David O'Brien posachedwapa adayambitsa kampani yake, Xirus (https://xirus.com.au), akuyang'ana kwambiri zinthu zamtambo za Microsoft Azure Stack. Amapangidwa kuti azipanga nthawi zonse ndikuyendetsa mapulogalamu osakanizidwa m'malo opangira ma data, malo am'mphepete, maofesi akutali, ndi mtambo.
David amaphunzitsa anthu ndi makampani pazinthu zonse Microsoft Azure ndi Azure DevOps (omwe kale anali VSTS) ndipo amachitabe upangiri wamanja ndi infracoding. Wakhala wopambana Mphotho ya Microsoft MVP (Microsoft Most Valuable Professional) kwa zaka 5 ndipo posachedwapa walandira Mphotho ya Azure MVP. Monga wokonza nawo msonkhano wa Melbourne Microsoft Cloud ndi Datacentre Meetup, O'Brien amalankhula pafupipafupi pamisonkhano yapadziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza chidwi chake choyendayenda padziko lonse lapansi ndi chidwi chogawana nkhani za IT ndi anthu ammudzi. David's blog ili pa , amasindikizanso maphunziro ake pa intaneti pa Pluralsight.
Nkhaniyi ikunena za kufunikira kwa ma metrics kumvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika mdera lanu komanso momwe pulogalamu yanu ikugwirira ntchito. Microsoft Azure ili ndi njira yamphamvu komanso yosavuta yowonetsera ma metric amitundu yonse yantchito, ndipo nkhaniyo ikufotokoza momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zonse.
Nthawi ya 3 koloko Lamlungu, mukugona, mwadzidzidzi mumadzutsidwa ndi meseji: "pulogalamu yapamwamba siyikuyankhanso." Chikuchitika ndi chiani? Kodi chifukwa cha "mabuleki" ndi chiyani? Munkhani iyi, muphunzira za ntchito zomwe Microsoft Azure imapatsa makasitomala kuti atole mitengo, makamaka ma metrics kuchokera pamitolo yanu yamtambo. David akuwuzani zomwe muyenera kukhala nazo chidwi mukamagwira ntchito pamtambo komanso momwe mungafikire. Muphunzira za zida zotseguka komanso zomangira dashboard, ndipo mutha kukhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira kuti mupange ma dashboard anu.
Ndipo ngati mwadzutsidwanso nthawi ya 3 koloko ndi uthenga woti pulogalamu yovuta yawonongeka, mutha kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa.
Masana abwino, lero tikambirana za ma metric. Dzina langa ndine David O'Brien, ndine woyambitsa mnzake komanso mwini wake wa kampani yaing'ono yaulangizi yaku Australia, Xirus. Zikomo kachiwiri chifukwa chobwera kuno kudzacheza nane. Nanga nβcifukwa ciani tili ndi moyo? Kuti tilankhule za ma metric, kapena kani, ndikuwuzani za iwo, ndipo tisanachite chilichonse, tiyeni tiyambe ndi chiphunzitsocho.
Ndikuuzani ma metrics, zomwe mungachite nawo, zomwe muyenera kulabadira, momwe mungasonkhanitsire ndikuthandizira kusonkhanitsa ma metric ku Azure, ndikuwona ma metrics otani. Ndikuwonetsani momwe zinthu izi zimawonekera mumtambo wa Microsoft komanso momwe mungagwirire ntchito ndi mtambowu.
Tisanayambe, ndifunsa kuwonetsa manja kwa iwo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Microsoft Azure. Ndani amagwira ntchito ndi AWS? Ndikuwona ochepa. Nanga bwanji Google? ALI Cloud? Munthu m'modzi! Zabwino. Ndiye ma metrics ndi chiyani? Tanthauzo lovomerezeka la US National Institute of Standards and Technology ndi: "Metric ndi muyeso womwe umalongosola mikhalidwe ndi malamulo oyezera malo ndikuthandizira kumvetsetsa zotsatira zake." Zikutanthauza chiyani?
Tiyeni titenge chitsanzo cha metric yosinthira malo aulere a disk a makina enieni. Mwachitsanzo, timapatsidwa nambala 90, ndipo chiwerengerochi chimatanthauza peresenti, ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwa malo a disk yaulere ndi 90%. Ndikuwona kuti sizosangalatsa kwambiri kuwerenga kufotokozera tanthauzo la ma metrics, omwe amatenga masamba 40 mumtundu wa pdf.
Komabe, ma metricwa sanena kuti zotsatira zake zapezeka bwanji, zimangowonetsa izi. Kodi timachita chiyani ndi ma metrics?
Choyamba, timayesa mtengo wa chinthu kuti tigwiritse ntchito zotsatira zake.
Mwachitsanzo, tapeza kuchuluka kwa danga laulere la disk ndipo tsopano titha kuligwiritsa ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito kukumbukira uku, ndi zina. Tikalandira zotsatira za metric, tiyenera kuzitanthauzira. Mwachitsanzo, metric inabweza zotsatira za 90. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti chiwerengerochi chimatanthauza chiyani: kuchuluka kwa malo omasuka kapena kuchuluka kwa malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa disk kapena gigabytes, network latency yofanana ndi 90 ms, ndi zina zotero. , tiyenera kutanthauzira tanthauzo la mtengo wa metric. Kuti ma metric akhale otanthauzo nkomwe, mutatanthauzira mtengo umodzi wa metric, tiyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti zikhalidwe zingapo zasonkhanitsidwa. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri chifukwa anthu ambiri sadziwa kufunika kotolera ma metric. Microsoft yapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kusonkhanitsa ma metric, koma zili ndi inu kuti muwonetsetse kuti zasonkhanitsidwa. Ma metrics awa amasungidwa kwa masiku 41 okha ndipo amatha pa tsiku la 42. Chifukwa chake, kutengera zomwe zida zanu zakunja kapena zamkati, muyenera kusamala momwe mungasungire ma metrics kwa masiku opitilira 41 - monga zipika, zipika, ndi zina zambiri. Chifukwa chake, mutatha kusonkhanitsa, muyenera kuziyika pamalo ena omwe amakulolani kuti muwonjezere ziwerengero zonse zakusintha kwa zotsatira za metric ngati kuli kofunikira. Mukawayika pamenepo, mutha kuyamba kugwira nawo ntchito moyenera.
Mukapeza ma metric, kuwatanthauzira ndikusonkhanitsa, mutha kupanga mgwirizano wa SLA - service level. SLA iyi ikhoza kukhala yofunikira kwambiri kwa makasitomala anu; ndiyofunikira kwambiri kwa anzanu, mamanenjala, omwe amasamalira dongosololi ndipo ali ndi nkhawa ndi momwe imagwirira ntchito. Metric imatha kuyeza kuchuluka kwa matikiti - mwachitsanzo, mumalandira matikiti 5 patsiku, ndipo pakadali pano ikuwonetsa kuthamanga kwa mayankho pazopempha za ogwiritsa ntchito komanso kuthamanga kwazovuta. Metric siyenera kungonena kuti tsamba lanu limadzaza mu 20ms kapena liwiro lanu loyankhira ndi 20ms, metric ndi yoposa chizindikiro chimodzi chaukadaulo.
Chifukwa chake, ntchito yakukambirana kwathu ndikukuwonetsani chithunzi chatsatanetsatane cha ma metrics. Metric imatumikira kotero kuti poyang'ana izo mutha kupeza chithunzi chonse cha ndondomekoyi.
Tikakhala ndi ma metric, titha kutsimikizira 99% kuti dongosololi likugwira ntchito, chifukwa sikungoyang'ana fayilo ya chipika yomwe imati dongosolo likugwira ntchito. Chitsimikizo cha 99% cha uptime chimatanthawuza kuti, mwachitsanzo, 99% ya nthawi yomwe API imayankha pa liwiro labwino la 30 ms. Izi ndi zomwe zimakondweretsa ogwiritsa ntchito anu, anzanu ndi oyang'anira. Makasitomala athu ambiri amawunika zipika za seva yapaintaneti, koma samawona zolakwika zilizonse mwa iwo ndikuganiza kuti zonse zili bwino. Mwachitsanzo, amawona liwiro la netiweki la 200 Mb / s ndikuganiza: "Chabwino, chilichonse ndichabwino!" Koma kuti akwaniritse izi 200, ogwiritsa ntchito amafunikira liwiro la kuyankha la 30 milliseconds, ndipo izi ndiye chizindikiro chomwe sichikuyezedwa komanso chosasonkhanitsidwa mu mafayilo a log. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ogwiritsa ntchito amadabwa kuti malowa amanyamula pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa, opanda ma metrics ofunikira, sakudziwa zifukwa za khalidweli.
Koma popeza tili ndi 100% uptime SLA, makasitomala amayamba kudandaula chifukwa malowa ndi ovuta kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, kuti mupange cholinga cha SLA, ndikofunikira kuwona chithunzi chonse cha njira yopangidwa ndi ma metric omwe asonkhanitsidwa. Ili ndi vuto lomwe ndimakhala nalo ndi othandizira ena omwe, popanga ma SLA, sadziwa tanthauzo la mawu akuti "uptime" ndipo nthawi zambiri samafotokozera makasitomala awo momwe API yawo imagwirira ntchito.
Ngati mudapanga ntchito, mwachitsanzo, API ya munthu wachitatu, muyenera kumvetsetsa zomwe ma metric a 39,5 amatanthauza - kuyankha, kuyankha bwino, kuyankha pa liwiro la 20 ms kapena 5 ms liwiro. Zili ndi inu kuti musinthe SLA yawo kuti igwirizane ndi SLA yanu, kumayendedwe anu.
Mukazindikira zonsezi, mutha kuyamba kupanga dashboard yodabwitsa. Ndiuzeni, kodi pali wina amene wagwiritsapo kale ntchito ya Grafana? Zabwino! Ndine wokonda kwambiri gwero lotsegukali chifukwa chinthu ichi ndi chaulere komanso chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
Ngati simunagwiritse ntchito Grafana pano, ndikuuzani momwe mungagwirire nayo. Aliyense wobadwa mu 80s ndi 90s mwina amakumbukira CareBears? Sindikudziwa kuti zimbalangondozi zinali zotchuka bwanji ku Russia, koma zikafika pamiyeso, tiyenera kukhala "zimbalangondo" zomwezo. Monga ndanenera, muyenera chithunzi chachikulu cha momwe dongosolo lonse limagwirira ntchito, ndipo siziyenera kungokhala za API yanu, tsamba lanu, kapena ntchito yomwe ikuyenda pamakina enieni.
Muyenera kukonza zosonkhanitsira ma metric omwe amawonetsa bwino magwiridwe antchito adongosolo lonse. Ambiri a inu ndinu opanga mapulogalamu, kotero moyo wanu ukusintha mosalekeza, kusinthira kuzinthu zatsopano, ndipo monga momwe mukukhudzidwira ndi njira zolembera, muyenera kukhudzidwa ndi ma metric. Muyenera kudziwa momwe metric ikugwirizanirana ndi mzere uliwonse wamakhodi omwe mumalemba. Mwachitsanzo, sabata yamawa mukuyamba ntchito yatsopano yotsatsa ndipo mukuyembekeza kuti ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito adzachezera tsamba lanu. Kuti muwunike chochitikachi, mufunika ma metric, ndipo mungafunike bolodi lathunthu kuti muwone zomwe anthuwa akuchita. Mufunika ma metrics kuti mumvetsetse momwe kampeni yanu yotsatsira ikuyendera komanso momwe ikuchitira. Adzakuthandizani, mwachitsanzo, kupanga CRM yogwira mtima - kasamalidwe kaubwenzi wamakasitomala.
Chifukwa chake tiyeni tiyambe ndi ntchito yathu yamtambo ya Azure. Ndizosavuta kupeza ndikukonza zosonkhanitsira ma metrics chifukwa ili ndi Azure Monitor. Monitor iyi imayika pakati kasamalidwe ka dongosolo lanu. Chilichonse mwazinthu za Azure zomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito pakompyuta yanu chili ndi ma metric ambiri omwe amathandizidwa mwachisawawa. Uwu ndi pulogalamu yaulere yomwe imagwira ntchito kunja kwa bokosilo ndipo sifunikira zoikamo zoyambira; simuyenera kulemba kapena "kuwotcha" kalikonse kudongosolo lanu. Titsimikizira izi poyang'ana pachiwonetsero chotsatirachi.
Kuonjezera apo, n'zotheka kutumiza ma metrics ku mapulogalamu a chipani chachitatu, monga Splunk log storage and analysis system, cloud-based log management application SumoLogic, ELK log processing tool, ndi IBM Radar. Zowona, pali kusiyana pang'ono komwe kumadalira zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito - makina enieni, mautumiki apaintaneti, ma database a Azure SQL, ndiko kuti, kugwiritsa ntchito ma metric kumasiyana malinga ndi momwe ntchito yanu imagwirira ntchito. Sindinganene kuti kusiyana kumeneku ndi kwakukulu, koma, mwatsoka, iwo akadalipo, ndipo izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Kuthandizira ndi kutumiza ma metrics ndikotheka m'njira zingapo: kudzera pa Portal, CLI/Power Shell, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ma tempuleti a ARM.
Ndisanayambe chiwonetsero changa choyamba, ndiyankha mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo. Ngati palibe mafunso, tiyeni tiyambe. Chophimba chikuwonetsa momwe tsamba la Azure Monitor likuwonekera. Kodi alipo wa inu anganene kuti polojekitiyi sikugwira ntchito?
Chifukwa chake tsopano zonse zili bwino, mutha kuwona momwe ntchito zowunikira zimawonekera. Ndikhoza kunena kuti ichi ndi chida chabwino kwambiri komanso chosavuta pa ntchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'anira mapulogalamu, ma network ndi zomangamanga. Posachedwapa, mawonekedwe owunikira asinthidwa, ndipo ngati mautumiki akale anali m'malo osiyanasiyana, tsopano zonse zokhudzana ndi mautumiki zimaphatikizidwa pa tsamba loyamba la polojekiti.
Tebulo la ma metrics ndi tabu yomwe ili panjira ya HomeMonitorMetrics, yomwe mutha kupitako kuti muwone ma metric onse omwe alipo ndikusankha omwe mukufuna. Koma ngati mukufuna kuyatsa kusonkhanitsa ma metrics, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya chikwatu cha HomeMonitorDiagnostic ndikuyang'ana mabokosi oyeserera a Enabled/Disabled metrics. Mwachikhazikitso, pafupifupi ma metrics onse amayatsidwa, koma ngati mukufuna kuwonjezera zina, muyenera kusintha mawonekedwe a matenda kuchokera kwa Olemala kukhala Othandizira.
Kuti muchite izi, dinani pamzere wa metric yomwe mwasankha ndipo pa tabu yomwe imatsegulidwa, yambitsani njira yowunikira. Ngati musanthula ma metric osankhidwa, ndiye mutatha kudina Yatsani ulalo wowunikira, muyenera kuyang'ana bokosi la Tumizani ku Log Analytics pawindo lomwe likuwonekera.
Log Analytics ndi yofanana ndi Splunk, koma imawononga ndalama zochepa. Utumikiwu umakupatsani mwayi wotolera ma metrics anu onse, zipika ndi china chilichonse chomwe mungafune ndikuziyika mu Log Analytics workspace. Ntchitoyi imagwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo chapadera cha KQL - Chiyankhulo cha Kusto Quarry, tiwona ntchito yake pachiwonetsero chotsatira. Pakadali pano, ndiwona kuti ndi chithandizo chake mutha kupanga mafunso okhudzana ndi ma metric, zipika, mawu, machitidwe, mawonekedwe, ndi zina. ndi kupanga dashboards.
Chifukwa chake, timayang'ana bokosi la Tumizani ku Log Analytics ndi bokosi loyang'anira gulu la LOG: DataPlaneRequests, MongoRequests ndi QueryRuntimeStatistics, ndi pansipa pagawo la METRIC - bokosi loyang'anira Zopempha. Kenako timayika dzina ndikusunga zoikamo. Pa mzere wolamula, izi zikuyimira mizere iwiri yamakhodi. Mwa njira, chipolopolo cha Azure Cloud mwanjira iyi chikufanana ndi Google, chomwe chimakupatsaninso mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mzere wolamula mu msakatuli wanu. AWS ilibe zonga izi, chifukwa chake Azure ndiyosavuta mwanjira iyi.
Mwachitsanzo, nditha kuyendetsa chiwonetsero kudzera pa intaneti popanda kugwiritsa ntchito ma code pa laputopu yanga. Kuti ndichite izi, ndiyenera kutsimikizira ndi akaunti yanga ya Azure. Ndiye mutha kugwiritsa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, terrafone, ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito kale, dikirani kulumikizana ndiutumiki ndikupeza malo ogwirira ntchito a Linux omwe Microsoft amagwiritsa ntchito mwachisawawa.
Kenako, ndimagwiritsa ntchito Bash, yomangidwa mu Azure Cloud Shell. Chinthu chothandiza kwambiri ndi IDE yomangidwa mu msakatuli, mtundu wopepuka wa VS Code. Kenako, nditha kulowa mu template yanga yolakwika, kuyisintha, ndikuisintha kuti igwirizane ndi zosowa zanga.
Mukakhazikitsa zosonkhanitsira ma metric mu template iyi, mutha kuzigwiritsa ntchito kupanga ma metrics azinthu zanu zonse. Titagwiritsa ntchito ma metric, kuwasonkhanitsa, ndi kuwasunga, tidzafunika kuwona m'maganizo.
Azure Monitor imangogwira ndi ma metrics ndipo siyimapereka chithunzi chonse cha thanzi la dongosolo lanu. Mutha kukhala ndi mapulogalamu ena angapo omwe akuyenda kunja kwa chilengedwe cha Azure. Chifukwa chake ngati mukufuna kuwunika njira zonse, kuwona ma metric onse omwe asonkhanitsidwa pamalo amodzi, ndiye kuti Azure Monitor siyoyenera izi.
Kuti athetse vutoli, Microsoft imapereka chida cha Power BI, pulogalamu yowunikira bizinesi yomwe imaphatikizapo kuwonera zambiri zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ichi ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali, mtengo wake umadalira ntchito zomwe mukufuna. Mwachikhazikitso, imakupatsirani mitundu 48 ya data kuti muyikonze ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi Azure SQL Data Warehouses, Azure Data Lake Storage, Azure Machine Learning Services, ndi Azure Databricks. Pogwiritsa ntchito scalability, mutha kulandira zatsopano mphindi 30 zilizonse. Izi zitha kukhala zokwanira kapena sizingakhale zokwanira pazosowa zanu ngati mukufuna kuwonera nthawi yeniyeni. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu monga Grafana ndatchula. Kuphatikiza apo, zolemba za Microsoft zimafotokoza kuthekera kotumiza ma metric, zipika ndi matebulo a zochitika pogwiritsa ntchito zida za SIEM ku machitidwe owonera Splunk, SumoLogic, ELK ndi IBM radar.
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