Pa Novembara 27, 1923, akatswiri pawayilesi aku America John L. Reinartz (1QP) ndi Fred H. Schnell (1MO) adalumikizana ndi wayilesi yaku France Leon Deloy (F8AB) pamtunda wamamita pafupifupi 100. Chochitikacho chidakhudza kwambiri chitukuko cha kayendedwe ka wailesi yapadziko lonse lapansi komanso kulumikizana ndi mawayilesi afupiafupi. Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zidapangitsa chipambano chinali kukonzanso kwa Schnell ndi Reinartz kwa Armstrong's regenerative radio receiver circuit. Zosinthazo zidakhala zopambana kotero kuti mayina "Schnell" ndi "Reinartz" adakhala mayina apanyumba pamapangidwe a olandila ofanana.
Anali Reinartz wamba ...
Wikipedia yodziwa zonse sinathe kundiuza chilichonse chokhudza John Reinartz. Nkhani ya m'mbiri imeneyi inalembedwa potsatira zofalitsa zomwazikana ndi anthu ochita masewera a pawailesi aku America, komanso zolemba zochokera mu Januwale magazini ya QST ya 1924 ndi zolemba 23-24 za magazini ya Radio Amateur ya 1926.
John Reinartz anabadwa pa March 6, 1894 ku Germany. Mu 1904, a Reinart anasamuka ku Germany kupita ku South Manchester, Connecticut, USA. Mu 1908, John anayamba kuchita chidwi ndi wailesi, ndipo mu 1915 anali mmodzi mwa anthu oyambirira kulowa mβbungwe la US National Association of Amateur Radio (ARRL).
Nthawi yodziwa mafunde a wailesi inali itayamba. Ma laboratories otsogola padziko lonse lapansi komanso okonda wamba anali kufunafuna njira zaukadaulo zolandirira mawayilesi ndi zida zotumizira mawayilesi. Monga ndidalemba kale m'nkhani zam'mbuyomu mndandanda, ma jenereta amagetsi amagetsi ndi ma crystal detectors adasinthidwa mwachangu ndi mayankho otengera machubu otsekemera.
Chimodzi mwa zotsogola za nthawi imeneyo chinali kupanga regenerative radio receiver. Yankho lake linali losavuta, lotsika mtengo, ndipo linapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kupanga chipangizo cholandirira wailesi yakutali pogwiritsa ntchito chubu chimodzi chokha chawailesi. Vuto linali mu kusintha kwa makina a malo a koyilo ya ndemanga. Kuchuluka kwa mafupipafupi olandirira, m'pamenenso "acute" izi zidakhala.
John Reinartz adasintha kwambiri dera la Armstrong poteteza mwamphamvu koyilo yoyankha. Kuchuluka kwa mayankho mu Reinartz Tuner kunasinthidwa pogwiritsa ntchito variable capacitor (VCA). Kuchepetsa "kuuma" kwa KPI zoikamo, zida vernier anagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mosiyana ndi Armstrong, yemwe adakhala moyo wake akutsutsa zovomerezeka ndi zofunika kwambiri, Reinartz adangosindikiza mapangidwe ake mu QST ya June 1921. Izi zinatsatiridwa ndi nkhani zina ziwiri zomwe zasintha.
Π Pali chitsanzo cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa Reinartz wolandila pa nyali imodzi:
... ndipo zinagwira ntchito mophweka ...
Tube circuitry imakopa chidwi ndi kukongola kolimba kwa mayankho ake aukadaulo. Chilichonse chili m'malo mwake, palibe chowonjezera.
M'nkhaniyo, ndinaganiza kuti ndisatchule zithunzi zochokera m'ma 20s a zaka za m'ma XNUMX, koma ndinatembenukira ku buku loyamba la "Young Radio Amateur" la Borisov. Umu ndi momwe amasonyezera mophweka komanso momveka bwino kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka cholandirira chachindunji pogwiritsa ntchito chubu chimodzi:
Tinakambirana za kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. Tiyeni tiwunikenso magwiridwe antchito a RcCc potengera ma amplifier atatu.
Dera la RcCc limatchedwa "gridlick" (kuchokera ku Chingerezi: grid leak), mothandizidwa ndi "grid kuzindikira" kumachitika, pamene amplifier pa nyali onse amazindikira chizindikiro ndikuchikulitsa.
Chithunzi (a) chikuwonetsa anode ya amplifier pomwe gridlick palibe. Tikuwona kuti chizindikiro cholowera chikukulitsidwa mwachindunji.
Pambuyo kuyatsa "gridick" mu gawo la gridi yowongolera, timawona ma ripples apano m'mabwalo a anode (graph b). Chotsekereza capacitor chimasefa magawo apamwamba kwambiri (graph c), ndipo timalandila ma audio pafupipafupi pama foni.
Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe Armstrong ndi Reinartz anachita ndi chiwembu ichi:
Armstrong adayambitsa koyilo yoyankha m'mabwalo a anode a amplifier. Ndi ndemanga zabwino, chizindikiro chochokera ku koyilo ya ndemanga chimawonjezeredwa ku chizindikiro mu coil ya resonant circuit. Mlingo wa ndemanga umasankhidwa kuti amplifier ali pafupi ndi kudzikonda, zomwe zimapereka mlingo waukulu wa kukulitsa chizindikiro cholowera.
Polandira mafunde afupiafupi, kukonza dera la Armstrong kuti lizigwira ntchito mumayendedwe osinthika kunali kovuta: kusuntha pang'ono kwa koyilo ya mayankho kunapangitsa kusintha kwakukulu pamagawo olandirira.
John Reinartz anathetsa vutolo pokonza malo achibale a ma coils L1 ndi L2 kotero kuti inductance yogwirizana pakati pawo ndi kusintha kwa ndemanga capacitance Cop kunali kokwanira kuti wolandirayo azigwira ntchito mumayendedwe osinthika mumitundu yambiri ya mafunde.
Kuti awonjezere kukhazikika kwa ntchito, choko cha Dr. chinayambika m'mabwalo a anode a nyali. Zinapereka kugwirizanitsa kwa maulendo apamwamba kwambiri a wolandira kuchokera kwa otsika kwambiri ndipo amasefedwa bwino gawo la mawailesi a wailesi kuchokera ku siginecha ya ma frequency a audio.
Kuti "atambasule" ma frequency ndi mayankho, ma vernies adagwiritsidwa ntchito - ma gearbox ochepetsa pakati pa mitsuko yosinthira ndi nkhwangwa za ma capacitor. Mayankho aukadaulowa adatsimikizira kusintha kosalala kwa mafupipafupi olandirira komanso, chofunikira kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa mayankho.
Pokonza wolandila ku wayilesi, mlingo woyankha unkakhazikitsidwa poyamba malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa phokoso la pamlengalenga. Wolandirayo, kwenikweni, adalowa mu "autodyne" mode, i.e. adayamba kugwira ntchito ngati wolandila heterodyne. Mukakonza ma frequency a station pankhaniyi, muluzu woyamba udawuka kuchokera ku kugunda kwachilengedwe komanso ma frequency onyamula. Motero, ntchito ya radiotelegraph (CW) inavomerezedwa.
Polandira mawayilesi owulutsa (AM), kuwongolera pafupipafupi kumapitilira mpaka "ziro zomenyera" zidapezeka, ndiyeno kuchuluka kwa mayankho kumachepetsedwa, ndikuwunika kwambiri mawu.
Mwa njira, chochititsa chidwi chinazindikirika: wolandira regenerative, atakonzedwa molakwika ku siteshoni, nthawi zambiri anayamba kusintha mafupipafupi ndi gawo la oscillations yake malinga ndi chizindikiro chonyamulira. Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kumeneku kunapangitsa kuti pakhale njira yolandirira yolumikizana.
... ngakhale sizinali zangwiro
Obwezeretsanso ali ndi ubwino wambiri komanso zovuta zingapo.
Ubwino umaphatikizapo chiΕ΅erengero chapamwamba chamtengo wapatali. Kuphatikiza apo, "okonzanso" adapereka kusinthasintha kwina kogwiritsidwa ntchito: adatsimikizira kulandilidwa kwa malo owulutsa mumayendedwe osinthika; mumbadwo wodziyimira pawokha, adagwira ntchito ngati olandila heterodyne, ndipo amatha kulandira ma radiotelegraph.
Choyipa chachikulu chinali kufunikira kosintha malingaliro pafupipafupi komanso ma radiation osafunikira a wolandila mumlengalenga. Kumbukirani za Vaska Taburetkin!
Nkhondo itatha, olandira otsitsimutsa anayamba kusinthidwa ndi olandira superheterodyne. Koma iyi ndi nkhani inaβ¦
Kuchokera kwa wolemba
Mβzaka za mβma 20, John Reinartz anaphunzira za kufalitsa kwa mafunde afupiafupi. Anapita ku Arctic expedition.
Kuyambira 1933 adagwira ntchito ku RCA.
Mu 1938 analowa usilikali wapamadzi ndipo anamaliza utumiki wake mu 1946 monga woyendetsa ndege.
Mu 1946 adabwerera kukagwira ntchito ku RCA.
Kuyambira 1949 adagwira ntchito ku Eimac.
Pa February 1, 1960, panachitika phwando lalikulu lokondwerera kupuma pantchito kwa Reinartz, momwe anthu ochita masewera otchuka oposa mazana awiri adachita nawo.
Anamwalira pa September 18, 1964.
Magwero ogwiritsidwa ntchito
1. "QST", 1924, No
2. "Radio Amateur", 1926, No. 23-24
3. Borisov V.G. Wachichepere wachichepere - M.: Gosenergoizdat, 1951
Zofalitsa zina mu mndandanda
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Source: www.habr.com