Elbrus VS Intel. Kuyerekeza magwiridwe antchito a Aerodisk Vostok ndi makina osungira Engine

Moni nonse. Tikupitiriza kukudziwitsani za Aerodisk VOSTOK data yosungirako, kutengera Russian Elbrus 8C purosesa.

M'nkhani ino ife (monga analonjezedwa) kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane mmodzi wa anthu otchuka ndi chidwi nkhani Elbrus, ndicho zokolola. Pali zongopeka zambiri pakuchita kwa Elbrus, komanso polar mwamtheradi. Pessimists amanena kuti zokolola za Elbrus tsopano ndi "palibe", ndipo zidzatenga zaka makumi angapo kuti zigwirizane ndi opanga "pamwamba" (ie, mu zenizeni zamakono, ayi). Komano, optimists amanena kuti Elbrus 8C kale kusonyeza zotsatira zabwino, ndipo m'zaka zingapo zotsatira, ndi kumasulidwa kwa mapurosesa atsopano (Elbrus 16C ndi 32C), tidzatha "kugwira ndi kuwapeza" otsogola padziko lonse lapansi opanga mapurosesa.

Ife ku Aerodisk ndife anthu othandiza, choncho tinatenga njira yosavuta komanso yomveka (kwa ife): kuyesa, kulemba zotsatira ndikungopeza mfundo. Zotsatira zake, tidayesa mayeso ochulukirapo ndipo tidapeza zinthu zingapo zamapangidwe a Elbrus 8C e2k (kuphatikiza osangalatsa) ndipo, zowonadi, tidafanizira izi ndi makina osungira ofanana pa Intel Xeon amd64 processors.

Mwa njira, tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane za mayesero, zotsatira ndi chitukuko chamtsogolo cha makina osungiramo zinthu pa Elbrus pa webusaiti yathu yotsatira "OkoloIT" pa October 15.10.2020, 15 nthawi ya 00:XNUMX. Mukhoza kulembetsa pogwiritsa ntchito ulalo womwe uli pansipa.

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benchi yoyesera

Tapanga maimidwe awiri. Maimidwe onsewa amakhala ndi seva yomwe imayendetsa Linux, yolumikizidwa kudzera pa 16G FC masinthidwe owongolera awiri, momwe ma disks 12 SAS SSD 960 GB amayikidwa (11,5 TB ya "yaiwisi" kapena 5,7 TB ya "usable", ngati tigwiritsa ntchito RAID. -10).

Mwadongosolo maimidwe amawoneka chonchi.

Stand No. 1 e2k (Elbrus)

Kukonzekera kwa hardware kuli motere:

• Seva ya Linux (2xIntel Xeon E5-2603 v4 (6 cores, 1,70Ghz), 64 GB DDR4, 2xFC adaputala 16G 2 madoko) - 1 pc.
• Sinthani FC 16 G - 2 ma PC.
• Kusungirako dongosolo Aerodisk Vostok 2-E12 (2xElbrus 8C (8 mitima, 1,20Ghz), 32 GB DDR3, 2xFE FC-adaputala 16G 2 doko, 12xSAS SSD 960 GB) - 1 pc.

Stand No. 2 amd64 (Intel)

Poyerekeza ndi kasinthidwe kofananako pa e2k, tidagwiritsa ntchito kusungirako komweko ndi purosesa yofanana ndi mawonekedwe a amd64:

• Seva ya Linux (2xIntel Xeon E5-2603 v4 (6 cores, 1,70Ghz), 64 GB DDR4, 2xFC adaputala 16G 2 madoko) - 1 pc.
• Sinthani FC 16 G - 2 ma PC.
• Njira yosungirako Aerodisk Engine N2 (2xIntel Xeon E5-2603 v4 (6 cores, 1,70Ghz), 32 GB DDR4, 2xFE FC-adapter 16G 2 doko, 12xSAS SSD 960 GB) - 1 pc.

Chofunika kwambiri: mapurosesa a Elbrus 8C omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa amathandizira DDR3 RAM yokha, izi ndi "zoyipa, koma osati kwa nthawi yayitali." Elbrus 8SV (tilibe nayo m'sitolo, koma tidzakhala nayo posachedwa) imathandizira DDR4.

Njira yoyesera

Kuti tipange katunduyo, tidagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yotchuka komanso yoyesedwa nthawi ya Flexible IO (FIO).

Zosungirako zonse ziwiri zimakonzedwa molingana ndi malingaliro athu a kasinthidwe, malingana ndi zofunikira kuti tigwire bwino ntchito pa block access, kotero timagwiritsa ntchito maiwe a disk a DDP (Dynamic Disk Pool). Kuti tisasokoneze zotsatira zoyesa, timaletsa kukakamiza, kutsitsa ndi cache ya RAM pamakina onse osungira.

8 D-LUNs adapangidwa mu RAID-10, 500 GB iliyonse, yokhala ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito ya 4 TB (ie, pafupifupi 70% ya mphamvu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakukonzekera uku).

Zochitika zoyambira komanso zodziwika zogwiritsira ntchito makina osungira zidzachitidwa, makamaka:

mayesero awiri oyambirira amatsanzira ntchito ya DBMS yogulitsa. Pagulu la mayesowa tili ndi chidwi ndi IOPS ndi latency.

1) Kuwerenga mwachisawawa mu midadada yaying'ono 4k
a. Kukula kwa block = 4k
b. Werengani/Lembani = 100%/0%
c. Chiwerengero cha ntchito = 8
d. Kuzama kwa mzere = 32
e. Katundu wamakhalidwe = Full Random

2) Kujambulira mwachisawawa mu midadada yaying'ono 4k
a. Kukula kwa block = 4k
b. Werengani/Lembani = 0%/100%
c. Chiwerengero cha ntchito = 8
d. Kuzama kwa mzere = 32
e. Katundu wamakhalidwe = Full Random

mayesero awiri achiwiri amatsanzira ntchito ya gawo lowunikira la DBMS. Mgulu la mayesowa tilinso ndi chidwi ndi IOPS ndi latency.

3) Kuwerenga motsatizana mu midadada yaying'ono 4k
a. Kukula kwa block = 4k
b. Werengani/Lembani = 100%/0%
c. Chiwerengero cha ntchito = 8
d. Kuzama kwa mzere = 32
e. Katundu wamakhalidwe = Zotsatizana

4) Kujambulira motsatizana mu midadada yaying'ono 4k
a. Kukula kwa block = 4k
b. Werengani/Lembani = 0%/100%
c. Chiwerengero cha ntchito = 8
d. Kuzama kwa mzere = 32
e. Katundu wamakhalidwe = Zotsatizana

Gulu lachitatu la mayeso limatsanzira ntchito yowerengera (mwachitsanzo: kuwulutsa pa intaneti, kubwezeretsa zosunga zobwezeretsera) ndikujambulitsa (mwachitsanzo: kuyang'anira makanema, kujambula zosunga zobwezeretsera). Mu gulu la mayeso ili, sitilinso ndi chidwi ndi IOPS, koma MB/s komanso latency.

5) Kuwerenga motsatizana mu midadada yayikulu ya 128k
a. Kukula kwa block = 128k
b. Werengani/Lembani = 0%/100%
c. Chiwerengero cha ntchito = 8
d. Kuzama kwa mzere = 32
e. Katundu wamakhalidwe = Zotsatizana

6) Kujambula motsatizana muzitsulo zazikulu za 128k
a. Kukula kwa block = 128k
b. Werengani/Lembani = 0%/100%
c. Chiwerengero cha ntchito = 8
d. Kuzama kwa mzere = 32
e. Katundu wamakhalidwe = Zotsatizana

Chiyeso chilichonse chimatenga ola limodzi, kupatula nthawi yotenthetsera ya mphindi 7.

Zotsatira zakuyesa

Zotsatira za mayeso akufupikitsidwa m'magome awiri.

Elbrus 8S (SHD Aerodisk Vostok 2-E12)

Intel Xeon E5-2603 v4 (Storage system Aerodisk Engine N2)

Zotsatira zake zidakhala zosangalatsa kwambiri. Pazochitika zonsezi, tinagwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu yosungiramo zinthu zosungirako (70-90% kugwiritsa ntchito), ndipo panthawiyi, ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mapurosesa onsewa zikuwonekera bwino.

M'matebulo onse awiri, mayesero omwe ma processor "amadzidalira" ndikuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino amawonekera mu zobiriwira, pamene zochitika zomwe mapurosesa "sakonda" amawonekera mu lalanje.

Ngati tilankhula za katundu wachisawawa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, ndiye:

• kuchokera pamalingaliro owerengera mwachisawawa, Intel alidi patsogolo pa Elbrus, kusiyana ndi nthawi 2;
• kuchokera kumalo ojambulira mwachisawawa ndizojambula, mapurosesa onsewa adawonetsa zotsatira zofanana komanso zabwino.

Pakuchulukirachulukira mu midadada yaying'ono chithunzicho ndi chosiyana:

• powerenga ndi kulemba, Intel ali kwambiri (2 nthawi) patsogolo Elbrus. Pa nthawi yomweyi, ngati Elbrus ali ndi chizindikiro cha IOPS chotsika kuposa cha Intel, koma chikuwoneka bwino (200-300 zikwi), ndiye kuti pali vuto lodziwikiratu ndi kuchedwa (ndipo katatu kuposa Intel). Pomaliza, mtundu waposachedwa wa Elbrus 8C kwenikweni "simakonda" katundu wotsatizana m'midadada yaying'ono. Mwachionekere pali ntchito ina yofunika kuchitidwa.

Koma pamtolo wotsatizana wokhala ndi midadada yayikulu, chithunzicho ndichosiyana ndendende:

• mapurosesa onse adawonetsa zotsatira zofanana mu MB/s, koma pali imodzi KOMA.... Kuchita kwa latency kwa Elbrus ndi 10 (khumi, Karl !!!) nthawi zabwino (i.e. kutsika) kuposa purosesa yofanana kuchokera ku Intel (0,4 / 0,5 ms motsutsana ndi 5,1 / 6,5 ms) . Poyamba tinkaganiza kuti ndi glitch, kotero tidayang'ananso zotsatira, tinayesanso, koma obwereza adawonetsa chithunzi chomwecho. Uwu ndi mwayi waukulu wa Elbrus (komanso kamangidwe ka e2k) pa Intel (ndipo, molingana ndi kamangidwe ka amd64). Tiye tikuyembekeza kuti kupambana kumeneku kupitirire patsogolo.

Palinso chinthu china chochititsa chidwi cha Elbrus, chomwe wowerenga mwachidwi akhoza kumvetsera mwa kuyang'ana patebulo. Mukayang'ana kusiyana pakati pa kuwerenga ndi kulemba kwa Intel, ndiye kuti m'mayeso onse, kuwerenga kuli patsogolo polemba pafupifupi 50% +. Izi ndi zomwe aliyense (kuphatikiza ife) amazolowera. Ngati muyang'ana pa Elbrus, zizindikiro zolembera zili pafupi kwambiri ndi zizindikiro zowerengera; kuwerenga kuli patsogolo pa kulemba, monga lamulo, ndi 10 - 30%, osatinso.

Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Mfundo yakuti Elbrus "amakondadi" kulemba, ndipo izi, zikusonyeza kuti purosesa iyi idzakhala yothandiza kwambiri pa ntchito zomwe kulemba kumamveka bwino powerenga (ndani adati lamulo la Yarovaya?), Umenenso ndi mwayi wosakayikitsa e2k zomangamanga, ndi ubwino uwu uyenera kupangidwa.

Mapeto ndi tsogolo lapafupi

Mayesero oyerekeza a Elbrus ndi Intel apakati-osiyanasiyana mapurosesa kwa ntchito yosungirako deta anasonyeza pafupifupi ofanana ndi ofanana woyenera zotsatira, pamene purosesa aliyense anasonyeza mbali zake zosangalatsa.

Intel adapambana kwambiri Elbrus powerenga mwachisawawa m'timagulu ting'onoting'ono, komanso powerenga motsatizana ndi kulemba m'miyala yaying'ono.

Polemba mwachisawawa muzitsulo zing'onozing'ono, mapurosesa onsewa amasonyeza zotsatira zofanana.

Pankhani ya latency, Elbrus amawoneka bwino kwambiri kuposa Intel pamtundu wotsatsira, i.e. powerenga motsatizana ndi kulemba m’mabolodi akulu akulu.

Kuphatikiza apo, Elbrus, mosiyana ndi Intel, amalimbana bwino ndi zonse zowerenga ndi kulemba, pomwe ndi Intel, kuwerenga kumakhala kwabwinoko kuposa kulemba.
Kutengera zotsatira zomwe tapeza, titha kunena motsimikiza za kugwiritsa ntchito makina osungiramo data a Aerodisk Vostok pa purosesa ya Elbrus 8C muntchito zotsatirazi:

• machitidwe azidziwitso okhala ndi ntchito zambiri zolembera;
• kupeza mafayilo;
• zowulutsa pa intaneti;
• CCTV;
• zosunga zobwezeretsera;
• media media.

Gulu la MCST likadali ndi ntchito, koma zotsatira za ntchito yawo zikuwonekera kale, zomwe, ndithudi, sizingasangalale.

Mayesowa adachitidwa pa Linux kernel ya e2k version 4.19; pakali pano mayesero a beta (mu MCST, Basalt SPO, komanso kuno ku Aerodisk) pali Linux kernel 5.4-e2k, yomwe, mwa zina, ili nayo. adakonzedwanso mozama komanso kukhathamiritsa kwa ma drive othamanga kwambiri. Komanso, makamaka ma maso a nthambi ya 5.x.x, MCST JSC imatulutsa compiler yatsopano ya LCC, mtundu 1.25. Malinga ndi zotsatira zoyambira, pa purosesa yomweyo ya Elbrus 8C, kernel yatsopano yopangidwa ndi chojambulira chatsopano, malo a kernel, zida zamakina ndi malaibulale, ndipo, pulogalamu ya Aerodisk VOSTOK idzalola kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa magwiridwe antchito. Ndipo izi ndizopanda kusintha zida - pa purosesa yomweyo komanso ma frequency omwewo.

Tikuyembekeza kutulutsidwa kwa mtundu wa Aerodisk VOSTOK wozikidwa pa kernel 5.4 chakumapeto kwa chaka, ndipo ntchito yatsopano ikangotha, tidzasintha zotsatira zake ndikuzisindikizanso pano.

Ngati tibwereranso kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyi ndikuyankha funsoli, ndani akulondola: osakhulupirira omwe amati Elbrus "palibe kanthu" ndipo sangakumane ndi opanga mapurosesa otsogola, kapena okhulupirira omwe amati "atsala pang'ono kugwidwa. ndipo posachedwa adzabwera"? Ngati sitichokera kumalingaliro ndi tsankho lachipembedzo, koma kuchokera ku mayeso enieni, ndiye kuti omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo ali olondola.

Elbrus ikuwonetsa kale zotsatira zabwino poyerekeza ndi mapurosesa amd64 amkatikati. Elbrus 8-ke, ndithudi, ili kutali ndi zitsanzo zapamwamba kwambiri za ma processor a seva kuchokera ku Intel kapena AMD, koma sizinali zolunjika kumeneko; mapurosesa 16C ndi 32C adzamasulidwa pachifukwa ichi. Ndiye tikambirana.

Tikumvetsetsa kuti pambuyo pankhaniyi pakhala mafunso ochulukirapo okhudza Elbrus, chifukwa chake tidaganiza zopanga makina ena apaintaneti "OkoloIT" kuti tiyankhe mafunsowa pompopompo.

Nthawi ino mlendo wathu adzakhala Wachiwiri kwa Director General wa kampani ya MCST, Konstantin Trushkin. Mutha kulembetsa ku webinar pogwiritsa ntchito ulalo womwe uli pansipa.

→ Kulembetsa kwa webinar

Zikomo nonse, monga nthawi zonse, tikuyembekezera kutsutsidwa kolimbikitsa komanso mafunso osangalatsa.

Source: www.habr.com