Lero tikambirana zaukadaulo wosangalatsa womwe wakhazikitsidwa mu Unity / Unity XT yosungirako - FAST VP. Ngati ino ndi nthawi yanu yoyamba kumva za Umodzi, ndiye kuti mutha kuyang'ana mawonekedwe adongosolo pogwiritsa ntchito ulalo womwe uli kumapeto kwa nkhaniyi. Ndinagwira ntchito pa FAST VP pa gulu la polojekiti ya Dell EMC kwa chaka chimodzi. Lero ndikufuna kulankhula za teknolojiyi mwatsatanetsatane ndikuwulula tsatanetsatane wa kukhazikitsidwa kwake. Inde, okhawo omwe amaloledwa kuwululidwa. Ngati muli ndi chidwi ndi nkhani zosungira bwino deta kapena simunamvetsetse bwino zolembazo, ndiye kuti nkhaniyi idzakhala yothandiza komanso yosangalatsa.
Ndikuuzani nthawi yomweyo zomwe sizikhala muzinthuzo. Sipadzakhala kusaka kwa omwe akupikisana nawo ndikufananiza nawo. Sindikukonzekeranso kulankhula za matekinoloje ofanana kuchokera kugwero lotseguka, chifukwa wowerenga chidwi amadziwa kale za iwo. Ndipo, ndithudi, ine sindilengeza chirichonse.
Kusungirako Gawo. Zolinga ndi zolinga za FAST VP
FAST VP imayimira Fully Automated Storage Tiering for Virtual Pool. Zovuta pang'ono? Palibe vuto, tilingalira tsopano. Tiering ndi njira yokonzekera kusungirako deta momwe muli magawo angapo (tiers) kumene deta iyi imasungidwa. Iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake. Chofunika kwambiri: magwiridwe antchito, kuchuluka ndi mtengo wosungira chidziwitso cha chidziwitso. Inde, pali ubale pakati pawo.
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha tiering ndi chakuti kupeza deta kumaperekedwa mofanana mosasamala kanthu za malo osungiramo omwe alipo panopa, ndipo kukula kwa dziwe ndi kofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zikuphatikizidwamo. Apa ndipamene kusiyana kwa cache kuli: kukula kwa cache sikukuwonjezedwa ku chiwerengero chonse cha gwero (dziwe pakali pano), ndipo deta ya cache imabwereza chigawo china cha deta yayikulu (kapena idzabwereza ngati deta yochokera ku cache sinalembedwebe). Komanso, kugawidwa kwa deta ndi milingo kumabisika kwa wogwiritsa ntchito. Ndiko kuti, sakuwona ndendende zomwe deta ili pamlingo uliwonse, ngakhale kuti akhoza kukhudza izi mwa kukhazikitsa ndondomeko (zambiri pa iwo pambuyo pake).
Tsopano tiyeni tiwone mawonekedwe a kukhazikitsidwa kwa tiering yosungira mu Umodzi. Umodzi uli ndi magawo atatu, kapena tier:
- Kuchita Kwambiri (SSDs)
- Kuchita (SAS HDD 10k/15k RPM)
- Kuthekera (NL-SAS HDD 7200 RPM)
Amaperekedwa mu dongosolo lotsika la magwiridwe antchito ndi mtengo. Kuchita kwakukulu kumaphatikizapo ma drive a solid state (SSDs). Magawo awiri ena amaphatikiza maginito a disk drive, omwe amasiyana pa liwiro lozungulira komanso, momwemo, magwiridwe antchito.
Zosungirako zosungirako kuchokera pamlingo womwewo ndi kukula kwake zikuphatikizidwa kukhala gulu la RAID, kupanga gulu la RAID (gulu la RAID, lofupikitsidwa monga RG); Mutha kuwerenga za magawo omwe alipo komanso ovomerezeka a RAID pazolembedwa zovomerezeka. Maiwe osungira amapangidwa kuchokera kumagulu a RAID kuchokera kumagulu amodzi kapena angapo, pomwe malo aulere amagawidwa. Ndipo kuchokera ku dziwe danga laperekedwa kwa mafayilo amafayilo ndi ma LUNs.
Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika Tiering?
Mwachidule komanso mwachidule: kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zazikulu pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochepa. Mwachindunji, zotsatira zake nthawi zambiri zimamveka ngati mawonekedwe a machitidwe osungira - liwiro ndi nthawi yofikira, mtengo wosungira, ndi zina. Zochepa zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zimatanthauza ndalama zochepa: ndalama, mphamvu, ndi zina zotero. FAST VP imagwiritsa ntchito njira zogawiranso deta m'magulu osiyanasiyana mu Unity/Unity XT yosungirako. Ngati mukundikhulupirira, mutha kudumpha ndime yotsatira. Kwa ena, ndikuwuzani pang'ono.
Kugawa koyenera kwa data pamagawo onse osungira kumakupatsani mwayi wopulumutsa pamtengo wonse wosungirako popereka liwiro lofikira kuzinthu zina zomwe sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito posuntha zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi kupita ku media mwachangu. Apa wina angatsutse kuti ngakhale popanda kuwerengera, woyang'anira wabwinobwino amadziwa komwe angayike deta, ndi mikhalidwe yotani yofunikira yosungiramo ntchito yake, ndi zina zambiri. Izi ndi zoona, koma kugawa pamanja deta kuli ndi zovuta zake:
- amafuna nthawi ndi chidwi cha woyang'anira;
- Sizingatheke nthawi zonse "kujambulanso" zosungirako kuti zigwirizane ndi kusintha;
- phindu lofunikira limasowa: mwayi wolumikizana kuzinthu zomwe zili pamiyezo yosiyanasiyana yosungira.
Kuti oyang'anira osungira asamadandaule kwambiri za chitetezo cha ntchito, ndikuwonjezera kuti kukonzekera koyenera ndikofunikira panonso. Tsopano popeza ntchito za magawo zafotokozedwa mwachidule, tiyeni tiwone zomwe mungayembekezere kuchokera ku FAST VP. Ino ndi nthawi yobwereranso ku tanthauzo. Mawu awiri oyamba - Fully Automated - amamasuliridwa kuti "ma automated" ndipo amatanthauza kuti kugawa pakati pa magawo kumachitika zokha. Chabwino, Virtual Pool ndi dziwe la data lomwe limaphatikizapo zothandizira kuchokera kumagulu osiyanasiyana osungira. Izi ndi momwe zimawonekera:
Kuyang'ana m'tsogolo, ndikunena kuti FAST VP imasuntha deta mkati mwa dziwe limodzi, osati pakati pa maiwe angapo.
Mavuto amathetsedwa ndi FAST VP
Tiyeni tikambirane kaye. Tili ndi dziwe komanso njira zina zomwe zitha kugawanso deta mkati mwa dziwe ili. Pokumbukira kuti cholinga chathu ndikukwaniritsa zokolola zambiri, tiyeni tidzifunse: ndi njira ziti zomwe tingakwaniritse? Pakhoza kukhala angapo a iwo, ndipo apa FAST VP ili ndi kena kake kopatsa wogwiritsa ntchito, popeza ukadaulo ndi china kuposa kungosungirako. Nazi njira zina zomwe FAST VP ingawonjezere magwiridwe antchito:
- Kugawa kwa data pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma disks, magawo
- Kugawa deta pakati pa ma disks amtundu womwewo
- Kugawa deta pamene mukukulitsa dziwe
Tisanayang'ane momwe ntchitozi zimathetsedwera, tiyenera kudziwa mfundo zofunika za momwe FAST VP imagwirira ntchito. FAST VP imagwira ntchito ndi midadada ya kukula kwake - 256 megabytes. Ichi ndiye "chidutswa" chaching'ono kwambiri cha data chomwe chingasunthidwe. M'zolemba izi ndi zomwe amazitcha: kagawo. Kuchokera pakuwona kwa FAST VP, magulu onse a RAID amakhala ndi "zidutswa" zotere. Chifukwa chake, ziwerengero zonse za I/O zimasonkhanitsidwa pazotchinga zotere. Chifukwa chiyani chipikachi chasankhidwa ndipo chidzachepetsedwa? Chidacho ndi chachikulu kwambiri, koma uku ndikusagwirizana pakati pa kuchuluka kwa data (kukula kwa chipika kumatanthauza kugawa kolondola) ndi zida zopezeka pakompyuta: kutengera malire omwe alipo pa RAM ndi midadada yambiri, ziwerengero zitha kutenga kwambiri, ndipo chiwerengero cha mawerengedwe chidzawonjezeka mofanana.
Momwe FAST VP imagawira deta ku dziwe. Andale
Kuti muwongolere kuyika kwa data mu dziwe lomwe FAST VP yayatsidwa, pali mfundo zotsatirazi:
- Gawo Lapamwamba Kwambiri Likupezeka
- Mtundu wa Auto
- Yambani Pamwamba kenako Auto-Tier (zosakhazikika)
- Gawo Lotsikitsitsa Lopezeka
Zimakhudza kugawidwa koyambirira kwa block (deta yolembedwa koyamba) ndi kusinthidwanso kotsatira. Pamene deta ili kale pa disks, kugawanso kudzayambika motsatira ndondomeko kapena pamanja.
Gawo Lapamwamba Kwambiri Lilipo limayesa kuyika chipika chatsopano pamagawo ochita bwino kwambiri. Ngati palibe malo okwanira pa izo, imayikidwa pamlingo wopindulitsa kwambiri, koma ndiye kuti deta ikhoza kusunthira kumalo opindulitsa (ngati pali malo kapena kuchotsa deta ina). Auto-Tier imayika zatsopano pamagawo osiyanasiyana kutengera kuchuluka kwa malo omwe alipo, ndipo imagawidwanso kutengera kufunikira ndi malo aulere. Yambani Pamwamba ndiye Auto-Tier ndiye ndondomeko yosasinthika komanso yolimbikitsidwa. Ikayikidwa koyambirira, imagwira ntchito ngati Gawo Lapamwamba Kwambiri Lopezeka, ndiyeno deta imasunthidwa malinga ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito. Ndondomeko Yotsika Kwambiri Yopezeka ikufuna kuyika deta pagawo lopanda phindu.
Kutumiza kwa deta kumachitika ndi zofunikira zochepa kuti zisasokoneze ntchito yothandiza yosungiramo zinthu, komabe, pali "chiwerengero cha kusamuka kwa data" chomwe chimasintha chofunika kwambiri. Pali chodabwitsa apa: si midadada yonse yomwe ili ndi dongosolo logawiranso lofanana. Mwachitsanzo, midadada yolembedwa ngati metadata imasunthidwa kupita pamlingo wothamanga kaye. Metadata ndi, kunena kwake, "deta yokhudzana ndi deta", zina zowonjezera zomwe sizogwiritsa ntchito, koma zimasunga kufotokozera kwake. Mwachitsanzo, zambiri zomwe zili mu fayilo ya fayilo yomwe ili mkati mwake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuthamanga kwa data kumadalira kuthamanga kwa metadata. Popeza kuti metadata nthawi zambiri imakhala yaying'ono kwambiri kukula kwake, maubwino osunthira ku ma disks ochita bwino kwambiri akuyembekezeka kukhala akulu.
Zofunikira zomwe Fast VP amagwiritsa ntchito pantchito yake
Choyimira chachikulu cha chipika chilichonse, pafupifupi, ndi chikhalidwe cha "kufunidwa" kwa deta, zomwe zimadalira kuchuluka kwa ntchito zowerenga ndi kulemba za chidutswa cha deta. Izi timazitcha "Kutentha". Pali deta yofunidwa (yotentha) yomwe ili "yotentha" kusiyana ndi deta yosatchulidwa. Imawerengeredwa nthawi ndi nthawi, mwa kusakhulupirika pakapita ola limodzi.
Ntchito yowerengera kutentha ili ndi zotsatirazi:
- Popanda I/O, deta "imatha" pakapita nthawi.
- Pansi pa katundu wofanana kapena wocheperako pakapita nthawi, kutentha kumayamba kumawonjezeka kenako kumakhazikika mumtundu wina.
Kenaka, ndondomeko zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa ndi malo aulere pagawo lililonse zimaganiziridwa. Kuti zimveke bwino, ndipereka chithunzi kuchokera pazolembedwa. Apa mitundu yofiira, yachikasu ndi yabuluu imasonyeza midadada yokhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu, kwapakati ndi kochepa, motsatira.
Koma tiyeni tibwerere ku ntchitozo. Kotero, tikhoza kuyamba kusanthula zomwe zikuchitika kuti athetse mavuto a FAST VP.
A. Kugawa kwa data kumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya disks, milingo
Kwenikweni, iyi ndiye ntchito yayikulu ya FAST VP. Zina zonse, tinganene kuti, zimachokera ku ilo. Malingana ndi ndondomeko yosankhidwa, deta idzagawidwa pamagulu osiyanasiyana osungira. Choyamba, ndondomeko yoyikayi imaganiziridwa, ndiye kutentha kwa block ndi kukula / liwiro la magulu a RAID.
Pa mfundo Zapamwamba Kwambiri / Zotsika Kwambiri Zomwe Zilipo zonse ndizosavuta. Kwa ena awiri izi ndizochitika. Deta imagawidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana poganizira kukula ndi machitidwe a magulu a RAID: kotero kuti chiΕ΅erengero cha "kutentha" kwathunthu kwa midadada ndi "kupambana koyenera" kwa gulu lililonse la RAID kuli pafupifupi mofanana. Choncho, katunduyo amagawidwa mochuluka kapena mocheperapo. Zambiri zomwe zimafunidwa zimasunthidwa kupita ku media zachangu, ndipo zomwe sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri zimasunthidwa kupita ku media zocheperako. Moyenera, kugawa kuyenera kuwoneka motere:
B. Kugawa deta pakati pa ma disks amtundu womwewo
Kumbukirani, pachiyambi ndinalemba kuti yosungirako media kuchokera chimodzi kapena zingapo milingo ikuphatikizidwa kukhala dziwe limodzi? Pankhani ya gawo limodzi, FAST VP ilinso ndi ntchito yoti achite. Kuti mukwaniritse magwiridwe antchito pamlingo uliwonse, ndikofunikira kugawa deta mofanana pakati pa ma disks. Izi (mwachidziwitso) zikulolani kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa IOPS. Deta mkati mwa gulu la RAID ikhoza kuganiziridwa kuti imagawidwa mofanana pama disks, koma izi sizili choncho nthawi zonse pakati pa magulu a RAID. Pakachitika kusamvana, FAST VP idzasuntha deta pakati pa magulu a RAID molingana ndi voliyumu yawo ndi "ntchito zovomerezeka" (mwachiwerengero). Kuti zimveke bwino, ndiwonetsa chiwembu chosinthira pakati pamagulu atatu a RAID:
B. Kugawa deta pokulitsa dziwe
Ntchitoyi ndizochitika zapadera zapitayi ndipo imachitidwa pamene gulu la RAID likuwonjezeredwa ku dziwe. Kuonetsetsa kuti gulu la RAID lomwe langowonjezeredwa kumene silikhala lopanda ntchito, zina mwazinthuzo zidzasamutsidwa kwa izo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti katunduyo adzagawidwanso m'magulu onse a RAID.
Kusintha kwa SSD Wear
Pogwiritsa ntchito mavalidwe ovala, FAST VP imatha kukulitsa moyo wa SSD, ngakhale izi sizikukhudzana mwachindunji ndi Kusungirako Kusungirako. Popeza deta ya kutentha ilipo kale, chiwerengero cha ntchito zolembera chimaganiziridwanso, ndipo timadziwa momwe tingasunthire midadada ya deta, zingakhale zomveka kuti FAST VP ithetse vutoli.
Ngati chiwerengero cha zolembera mu gulu limodzi la RAID chikuposa kwambiri chiwerengero cha zolemba zina, FAST VP idzagawiranso deta molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito zolembera. Kumbali imodzi, izi zimachepetsa katunduyo ndikusunga gwero la ma disks ena, kumbali ina, zimawonjezera "ntchito" kwa olemedwa ochepa, ndikuwonjezera ntchito yonse.
Mwanjira iyi, FAST VP imatenga zovuta zachikhalidwe za Kusungirako Tiering ndikuchita zochulukirapo kuposa pamenepo. Zonsezi zimakulolani kuti musunge deta bwino mu Unity storage system.
Malangizo ena
- Musanyalanyaze kuwerenga zolembedwa. Pali machitidwe abwino, ndipo amagwira ntchito bwino. Ngati muwatsatira, ndiye, monga lamulo, palibe mavuto aakulu omwe amabwera. Upangiri wonsewo umabwerezanso kapena kumakwaniritsa.
- Ngati mwakonza ndi kuyatsa FAST VP, ndibwino kuti musiye kuyatsa. Iloleni igawire zidziwitso munthawi yake yomwe idapatsidwa komanso pang'onopang'ono kamodzi pachaka komanso kukhala ndi chiyambukiro chachikulu pakuchita ntchito zina. Zikatero, kugawanso deta kungatenge nthawi yayitali.
- Samalani posankha zenera losamuka. Ngakhale izi ndizodziwikiratu, yesani kusankha nthawi yokhala ndi katundu wocheperako pa Umodzi ndikugawa nthawi yokwanira.
- Konzani kukulitsa makina anu osungira, chitani panthawi yake. Ili ndi lingaliro wamba lomwe ndilofunikanso kwa FAST VP. Ngati kuchuluka kwa malo omasuka kuli kochepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti kusuntha kwa deta kumachepetsedwa kapena kukhala kosatheka. Makamaka ngati munanyalanyaza mfundo 2.
- Mukakulitsa dziwe ndi FAST VP, simuyenera kuyamba ndi ma disks otsika kwambiri. Ndiye kuti, mwina timawonjezera magulu onse a RAID nthawi imodzi, kapena kuwonjezera ma disks othamanga kwambiri poyamba. Pankhaniyi, kugawanso deta kuma disks atsopano "ofulumira" kudzawonjezera liwiro lonse la dziwe. Kupanda kutero, kuyambira ndi ma disks "ochedwa" kungayambitse zinthu zosasangalatsa kwambiri. Choyamba, deta idzasamutsidwa ku ma disks atsopano, otsika pang'onopang'ono, ndiyeno, pamene othamanga awonjezeredwa, kumbali ina. Pali ma nuances pano okhudzana ndi mfundo zosiyanasiyana za FAST VP, koma nthawi zambiri, zofanana ndizotheka.
Ngati mukuyang'ana izi, mutha kuyesa Unity kwaulere potsitsa chida cha Unity VSA.
Pamapeto pa nkhaniyi, ndikugawana maulalo angapo othandiza:
- Tsamba
- - kufotokozera mwachidule za ntchitoyi
- , pdf mtundu
Pomaliza
Ndikufuna kulemba zambiri, koma ndikumvetsa kuti sizinthu zonse zomwe zingakhale zosangalatsa kwa owerenga. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kuyankhula mwatsatanetsatane za momwe FAST VP imapangira zisankho zokhudzana ndi kusamutsa deta, za njira zowunikira ziwerengero za I / O. Komanso, mutu wa kuyanjana ndi , ndipo izi zikuyenera kukhala ndi nkhani ina. Mutha kuganiza mozama za chitukuko chaukadaulo uwu. Ndikukhulupirira kuti sizinali zotopetsa ndipo sindinakutopeni. Tikuwonaninso!
Source: www.habr.com