Yakwana nthawi yoti muwulule zambiri za ma router atsopano a Huawei NetEngine 8000 - zokhudzana ndi zida zoyambira ndi mapulogalamu omwe amakulolani kuti mumange maulumikizidwe awo kumapeto mpaka-kumapeto ndikudutsa kwa 400 Gbps ndikuwunika. ubwino wa mautumiki a pa intaneti pa mlingo wachiwiri.
Zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti ndi njira ziti zomwe zimafunikira kuti pakhale njira zothetsera maukonde
Zofunikira pazida zaposachedwa zapa netiweki tsopano zimatsimikiziridwa ndi njira zinayi zofunika:
- kufalikira kwa burodibandi yam'manja ya 5G;
- kukula kwa katundu wamtambo m'malo achinsinsi komanso pagulu la data;
- kukula kwa dziko la IoT;
- kuwonjezeka kufunikira kwa luntha lochita kupanga.
Panthawi ya mliriwu, zachitikanso zina zambiri: zochitika zomwe kupezeka kwakuthupi kumachepetsedwa momwe kungathekere potengera zomwe zikuwoneka zikukhala zokongola kwambiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo, pakati pa zinthu zina, ntchito zenizeni zenizeni ndi zowonjezereka, komanso mayankho okhudzana ndi maukonde a Wi-Fi 6. Ntchito zonsezi zimafuna khalidwe lapamwamba la njira. NetEngine 8000 idapangidwa kuti izipereka.
NetEngine 8000 Banja
Zida zomwe zikuphatikizidwa mu banja la NetEngine 8000 zimagawidwa m'magulu atatu. Zolembedwa ndi chilembo X, izi ndi zitsanzo zapamwamba kwambiri za ogwiritsira ntchito ma telecom kapena malo osungira deta. Mndandanda wa M wapangidwa kuti ukhale ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana za metro. Ndipo zida zomwe zili ndi index F zimapangidwira makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito zochitika wamba za DCI (Data Center Interconnect). Ambiri mwa "zikwi zisanu ndi zitatu" akhoza kukhala mbali ya ma tunnel otsiriza omwe ali ndi 400 Gbit / s ndikuthandizira mlingo wotsimikizika wa utumiki (Service Level Agreement - SLA).
Zowona: lero ndi Huawei yekhayo amene amapanga zida zambiri zokonzekera maukonde a kalasi ya 400GE. Chithunzi pamwambapa chikuwonetsa zochitika zomangira netiweki kwa kasitomala wamabizinesi akuluakulu kapena wogwiritsa ntchito wamkulu. Omalizawa amagwiritsa ntchito ma routers apamwamba kwambiri a NetEngine 9000, komanso ma routers atsopano a NetEngine 8000 F2A, omwe amatha kuphatikizira maulaliki ambiri a 100, 200 kapena 400 Gbps.
Mafakitole a Metro akugwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamtundu wa M. Zothetsera zoterezi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kugwirizanitsa ndi kuwonjezeka kakhumi kwa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe akuyembekezeka pazaka khumi zikubwerazi popanda kusintha nsanja.
Huawei amadzipangira yekha ma module a kuwala omwe ali ndi 400 Gbps. Mayankho opangidwa pa iwo ndi 10-15% otsika mtengo kuposa mayankho ofanana ndi mphamvu, koma pogwiritsa ntchito njira za 100-gigabit. Kuyesedwa kwa ma modules kunayambika mu 2017, ndipo kale mu 2019 kukhazikitsidwa koyamba kwa zipangizo zochokera pa iwo kunachitika; African telecom operator Safaricom pakali pano akugwiritsa ntchito njira yotereyi.
Bandwidth yayikulu ya NetEngine 8000, yomwe ingawoneke ngati yochulukirapo mu 2020, idzafunikanso mtsogolomu posachedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, rauta ndiyoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo akulu osinthira, omwe adzakhala othandiza kwa onse ogwira ntchito pagawo lachiwiri komanso mabizinesi akuluakulu mu gawo lakukula mwachangu komanso opanga mayankho a e-boma.
Huawei akulimbikitsanso kufalikira kwa matekinoloje atsopano angapo, kuphatikiza SRv6 routing protocol, yomwe imathandizira kwambiri kutumiza kwa opareshoni ya VPN. Ukadaulo wa FlexE (Flexible Ethernet) umapereka kutulutsa kotsimikizika pagawo lachiwiri lachitsanzo cha OSI, ndipo iFIT (In-situ Flow Information Telemetry) imakulolani kuwunika molondola magawo a magwiridwe antchito a SLA.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro a operekera, SRv6 itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera pachidebe mu malo opangira data omangidwa pa NFV (Network Functions Virtualization) kupita, mwachitsanzo, malo ochezera opanda zingwe. Makasitomala amabizinesi adzafunika kugwiritsa ntchito kumapeto mpaka kumapeto kwa protocol yatsopano pomanga ma network a msana (msana). Tekinoloje, tikugogomezera, sizoyenera ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogulitsa osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimachotsa chiopsezo chosagwirizana.
Iyi ndiye nthawi yotsatsa ukadaulo wa SRv6 kuti uthandizire mayankho a 5G. Mlandu wothandiza: Kampani yachiarabu ya Zain Group, ikusintha kupita ku 5G, idasinthiratu maukonde ake, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zamakina am'mbuyo, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito poyambitsa SRv6.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito matekinoloje awa
Zogulitsa zitatu zofananira zidagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati "ambulera yaukadaulo" yophimba mayankho omwe ali pamwambapa. U2000 idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati NMS pamagawo opatsira ndi IP. Kuphatikiza apo, machitidwe aTraffic ndi Agile Controller odziwika kwambiri adagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina a SDN. Komabe, kuphatikiza uku sikunakhale kothandiza kwambiri kukagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ma routers onyamula, kotero tsopano mankhwalawa amaphatikizidwa kukhala chida. CloudSoP.
Choyamba, zimakuthandizani kuti muzitha kuyendetsa bwino moyo wa zomangamanga, kuyambira pakumanga maukonde - optical kapena IP. Ilinso ndi udindo woyang'anira zothandizira, zonse zokhazikika (MPLS) ndi zatsopano (SRv6). Pomaliza, CloudSoP imapangitsa kuti zitheke kutumikira bwino mautumiki onse ndi kuchuluka kwa granularity.
Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane njira yachikale ya kasamalidwe. Pankhaniyi, zitha kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito L3VPN kapena SR-TE, zomwe zimapereka mwayi wowonjezera wopangira ma tunnel. Pofuna kugawira zothandizira pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zautumiki, magawo oposa zana ndi magawo amagawo amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kodi kutumizidwa kwa ntchito yotere kumawoneka bwanji? Choyamba muyenera kukhazikitsa ndondomeko yoyamba ya mlingo wapadera (ndege). Pachithunzi pamwambapa, teknoloji ya SRv6 imasankhidwa, mothandizidwa ndi momwe kutumiza kwa magalimoto kuchokera kumalo A kupita kumalo E kumapangidwira.
Tikamaliza kukhazikitsa, ndife okonzeka kupanga ndi kuyambitsa mautumiki ena a VPN. Ubwino waukulu payankho la Huawei ndikuti, mosiyana ndi MPLS Traffic Engineering, imakulolani kuti mulunzanitse njira zamamphanga popanda zowonjezera zina.
Chithunzi pamwambapa chikuwonetsa njira yopezera zambiri. SNMP nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi, zomwe zimatenga nthawi yambiri ndikupereka zotsatira zapakati. Komabe, telemetry, yomwe tidagwiritsa ntchito kale m'malo opangira ma data ndi mayankho amasukulu, yabwera kudziko la ma network onyamula msana. Imawonjezera katundu, koma imakulolani kuti mumvetsetse zomwe zikuchitika pa intaneti osati pamphindi, koma pamlingo wachiwiri.
Zoonadi, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe akubwera kuyenera "kugayidwa" mwanjira ina. Kwa izi, makina owonjezera ophunzirira makina amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutengera njira zomwe zidalowetsedwa kale za zolakwika zofala kwambiri pamanetiweki, makina owunikira amatha kulosera za kuthekera kwazovuta zomwe zingachitike. Mwachitsanzo, kusokonekera kwa gawo la SFP (Small Form-Factor Pluggable) kapena kuthamanga kwadzidzidzi kwamanetiweki.
Ndipo izi ndi zomwe njira yowongolera yowongoka (yowongolera) imawoneka ngati yotengera ma seva a TaiShan ARM ndi database ya GaussDB. Ma node amtundu wa analytical system ali ndi lingaliro la "udindo", zomwe zimalola kukulitsa kwachindunji kwa ntchito zowunikira pamene magalimoto akukula kapena kuchuluka kwa ma network kumawonjezeka.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, chirichonse chomwe chinali chabwino mu dziko la machitidwe osungirako pang'onopang'ono chikubwera kumunda wa kasamalidwe ka maukonde.
Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa matekinoloje athu atsopano ndi Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC). Imagwiritsa ntchito maukonde apakati a ma routers ochita bwino kwambiri omwe amapatsidwa maudindo apadera. Malinga ndi NDA, tili ndi ufulu wongopereka lingaliro wamba pamawonekedwe a netiweki pachithunzichi. Zimaphatikizapo malo atatu akuluakulu a data omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi ma tunnel opita kumapeto, ndi malo owonjezera a 35 (malo opangira deta achiwiri). Malumikizidwe onse awiri ndi SR-TE amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zomangamanga zanzeru za IP WAN zamitundu itatu
Mayankho a Huawei amachokera pamapangidwe a magawo atatu, pamunsi pomwe pali zida zogwirira ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Pamlingo wachiwiri pali malo oyendetsera zida ndi mautumiki owonjezera omwe amakulitsa magwiridwe antchito a kusanthula ndi kuwongolera maukonde. Chosanjikiza chapamwamba, polankhula, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zimaphatikizapo kukonza maukonde a oyendetsa ma telecom, mabungwe azachuma, makampani opanga mphamvu ndi mabungwe aboma.
Nayi kanema wachidule wofotokoza kuthekera kwa NetEngine 8000 ndi mayankho aukadaulo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mmenemo:
Zoonadi, zidazo ziyenera kupangidwira kukula kwa magalimoto ndi kukulitsa zomangamanga, poganizira mphamvu yoyenera ndi kuzizira koyenera. Pamene mtundu wa rauta wamtundu wamtundu uli ndi mphamvu 20 za 3 kW iliyonse, kugwiritsa ntchito ma nanotubes a carbon nanotubes pakuchotsa kutentha sikukuwoneka ngati kofunikira.
Kodi zonsezi ndi za chiyani? Zikumveka ngati nthano zasayansi, koma kwa ife tsopano 14,4 Tbit/s pa slot ndizotheka. Ndipo bandwidth yodabwitsa iyi ikufunika. Makamaka, makampani omwewo a zachuma ndi amphamvu, ambiri omwe lero ali ndi maukonde oyambira omwe amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito teknoloji ya DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing). Kupatula apo, kuchuluka kwa mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kuthamanga kwambiri kukukulanso.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zathu zomangira makina ophunzirira makina pakati pamagulu awiri a Atlas 900 chimafunikanso kutulutsa kwa terabit-class. Ndipo pali ntchito zambiri zofanana. Izi zikuphatikizapo, makamaka, makompyuta a nyukiliya, kuwerengera zanyengo, ndi zina zotero.
Maziko a Hardware ndi zofunikira zake
Zithunzizi zikuwonetsa ma module a LPUI router omwe alipo omwe ali ndi makhadi ophatikizika ndi mawonekedwe awo.
Ndipo izi ndi momwe mapu amsewu amawonekera ndi ma module atsopano omwe adzakhalepo pazaka ziwiri zikubwerazi. Popanga mayankho okhudzana ndi iwo, ndikofunikira kuganizira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Masiku ano, malo opangira data amamangidwa pamlingo wa 7-10 kW pachoyikapo, pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito ma routers amtundu wa terabit kumatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kangapo (mpaka 30-40 uW pachimake). Izi zikuphatikizapo kufunikira kopanga malo apadera kapena kupanga malo osiyana omwe ali ndi katundu wambiri pamalo omwe alipo kale.
Kuyang'ana kwachassis kumawonetsa kuti mafakitale amabisika kuseri kwa chipika chapakati cha fan. Pali kuthekera kwakusintha kwawo "kotentha", kukhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha redundancy malinga ndi dongosolo la 2N kapena N + 1. Kwenikweni, tikukamba za zomangamanga zokhazikika za orthogonal zodalirika kwambiri.
Osati ma flagship okha
Ziribe kanthu momwe ziwonetsero zotsogola zilili zochititsa chidwi, makhazikitsidwe ambiri amawerengedwa ndi mayankho abokosi a mndandanda wa M ndi F.
Ma routers otchuka kwambiri tsopano ndi mitundu ya M8 ndi M14. Amakulolani kuti mugwire ntchito ndi onse othamanga, monga E1, ndi malo othamanga kwambiri (100 Gbit / s tsopano ndi 400 Gbit / s posachedwa) mkati mwa nsanja yomweyo.
Kuchita kwa M14 ndikokwanira kukwaniritsa zosowa za makasitomala wamba. Pogwiritsa ntchito, mutha kupanga njira zofananira za L3VPN zolumikizirana ndi othandizira; ndizabwinonso ngati chida chowonjezera, mwachitsanzo, chotengera telemetry kapena kugwiritsa ntchito SRv6.
Makhadi ambiri amapezeka kwachitsanzo. Palibe mafakitale apadera, ndipo oyang'anira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti atsimikizire kulumikizana. Mwanjira iyi, kugawidwa kwa magwiridwe antchito pamadoko omwe awonetsedwa pachithunzichi kumatheka.
M'tsogolomu, woyang'anira akhoza kusinthidwa ndi watsopano, yemwe adzapereka ntchito zatsopano pamadoko omwewo.
Mtundu wa M8 ndi wocheperako pang'ono kuposa M14 ndipo umakhalanso wocheperako poyerekeza ndi mtundu wakale, koma mawonekedwe awo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi ofanana kwambiri.
Makadi akuthupi ogwirizana ndi M8 amalola, mwachitsanzo, kukhazikitsa kulumikizana ndi P-zida kudzera pa 100 Gbps mawonekedwe, gwiritsani ntchito ukadaulo wa FlexE ndikubisa zonse.
Mwambiri, ndi chipangizo cha M6 ββmumene mungayambe kugwira ntchito ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito. Ndi yaying'ono komanso yosayenera kwa opereka chithandizo, koma imagwira ntchito mosavuta ngati malo ophatikizira magalimoto olumikizira malo opangira deta, mwachitsanzo ku banki. Komanso, mapulogalamu omwe ali pano ndi ofanana ndi akale akale.
Pali makhadi ocheperako a M6, ndipo magwiridwe antchito apamwamba ndi 50 Gbps, omwe, komabe, ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa mayankho amtundu wa 40 Gbps pamsika.
Chitsanzo chaching'ono kwambiri, M1A, chiyeneranso kutchulidwa mwapadera. Ili ndi yankho laling'ono lomwe lingakhale lothandiza pomwe kutentha kwanthawi yayitali kumayembekezeredwa (-40 ... +65 Β° C).
Mawu ochepa okhudza mzere wa F. Mtundu wa NetEngine 8000 F1A unakhala imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za Huawei mu 2019, osati chifukwa choti ili ndi madoko okhala ndi 1 mpaka 100 Gbit/s (mpaka 1,2) Tbit/s zonse).
Zambiri za SRv6
Chifukwa chiyani tsopano kunali kofunikira kuphatikiza chithandizo chaukadaulo wa SRv6 pazogulitsa zathu?
Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa ma protocol omwe amafunikira kukhazikitsa ma VPN amatha kukhala 10+, zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zowongolera ndikuwonetsa kufunikira kofewetsa njirayo.
Kuyankha kwamakampani pazovutazi kunali kupanga ukadaulo wa SRv6, mpaka kutuluka komwe Huawei ndi Cisco anali ndi dzanja.
Chimodzi mwazoletsa zomwe zimayenera kuchotsedwa chinali kufunikira kogwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya per-hop behaviour (PHB) pakuwongolera mapaketi wamba. Ndizovuta kukhazikitsa kulumikizana kwa "inter-operator" kudzera pa Inter-AS MP-BGP ndi mautumiki owonjezera (VPNv4), kotero pali mayankho ochepa. SRv6 imakupatsani mwayi kuti mutsegule njira ya paketi kudutsa gawo lonse popanda kulembetsa makona apadera. Ndipo ndondomeko ya ndondomekoyi imakhala yosavuta, yomwe imathandizira kutumizidwa kwakukulu.
Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa mlandu wokhazikitsa SRv6. Maukonde awiriwa padziko lonse lapansi adalumikizidwa ndi ma protocol angapo osiyanasiyana. Kuti mulandire chithandizo kuchokera ku seva iliyonse yamtundu uliwonse kapena ya hardware, kusintha kwakukulu (kuperekedwa) pakati pa VXLAN, VLAN, L3VPN, ndi zina zotero.
Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa SRv6, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo anali ndi njira yomaliza mpaka kumapeto osati ku seva ya hardware, koma ku chidebe cha Docker.
Dziwani zambiri zaukadaulo wa FlexE
Chigawo chachiwiri cha chitsanzo cha OSI ndi choipa chifukwa sichimapereka ntchito zofunikira komanso mlingo wa SLA umene opereka amafunikira. Iwo, nawonso, akufuna kupeza mtundu wina wa analogi wa TDM (Time-division multiplexing), koma pa Ethernet. Njira zambiri zatengedwa kuti athetse vutoli, ndi zotsatira zochepa kwambiri.
Flex Ethernet imathandizira ndendende kutsimikizira mtundu wa SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) ndi milingo ya TDM mumanetiweki a IP. Izi zinatheka chifukwa chogwira ntchito ndi ndege yotumizira, pamene tisintha malo a L2 motere kuti ikhale yopindulitsa momwe tingathere.
Kodi doko lililonse lodziwika bwino limagwira ntchito bwanji? Pali chiwerengero cha mizere ndi mphete ya tx. Phukusi lomwe limalowa mu buffer limadikirira kukonzedwa, zomwe sizikhala zophweka nthawi zonse, makamaka pamaso pa mitsinje ya njovu ndi mbewa.
Zowonjezera zowonjezera ndi gawo lina lachidule zimathandizira kuwonetsetsa kukwaniritsidwa kotsimikizika pamlingo wachilengedwe.
Chigawo chowonjezera cha MAC chimaperekedwa pagawo losamutsa zidziwitso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mizere yolimba yomwe ma SLA ena angapatsidwe.
Izi ndi momwe zimawonekera pakukhazikitsa. Chowonjezeracho chimagwiritsa ntchito kupanga TDM. Chifukwa cha meta-insert iyi, ndizotheka kugawa mizere pang'onopang'ono ndikupanga ntchito za TDM kudzera pa Ethernet.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zogwiritsa ntchito FlexE chimakhudza kutsata kwambiri ma SLA popanga mipata kuti mufanane ndi zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito kapena kupereka zothandizira pazantchito zovuta.
Chochitika china chimakulolani kuti mugwire ntchito ndi zolakwika. M'malo mongofulumira kutumiza zidziwitso, timapanga njira zosiyana pafupifupi pamlingo wakuthupi, mosiyana ndi zomwe zimapangidwa ndi QoS (Quality of Service).
Zambiri za iFIT
Monga FlexE, iFIT ndiukadaulo wokhala ndi chilolezo kuchokera ku Huawei. Zimalola kutsimikizika kwa SLA pamlingo wokulirapo kwambiri. Mosiyana ndi njira zokhazikika za IP SLA ndi NQA, iFIT simagwira ntchito ndi zopangira, koma ndi magalimoto "amoyo".
iFIT imapezeka pazida zonse zomwe zimathandizira telemetry. Pachifukwa ichi, gawo lowonjezera limagwiritsidwa ntchito lomwe silikhala ndi Standard Option Data. Zambiri zimajambulidwa pamenepo zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi womvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika munjira.
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Pofotokoza mwachidule zomwe zanenedwa, tikugogomezera kuti magwiridwe antchito a NetEngine 8000 ndi matekinoloje ophatikizidwa muukadaulo wa "zikwi zisanu ndi zitatu" zimapangitsa zidazi kukhala chisankho choyenera komanso choyenera popanga ndikupanga maukonde onyamula, ma network amphamvu ndi makampani azachuma, komanso machitidwe a "boma lamagetsi".
Source: www.habr.com