Zomangamanga za mzinda wamakono zimamangidwa pazida zapaintaneti za Zinthu: kuchokera ku makamera a kanema m'misewu kupita kumalo opangira magetsi amadzi ndi zipatala zazikulu. Obera amatha kusintha chida chilichonse cholumikizidwa kukhala bot ndikuchigwiritsa ntchito kuchita ziwonetsero za DDoS.
Zolinga zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri: owononga, mwachitsanzo, akhoza kulipidwa ndi boma kapena mabungwe, ndipo nthawi zina amangokhala achifwamba omwe amafuna kusangalala ndi ndalama.
Ku Russia, asitikali akuchulukirachulukira kutiwopseza ndi kuukira kwa cyber pa "malo ofunikira" (zinali ndendende kuti ziteteze ku izi, makamaka mwalamulo, kuti lamulo la pa intaneti lidakhazikitsidwa).
Komabe, iyi si nkhani yowopsya yokha. Malinga ndi a Kaspersky, mu theka loyamba la 2019, obera adaukira zida zapaintaneti nthawi zopitilira 100 miliyoni, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma botnets a Mirai ndi Nyadrop. Mwa njira, Russia ndi malo achinayi okha pa chiwerengero cha kuukira koteroko (ngakhale chithunzi choopsa cha "owononga Russian" opangidwa ndi atolankhani Western); Atatu apamwamba ndi China, Brazil komanso Egypt. USA ili pamalo achisanu.
Ndiye kodi n'zotheka kuthetsa bwinobwino zigawenga zoterezi? Tiyeni tiyang'ane kaye milandu yodziwika bwino ya kuukira koteroko kuti tipeze yankho la funso la momwe mungatetezere zida zanu pamlingo woyambira.
Bowman Avenue Dam
Dam Bowman Avenue ili m'tauni ya Rye Brook (New York) ndi anthu osakwana 10 zikwi - kutalika kwake ndi mamita asanu ndi limodzi, ndipo m'lifupi mwake si upambana asanu. Mu 2013, mabungwe azamalamulo aku US adapeza kuti pali mapulogalamu oyipa omwe ali m'dambolo. Ndiye hackers sanagwiritse ntchito deta yabedwa kuti asokoneze ntchito ya malo (mwinamwake chifukwa damulo linachotsedwa pa intaneti panthawi yokonza).
Bowman Avenue ndiyofunika kupewa kusefukira kwa madzi m'madera omwe ali pafupi ndi mtsinjewo pakasefukira. Ndipo sipangakhale zotsatira zowononga chifukwa cha kulephera kwa damu - poipa kwambiri, zipinda zapansi za nyumba zingapo pamtsinjewo zikadasefukira ndi madzi, koma izi sizingatchulidwe kuti kusefukira kwa madzi.
Meya a Paul Rosenberg adanenanso kuti obera akadasokoneza nyumbayi ndi dziwe lina lalikulu lomwe lili ndi dzina lomwelo ku Oregon. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira minda yambiri, pomwe kulephera kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa anthu amderalo.
N'kutheka kuti achiwembuwa ankangophunzitsa pa damu laling'ono kuti pambuyo pake alowetse kwambiri malo opangira magetsi opangira magetsi pamadzi kapena china chilichonse cha gridi yamagetsi yaku US.
Kuwukira kwa Damu la Bowman Avenue kudazindikirika ngati gawo limodzi lazambiri zamabanki omwe ma hackers asanu ndi awiri aku Iran adachita bwino pakatha chaka (DDoS kuukira). Panthawiyi, ntchito ya 46 ya mabungwe akuluakulu azachuma m'dzikoli inasokonekera, ndipo maakaunti akubanki amakasitomala masauzande ambiri adatsekedwa.
Irani Hamid Firouzi pambuyo pake anaimbidwa mlandu wowononga mabanki ndi Bowman Avenue Dam. Zinapezeka kuti adagwiritsa ntchito njira ya Google Dorking kuti apeze "mabowo" mu damu (kenako atolankhani akumaloko adathetsa milandu yambiri yotsutsa bungwe la Google). Hamid Fizuri sanali ku United States. Popeza extradition kuchokera Iran kuti States kulibe, hackers sanalandire ziganizo zenizeni.
2.Sitima yapansi panthaka yaulere ku San Francisco
Pa Novembara 25, 2016, m'malo onse amagetsi ogulitsa ziphaso zapagulu ku San Francisco munatuluka uthenga: "Mwabedwa, zonse zasungidwa mwachinsinsi." Makompyuta onse a Windows a Urban Transport Agency nawonso adawukiridwa. Mapulogalamu oyipa a HDDCryptor (encryptor omwe amawukira mbiri yabwino ya kompyuta ya Windows) adafikira woyang'anira dera la bungwe.
HDDCryptor imasunga ma hard drive akumaloko ndi mafayilo apaintaneti pogwiritsa ntchito makiyi opangidwa mwachisawawa, kenako ndikulembanso ma hard drive a MBR kuti aletse makina kuti asayambitse molondola. Zida, monga lamulo, zimakhala ndi kachilombo chifukwa cha zochita za ogwira ntchito omwe amatsegula mwangozi fayilo yachinyengo mu imelo, ndiyeno kachilomboka kamafalikira pa intaneti.
Anthuwo anapempha boma kuti liwatumize makalata [imelo ndiotetezedwa] (Inde, Yandex). Kuti apeze makiyi omasulira deta yonse, adafuna ma bitcoins 100 (panthawiyo pafupifupi madola 73). Obera adaperekanso kuti asinthe makina a bitcoin kuti atsimikizire kuti kuchira kunali kotheka. Koma boma lidathana ndi kachilomboka palokha, ngakhale zidatenga nthawi yopitilira tsiku limodzi. Pamene dongosolo lonse likubwezeretsedwa, kuyenda pa metro kwapangidwa kwaulere.
Mneneri wa tauniyo a Paul Rose anati: "Tatsegula njira zosinthira kuti tipewe ngozi za anthu okwera.
Achifwambawo adanenanso kuti adapeza zikalata zamkati za 30 GB kuchokera ku San Francisco Metropolitan Transportation Agency ndipo adalonjeza kuti azitulutsa pa intaneti ngati dipo siliperekedwa mkati mwa maola 24.
Mwa njira, chaka m'mbuyomo, Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center inaukiridwa m'chigawo chomwecho. Kenako achiwembuwo anapatsidwa ndalama zokwana madola 17 kuti ayambitsenso kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta a chipatalacho.
3. Dallas Emergency Alert System
Mu Epulo 2017, sirens 23 zadzidzidzi zidamveka ku Dallas nthawi ya 40:156 p.m. kudziwitsa anthu zadzidzidzi. Anatha kuzimitsa maola awiri okha pambuyo pake. Panthawiyi, utumiki wa 911 unalandira ma alarm zikwizikwi kuchokera kwa anthu okhala m'deralo (masiku angapo chisanachitike, mphepo yamkuntho itatu yofooka inadutsa m'dera la Dallas, ndikuwononga nyumba zingapo).
Dongosolo lazidziwitso zadzidzidzi linakhazikitsidwa ku Dallas mu 2007, ndi ma siren operekedwa ndi Federal Signal. Akuluakulu sanafotokoze mwatsatanetsatane momwe machitidwewo adagwirira ntchito, koma adati adagwiritsa ntchito "matani." Zizindikiro zotere zimawulutsidwa kudzera munyengo yanyengo pogwiritsa ntchito Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) kapena Audio Frequency Shift Keying (AFSK). Awa ndi malamulo obisika omwe amafalitsidwa pafupipafupi 700 MHz.
Akuluakulu a mzindawu adanenanso kuti omwe adawukirawo adajambulitsa mawu omwe adaulutsidwa poyesa makina ochenjeza kenako adawaseweranso (chiwopsezo chambiri). Kuti achite izi, obera adangogula zida zoyesera kuti azigwira ntchito ndi ma frequency a wailesi; zitha kugulidwa popanda zovuta m'masitolo apadera.
Akatswiri a kampani yofufuza ya Bastille adanena kuti kuchita chiwembu chotere kukutanthauza kuti omwe akuukirawo adaphunzira bwino momwe zidziwitso zadzidzidzi za mzindawo zimagwirira ntchito, ma frequency, ndi ma code.
Meya wa Dallas adatulutsa mawu tsiku lotsatira kuti obera apezeka ndikulangidwa, komanso kuti machenjezo onse ku Texas asinthidwa kukhala amakono. Komabe, olakwawo sanapezeke.
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Lingaliro la mizinda yanzeru limabwera ndi zoopsa zazikulu. Makina owongolera a metropolis akabedwa, owukira adzapeza mwayi wowongolera momwe magalimoto alili komanso zinthu zofunika kwambiri mumzinda.Zowopsa zimagwirizanitsidwanso ndi kuba kwa databases, zomwe sizimaphatikizapo zambiri zokhudzana ndi zomangamanga zonse za mzindawo, komanso deta yaumwini ya anthu okhalamo. Sitiyenera kuiwala za kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi mopitirira muyeso komanso kuchuluka kwa maukonde - matekinoloje onse amalumikizidwa ndi njira zolumikizirana komanso ma node, kuphatikiza magetsi odyedwa.
Kudetsa nkhawa kwa eni zida za IoT kukuyandikira zero
Mu 2017, Trustlook idachita kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi chidziwitso cha eni zida za IoT za chitetezo chawo. Zinapezeka kuti 35% ya omwe adafunsidwa sasintha mawu achinsinsi (fakitale) asanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho. Ndipo opitilira theka la ogwiritsa ntchito samayika mapulogalamu a chipani chachitatu konse kuti atetezedwe ku owononga. 80% ya eni ake a IoT sanamvepo za Mirai botnet.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndi chitukuko cha intaneti ya Zinthu, chiwerengero cha cyber chikuwonjezeka. Ndipo pamene makampani akugula zipangizo "zanzeru", kuyiwala za malamulo oyambirira a chitetezo, ophwanya malamulo a intaneti akupeza mwayi wochuluka wopeza ndalama kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito osasamala. Mwachitsanzo, amagwiritsa ntchito maukonde a zida zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka kuti achite ziwonetsero za DDoS kapena ngati seva yoyimira pazochitika zina zoyipa. Ndipo zambiri mwazinthu zosasangalatsa izi zitha kupewedwa ngati mutsatira malamulo osavuta:
- Sinthani mawu achinsinsi a fakitale musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho
- Ikani mapulogalamu odalirika otetezedwa pa intaneti pamakompyuta anu, mapiritsi ndi mafoni.
- Chitani kafukufuku wanu musanagule. Zipangizo zimakhala zanzeru chifukwa zimasonkhanitsa zambiri zaumwini. Muyenera kudziwa mtundu wa zidziwitso zomwe zidzasonkhanitsidwe, momwe zidzasungidwe ndikutetezedwa, komanso ngati zidzagawidwa ndi anthu ena.
- Yang'anani tsamba la wopanga chipangizo pafupipafupi kuti muwone zosintha za firmware
- Musaiwale kuwunika chipika cha zochitika (makamaka pendani magwiritsidwe onse a doko la USB)
Source: www.habr.com