Monga mukudziwira, SAP imapereka mapulogalamu athunthu onse kuti asunge deta yotsatiridwa ndi kukonzanso deta iyi pofufuza ndi kulengeza machitidwe. Makamaka, nsanja ya SAP Business Warehouse (SAP BW) ndi chida chosungira ndikusanthula deta ndi luso lambiri. Pazabwino zake zonse, dongosolo la SAP BW lili ndi vuto limodzi lofunikira. Izi ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri zosungira ndi kukonza deta, makamaka zowoneka pogwiritsa ntchito mtambo SAP BW pa Hana.
Bwanji ngati mutayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zina zomwe si za SAP ndipo makamaka chinthu cha OpenSource ngati chosungira? Ife ku X5 Retail Group tinasankha GreenPlum. Izi, ndithudi, zimathetsa nkhani ya mtengo, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, nkhani zimayamba nthawi yomweyo zomwe zinathetsedwa pafupifupi mwachisawawa pogwiritsa ntchito SAP BW.
Makamaka, momwe mungatengere deta kuchokera kuzinthu zoyambira, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zothetsera SAP?
HR Metrics inali ntchito yoyamba yomwe inali yofunikira kuthetsa vutoli. Cholinga chathu chinali kupanga nkhokwe ya data ya HR ndikupanga malipoti owunikira pogwira ntchito ndi antchito. Pachifukwa ichi, gwero lalikulu la deta ndi SAP HCM transaction system, momwe antchito onse, mabungwe ndi malipiro amachitira.
Kuchotsa deta
Mu SAP BW pali ma data extractors a machitidwe a SAP. Ma extractors awa amatha kusonkhanitsa deta yofunikira, kuyang'anira kukhulupirika kwake, ndikuzindikira kusintha kwa deltas. Pano, mwachitsanzo, pali gwero lokhazikika lazowonetsa antchito 0EMPLOYEE_ATTR:
Zotsatira zakuchotsa deta kuchokera kwa wogwira ntchito m'modzi:
Ngati ndi kotheka, chotsitsa choterechi chikhoza kusinthidwa kuti chigwirizane ndi zomwe mukufuna kapena chotsitsa chanu chikhoza kupangidwa.
Lingaliro loyamba lomwe linalipo linali kuthekera kogwiritsanso ntchito. Tsoka ilo, iyi idakhala ntchito yosatheka. Zambiri mwamalingaliro zimayendetsedwa kumbali ya SAP BW, ndipo sikunali kotheka kulekanitsa mopanda chisoni chotsitsa kuchokera ku SAP BW.
Zinakhala zoonekeratu kuti tidzafunika kupanga njira zathu zopezera deta kuchokera ku machitidwe a SAP.
Kusungirako deta mu SAP HCM
Kuti timvetsetse zofunikira pa makina otere, choyamba tiyenera kudziwa zomwe tikufuna.
Zambiri mu SAP HCM zimasungidwa m'magome athyathyathya a SQL. Malingana ndi deta iyi, ntchito za SAP zikuwonetseratu zochitika za bungwe, antchito ndi zina za HR kwa wogwiritsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, izi ndi momwe dongosolo la bungwe likuwonekera mu SAP HCM:
Mwathupi, mtengo wotere umasungidwa m'magome awiri - muzinthu za hrp1000 ndi mu hrp1001 kulumikizana pakati pa zinthu izi.
Zinthu "Dipatimenti 1" ndi "Office 1":
Mgwirizano wa zinthu:
Pakhoza kukhala chiwerengero chachikulu cha mitundu yonse ya zinthu ndi mitundu yolumikizana pakati pawo. Pali kulumikizana kokhazikika pakati pa zinthu ndi zosinthidwa makonda pazosowa zanu zenizeni. Mwachitsanzo, ubale wanthawi zonse wa B012 pakati pa bungwe ndi udindo wanthawi zonse ukuwonetsa mutu wa dipatimenti.
Chiwonetsero cha manejala mu SAP:
Kusungira mu tebulo la database:
Deta ya ogwira ntchito imasungidwa pamatebulo pa *. Mwachitsanzo, deta yokhudzana ndi zochitika za ogwira ntchito ya wogwira ntchito imasungidwa pa tebulo pa0000
Tinaganiza kuti GreenPlum idzatenga deta "yaiwisi", i.e. ingowakoperani kuchokera ku matebulo a SAP. Ndipo mwachindunji ku GreenPlum adzasinthidwa ndikusinthidwa kukhala zinthu zakuthupi (mwachitsanzo, Dipatimenti kapena Wogwira Ntchito) ndi ma metrics (mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa mutu).
Pafupifupi matebulo a 70 adafotokozedwa, deta yomwe iyenera kusamutsidwa ku GreenPlum. Pambuyo pake tinayamba kupanga njira yotumizira deta iyi.
SAP imapereka njira zambiri zolumikizirana. Koma njira yophweka ndiyoti kupeza mwachindunji kwa database ndikoletsedwa chifukwa choletsa chilolezo. Chifukwa chake, njira zonse zophatikizira ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamlingo wa seva yofunsira.
Vuto lotsatira linali kusowa kwa deta yokhudzana ndi zolemba zochotsedwa mu SAP database. Mukachotsa mzere mu Nawonso achichepere, ndi thupi zichotsedwa. Iwo. kupanga kusintha kwa delta kutengera nthawi ya kusintha sikunali kotheka.
Inde, SAP HCM ili ndi njira zolembera kusintha kwa deta. Mwachitsanzo, pakusintha kotsatira kumakina olandila, pali zolozera zosintha zomwe zimalemba zosintha zilizonse komanso pamaziko omwe Idoc imapangidwira (chinthu chosinthira ku machitidwe akunja).
Chitsanzo cha IDoc chosintha infotype 0302 kwa wogwira ntchito ndi nambala 1251445:
Kapena kusunga zipika zakusintha kwa data patebulo la DBTABLOG.
Chitsanzo cha chipika chochotsa mbiri ndi kiyi QK53216375 patebulo la hrp1000:
Koma njirazi sizipezeka pazidziwitso zonse zofunika, ndipo kukonza kwawo pamlingo wa seva yogwiritsira ntchito kumatha kuwononga zinthu zambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuthandizira kwambiri kudula mitengo pamatebulo onse ofunikira kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa magwiridwe antchito.
Vuto lalikulu lotsatira linali matebulo ophatikizana. Kuyerekeza kwa nthawi ndi deta ya malipiro mu mtundu wa RDBMS wa SAP HCM amasungidwa ngati matebulo omveka kwa wogwira ntchito aliyense pa kuwerengera kulikonse. Magome omveka awa amasungidwa ngati data binary mu tebulo pcl2.
Malipiro Cluster:
Deta kuchokera ku matebulo osakanikirana sangathe kuonedwa ngati lamulo la SQL, koma amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito ma SAP HCM macros kapena ma modules apadera. Choncho, liwiro kuwerenga matebulo amenewa adzakhala otsika kwambiri. Kumbali ina, masango oterowo amasunga deta yomwe ikufunika kamodzi pamwezi - malipiro omaliza ndi kuyerekezera nthawi. Choncho liwiro mu nkhani iyi si kwambiri.
Kuwunika zosankha zopanga delta yakusintha kwa data, tidaganiza zoganiziranso mwayi wotsitsa kwathunthu. Kusankha kusamutsa ma gigabytes a data yosasinthika pakati pa machitidwe tsiku lililonse sikungawoneke bwino. Komabe, ilinso ndi zabwino zingapo - palibe chifukwa choti onse agwiritse ntchito delta kumbali yoyambira ndikukhazikitsa kuyika kwa delta iyi kumbali yolandila. Choncho, mtengo ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito zimachepetsedwa, ndipo kudalirika kwa kuphatikiza kumawonjezeka. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zinatsimikiziridwa kuti pafupifupi kusintha konse kwa SAP HR kumachitika mkati mwa miyezi itatu isanafike tsiku lamakono. Chifukwa chake, zidasankhidwa kusankha kutsitsa kwathunthu kwatsiku ndi tsiku kuchokera ku SAP HR N miyezi isanakwane tsiku lomwe lilipo komanso kutsitsa kwathunthu mwezi uliwonse. N parameter imadalira tebulo lapadera
ndi kuyambira 1 mpaka 15.
Chiwembu chotsatirachi chinaperekedwa kuti achotse deta:
Dongosolo lakunja limapanga pempho ndikulitumiza ku SAP HCM, komwe pempholi limayang'aniridwa kuti liwone kukwanira kwa deta ndi zilolezo zopezera matebulo. Ngati chekecho chikuyenda bwino, SAP HCM imayendetsa pulogalamu yomwe imasonkhanitsa deta yofunikira ndikuyitumiza ku Fuse integration solution. Fuse imasankha mutu wofunikira ku Kafka ndikusamutsa deta kumeneko. Kenako, deta yochokera ku Kafka imasamutsidwa kupita ku Stage Area GP.
Mu unyolo uwu, tili ndi chidwi ndi nkhani yochotsa deta kuchokera ku SAP HCM. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane.
Chithunzi cha SAP HCM-FUSE.
Dongosolo lakunja limasankha nthawi ya pempho lomaliza lopambana kwa SAP.
Ndondomekoyi ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi nthawi kapena chochitika china, kuphatikizapo nthawi yodikira kuyankha ndi deta kuchokera ku SAP ndikuyambitsa pempho lobwereza. Kenako imapanga pempho la delta ndikutumiza ku SAP.
Zopemphazo zimatumizidwa ku thupi mumtundu wa json.
Njira http: POST.
Funsani chitsanzo:
Utumiki wa SAP umayang'anira pempho lokwanira, kutsata ndondomeko yamakono ya SAP, ndi kupezeka kwa chilolezo chofikira pa tebulo lofunsidwa.
Pakakhala zolakwika, ntchitoyi imabwezera yankho ndi code yoyenera ndi kufotokozera. Ngati kuwongolera kukuyenda bwino, kumapanga njira yakumbuyo kuti ipange chitsanzo, imapanga ndikubwezeretsanso id yapadera yagawo.
Pakakhala cholakwika, dongosolo lakunja limalemba mu chipika. Poyankha bwino, imatumiza id ya gawoli ndi dzina la tebulo lomwe pempholo linapangidwa.
Dongosolo lakunja limalembetsa gawo lapano ngati lotseguka. Ngati pali magawo ena a tebulo ili, amatsekedwa ndi chenjezo lolembedwa.
Ntchito yakumbuyo ya SAP imapanga cholozera potengera magawo osankhidwa ndi paketi ya data ya kukula kwake. Kukula kwa batch ndi kuchuluka kwa zolemba zomwe ndondomeko imawerengedwa kuchokera ku database. Mwachikhazikitso, zimaganiziridwa kuti ndizofanana ndi 2000. Ngati pali zolemba zambiri mumndandanda wazithunzithunzi kuposa kukula kwa paketi yogwiritsidwa ntchito, mutatha kutumiza paketi yoyamba, chipika chotsatira chimapangidwa ndi chiwerengero chofanana ndi paketi yowonjezera. Ziwerengero zimachulukitsidwa ndi 1 ndikutumizidwa mosamalitsa motsatizana.
Kenaka, SAP imadutsa paketiyo monga chothandizira ku utumiki wa intaneti wa machitidwe akunja. Ndipo dongosolo limachita zowongolera pa paketi yomwe ikubwera. Gawo lokhala ndi id yolandiridwa liyenera kulembetsedwa mudongosolo ndipo liyenera kukhala lotseguka. Ngati phukusi nambala> 1, dongosolo ayenera kulemba chiphaso bwino wa phukusi lapita (package_id-1).
Ngati kuwongolera kukuyenda bwino, dongosolo lakunja limagawa ndikusunga deta ya tebulo.
Kuonjezera apo, ngati mbendera yomaliza ilipo mu phukusi ndipo kutsatizana kunapambana, gawo lophatikizana limadziwitsidwa za kumaliza bwino kwa gawoli ndipo gawoli limasintha gawoli.
Pakachitika cholakwika chowongolera / kugawa, cholakwikacho chimalowetsedwa ndipo mapaketi a gawoli adzakanidwa ndi dongosolo lakunja.
Momwemonso, mosiyana, pamene dongosolo lakunja libwezera cholakwika, limalowetsedwa ndipo kupatsirana kwa paketi kumayima.
Kupempha deta pa mbali ya SAP HΠ‘M, ntchito yophatikizana inakhazikitsidwa. Ntchitoyi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa ICF framework (SAP Internet Communication Framework - ). Zimakulolani kuti mufunse deta kuchokera ku SAP HCM system pogwiritsa ntchito matebulo enieni. Popanga pempho la deta, ndizotheka kufotokoza mndandanda wa minda yeniyeni ndi zosefera kuti mupeze deta yofunikira. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa ntchitoyo sikukutanthauza malingaliro abizinesi. Ma algorithms owerengera ma delta, magawo amafunso, kuyang'anira kukhulupirika, ndi zina zambiri amayikidwanso kumbali yakunja.
Makinawa amakulolani kusonkhanitsa ndi kutumiza zonse zofunika mu maola angapo. Kuthamanga kumeneku kuli pafupi ndi kuvomerezeka, kotero timawona yankho ili ngati lakanthawi kochepa, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kudzaza kufunikira kwa chida chochotsera pulojekitiyi.
Pachithunzichi, kuti athetse vuto la kuchotsa deta, zosankha zogwiritsira ntchito machitidwe a CDC monga Oracle Golden Gate kapena zida za ETL monga SAP DS zikufufuzidwa.
Source: www.habr.com