Nthawi ina tidapereka kasamalidwe ka zikalata zamagetsi kwa kasitomala pamalo amodzi. Ndiyeno ku chinthu china. Ndipo winanso. Ndipo wachinayi, ndi wachisanu. Tinatengeka kwambiri moti tinafika pa zinthu 10 zogawanika. Zinali zamphamvu ... makamaka pamene tidafika popereka zosintha. Monga gawo la kutumiza kudera lopanga, zochitika 5 zamakina oyesera zidafunikira maola 10 ndi antchito 6-7. Mitengo yotereyi inatikakamiza kuti tizitumiza zinthu pafupipafupi momwe tingathere. Pambuyo pa zaka zitatu zogwira ntchito, sitinathe kupirira ndipo tinaganiza zokometsera pulojekitiyi ndi utsi wa DevOps.
Tsopano kuyesa konse kumachitika m'maola atatu, ndipo anthu atatu amatenga nawo gawo: injiniya ndi oyesa awiri. Zosinthazi zimafotokozedwa momveka bwino mu manambala ndipo zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa TTM yomwe imakonda kwambiri. Zomwe takumana nazo, pali makasitomala ambiri omwe angapindule ndi DevOps kuposa omwe amadziwa. Chifukwa chake, kuti tibweretse DevOps pafupi ndi anthu, tapanga zomanga zosavuta, zomwe tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane mu positiyi.
Tsopano tiyeni tikuuzeni mwatsatanetsatane. Kampani ina yamagetsi ikutumiza kasamalidwe ka zikalata zaukadaulo m'malo 10 akuluakulu. Sikophweka kuyendera mapulojekiti amtundu uwu popanda DevOps, chifukwa gawo lalikulu la ntchito zamanja zimachedwetsa kwambiri ntchitoyo komanso zimachepetsanso khalidwe - ntchito zonse zamanja zimakhala ndi zolakwika. Komano, pali ma projekiti omwe pali unsembe umodzi wokha, koma zonse ziyenera kugwira ntchito mokhazikika, nthawi zonse komanso mosalephera - mwachitsanzo, machitidwe otaya chikalata omwewo m'mabungwe akuluakulu a monolithic. Apo ayi, wina adzapanga zoikamo pamanja, kuiwala za malangizo otumizira - ndipo chifukwa chake, popanga zoikamo zidzatayika ndipo chirichonse chidzagwa.
Nthawi zambiri timagwira ntchito ndi kasitomala kudzera mu mgwirizano, ndipo pakadali pano zokonda zathu zimasiyana pang'ono. Makasitomala amayang'ana pulojekitiyo mosamalitsa mkati mwa bajeti ndi mafotokozedwe aukadaulo. Zingakhale zovuta kumufotokozera ubwino wa machitidwe osiyanasiyana a DevOps omwe sali nawo muzolemba zamakono. Nanga bwanji ngati akufuna kutulutsa mwachangu ndi mtengo wowonjezera wabizinesi, kapena kupanga mapaipi opangira makina?
Tsoka, pogwira ntchito ndi mtengo wovomerezedwa kale, chidwi ichi sichipezeka nthawi zonse. Muzochita zathu, panali vuto pamene tinayenera kutenga chitukuko cha kontrakitala wosakhulupirika komanso wosasamala. Zinali zoipa: kunalibe magwero aposachedwa, ma code maziko a makina omwewo anali osiyana pamakhazikitsidwe osiyanasiyana, zolembedwazo zinalibebe, ndipo zina zinali zabwino kwambiri. Inde, kasitomala analibe ulamuliro pa gwero code, msonkhano, kumasulidwa, etc.
Pakalipano, si aliyense amene akudziwa za DevOps, koma tikangolankhula za ubwino wake, za kusunga ndalama zenizeni, maso a makasitomala onse amawunikira. Chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa zopempha zomwe zikuphatikiza DevOps zikuchulukira pakapita nthawi. Pano, kuti tilankhule chinenero chomwecho mosavuta ndi makasitomala, tifunika kulumikiza mwamsanga mavuto a bizinesi ndi machitidwe a DevOps omwe angathandize kumanga payipi yoyenera yachitukuko.
Chifukwa chake, tili ndi mavuto ambiri kumbali imodzi, tili ndi chidziwitso cha DevOps, machitidwe ndi zida zina. Bwanji osauza aliyense zimene zinachitikazo?
Kupanga omanga a DevOps
Agile ali ndi manifesto yake. ITIL ili ndi njira yakeyake. DevOps ilibe mwayi - sinapezebe ma tempuleti ndi miyezo. Ngakhale kudziwa kukula kwamakampani potengera kuwunika kwa chitukuko ndi machitidwe awo.
Mwamwayi, odziwika bwino kampani Gartner mu 2014 ndikusanthula machitidwe ofunikira a DevOps ndi maubale pakati pawo. Kutengera izi, ndidatulutsa infographic:
Tinazitenga ngati maziko athu . Chilichonse mwa madera anayiwa chili ndi zida - tidazisonkhanitsa m'dawunilodi, tidazindikira zodziwika kwambiri, zodziwika bwino zophatikizira ndi njira zoyenera kukhathamiritsa. Zonse zinapezeka 36 machitidwe ndi zida 115, kotala yomwe ili yotsegula kapena mapulogalamu aulere. Kenaka, tidzakambirana zomwe tapindula m'dera lililonse ndipo, mwachitsanzo, momwe izi zinagwiritsidwira ntchito mu polojekitiyi kuti tipange kasamalidwe ka zolemba zamakono, zomwe tinayambitsa positi.
Njira
Mu pulojekiti yodziwika bwino ya EDMS, ndondomeko yoyendetsera zolemba zamakono inagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi dongosolo lomwelo pa chilichonse cha zinthu za 10. Kuyikaku kumaphatikizapo ma seva 4: seva ya database, seva yogwiritsira ntchito, zolemba zonse ndi kasamalidwe kazinthu. Pakuyika, amagwira ntchito mkati mwa node imodzi ndipo amakhala mu data center pazipatala. Zinthu zonse zimasiyana pang'ono muzomangamanga, koma izi sizimasokoneza mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi.
Choyamba, molingana ndi machitidwe a DevOps, tidapanga zopangira zokha kwanuko, kenako tidabweretsa zobweretsazo kudera loyesa, kenako kuzinthu zamakasitomala. Njira iliyonse idakonzedwa pang'onopang'ono. Zokonda zachilengedwe zimakhazikitsidwa mu dongosolo la code source, poganizira zomwe zida zogawa zimapangidwira kuti zisinthidwe. Pakasintha masinthidwe, mainjiniya amangofunika kusintha koyenera kumayendedwe owongolera - ndiyeno zosintha zokha zidzachitika popanda mavuto.
Chifukwa cha njirayi, njira yoyesera yakhala yophweka kwambiri. M'mbuyomu, polojekitiyi inali ndi oyesa omwe sanachite kalikonse koma zosintha pamanja. Tsopano amangobwera, akuwona kuti zonse zikuyenda komanso kuchita zinthu zothandiza. Zosintha zilizonse zimayesedwa zokha - kuchokera pamtunda kupita kuzinthu zamabizinesi. Zotsatira zimayikidwa ngati malipoti osiyana mu TestRail.
Chikhalidwe
Kuyesera kosalekeza kumafotokozedwa bwino kudzera mu chitsanzo cha kupanga mayeso. Kuyesa dongosolo lomwe kulibe ndi ntchito yolenga. Polemba ndondomeko yoyesera, muyenera kumvetsetsa momwe mungayesere molondola ndi nthambi ziti zomwe muyenera kutsatira. Komanso pezani malire pakati pa nthawi ndi bajeti kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa macheke. Ndikofunikira kusankha ndendende mayeso ofunikira, ganizirani momwe wogwiritsa ntchito angagwirizanitse ndi dongosolo, ganizirani chilengedwe ndi zinthu zomwe zingatheke kunja. Ndizosatheka kuchita popanda kuyesa kosalekeza.
Tsopano za chikhalidwe cha kuyanjana. Poyamba, panali mbali ziwiri zotsutsana - mainjiniya ndi omanga. Madivelopa anati: "Sitikusamala momwe idzayambitsire. Ndinu mainjiniya, ndinu anzeru, onetsetsani kuti imagwira ntchito popanda zolephera ". Mainjiniya anayankha kuti: βInu madivelopa ndinu osasamala. Tisamale kwambiri, ndipo timasewera zomwe mwatulutsa pafupipafupi. Chifukwa nthawi zonse mukamatipatsa code yotayikira, sizimamveka bwino kwa ife momwe timalumikizirana. β. Iyi ndi nkhani yokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe yomwe imapangidwa mosiyana ndi momwe DevOps amaonera. Pano, onse opanga makina ndi omanga ndi gawo la gulu limodzi lomwe limayang'ana pakusintha kosalekeza, koma nthawi yomweyo mapulogalamu odalirika.
M'gulu lomwelo, akatswiri atsimikiza mtima kuthandizana. Monga kale? Mwachitsanzo, malangizo ena amtundu wa kutumizidwa anali kukonzedwa, pafupifupi masamba 50. Wopanga injiniyo anaiΕ΅erenga, osamvetsa kanthu kena, anatemberera ndipo anafunsa woyambitsayo XNUMX koloko mβmaΕ΅a kuti ayankhepo. Wopanga ndemangayo adayankha komanso kutemberera - pamapeto pake, palibe amene adakondwera. Komanso, mwachibadwa, panali zolakwika zina, chifukwa simungathe kukumbukira zonse zomwe zili mu malangizowo. Ndipo tsopano injiniya, pamodzi ndi wopanga mapulogalamu, akulemba script kuti agwiritse ntchito makina opangira mapulogalamu. Ndipo amalankhulana pafupifupi mβchinenero chimodzi.
anthu
Kukula kwa gulu kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kukula kwa zosintha. Gululo limatengedwa panthawi yopanga zoperekera, kuphatikizapo omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi gulu lonse la polojekiti. Kenaka ndondomeko yosinthira imalembedwa ndi omwe ali ndi udindo pa gawo lililonse, ndipo gulu limapereka lipoti pamene likupita patsogolo. Mamembala onse amagulu amatha kusinthana. Monga gawo la gululi, tilinso ndi wopanga zosunga zobwezeretsera, koma pafupifupi safunikira kulumikizana.
umisiri
Mu chithunzi chaukadaulo, mfundo zingapo zikuwunikira, koma pansi pawo pali gulu laukadaulo - mutha kusindikiza buku lonse ndi mafotokozedwe awo. Chifukwa chake tiwonetsa chidwi kwambiri.
Infrastructure ngati Code
Tsopano, mwina, lingaliro ili silingadabwitse aliyense, koma m'mbuyomu mafotokozedwe a zomangamanga adasiya kufunidwa. , malo oyeserera anali apadera, anali okondedwa komanso okondedwa, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tidawomberedwa pa iwo.
Masiku ano palibe amene amaopa kuyesa. Pali zithunzi zoyambira zamakina owoneka bwino, pali zochitika zokonzeka zotumizira malo. Ma templates onse ndi zolemba zimasungidwa mudongosolo lowongolera ndipo zimasinthidwa mwachangu. Poyamba, pamene kunali kofunikira kupereka phukusi ku choyimilira, kusiyana kwa kasinthidwe kunawonekera. Tsopano mukungofunika kuwonjezera mzere ku code source.
Kuphatikiza pa zolemba za zomangamanga ndi mapaipi, Documentation ngati njira ya Code imagwiritsidwanso ntchito polemba. Chifukwa cha izi, n'zosavuta kugwirizanitsa anthu atsopano ku polojekitiyi, kuwadziwitsa kachitidwe kutengera ntchito zomwe zafotokozedwa, mwachitsanzo, mu ndondomeko yoyesera, komanso kugwiritsanso ntchito milandu yoyesera.
Kutumiza ndi kuwunika mosalekeza
za DevOps, tidakambirana za momwe tidasankhira zida zogwirira ntchito mosalekeza ndikuwunika. Nthawi zambiri palibe chifukwa cholemberanso chilichonse - ndikwanira kugwiritsa ntchito zolembedwa zolembedwa kale, kumanga bwino kuphatikizana pakati pazigawo ndikupanga kontrakitala wamba. Ndipo njira zonse zitha kukhazikitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito batani limodzi kapena ndandanda.
M'Chingerezi pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana, Kutumiza Kopitiriza ndi Kutumiza Kopitiriza. Zonsezi zikhoza kumasuliridwa kuti "kutumiza mosalekeza", koma kwenikweni pali kusiyana pang'ono pakati pawo. Mu pulojekiti yathu yoyendetsera chikalata chaukadaulo chamakampani ogawa mphamvu, m'malo mwake, Kutumiza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito - kuyika kwa kupanga kumachitika polamula. Mu Kutumiza, kukhazikitsa kumachitika zokha. Kutumiza mosalekeza mu pulojekitiyi kwakhala nthawi zambiri gawo lapakati la DevOps.
Nthawi zambiri, posonkhanitsa magawo ena, mutha kumvetsetsa bwino chifukwa chake machitidwe a DevOps ali othandiza. Ndipo perekani izi kwa oyang'anira, omwe amakonda kwambiri manambala. Chiwerengero chonse cha kukhazikitsidwa, nthawi yoperekera magawo a script, gawo la kukhazikitsidwa bwino - zonsezi zimakhudza mwachindunji nthawi yomwe aliyense amakonda kuti agulitse, ndiye kuti, nthawi yoyambira kudzipereka kumayendedwe owongolera mpaka kutulutsidwa kwa mtundu pa kupanga chilengedwe. Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa zida zofunika, akatswiri amalandira zizindikiro zamtengo wapatali ndi makalata, ndipo woyang'anira polojekiti amawawona pa dashboard. Mwanjira iyi mutha kuwunika mwachangu phindu la zida zatsopano. Ndipo mutha kuwayesa pazomanga zanu pogwiritsa ntchito wopanga wa DevOps.
Amene adzafuna wathu ?
Tisayerekeze: poyambira, adakhala wothandiza kwa ife. Monga tanenera kale, muyenera kulankhula chinenero chomwecho ndi kasitomala, ndipo mothandizidwa ndi wopanga DevOps tikhoza kufotokoza mwamsanga maziko a zokambirana zoterezi. Akatswiri azamalonda azitha kudziyesa okha zomwe amafunikira ndipo motero amakula mwachangu. Tidayesetsa kupanga wopangayo mwatsatanetsatane momwe tingathere, ndikuwonjezera mafotokozedwe ambiri kuti wogwiritsa ntchito amvetsetse zomwe akusankha.
Mawonekedwe a wopanga amakulolani kuti muganizire zomwe kampani ikuchita pomanga ndi zodzichitira. Palibe chifukwa chogwetsa chilichonse ndikuchimanganso ngati mutha kusankha njira zomwe zimagwirizana bwino ndi njira zomwe zilipo komanso zomwe zingangodzaza mipata.
Mwina chitukuko chanu chapita kale kumtunda wapamwamba ndipo chida chathu chidzawoneka ngati "kapitawo". Koma timaona kuti nβzothandiza kwa ife eni ndipo tikukhulupirira kuti zikhala zothandiza kwa ena mwa owerenga. Timakukumbutsani kwa wopanga - ngati pali chilichonse, mumalandira chithunzicho mutangolowa mu data yoyamba. Tidzayamikira ndemanga zanu ndi zowonjezera.
Source: www.habr.com