Wotchedwa Dmitry Kazakov, Data Analytics Team Leader ku Kolesa Group, amagawana zidziwitso kuchokera ku kafukufuku woyamba wa Kazakhstan wa akatswiri a data.
Mu chithunzi: Dmitry Kazakov
Kumbukirani mawu otchuka omwe Big Data imakhala ngati kugonana kwa achinyamata - aliyense amalankhula za izo, koma palibe amene akudziwa ngati zilipodi. Zomwezo zikhoza kunenedwa za msika wa akatswiri a deta (ku Kazakhstan) - pali hype, koma yemwe ali kumbuyo kwake (ndipo ngati pali wina aliyense) sizinali zomveka bwino - ngakhale kwa HR, kapena kwa mamenejala , kapena asayansi a data okha.
Tinawononga , momwe adafufuza akatswiri oposa 300 za malipiro awo, ntchito, luso, zida ndi zina zambiri.
Wowononga: Inde, zilipo, koma zonse sizophweka.
Kumvetsetsa bwino. Choyamba, pali asayansi ochulukirapo kuposa momwe timayembekezera. Tinatha kufunsa anthu a 300, omwe mwa iwo sanali ofufuza okha, malonda ndi BI, komanso akatswiri a ML ndi DWH, omwe anali okondweretsa kwambiri. Gulu lalikulu kwambiri linaphatikizapo onse omwe amadzitcha asayansi a data - ndiwo 36% mwa omwe anafunsidwa. Zimakhala zovuta kunena ngati izi zikukhudzana ndi zomwe msika ukufunikira kapena ayi, chifukwa msika womwewo ukungopangidwa.
Kugawidwa kwa magawo a ntchito ndikosokoneza - pali otsogolera magulu ambiri ndi mameneja ngati achichepere. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo za izi. Mwachitsanzo, magulu ang'onoang'ono a anthu 2-3, omwe mtsogoleri angakhale katswiri wapakati kapena wamkulu.
Chifukwa china chingakhale chipwirikiti chomwe chikulamulira pamsika wokhudzana ndi miyezo pakugawa maudindo ndi magwiridwe antchito. Magulu otsogolera nthawi zina amaperekedwa kwa iwo omwe amangogwira ntchito chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri kuposa ena, osatengera luso ndi chidziwitso. Tikuwona izi pakugawa ntchito ndi maudindo - 38% ya mamanenjala ndi atsogoleri amagulu akugwira ntchito yokonzekera kale ndipo 33% ina pakuwunika koyambira.
Apa tidafunsa omwe adayankha kuti aunike mozama kuchuluka kwa ma analytics m'makampani awo. Mukayang'anitsitsa, mutha kuwona kuti 10% ya omwe adafunsidwa omwe amagwira ntchito m'madipatimenti owunika a 2-3 anthu amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi "mlingo wapamwamba."
Kodi "advance level" ndi chiyani? Dongosolo la BI limagwira ntchito bwino. Pali DWH ndi Big Data. Mayeso a A/B amachitidwa pafupipafupi. Pali machitidwe a ML ndi DS omwe akugwira ntchito popanga. Zosankha zimangotengera deta. Dipatimenti ya data processing ndi data science ndi imodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri pakampani.
Ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa zonsezi pamwambapa ndi dipatimenti ya anthu 2-3. Ndikuganiza kuti zotsatira za kafukufukuyu ndi zowawa pang'ono - anyamatawo alibe wina woti adzifananize naye kuti adziwe mlingo wawo moyenera.
Monga zikuyembekezeredwa, asayansi a data amathera nthawi yawo yambiri osati pa masamu ovuta kwambiri kapena uinjiniya, koma pakukonza, kutsitsa, ndi kuyeretsa deta. Paukadaulo uliwonse tikuwona kuwongolera mu top 3. Koma nthawi zambiri sitiwona zinthu zovuta monga kupanga mitundu ya ML kapena kugwira ntchito ndi Big Data mu 3 yapamwamba - pakati pa mainjiniya a ML ndi DWH okha.
Palinso malingaliro angapo omvetsa chisoni. Akatswiri amakhazikitsa 40% ya ntchito zawo okha. Ku Kazakhstan, mpaka pano makampani apamwamba okha a unicorn ayesa ubwino wogwira ntchito ndi deta yaikulu ndikuphunzira momwe angachitire moyenera. Amalengeza kumsika kuti Big Data ndi Machine Learning ndizozizira, ndipo echelon yachiwiri imatsatira kumbuyo, koma samamvetsetsa nthawi zonse momwe kugwira ntchito ndi deta kumagwirira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, tikuwona kuti akatswiri amadzipangira okha ntchito, ndipo mabizinesi samadziwa nthawi zonse zomwe akufuna.
Ndinadabwa kuti 20% ya akatswiri sadziwa ngakhale kampani yawo ili ndi Data Warehouse. Inde, ndipo ndi machitidwe oyang'anira nkhokwe si zonse zomwe zili zabwino kwambiri - 41% amagwiritsa ntchito MySQL, ndipo ena 34% amagwiritsa ntchito PostgreSQL. Kodi zimenezi zingatanthauze chiyani? Amagwira ntchito ndi deta yaying'ono.
Mu funso lokhudza makina osungira, timawonanso MySQL komanso (!) Excel. Koma izi zingasonyeze, mwachitsanzo, kuti makampani ambiri alibebe pempho logwira ntchito ndi deta yaikulu.
Apa zonse ndi zosamvekanso. Nthawi zambiri, malipiro anali ochepa kuposa momwe ndimayembekezera.
Payekha, zimandivuta kulingalira injiniya wa ML yemwe ali wokonzeka kugwira ntchito 200 tenge - mwina ndi wophunzira. Mwina luso la akatswiri oterowo ndi lofooka kwambiri, kapena zimakhala zovuta kuti makampani ayese mokwanira ntchito ya Data Science. Koma mwina izi zikuwonetsanso kuti msika udakali kumayambiriro kwa kukhwima kwake. Ndipo pakapita nthawi, mlingo wa malipiro udzakhazikitsidwa pamlingo wokwanira.
Source: www.habr.com