, timakambirana mwachangu, kuphatikiza pa DevOps.
Zotsatira:
- zomangamanga zakhala microservice: mtengo wowonjezera watsika kwambiri, ndipo kuthekera kokulirapo, pamtengo womwewo, kwawonjezeka;
- kudalirika ndi chitetezo cha zomangamanga chawonjezeka;
- Madivelopa asintha kuchokera ku njira yopangira ma cascade kupita ku CI/CD, zomwe zidathandizira kuchepetsa ndalama;
- Phindu lazachuma la IT lomwe limayendetsedwa, malinga ndi kasitomala, lidawonekera nthawi yomweyo.
Pomaliza
Kupulumuka kwa oyambitsa kumadalira kwambiri mwayi. Kuyamba kumodzi kumatha kuwononga ndalama pazida zodula osapeza kalikonse. Wina adzachita bwino ngakhale ali ndi zida zotayirira za IT - monga momwe wogwirira golide amapezera mgodi wagolide wokhala ndi pickaxe yakale.
Komabe, zida zamakono, machitidwe ndi ogwira ntchito omwe a Managed IT amapereka amachepetsa kwambiri mwayi wolephera.
Source: www.habr.com