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Dzina langa ndine Mikhail, ndine Wachiwiri kwa Director wa IT ku kampani ya Sportmaster. Ndikufuna kugawana nawo nkhani ya momwe tidathanirana ndi zovuta zomwe zidachitika panthawi ya mliri.
M'masiku oyambilira a zenizeni zatsopano, mtundu wanthawi zonse wamalonda wapaintaneti wa Sportmaster udayima, ndipo katundu panjira yathu yapaintaneti, makamaka potengera adilesi ya kasitomala, kuchuluka kwa 10. M'masabata ochepa chabe, tidasintha bizinesi yayikulu yopanda intaneti kukhala yapaintaneti ndikusinthira ntchitoyo kuti igwirizane ndi zosowa za makasitomala athu.
Kwenikweni, zomwe zinali ntchito yathu yam'mbali zidakhala bizinesi yathu yayikulu. Kufunika kwa kuyitanitsa kulikonse pa intaneti kwakula kwambiri. Zinali zofunikira kupulumutsa ruble iliyonse yomwe kasitomala anabweretsa ku kampaniyo.
Kuti tiyankhe mwachangu zopempha zamakasitomala, tidatsegula malo ena olumikizirana nawo kuofesi yayikulu yakampani, ndipo tsopano titha kulandira mafoni pafupifupi 285 pa sabata. Nthawi yomweyo, tidasuntha masitolo a 270 kupita ku mtundu watsopano wosalumikizana komanso wotetezeka, womwe umalola makasitomala kulandira maoda ndi antchito kuti asunge ntchito zawo.
Panthawi yosintha zinthu, tinakumana ndi mavuto akulu awiri. Choyamba, katundu pa Intaneti chuma chawonjezeka kwambiri (Sergey adzakuuzani momwe tinachitira ndi izi). Kachiwiri, kuyenda kwa maopaleshoni osowa (pre-COVID) kwachulukirachulukira, zomwe zimafunikira makina ambiri othamanga. Kuti tithane ndi vutoli, tinayenera kusamutsa zinthu mwachangu kuchokera kumadera omwe kale anali akuluakulu. Elena akuuzani momwe tinachitira ndi izi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zapaintaneti
Kolesnikov SERGEY, yemwe amayang'anira ntchito ya sitolo yapaintaneti ndi ma microservices
Kuyambira pomwe malo ogulitsa athu adayamba kuyandikira alendo, tinayamba kujambula kuchuluka kwa ma metric monga kuchuluka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, kuchuluka kwa maoda omwe adayikidwa muzofunsira zathu, komanso kuchuluka kwa zopempha pazofunsira.
Chiwerengero cha maoda kuyambira Marichi 18 mpaka Marichi 31Chiwerengero cha zopempha ku ma microservices olipira pa intanetiChiwerengero cha maoda omwe ayikidwa patsamba
Mu graph yoyamba tikuwona kuti kuwonjezeka kunali pafupifupi nthawi 14, chachiwiri - 4 nthawi. Timaona mametric a nthawi yoyankhira pamapulogalamu athu kukhala owonetsa kwambiri.
Mu graph iyi tikuwona kuyankha kwa ma front and applications, ndipo tokha tidatsimikiza kuti sitinazindikire kukula kulikonse.
Izi zili choncho makamaka chifukwa chakuti tinayamba ntchito yokonzekera kumapeto kwa 2019. Tsopano ntchito zathu zasungidwa, kulolerana kwa zolakwika kumatsimikiziridwa pamlingo wa maseva akuthupi, machitidwe owoneka bwino, ma dockers, ndi ntchito zomwe zili momwemo. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mphamvu yazinthu zathu za seva imatithandiza kupirira katundu wambiri.
Chida chachikulu chomwe chidatithandizira m'nkhani yonseyi chinali njira yathu yowunikira. Zowona, mpaka posachedwapa tinalibe njira imodzi yomwe ingatilole kusonkhanitsa ma metric pamagulu onse, kuchokera pamlingo wa zida zakuthupi ndi zida mpaka pamlingo wabizinesi.
Poyamba, panali kuwunika mu kampaniyo, koma monga lamulo, idabalalitsidwa ndipo inali m'dera laudindo wa madipatimenti ena. M'malo mwake, pamene chochitika chinachitika, pafupifupi sitinamvetsetse bwino zomwe zinachitikadi, panalibe kulankhulana, ndipo nthawi zambiri izi zimatsogolera kuthamanga mozungulira kuti tipeze ndikupatula vuto kuti lithe kukonzedwa.
Panthawi ina, tinaganiza ndikusankha kuti tinali ndi zokwanira zopirira izi - timafunikira dongosolo logwirizana kuti tiwone chithunzi chonse. Tekinoloje zazikulu zomwe zikuphatikizidwa mu stack yathu ndi Zabbix ngati malo ochenjeza ndi kusunga ma metrics, Prometheus yotolera ndi kusunga ma metrics ogwiritsira ntchito, Stack ELK yodula mitengo ndikusunga deta kuchokera kudongosolo lonse lowunika, komanso Grafana yowonera, Swagger, Docker ndi zina zothandiza ndi zinthu zomwe mumazidziwa bwino.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, sitigwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje omwe amapezeka pamsika, komanso timapanga zina zathu. Mwachitsanzo, timapanga ntchito zophatikiza machitidwe wina ndi mzake, ndiye kuti, mtundu wina wa API wotolera ma metric. Komanso tikugwiritsa ntchito njira zathu zowunikira - pamlingo wa ma metric abizinesi omwe timagwiritsa ntchito mayeso a UI. Komanso bot mu Telegraph kudziwitsa magulu.
Tikuyeseranso kuti mayendedwe owunikira azitha kupezeka kwa magulu kuti athe kusunga okha ndikugwira ntchito ndi ma metrics awo, kuphatikiza kukhazikitsa zidziwitso zama metrics ena opapatiza omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
M'dongosolo lonseli, timayesetsa kuchita zinthu mwanzeru komanso kumasulira zochitika mwachangu momwe tingathere. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa ma microservices ndi machitidwe athu kwakula kwambiri posachedwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuphatikiza kwakula moyenerera. Ndipo monga gawo la kukhathamiritsa njira yodziwira zochitika pamlingo wophatikizira, tikupanga dongosolo lomwe limakupatsani mwayi wofufuza ndikuwonetsa zotsatira zake, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wopeza zovuta zazikulu zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutumizidwa kunja ndi kulumikizana kwa machitidwe ndi wina ndi mnzake.
Zoonadi, tidakali ndi malo oti tikule ndikukula molingana ndi machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito, ndipo tikugwira ntchito mwakhama pa izi. Mutha kuwerenga zambiri za dongosolo lathu loyang'anira .
Mayeso aukadaulo
Orlov Sergey, amatsogolera likulu la luso la chitukuko cha intaneti ndi mafoni
Chiyambireni kutsekedwa kwa sitolo yakuthupi, takhala tikukumana ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku chitukuko. Choyamba, kuchuluka kwa katundu kumakwera motero. Zikuwonekeratu kuti ngati njira zoyenera sizingatengedwe, ndiye pamene katundu wochuluka akugwiritsidwa ntchito ku dongosolo, amatha kukhala dzungu ndi phokoso lachisoni, kapena kuwononga kwathunthu ntchito, kapena kutaya ntchito zake.
Mbali yachiwiri, yocheperako pang'ono, ndikuti dongosolo lomwe lili ndi katundu wambiri liyenera kusinthidwa mwachangu kwambiri, kutengera kusintha kwa bizinesi. Nthawi zina kangapo patsiku. Makampani ambiri ali ndi lamulo kuti ngati pali ntchito zambiri zamalonda, palibe chifukwa chosinthira dongosolo. Palibe nkomwe, lolani kuti igwire ntchito bola ikugwira ntchito.
Ndipo tinali ndi Lachisanu Lachisanu losatha, pomwe kunali kofunikira kusintha kachitidwe. Ndipo cholakwika chilichonse, vuto, kapena kulephera kwadongosolo kungawononge ndalama zambiri kubizinesi.
Kuyang'ana m'tsogolo, ndikunena kuti tidakwanitsa kuthana ndi mayeserowa, machitidwe onse adalimbana ndi katunduyo, adayesedwa mosavuta, ndipo sitinakumanepo ndi zolephera zapadziko lonse lapansi.
Pali mizati inayi yomwe mphamvu ya dongosololi yolimbana ndi katundu wothamanga kwambiri imakhala. Choyamba mwa izo ndi kuyang'anira, zomwe mumawerenga pamwambapa. Popanda njira yowunikira yokhazikika, ndizosatheka kupeza zovuta zamakina. Dongosolo loyang'anira bwino lili ngati zovala zapakhomo; ziyenera kukhala zomasuka komanso zopangidwira kwa inu.
Mbali yachiwiri ndikuyesa. Timawona mfundoyi mozama kwambiri: timalemba mayunitsi apamwamba, mayeso ophatikizika, mayeso olemetsa ndi zina zambiri pamakina aliwonse. Tikulembanso njira yoyesera, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo tikuyesera kuonjezera mlingo woyezetsa mpaka pamene sitifunikiranso kufufuza pamanja.
Mzati wachitatu ndi CI/CD Pipeline. Njira zomangira, kuyesa, ndikuyika pulogalamuyo ziyenera kukhala zokha momwe zingathere; sipayenera kukhala kulowererapo pamanja. Mutu wa CI/CD Pipeline ndi wozama, ndipo ndingokhudza mwachidule. Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti tili ndi mndandanda wa CI / CD Pipeline, womwe gulu lililonse lazogulitsa limadutsamo mothandizidwa ndi malo oyenerera.
Ndipo nawu mndandanda
Mwanjira imeneyi, zolinga zambiri zimakwaniritsidwa. Uku ndikusintha kwa API ndikusintha mawonekedwe kuti mupewe sitima yotuluka, ndikukwaniritsa mayeso osiyanasiyana pamlingo woti kuyezetsa kumangochitika zokha, kutumizidwa kulibe msoko, ndi zina zotero.
Mzati wachinayi ndi mfundo zomanga ndi zothetsera luso. Titha kulankhula zambiri za zomangamanga kwa nthawi yayitali, koma ndikufuna kutsindika mfundo zingapo zomwe ndikufuna kuziganizira.
Choyamba, muyenera kusankha zida zapadera za ntchito zinazake. Inde, zikumveka bwino, ndipo n'zoonekeratu kuti misomali iyenera kukhomeredwa ndi nyundo, ndipo mawotchi a pamanja ayenera kupasuka ndi screwdrivers apadera. Koma m'nthawi yathu ino, zida zambiri zimayesetsa kugwirizanitsa anthu onse kuti akwaniritse gawo lalikulu la ogwiritsa ntchito: nkhokwe, ma cache, frameworks ndi ena onse. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mutenga database ya MongoDB, imagwira ntchito ndi zolemba zambiri, ndipo database ya Oracle imagwira ntchito ndi json. Ndipo zikuwoneka kuti zonse zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa chilichonse. Koma ngati tikuyimira zokolola, ndiye kuti tiyenera kumvetsetsa bwino mphamvu ndi zofooka za chida chilichonse ndikugwiritsa ntchito zomwe timafunikira pamagulu athu a ntchito.
Kachiwiri, popanga machitidwe, kuwonjezeka kulikonse kwa zovuta kuyenera kukhala koyenera. Tiyenera kukumbukira izi nthawi zonse; mfundo yolumikizirana yotsika imadziwika kwa aliyense. Ndikukhulupirira kuti iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo wa ntchito inayake, komanso pamlingo wa dongosolo lonse, komanso pamlingo wa malo omangamanga. Kutha kukulitsa mopingasa gawo lililonse ladongosolo panjira yolemetsa ndikofunikiranso. Ngati muli ndi luso limeneli, kukulitsa sikudzakhala kovuta.
Ponena za mayankho aukadaulo, tidapempha magulu azogulitsa kuti akonze malingaliro atsopano, malingaliro ndi mayankho, omwe adawagwiritsa ntchito pokonzekera gawo lotsatira la ntchito.
Keshi
Ndikofunikira kuyandikira mwachidwi kusankha kwa ma cache akumaloko ndi kugawa. Nthawi zina zimakhala zomveka kugwiritsa ntchito zonse ziwiri mkati mwa dongosolo lomwelo.Mwachitsanzo, tili ndi machitidwe omwe zina mwazinthuzo zimakhala zosungirako zowonetsera, ndiko kuti, gwero la zosintha lili kuseri kwa dongosolo lokha, ndipo machitidwe sasintha. izi data. Mwanjira iyi timagwiritsa ntchito Cacheine Cache yakomweko.
Ndipo pali deta yomwe dongosololi limasintha panthawi yogwira ntchito, ndipo apa tikugwiritsa ntchito kale posungira ndi Hazelcast. Njirayi imatithandiza kugwiritsa ntchito ubwino wa cache yogawidwa kumene ikufunikiradi, ndikuchepetsa mtengo wa utumiki wozungulira deta yamagulu a Hazelcast komwe tingachite popanda izo. Talemba zambiri za cache. и .
Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha serializer kukhala Kryo ku Hazelcast kunatipatsa chilimbikitso chabwino. Ndipo kusintha kuchokera ku ReplicatedMap kupita ku IMap + Near Cache ku Hazelcast kunatilola kuti tichepetse kusuntha kwa data kudutsa gululo.
Langizo laling'ono: ngati kusavomerezeka kwa cache, nthawi zina njira yotenthetsera cache yachiwiri ndikusinthiranso imagwira ntchito. Zingawoneke kuti ndi njira iyi tiyenera kukumbukira kukumbukira kawiri, koma pochita, m'machitidwe omwe izi zinkachitidwa, kukumbukira kumachepa.
Reactive stack
Timagwiritsa ntchito stack yokhazikika pamakina ambiri. Kwa ife, iyi ndi Webflux kapena Kotlin yokhala ndi coroutines. Kuchulukana kokhazikika ndikwabwino makamaka komwe timayembekezera kuti ntchito zotulutsa pang'onopang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, kuyitanira ku ntchito zochepetsetsa, kugwira ntchito ndi fayilo kapena makina osungira.
Mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndikupewa kuletsa mafoni. Ma reactive frameworks ali ndi ulusi wocheperako womwe ukuyenda pansi pa hood. Ngati mosasamala tidzilola kuyimba foni yotsekereza, monga kuyimba kwa driver wa JDBC, makinawo amangotsala pang'ono kuyima.
Yesani kusandutsa zolakwika kukhala zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yothamanga. Mayendedwe enieni a pulogalamuyo amasinthira kuzinthu zokhazikika, ndipo kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma code kumakhala kosagwirizana. Zotsatira zake, zimakhala zovuta kuzindikira zovuta pogwiritsa ntchito ma stack trace. Ndipo yankho apa lingakhale kupanga zomveka bwino, zopatula nthawi yothamanga pa cholakwika chilichonse.
Elasticsearch
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Elasticsearch, musasankhe deta yosagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi, kwenikweni, ndi malangizo osavuta kwambiri, koma nthawi zambiri izi ndi zomwe zayiwalika. Ngati mukufuna kusankha ma rekodi opitilira 10 nthawi imodzi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito Mpukutu. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito fanizo, zimakhala ngati cholozera mu database yaubale.
Osagwiritsa ntchito postfilter pokhapokha pakufunika. Ndi deta yaikulu mu chitsanzo chachikulu, ntchitoyi imadzaza kwambiri database.
Gwiritsani ntchito zochulukira ngati kuli koyenera.
API
Mukamapanga API, phatikizani zofunikira zochepetsera deta yopatsirana. Izi ndizowona makamaka pokhudzana ndi kutsogolo: ndi pamphambano iyi yomwe timadutsa njira za malo athu a deta ndipo tikugwira ntchito kale pa njira yomwe imatigwirizanitsa ndi kasitomala. Ngati ili ndi vuto laling'ono, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kumayambitsa vuto la ogwiritsa ntchito.
Ndipo potsiriza, musataye gulu lonse la deta, fotokozani momveka bwino za mgwirizano pakati pa ogula ndi ogulitsa.
Kusintha kwa bungwe
Eroshkina Elena, Wachiwiri kwa Director wa IT
Panthawi yomwe kuikidwa kwaokha kunachitika, ndipo kufunikira kowonjezera kwambiri mayendedwe a chitukuko cha intaneti ndikuyambitsa ntchito za omnichannel, tinali kale m'kati mwa kusintha kwa bungwe.
Gawo la dongosolo lathu linasamutsidwa kuti ligwire ntchito motsatira mfundo ndi machitidwe a njira ya mankhwala. Magulu apangidwa omwe tsopano ali ndi udindo wogwirira ntchito ndi chitukuko cha mankhwala aliwonse. Ogwira ntchito m'magulu otere amakhudzidwa ndi 100% ndikukonza ntchito yawo pogwiritsa ntchito Scrum kapena Kanban, kutengera zomwe angakonde, kukhazikitsa mapaipi otumizira, kugwiritsa ntchito luso, machitidwe otsimikizira, ndi zina zambiri.
Mwamwayi, ambiri mwamagulu athu ogulitsa anali m'dera la intaneti komanso ntchito za omnichannel. Izi zidatipangitsa kuti tisinthe kumayendedwe akutali munthawi yaifupi kwambiri (mozama, m'masiku awiri) osataya mphamvu. Njira yokhazikika idatilola kuti tisinthe mwachangu kuzinthu zatsopano zogwirira ntchito ndikukhalabe ndi liwiro lapamwamba loperekera magwiridwe antchito atsopano.
Kuphatikiza apo, tifunika kulimbikitsa magulu omwe ali pamalire a bizinesi yapaintaneti. Panthawiyo zinaonekeratu kuti tikhoza kuchita izi pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamkati. Ndipo anthu pafupifupi 50 m’milungu iwiri anasintha malo amene ankagwirako ntchito m’mbuyomo n’kuyamba kugwira ntchito ina yomwe inali yachilendo kwa iwo.
Izi sizinafunikire kuyesayesa kwapadera kwapadera, chifukwa pamodzi ndi kukonzekera ndondomeko yathu, kukonza luso la mankhwala, ndi machitidwe otsimikizira kuti ali ndi khalidwe labwino, timaphunzitsa magulu athu kuti azidzipanga okha - kuyendetsa ntchito zawo zopangira popanda kuphatikizirapo zothandizira.
Tinatha kuyang'ana kwambiri zowongolera zathu momwe zimafunikira panthawiyo - pakugwirizanitsa pamodzi ndi bizinesi: Zomwe zili zofunika kwa kasitomala wathu pakali pano, ndi ntchito ziti zomwe ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa poyamba, zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika kuti tiwonjezere luso lathu logwiritsa ntchito. kupereka ndi kukonza maoda. Zonsezi komanso chitsanzo chodziwikiratu chinapangitsa kuti panthawiyi athe kukweza mitsinje yathu yamtengo wapatali ndi zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri komanso zofunika.
Zikuwonekeratu kuti ndi ntchito yakutali ndi kusintha kwakukulu, pamene zizindikiro za bizinesi zimadalira kutenga nawo mbali kwa aliyense, simungadalire malingaliro amkati okha kuchokera mndandanda wakuti "Kodi zonse zikuyenda bwino ndi ife? Inde, zikuwoneka bwino. " Zolinga zoyezera njira yopangira ndizofunikira. Tili ndi izi, zimapezeka kwa aliyense amene ali ndi chidwi ndi ma metric amagulu azogulitsa. Choyamba, gulu lokha, bizinesi, subcontractors ndi kasamalidwe.
Kamodzi pa sabata ziwiri zilizonse, gulu lililonse limakhala ndi udindo, pomwe ma metric amawunikidwa kwa mphindi 10, zopinga pakupanga zimadziwika, ndipo njira yolumikizirana imapangidwa: zomwe zingachitike kuti athetse zopinga izi. Apa mutha kupempha thandizo kuchokera kwa oyang'anira ngati vuto lililonse lomwe lazindikirika liri kunja kwa gawo lamagulu, kapena ukatswiri wa anzanu omwe akumanapo kale ndi vuto lofananalo.
Komabe, timamvetsetsa kuti kuti tifulumizitse kangapo (ndipo ichi ndicho cholinga chomwe timadzipangira tokha), tifunikabe kuphunzira zambiri ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito pa ntchito yathu ya tsiku ndi tsiku. Pakali pano tikupitiriza kukulitsa njira zathu zogulitsira kumagulu ena ndi zinthu zatsopano. Kuti tichite izi, tidayenera kudziwa mtundu watsopano - sukulu yapaintaneti ya akatswiri aukadaulo.
Methodologists, anthu omwe amathandiza magulu kupanga ndondomeko, kukhazikitsa mauthenga, ndi kukonza bwino ntchito, makamaka othandizira kusintha. Pakali pano, omaliza maphunziro a gulu lathu loyamba akugwira ntchito ndi magulu ndikuwathandiza kuti apambane.
Ndikuganiza kuti zomwe zikuchitika pano zimatsegula mwayi ndi chiyembekezo kwa ife zomwe mwina ife tokha sitikudziwa bwino. Koma zochitika ndi machitidwe omwe tikupeza pakali pano amatsimikizira kuti tasankha njira yoyenera yachitukuko, sitidzaphonya mwayi watsopanowu m'tsogolomu ndipo tidzatha kuyankha mogwira mtima pazovuta zomwe Sportmaster adzakumana nazo.
anapezazo
Panthawi yovutayi, tapanga mfundo zazikulu zomwe chitukuko cha mapulogalamu chimakhazikika, chomwe ndikuganiza kuti chidzakhala choyenera kwa kampani iliyonse yomwe ikuchita izi.
anthu. Izi ndi zomwe zonse zimakhazikika. Ogwira ntchito ayenera kusangalala ndi ntchito yawo ndikumvetsetsa zolinga za kampani komanso zolinga zazinthu zomwe amagwira. Ndipo, ndithudi, akhoza kukula mwaukadaulo.
umisiri. Ndikofunikira kuti kampaniyo itenge njira yokhwima yogwira ntchito ndi luso lake laukadaulo ndikupanga luso pomwe pakufunika. Zikumveka zosavuta komanso zoonekeratu. Ndipo nthawi zambiri amanyalanyazidwa.
Njira. Ndikofunikira kukonza bwino ntchito zamagulu azogulitsa ndi malo ogwirira ntchito, kukhazikitsa kulumikizana ndi bizinesi kuti mugwire nawo ntchito ngati mnzake.
M'malo mwake, ndi momwe timakhalira ndi moyo. The thesis yaikulu ya nthawi yathu inatsimikiziridwa kamodzinso, ndi kudina momveka pamphumi
Ngakhale mutakhala bizinesi yayikulu yapaintaneti yokhala ndi masitolo ambiri komanso mizinda yambiri komwe mumagwira, yambitsani bizinesi yanu yapaintaneti. Iyi si njira yowonjezera yogulitsira kapena pulogalamu yokongola yomwe mutha kugulanso china chake (komanso chifukwa omwe akupikisana nawo ali ndi zokongola). Ili si tayala lodzipatula lothandizira kuthana ndi mkuntho.
Ichi ndi chofunikira mtheradi. Zomwe si luso lanu lokha komanso zomangamanga ziyenera kukonzekera, komanso anthu anu ndi njira zanu. Kupatula apo, mutha kugula mwachangu kukumbukira kowonjezera, danga, kutumiza zochitika zatsopano, ndi zina zambiri m'maola angapo. Koma anthu ndi njira ziyenera kukonzekera izi pasadakhale.
Source: www.habr.com