Zindikirani: lofalitsidwa pa Medium mu Chingerezi. Lilinso ndi mawu ochokera kwa omwe adayankha komanso maulalo kwa omwe akutenga nawo mbali. Mtundu wofupikitsidwa ukupezeka ngati .
Kodi phunziroli ndi chiyani?
Mawu akuti DWeb (Decentralized Web, Dweb) kapena nthawi zambiri imakhala chokopa cha matekinoloje atsopano angapo omwe angasinthe ukonde m'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi. Tidalankhula ndi anthu 631 omwe adayankha omwe pakali pano akugwira ntchito ndi matekinoloje ogawidwa ndikumanga ukonde wokhazikika.
Mu phunziroli, tidapanga mitu ya momwe zinthu zikuyendera komanso zopinga zazikulu zomwe opanga amakumana nazo pa intaneti yatsopano. Monga momwe zilili ndi matekinoloje atsopano, pali zovuta zambiri kuti pakhale njira zothetsera mavuto, koma chithunzi chonse chikulonjeza: ukonde wogawidwa umapereka chiyembekezo ndi mwayi wambiri.
Webusaitiyi idapangidwa ndi Tim Berners-Lee ngati njira yotseguka, yolumikizidwa kuti igwirizane. Patapita nthawi, zimphona zisanu zamakono anayamba kupanga mawonekedwe osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndikupita patsogolo, kupeza misala yovuta.
Ndikosavuta kuti anthu agwiritse ntchito ntchito zachangu komanso zaulere, kulumikizana ndi abwenzi, odziwa nawo komanso omvera. Komabe, mwayi wolumikizana ndi anthu uku uli ndi zoyipa zake. Milandu yochulukirachulukira ya kuwunika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, kuwunika, kuphwanya zinsinsi ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana zandale zikuzindikirika. Zonsezi ndi zopangidwa ndi centralized data control.
Tsopano mapulojekiti ochulukirachulukira akupanga zomangamanga zodziyimira pawokha ndikuyesera kuchotsa oyimira pakati pa FAANG.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, ntchito zazikulu za indie - Napster, Tor ndi BitTorrent - zidawonetsa kubwerera ku decentralization. Pambuyo pake adaphimbidwa ndi omwe amapikisana nawo pakati.
Chidwi mu decentralization anachepa, ndipo anatsitsimutsidwa ndi kubwera kwa ntchito sayansi pa latsopano decentralized ndalama - Bitcoin, wolembedwa ndi Satoshi Nakamoto.
Kuyambira pano, ma protocol atsopano a DWeb, monga IPFS, amatsegula njira yosinthira pa intaneti. Ndipo mapulojekiti omwe adapulumuka kuyambira koyambirira kwa 2000s, monga Tor, I2P komanso Mixnets, akulowa gawo latsopano lachitukuko. Tsopano, m'badwo wonse wama projekiti ndi opanga akutsata masomphenya oyambilira a tsamba lokhazikitsidwa ndi Tim Berners-Lee mu 1990 ku CERN.
Panali kusagwirizana kwakukulu m'deralo ponena za zomwe webusaiti yatsopanoyi inali. Kafukufuku wathu akuwulula mfundo zomwe zimagawidwa ndi omanga m'derali.
Phunziroli limayamba ndikuwunika zovuta zomwe zili ndi Webusayiti yapano ndikutha ndi momwe DWeb ingagonjetsere zovuta zomwe ikukumana nazo.
Zotsatira Zofunikira
- Ntchito zambiri ndi zosakwana zaka ziwiri, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti DWeb idakalipobe ndipo idakali teknoloji yatsopano.
- Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu aliwonse omwe adafunsidwa amakhulupirira kuti DWeb imayendetsedwa makamaka ndi malingaliro ndi chidwi, komanso kuti sichikumvekabe ndi ogwiritsa ntchito wamba.
- Kusungidwa kwachinsinsi ndi kuwongolera pazidziwitso, komanso kulimba mtima kwaukadaulo ku zolephera, ndizomwe zikuyembekezeredwa kwambiri pa DWeb.
- Zovuta zazikulu popanga DWeb zimayamba chifukwa chaukadaulo wa anzawo ndi kusakhwima kwa matekinoloje atsopano.
- Zomwe zimadetsa nkhawa kwambiri kwa opanga ndi DNS, ma protocol osanjikiza SMTP, XMPP, etc., komanso HTTP.
- Palibe mitundu yamabizinesi mu DWeb ecosystem pano; opitilira theka la ma projekiti alibe njira iliyonse yopangira ndalama.
- IPFS ndi Ethereum ndi atsogoleri pakati pa matekinoloje akuluakulu omwe oyankha amagwiritsa ntchito kupanga mapulogalamu a DWeb.
- Chidwi cha DWeb pakati pa omanga ndipamwamba, koma njira yopititsira patsogolo ndi yaminga: zowonongeka ndi zazing'ono ndipo ziyenera kukonzedwa bwino, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuphunzitsidwa za ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito DWeb poyerekeza ndi anzawo apakati.
- Komabe, mwayi wofalitsa mawebusayiti ndiwowoneka bwino, ndipo ngati mliri wapadziko lonse wa COVID-19 ungakhale ndi zotsatira zabwino, zitha kukhala kuzindikira kwa anthu ambiri zakusamuka kwa ntchito zogawidwa.
Zamkatimu
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5.1
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6.3
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6.5
Kusiyana pakati pa Web 3.0 ndi DWeb
Pophunzira matekinoloje a DWeb, tidatsogozedwa ndi zosiyana zingapo pamaganizidwe aukadaulo wapaintaneti wogawidwa poyerekeza ndi Webusaiti 3.0. Makamaka, momwe opanga mapulogalamu ndi othandizira ammudzi amafotokozera tsogolo la mawu awiri osamveka bwino.
Mayankho ofufuza akuwonetsa kuti pali kulumikizana kwakukulu muzolinga zonse ndi masomphenya a DWeb ndi Web 3.0.
Webusaiti ya 3.0, makamaka yoyendetsedwa ndi gulu la blockchain, imatsindika kwambiri zamalonda - zachuma, e-commerce, AI ndi deta yaikulu yamakampani. Othandizira a DWeb (monga IPFS ndi Internet Archive), mosiyana, amayang'ana kwambiri malingaliro a kugawikana kwa deta: ulamuliro wa deta, chitetezo, chinsinsi ndi kukana kufufuza. Mapulojekiti a DWeb amaphatikiza zaluso zambiri zaukadaulo kuposa Web 3.0.
Ponseponse, malingaliro awiri a kubwereza kotsatira kwa maukonde sali osagwirizana ndipo akhoza kuthandizirana.
Pankhani yoyendetsa kafukufukuyu, ndi bwino kuyang'ana maganizo a otsutsa a DWeb ndi momwe zochitikazi (mwachitsanzo, P2P, kusungirako malo, zinsinsi za deta) zidzapangitse chitukuko cha intaneti yamtsogolo.
Ophunzira
Kafukufukuyu anali ndi kafukufuku yemwe anamalizidwa ndi anthu 631 omwe anafunsidwa, omwe 231 akugwira ntchito mwakhama pa ntchito zokhudzana ndi DWeb.
1. Kodi mbiri yanu ndi yotani?
Kafukufukuyu anali ndi mafunso 38. Kugawidwa kwa magawo pamayankho kumatengera kusankha kopanda malire kwa mayankho ndi oyankha - nthawi zambiri chiwopsezo choyankha chidzakhala choposa 100 peresenti.
Chitsanzo cha phunziroli chinayang'ana makamaka kwa opanga ndi mainjiniya omwe amagwira ntchito zokhudzana ndi DWeb. Sitinali kulunjika makamaka opanga blockchain, kotero iwo amapanga ochepa peresenti ya onse oyankha.
Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kuwona zomwe zasungidwa, tasindikiza zotsatira zosadziwika.
Webusaiti Yamakono
Webusaitiyi monga tikudziwira kuti yasintha pazaka makumi awiri zapitazi. Zambiri zimapezeka nthawi yomweyo komanso kwaulere. Mapulogalamu amphamvu amamangidwa pamwamba pa zomwe zilipo kale. Makampani a cloud computing omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ntchito akuyenda bwino. Dziko lonse lapansi limalumikizidwa kudzera pakulankhulana pompopompo.
Komabe, ukonde wamakono wapanga zinthu zina kumbuyo kwazithunzi. Intaneti ikupanga sekondi iliyonse, kutengera deta yowonjezereka, kuwonjezeka ndi kuphatikiza mphamvu. Zotsatira zake, ogwiritsa ntchito amakhala gwero ndipo zinsinsi zawo zimatengera kumbuyo, makamaka pankhani yopanga ndalama zotsatsa.
Mu gawoli, tikuwunika malingaliro ndi luso la omwe atenga nawo gawo pa kafukufukuyu pa momwe ukonde ulipo.
Malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo kwambiri pa intaneti
Malingaliro ambiri okhudza momwe maukonde amakono amakhalira makamaka amachokera ku zofooka zomwe zawonetsedwa. Choyamba, zimachokera ku vuto wamba - kusungidwa kwa data pakati. Chotsatira chake ndi zotsatira zomvetsa chisoni kuyambira kutayikira kwakukulu kwa data kupita ku censorship levers kuchokera ku FAANG ndi maboma.
2. Tchulani mavuto akulu mu Webusaiti yamakono
Poyang'ana koyamba, zambiri mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zitha kuwoneka ngati zoyendetsedwa ndi malingaliro komanso zoperewera ndi malingaliro a olimbikitsa zachinsinsi. Komabe, m'badwo wachichepere, omvera akuluakulu a ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti, amakhala ndi mafunso ambiri. Atopa ndi kutsatsa kosokoneza, kutayikira kwa data, komanso kusowa kwa kuwongolera deta kapena zinsinsi.
- Mwa chiwerengero chonse cha omwe adafunsidwa, nkhawa yayikulu idayamba chifukwa cha kutayikira kwakukulu kwa data yamunthu, monga zinalili ndi ΠΈ - malinga ndi 68,5% ya omwe anafunsidwa.
- Kuletsa ndi kuletsa kulowa komwe kumaperekedwa ndi akuluakulu aukadaulo komanso maboma adakhala pachiwiri ndi pachitatu, malinga ndi 66% ndi 65% ya omwe adayankha.
- Kutsatsa pogwiritsa ntchito deta yanu - 61%
- Zambiri za ogwiritsa ntchito - 53%
Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti malingaliro osiyanasiyana akuwonetsa kusakonda kwambiri paradigm yamakono, makamaka ikafika pa momwe intaneti imapangira ndalama.
Zilibe kanthu kaya zotsatira zanthawi yayitali za kutsatsa ndalama (monga kuwongolera data pakati ndi kuwukira zinsinsi) ndizowonongaβoyankha sakhutira ndi zotsatira zake.
Kuphatikiza apo, omwe adafunsidwa adawonetsa kudana ndi machitidwe otsekedwa. Chovuta kwambiri ndi kutseka kwazinthu kapena kusowa mphamvu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito pa data yawo. Ogwiritsa ntchito ali ndi mphamvu zochepa pa zomwe amawona m'ma feed, data, kapena navigation mkati mwa makina otsekedwa. Miyezo yofikirako komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito iyenera kupezeka.
3. Ndi chiyani chomwe chiyenera kukonzedwa mu ukonde wamakono poyamba?
Mayankhowo anali ofanana ndi ndemanga za madera omwe ali pachiwopsezo kwambiri.
- Ulamuliro wa data ndi amene adapambana. Kuphatikiza apo, 75,5% ya omwe adafunsidwa adawonetsa kuti kubweza kuwongolera kwa data kwa wogwiritsa ntchito ndikofunikira.
- Chinsinsi cha data - 59%
- Kukhazikika kwaukadaulo kuzinthu zosokoneza kapena masoka (mwachitsanzo, pa Cloudflare) - 56%
- Chitetezo, makamaka kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa siginecha za cryptographic pamapulogalamu - 51%
- Kusadziwika kwa intaneti - 42%
Pali kusakhutira komwe kukukulirakulira ndi malo osungiramo data pakati komanso mphamvu zamakampani a FAANG. Kusinthika kwachangu kwa zida monga cryptography kumapereka chiyembekezo chothana ndi kulamulira kwa data ndikugwiritsa ntchito molakwika zachinsinsi. Chifukwa chake, oyankha amakonda kuchoka pamtundu wodalirika kupita ku gulu lina.
Ma protocol a pa intaneti
4. Ndi chiyani chomwe chiyenera kuwonjezeredwa kapena kusinthidwa mu ndondomeko zomwe zilipo kale?
Mayankho a funsoli anali osiyana kwambiri.
- Zosanjikiza zosungidwa zamunthu - 44%
- Kutsimikizika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito - 42%
- Kuchita popanda intaneti mwachisawawa - 42%
- Zosanjikiza za anzawo ndi anzawo - 37%
- Mayankho ena, monga chizindikiritso chodziyimira pawokha papulatifomu ndi kutsimikizika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito - 37% - akhoza kuikidwa m'magulu azinthu zambiri zamunthu.
M'mawu owonjezera, omwe adafunsidwawo adatchula kusowa kwa miyezo ndi zovuta zamagulu monga zovuta zazikulu zolepheretsa ma protocol omwe alipo. Kuphatikiza apo, opanga ena adawonetsanso kusowa kwa zitsanzo zolimbikitsira ogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zidapangidwa mu ma protocol. Momwe mungalimbikitsire anthu kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito za DWeb kungakhale kofunikira kuti muwakope kuti atsegule ma protocol.
5. Ndi ma protocol ati a pa intaneti omwe akufunika kukonzedwanso?
Pomwe akufufuza zambiri zaukadaulo, otenga nawo mbali adagwirizana pama protocol omwe akufunika kukonzanso. Mwachitsanzo izi:
- Ma protocol a Resource Adressing Layer (DNS) - 52%
- Njira zolumikizirana (SMTP, XMPP, IRC) - 38%
- HTTP - 29%
Chimodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri chinali kufunikira kwa gawo lotetezeka kwambiri lamayendedwe, ndikulikonzekeretsa ndi chitetezo cha data, kasamalidwe ka ufulu wa digito, komanso kubweretsa Tor mumayendedwe.
Komabe, ena akukayika za njira yogawitsira m'madera. Chifukwa chake ndikufunika kukulitsa kowonjezera kwa zida zotsogola zamaprotocols. M'malingaliro awo, ndi bwino kungowonjezera ma protocol omwe alipo kusiyana ndi kuwasintha kwathunthu.
DWeb
Lingaliro la decentralization
6. "D" amatanthauza chiyani mu Dweb?
Chilembo "D" mu DWeb chimayimira kugawa, ndiko kuti, mtundu wina wa machitidwe ogawa kapena ogawa. Palibe tanthauzo lomveka la dongosolo loterolo, koma pochita litha kukhala kusuntha kosunthika kuchokera ku chitsanzo chapakati cha maukonde apano kupita kudera lokhazikika. Komabe, kusuntha koteroko sikofanana ndipo kumakumana ndi zovuta zina.
Gawo ili la phunziroli likuwonetsa ntchito ndi ziyembekezo zakukhazikitsa lingaliro la DWeb.
Monga momwe ofunsidwa amanenera, kusuntha kopita ku DWeb kumayenderana ndi malingaliro.
- Ambiri amamvetsetsa DWeb ngati maukonde opangidwa mwaluso, pomwe palibe kulephera kapena kudzikundikira deta - 82%,
- 64% ya omwe akutenga nawo mbali amawona Dweb ngati maukonde osayendetsedwa ndi ndale,
- 39% yazindikira kuti malingaliro a netiweki akuyenera kugawidwa,
- 37% ya omwe adafunsidwa adawonetsa kuti maukonde akuyenera "kugawidwa" kapena "kugawidwa" molingana ndi mfundo ya "kusakhulupirira, kutsimikizira", pomwe chilichonse chimatsimikizika.
Ofunsidwa ali ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu cha DWeb ngati yomanga malingaliro. Iyenera kukhala yoposa maukonde atsopano aukadaulo. Iyenera kukhala chida chomwe chimalimbikitsa malo ogwirizana pa intaneti. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri gwero lotseguka kumatha kupangitsa kuti scalability ikhale yabwino komanso kupanga mapulogalamu amphamvu kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, makampani ndi ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti wamba amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri zomwe zidalekanitsidwa kale ndi mabungwe.
DWeb Values ββndi Mission
Monga taonera kale, zomwe DWeb imayang'ana, malinga ndi omwe adafunsidwa, imagwirizana kwambiri ndi ulamuliro wa data, kukana kuwunika / kusagwira ntchito, komanso zinsinsi. Mayankho otsalawo amagwira ntchito ngati zowonjezera pazowunikira zazikulu mwanjira ina.
7. Kodi ndi zosintha zazikulu ziti zomwe mukuganiza kuti DWeb ingabweretse?
- Kubwezeretsanso kuwongolera kwa data yanu - 75%
- Kulephera kusokoneza kapena kuwerengera zomwe zili - 55%
- Palibe kutsatira kapena kuyang'anira ogwiritsa ntchito - 50%
Malingaliro a omwe adafunsidwa mosakayikira ndi ofunitsitsa. Koma izi ndi zomwe zida zatsopano za DWeb zimafuna, ndipo monga tiwona, pali zosintha zingapo zaukadaulo zomwe zikuthandizira kayendetsedwe kake.
8. Chosangalatsa ndi chiyani paukadaulo wa DWeb poyerekeza ndi Webusayiti yakale?
Mayankho a funsoli adadalira kwambiri "makhalidwe ndi ntchito," kuwonetsanso chikhalidwe choyendetsedwa ndi DWeb.
- Chitetezo - 43%
- Community ndi chithandizo - 31%
- Kugwirizana - 31%
- Scalability - 30%
Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zapaintaneti / zakomweko, latency yotsika komanso kulolerana kwakukulu kunatchulidwa ngati zabwino zazikulu zaukadaulo za DWeb mu ndemanga.
Mavuto aukadaulo
9. Ndi matekinoloje ati omwe angathandize kuti DWeb agwiritse ntchito kwambiri?
Mayankho a kafukufuku mu gawoli adawonetsa malingaliro a omwe adatenga nawo gawo paukadaulo womwe ungathandize kuyambitsa ukonde watsopano.
- P2p kulumikizana protocol - 55%
- Kusungirako Maadiresi - 54,5%
- Kugawana mafayilo a P2P - 51%
- Decentralized DNS - 47%
- Maukonde okhazikika pazinsinsi - 46%
10. Kodi mwayesapo kupanga mapulogalamu ndi matekinoloje a DWeb? Ndi ati kwenikweni?
- IPFS - 36%
- Ethereum - 25%
- Tsiku - 14%
- Libp2p -12%
IPFS ndi Ethereum makamaka ndi ena mwa mapulojekiti otseguka omwe akukula mwachangu pamapulogalamu onse a DWeb ndi ma protocol.
Madivelopa adatchulanso ntchito zina zingapo, kuphatikiza WebTorrent, Freenet, Textile, Holochain, 3Box, Embark, Radicle, Matrix, Urbit, Tor, BitTorrent, Statebus / Braid, Peerlinks, BitMessage, Yjs, WebRTC, Hyperledger Fabric ndi ena ambiri. .
11. Ndi chiyani chomwe chimakukhumudwitsani kwambiri paukadaulo wa DWeb?
Zofanana ndi zathu chaka chatha , zokhumudwitsa zambiri zomwe zidalembedwa zinali chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zolemba. Timawona zomwezo ndi matekinoloje a DWeb.
- Makamaka, chokhumudwitsa chachikulu ndi kusowa kwa zolemba, maphunziro, makanema ndi zida zina zophunzitsira kwa opanga - 44%
- Palinso vuto ndikumvetsetsa komwe ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito matekinoloje a Dweb pochita - 42%
- Kuvuta kwa kuphatikiza matekinoloje wina ndi mnzake - 40%
- Mavuto akukulitsa matekinoloje ogawidwa - 21%
Kuti zambiri mwazolepheretsazi zikuwonetsa zotsatira za chaka chatha zamapulogalamu a blockchain nthawi zambiri zitha kukhala chifukwa chosowa kukonzekera matekinoloje atsopano.
Kusowa kwa ntchito, kusagwirizana kwa ntchito, kugawikana, kusowa kwa zolemba, komanso ma protocol ambiri osankhidwa omwe angasankhidwe akadakali m'chitukuko zinalinso zina mwazinthu zokhumudwitsa zomwe ofunsidwawo adatchula.
12. Tchulani zinthu zovuta kwambiri zaukadaulo pakukula pogwiritsa ntchito P2P
Mayankho afunso okhudzana ndi zovuta za DWeb adayang'ana pazovuta zenizeni pakukhazikitsa ma projekiti a p2p. Timawonanso zovuta zomwe tazitchula kale.
- Mavuto akukula - 34%
- Kukhazikika kwa kulumikizana pakati pa anzawo pa intaneti - 31%
- Zopanga - 25%
******
Gawo lotsatira likhala lothandiza kwa opanga omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi zovuta zina mu DWeb ecosystem. Zina mwazovuta za Dweb ndizovuta zaukadaulo, monga kapangidwe ka P2P.
DWeb ikuwoneka kuti ili ndi vuto lolimbikitsa ogwiritsa ntchito. Nkhani zina zomwe sizinathe kuthetsedwa zikukhudzana ndi zolembetsa za ogwiritsa ntchito, kuchedwa kwa netiweki, kupeza anzawo, mtengo woyesera pamanetiweki, ndi zovuta zamalumikizidwe a data.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali zovuta zina za kusagwirizana kwa pulogalamu ndi msakatuli, kusakhazikika kwa maukonde, kasamalidwe ka chizindikiritso cha ogwiritsa ntchito ndi kusanthula.
Kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje a DWeb m'tsogolomu
13. Kodi muli ndi mwayi wotani wogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje a DWeb mu projekiti yanu yotsatira?
Ofunsidwa akugwira ntchito kale pama projekiti a DWeb adawonetsa chikhumbo chachikulu chogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje a DWeb mu projekiti yawo yotsatira. Mosiyana ndi izi, opanga omwe amangokonda ukadaulo wa DWeb adawonetsa zokonda zochepa zogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje a DWeb projekiti yawo yotsatira.
Mwinanso opanga chidwi akungodikirira kuti ukadaulowo ukule pang'ono asanayambe kuugwiritsa ntchito. Kumbali ina, omanga omwe akugwira ntchito kale ndi DWeb sakufuna kutaya nthawi, khama ndi zopereka zawo pamalingaliro onse, ndipo adzapitiriza kugwira ntchito ndi DWeb mtsogolomu.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa DWeb
14. Tchulani zopinga zovuta kwambiri panjira yopita ku DWeb
Ngakhale zovuta zaukadaulo zomwe DWeb ikupitilizabe kukula, sizili chopinga chachikulu - vuto ndi ogwiritsa ntchito.
- Ogwiritsa sadziwa mokwanira za DWeb ndi phindu lake - 70%
- Kusapezeka kwaukadaulo watsopano - 49%
- FAANG kukana - 42%
- Kusowa kwamitundu yamabizinesi yama projekiti a DWeb - 38%
- Kupanda kuphatikizika kwa matekinoloje okhazikitsidwa ndi asakatuli - 37%
Zikuwoneka kuti mabizinesi apakati omwe amayendetsedwa ndi data komanso momwe ma network akugwirira ntchito zikuyenda mpaka chidziwitso cha ogwiritsa ntchito chitafika pachimake ndipo mapulojekiti a DWeb apeza njira zopezera ndalama.
15. Kodi ndi chiyani kwenikweni chomwe chikulepheretsa anthu ambiri kutengera DWeb application/protocol?
- Kusakonzekera kwa polojekiti - 59%
- Kuvuta kuphunzitsa / kufotokozera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito atsopano momwe DWeb imagwirira ntchito - 35,5%
- Chiwerengero chochepa cha ogwiritsa ntchito a DWeb - 24%
Kudziwitsa ogwiritsa ntchito zaukadaulo wogawidwa m'magulu ndikofunikira kuti awachotse pamalingaliro apakati, achikhalidwe omwe ali pa intaneti masiku ano. Pamodzi ndi zabwino za UX/UI zamakina apakati, malingaliro a DWeb amabweretsa zinthu zambiri zabwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Pakadali pano, kumvetsetsa komanso makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito ndikovuta kwambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito wamba popanda luso laukadaulo. Kuyambitsa mapulogalamu ambiri a p2p ndikosiyana ndi kuyambitsa mapulogalamu okhazikika.
Ntchito za DWeb pakadali pano ndizosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito kuchokera pakusakatula kwachikhalidwe. Ndipo palinso ntchito zingapo za DWeb zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Zonsezi ndi zina mwa zopinga zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito atsopano amakumana nazo.
Udindo wa Blockchain
Ukadaulo wa blockchain unali pachimake pakutchuka kwake pakukhazikitsa kwakukulu kwa ICO kumapeto kwa 2017. Kuyambira pamenepo, opanga ndi makampani akhala akulumikizana ndi mautumiki osiyanasiyana a blockchain ndi kupambana kosiyanasiyana.
Mayankhowo adagawidwa pakati pa omwe amathandizira Bitcoin ndi makampani ake a cryptocurrency, ndi omwe sakhulupirira kuti blockchain ikhoza kukhala njira yothetsera mavuto onse. Malingaliro okhudza blockchain amasiyana mosiyanasiyana, makamaka okhudza momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso kuipa kwake poyerekeza ndi machitidwe apakati.
Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kukayikira komwe kukukulirakulira pakati pa omwe akutukula pazaubwino ndi kuipa kogwiritsa ntchito blockchain. M'malo moyesera kupanga chilichonse pa blockchain ndikunena kuti ndi njira yothetsera mavuto adziko lapansi, omwe akufunsidwa amangokonda kugwiritsa ntchito mtsogolo.
16. Mukuganiza bwanji za ntchito ya blockchain?
- Blockchain si njira yothetsera mavuto onse - 58%
- Blockchain ndi yabwino ndalama digito ndi malipiro - 54%
- Blockchain ndi yabwino kwa ID decentralized - 36%
- Kugwiritsa ntchito blockchain pamitundu ingapo ya ntchito za DWeb - 33%
- Blockchain angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa digito certification - 31%
- Tekinoloje ya blockchain ndi "kuwononga nthawi" - 14%
DWeb Projects
Mitundu yama projekiti
Ofunsidwa omwe akugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana za DWeb amwazikana padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo amagwira ntchito m'mapulojekiti osadziwika komanso otchuka kwambiri pankhaniyi. Ena mwa mapulojekiti odziwika bwino ndi IPFS, Dat ndi OrbitDB, pomwe ang'onoang'ono akuphatikizapo Lokinet, Radicle, Textile, ndi ena.
17. Mitundu ya ntchito za DWeb
Mitundu yama projekiti a DWeb idasiyana kwambiri. Tawaphatikiza m'magulu malinga ndi zolinga zawo. Nawa mayendedwe odziwika kwambiri omwe ofunsidwa amapereka zokonda zawo:
- Malo osungiramo deta ndi kusinthana - 27
- Ma social network - 17
- Finance - 16
Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, kuyang'anira chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso kulephera kugawana deta popanda kugwiritsa ntchito maofesi a FAANG atchulidwa kuti ndizovuta kwambiri pa intaneti.
Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwachuma komwe kumawonetsedwa pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri kwa DeFi pa Ethereum ndikuphatikiza ukadaulo wa blockchain ndi ma protocol a DWeb P2P.
Mitundu ya mapulojekiti a DWeb imawonetsa bwino zomwe ochita nawo kafukufukuyu akufuna. Akuwonetsa kuti ma projekiti akugwira ntchito pazovuta zenizeni padziko lapansi m'malo mwa nsanja zaukadaulo zaukadaulo.
18. Mukupanga chiyani - protocol kapena kugwiritsa ntchito?
Mwa onse omwe adachita nawo kafukufukuyu, anthu 231 adawonetsa kuti akugwira ntchitoyo.
- Kupanga mapulogalamu a ogwiritsa ntchito kumapeto - 49%
- Kugwira ntchito pazomangamanga kapena ma protocol kwa opanga - 44%
Chilimbikitso
19. N'chifukwa chiyani munasankha P2P pamwamba pa zomangamanga zapakati pa polojekiti yanu?
Madivelopa adazindikira kale zomwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje a DWeb ndi P2P. Pafunso loti chifukwa chiyani amasankha matekinoloje a anzawo,
- Ambiri amachokera pamalingaliro ofunikira - 72%
- Anasankha DWeb pazifukwa zaukadaulo - 58%
Kutengera ndemanga ndi mayankho ku mafunso ena, chotsatira chachiwiri chikuwoneka kuti chikugwirizana ndi zabwino zaukadaulo zomwe zimathandizira mfundo za Dweb. Mwakutero, netiweki yosagwirizana ndi P2P, malo osungirako ndi zina zaukadaulo wa P2P.
Ntchito ndi gulu
20. Kodi polojekiti yanu ili pati?
- Pakali pano - 51%
- Kukhazikitsidwa - 29%
- Pa lingaliro / lingaliro siteji - 15%
- Ali pazigawo zina zachitukuko - 5%
21. Kodi mumagwira ntchito nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Kunena zoona, mapulojekiti ambiri a DWeb ndi atsopano poyerekeza ndi anzawo apa intaneti.
- Gwiritsani ntchito zaka 1 - 2 zokha - 31,5%
- Alipo zaka zoposa 3 - 21%
- Gwirani ntchito zosakwana chaka chimodzi - 1%
22. Ndi anthu angati omwe amagwira ntchito mu polojekiti yanu?
Kukula kwamagulu kumasiyana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono.
- Kuchokera kwa anthu awiri mpaka asanu - 35%
- Ntchito yokha - 34%
- Opitilira 10 pagulu (nthawi zambiri mapulojekiti odziwika bwino monga IPFS) - 21%
- Gulu la opanga 6 mpaka 10 - 10%
Zolemba zamakono
Ponena za kupereka zilolezo mapulojekiti otsegulira a DWeb, opanga amasankha zilolezo zomwe zimagwirizana ndi umisiri wakale.
23. Ndi chiphaso chiti chomwe mwasankha pa projekiti yanu?
- MIT - 42%
- AGPL 3.0 - 21%
- Apache 2.0 - 16,5%
- Chigamulo cha chilolezo sichinapangidwe - 18,5%
- Osapereka chilolezo chawo - 10%
24. Mulu waukulu wa polojekiti yanu?
Pulojekiti ya pulojekitiyi ndi kuphatikiza kwa matekinoloje omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kutsogolo, kumbuyo ndi ku DWeb.
Kutsogolo kumaimiridwa makamaka ndi:
- Zochita - 20
- Typescript - 13
- Angular - 8
- electron - 6
Kwa backend, ofunsidwa makamaka amagwiritsa ntchito:
- GO - 25
- Node.js - 33
- Dzimbiri - 24
- Python - 18
Ponseponse, kusankha kukuwonetsa zomwe zikuchitika pakukula kwa gwero lotseguka, monga lipoti la Github State of the Octoverse.
Atsogoleri muukadaulo wa DWeb ndi:
- IPFS-32
- Ethereum - 30
- libp2p-14
- DAT - 10
Mitundu yamabizinesi ndi ndalama
25. Kodi ndondomeko ya bizinesi ya polojekiti yanu ndi yotani?
Mitundu yamabizinesi mu DWeb yadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazovuta zazikulu zomwe omangamanga akukumana nazo. Ndizovuta kutulutsa mtengo kuchokera ku ma protocol otseguka omwe samatsatira madongosolo apakati opangira ndalama.
- Palibe chitsanzo chopezera ndalama kuchokera ku polojekiti yanu - 30%
- Ndiganiza pambuyo pake - 22,5%
- Mtundu wa "Freemium" - 15%
- Zolipidwa za DWeb - 15%
Ena mwamalingaliro opangira ndalama amakhalabe ophikidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mu DWeb. Mwachitsanzo, SaaS ndi chilolezo zinatchulidwa kangapo mu ndemanga. Staking ndi ulamuliro mu blockchains zatchulidwanso ntchito zingapo. Ngakhale ali ndi kuthekera, akadali m'magawo oyambilira ndipo sanakonzekere kutengedwa.
Ndalama
Kuyika ndalama kungakhale kofunika kwambiri pakusintha lingaliro kukhala pulojekiti yotheka.
26. Kodi ndalama zoyambilira zinalandiridwa bwanji pa projekiti yanu?
- Ntchito ya DWeb imathandizidwa ndi woyambitsa wake - 53%
- Adalandira ndalama kuchokera ku ndalama zamabizinesi kapena angelo abizinesi - 19%
- Thandizo lolandira - 15%
- Chiwerengero cha malonda a zizindikiro ndi ICO chachepetsedwa kwambiri kuyambira 2017, ndipo chimapanga gawo laling'ono la ntchito zonse - 10%
Ochita nawo kafukufuku sanachite manyazi kufotokoza kukhumudwa kwawo ndi vuto lopeza ndalama za DWeb.
Omvera polojekiti
27. Omvera a mwezi ndi mwezi a polojekiti yanu
Vuto lokopa ndi kuphunzitsa ogwiritsa ntchito limakhudza kuchuluka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito mapulojekiti a DWeb. Chiwerengerocho chimasiyana kwambiri, kutsika poyerekeza ndi ntchito zapakati.
- Sindinatulutsebe malonda - 35%
- Osachepera 100 ogwiritsa ntchito pamwezi - 21%
- Osakhala ndi mwayi wowunika omvera awo - 10,5%
- Sakudziwa kuchuluka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito - 10%
- Kuyambira 100 mpaka 1K ogwiritsa ntchito - 9%
Mapeto ndi Mapeto
- Lingaliro la "DWeb" pakati pa omwe akuwalimbikitsa limayendetsedwa kwambiri ndi semantics ndi zolinga zazikulu za kugawa: ulamuliro wa data, chinsinsi, anti-censorship, ndi kusintha komwe kumabwera nawo. Mwachiwonekere, zonsezi ndiye leitmotif yaikulu ndi mfundo ya kukula kwa Dweb.
- Ma projekiti ambiri ndi omwe akufunsidwa amathandizira malingaliro a DWeb. Makhalidwe amachokera ku kupondereza kuwunika kwa boma kwa ogwiritsa ntchito mpaka kuletsa zimphona zaukadaulo kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika deta.
- Madivelopa ali okondwa ndi DWeb, koma kufalikira kwa matekinoloje a DWeb ndikugwiritsa ntchito sikunali kocheperako. Zambiri ndizochepa, ndipo nkhani zaulamuliro ndi zinsinsi za data sizikuperekedwabe mokwanira kwa anthu. Madivelopa amakumana ndi zopinga zambiri, kuyambira kusowa zolemba ndi zida mpaka kusagwirizana kwaukadaulo wa DWeb ndi zomangamanga zomwe zilipo.
- Ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse amakonda kugwirizana ndi zomwe DWeb akufuna. Komabe, zolephera zaukadaulo zimalepheretsa opanga. Mapulogalamu omwe sagwiritsa ntchito bwino, chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito kapena zovuta, mwachitsanzo, akulepheretsa kutengera ukadaulo wa DWeb.
- Maboma ndi makampani akuluakulu aukadaulo awonetsa kukana kwambiri kukwera kwa matekinoloje omwe ali ndi magawo ambiri, kaya pazachuma, zinsinsi za data, kapena kukana kuwunika. Makampani akuluakulu aukadaulo sangathe kusiya kuwongolera mosavuta kuchuluka kwa data yomwe amakhala nayo. Komabe, ukadaulo wa DWeb ukhoza kuwachotsa. Maziko akhazikitsidwa, ndipo ayenera kutsatiridwa ndi kuyenda kwamphamvu kwa anthu ambiri. Tsopano ndi zomanga zomangamanga zaukadaulo, kupereka zida zophunzirira zambiri kwa opanga ndi ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti.
- Kupanga ndalama ndi ndalama ndizovuta kwambiri paukadaulo wa DWeb pakadali pano. Kupeza ndalama mosakayikira kudzayenda bwino mliriwu ukatha. Komabe, mapulojekiti a DWeb akuyenera kupeza njira zatsopano zowonjezerera luso lawo lazachuma, kuphatikiza pazachuma kapena ndalama kuchokera kwa angelo abizinesi. Zimphona zamatekinoloje zamtundu wa ma FAANG zili ndi mphamvu ndipo zikuwonetsa chidwi cholepheretsa mpikisano. Popanda mitundu yokwanira yopangira ndalama, mapulojekiti a DWeb adzavutikira kosatha kuti akhale oyenera komanso okopa anthu ambiri.
Masomphenya a DWeb ndikusokoneza mitundu yambiri yapakati, monga mtundu wa data wa kasitomala-seva ndi mtundu wabizinesi wotengera malonda, ndikukhazikitsanso omwe adakhazikitsidwa kuyambira pansi, zomwe ndi zolakalaka kwambiri.
Tekinoloje ya DWeb ikupanga chidwi chachikulu komanso ikukula mwachangu. Ntchito zodziwika bwino monga Ethereum ndi IPFS zili kale ndi anthu ambiri othandizira. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito komanso kuvomereza mapulojekiti ang'onoang'ono kukucheperachepera chifukwa chakukhazikika pamsika ndi zimphona zamaukadaulo azikhalidwe. Kuti mapulojekitiwa apitirire patsogolo, zomangamanga ndizofunikira. Mwachitsanzo, zida zopangira mapulogalamu ndi zolemba zothandizidwa, komanso ma levers kuti akope osuta wamba ku mapulogalamu a DWeb.
Chiwerengero cha ogwiritsa ntchito mu crypto, blockchain ndi DWeb ndizochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ntchito zanthawi zonse. Komabe, zochitika zambiri pazaka zingapo zikubwerazi zitha kukhala zabwino pakukula kwa DWeb. Izi zimatengera zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Kuzindikira kokulirapo pakufunika kwazinsinsi zapamwamba kutsatira kuwunikidwa kwa boma, kuphwanya kwakukulu ndi kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa data ya ogula. Ogwiritsa ntchito akufuna kuwongolera deta yawo. Zinsinsi za digito tsopano zikufunika kwambiri. DWeb athe kuwonetsa ogwiritsa ntchito mayankho othandiza.
- Kusatsimikizika kwa mfundo zazachuma ndi zachuma panthawi ya mliriwu zitha kulimbikitsa ambiri kuti afufuze matekinoloje a crypto, ndikuwadziwitsa gawo lina la DWeb.
- Kuchulukirachulukira kwapadziko lonse kwa mapulojekiti otseguka, zida ndi zilolezo zikuchulukirachulukira m'mafakitale akuluakulu, kutsitsa zotchinga kuti zitheke komanso kutsegulira mwayi wopezeka pa intaneti.
- Asakatuli akuluakulu omwe amaphatikiza ma protocol a DWeb (monga Opera) ndi asakatuli atsopano omwe akubwera (Olimba Mtima) amatha kusintha kusintha kwamatekinoloje kukhala osavuta komanso osawoneka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito wamba.
Paintaneti, ngakhale idachokera kudera lonyozeka, lokhazikika, yakhala ikupita patsogolo kwazaka zambiri.
Kuyambikanso kwa matekinoloje okhazikitsidwa ndi anthu komanso gulu logwira ntchito lomwe likuwathandizira zatipatsa chiyembekezo choletsa kufalikira kwa intaneti. Kubwerera ku zoyambira kungatanthauze kukhala ndi intaneti yokhazikika, yotseguka komanso yopezeka, yopanda kulamulidwa ndi maboma ndi zimphona zaukadaulo.
Awa ndi masomphenya oyenera kuwatsata, ndipo ndichifukwa chake mainjiniya ambiri akuyesetsa kukwaniritsa cholingachi masiku ano. Mayankho mu kafukufuku wathu adavumbulutsa zopinga zingapo zofunika pakuzindikira DWeb yotukuka, koma kuthekera kwake ndi zenizeni.
Timatsimikiza kuti ngakhale kuti DWeb ili m'mayambiriro ake oyambirira, izi sizilepheretsa kuti zikhale zofunikira, komanso zoyenerera bwino, pazithunzi za kusintha kwa zokonda za ogwiritsa ntchito Webusaiti yamakono.
Mndandanda wa omwe atenga nawo mbali mu phunziroli ukhoza kuwonedwa . Osadziwika aliponso . Zikomo aliyense chifukwa chotenga nawo mbali!
Source: www.habr.com