Kumasulira kwa nkhaniyi kunakonzedwa makamaka kwa ophunzira a maphunzirowo .
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Google Cloud Platform (GCP) imapereka ntchito zambiri, makamaka ma computing omwe ali ndi Google Compute Engine (GCE), Google Kubernetes Engine (omwe kale anali Container Engine) (GKE), Google App Engine (GAE) ndi Google Cloud Functions (GCF) . Mautumiki onsewa ali ndi mayina abwino, koma sangakhale oonekeratu za ntchito zawo ndi zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala osiyana wina ndi mzake. Nkhaniyi idapangidwira omwe ali atsopano kumalingaliro amtambo, makamaka mautumiki amtambo ndi GCP.
1. Kuwerengera kuchuluka
Mulu wa makompyuta ukhoza kuganiziridwa ngati chidule cha zomwe makompyuta angapereke. Mtundu uwu ukukwera (zimayenda mmwamba) kuchokera ku "chitsulo chopanda kanthu" (zitsulo zopanda kanthu), kunena za zigawo zenizeni za kompyuta, mpaka ku ntchito (Nchito), zomwe zimayimira gawo laling'ono kwambiri lowerengera. Chofunikira kudziwa za stack ndikuti mautumiki amaphatikizidwa mukamakweza milu, monga gawo la "applications" (mapulogalamu), chosonyezedwa pa chithunzi 1 pansipa, chiyenera kukhala ndi zigawo zonse zoyambira (zilipo), makina enieni (makina enieni) ndi chitsulo. Momwemonso, gawo la makina enieni liyenera kukhala ndi zida mkati kuti zigwire ntchito.
Chithunzi 1: Kuwerengera kuchuluka | Chithunzi chochokera
Chitsanzochi, chowonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1, ndicho maziko ofotokozera zopereka zochokera kwa opereka mitambo. Chifukwa chake, ena opereka amatha kupereka, mwachitsanzo, zotengera ndi ntchito zotsika mumtengowo, pomwe ena atha kupereka chilichonse chomwe chikuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 1.
- Ngati mumadziwa ntchito zamtambo, pitani ku gawo 3kuti muwone kufanana kwa GCP
- Ngati mukufuna chidule cha mautumiki amtambo, pitani ku gawo 2.4
2. Ntchito zamtambo
Dziko la cloud computing ndilosiyana kwambiri. Opereka mitambo amapereka mautumiki osiyanasiyana ogwirizana ndi zofuna za makasitomala osiyanasiyana. Mwina mudamvapo mawu ngati IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, FaaS, KaaS, etc. ndi zilembo zonse za zilembo zotsatiridwa ndi "aaS". Ngakhale ndi msonkhano wachilendo wotchula mayina, amapanga gulu la mautumiki a mtambo. Ndikunena kuti pali zopereka zazikulu za 3 "monga ntchito" zomwe opereka mtambo nthawi zonse amapereka.
Izi ndi IaaS, PaaS ndi SaaS, zomwe zimayimira Infrastructure as Service, Platform as Service and Software as Service. Ndikofunika kuwonetseratu mautumiki amtambo monga zigawo za mautumiki operekedwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pamene mukukwera kapena kutsika kuchokera pamlingo kupita ku mlingo, inu monga kasitomala mumadutsa njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira zomwe zimawonjezedwa kapena kuchotsedwa pachopereka chachikulu. Ndibwino kuti tiganizire ngati piramidi, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 2.
Chithunzi 2: aaS Piramidi | Chithunzi chochokera
2.1 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Ili ndiye gawo lotsika kwambiri lomwe wopereka mtambo angapereke ndipo limaphatikizapo wopereka mtambo popereka zida zachitsulo zopanda kanthu, kuphatikiza zida zapakati, zingwe za netiweki, ma CPU, ma GPU, RAM, zosungirako zakunja, ma seva, ndi zithunzi zoyambira zamakina monga Debian Linux, CentOS, Windows. , ndi zina.
Ngati muyitanitsa ndemanga kuchokera kwa wopereka IaaS wamtambo, izi ndi zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera kulandira. Zili ndi inu, kasitomala, kusonkhanitsa zidutswa izi kuti muyendetse bizinesi yanu. Kuchuluka kwa zomwe muyenera kugwirira ntchito kumatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera kwa ogulitsa kupita kwa ogulitsa, koma nthawi zambiri mumangopeza zida ndi OS ndipo zina zonse zili ndi inu. Zitsanzo za IaaS ndi AWS Elastic Compute, Microsoft Azure, ndi GCE.
Anthu ena sangakonde kuti akuyenera kukhazikitsa zithunzi za OS ndikuthana ndi ma network, kusanja katundu, kapena kuda nkhawa kuti ndi purosesa yamtundu wanji yomwe ili yoyenera pantchito yawo. Apa ndipamene timakwera piramidi kupita ku PaaS.
2.2 Platform as a service (PaaS)
PaaS imangokhala ndi wothandizira pamtambo wopereka nsanja yomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kupanga mapulogalamu. Izi ndizosawerengeka pa IaaS, kutanthauza kuti wopereka mtambo amasamalira tsatanetsatane wa mitundu ya CPU, kukumbukira, RAM, yosungirako, maukonde, ndi zina zotero. Monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 2, inu monga kasitomala mulibe ulamuliro wochepa pa nsanja yeniyeni chifukwa mtambo woperekayo amakukonzerani tsatanetsatane wa zomangamanga. Mumapempha nsanja yosankhidwa ndikumanga polojekitiyo. Zitsanzo za PaaS ndi Heroku.
Izi zitha kukhala zokwezeka kwambiri kwa ena, chifukwa safuna kumanga pulojekiti papulatifomu inayake, koma amafunikira magawo a mautumiki mwachindunji kuchokera kwa opereka mtambo. Apa ndipamene SaaS imayamba kusewera.
2.3 Mapulogalamu ngati ntchito (SaaS)
SaaS imayimira ntchito zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi opereka chithandizo chamtambo. Iwo ali ndi cholinga cha ogwiritsa ntchito mapeto ndipo amapezeka makamaka kudzera pa mawebusaiti monga Gmail, Google Docs, Dropbox, etc. Ponena za Google Cloud, pali zopereka zambiri kunja kwa computing stack zomwe ndi SaaS. Izi zikuphatikiza Studio Studio, Big Query, ndi zina.
2.4 Chidule cha Cloud Services
Zida
IaS
PaaS
SaaS
Mukupeza chiyani
Mumapeza zomangamanga ndikulipira moyenera. Ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito kapena kukhazikitsa pulogalamu iliyonse, OS kapena kapangidwe kake.
Apa mupeza zomwe mukupempha. Mapulogalamu, hardware, OS, chilengedwe cha intaneti. Mumapeza nsanja yokonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito ndikulipira moyenera.
Apa simuyenera kuda nkhawa chilichonse. Mumapatsidwa phukusi lokhazikitsidwa kale losinthidwa malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna ndipo zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikulipira molingana.
mtengo
Basic Computing
Pamwamba IaaS
Izi kwenikweni ndi phukusi lathunthu la mautumiki
Zovuta zaukadaulo
Chidziwitso chaukadaulo chofunikira
Mwapatsidwa masinthidwe oyambira, koma mukufunikabe chidziwitso cha domain.
Palibe chifukwa chovutikira ndi zambiri zaukadaulo. Wopereka SaaS amapereka chilichonse.
Kodi chimagwira ntchito ndi chiyani?
Makina owonera, zosungira, ma seva, maukonde, zolemetsa zolemetsa, ndi zina zambiri.
Malo othamanga (monga java runtime), nkhokwe (monga mySQL, Oracle), maseva apaintaneti (monga tomcat, etc.)
Mapulogalamu monga maimelo (Gmail, Yahoo mail, etc.), malo ochezerana (Facebook, etc.)
Chithunzi chodziwika bwino
Odziwika pakati pa otukula aluso kwambiri, ofufuza omwe amafunikira kusinthidwa malinga ndi zomwe akufuna kapena malo ofufuzira
Odziwika kwambiri pakati paopanga chifukwa amatha kuyang'ana kwambiri pakupanga mapulogalamu kapena zolemba zawo. Sayenera kudandaula za kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kapena kasamalidwe ka seva, ndi zina.
Odziwika kwambiri pakati pa ogula wamba kapena makampani omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu monga imelo, kugawana mafayilo, malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, popeza safunika kuda nkhawa zaukadaulo.
Chithunzi 3: Chidule cha zopereka zazikulu zamtambo | Chithunzi chaperekedwa
3. Google Cloud Platform Computing Suite
Titayang'ana zomwe amapereka pamtambo mu Gawo 2, titha kuzifanizira ndi zomwe Google Cloud ikupereka.
3.1 Google Compute Engine (GCE) - IaaS
Chithunzi 4: Chizindikiro cha Google Compute Engine (GCE).
GCE ndi IaaS yopereka kuchokera ku Google. Ndi GCE, mutha kupanga makina enieni mwaufulu, kugawa CPU ndi kukumbukira zinthu, kusankha mtundu wosungirako monga SSD kapena HDD, ndi kuchuluka kwa kukumbukira. Zili ngati kuti munapanga kompyuta yanu / malo ogwirira ntchito ndikusamalira tsatanetsatane wa momwe imagwirira ntchito.
Mu GCE, mutha kusankha kuchokera pazang'onoting'ono okhala ndi 0,3-core processors ndi 1 GB ya RAM mpaka 96-core monsters okhala ndi 300 GB ya RAM. Mutha kupanganso makina owoneka bwino otengera ntchito zanu. Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi, awa ndi makina enieni omwe mungapange.
3.2. Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) - (Caas / Kaas)
Chithunzi 5: Chizindikiro cha Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE).
GKE ndi chopereka chapakompyuta chapadera chochokera ku GCP chomwe ndi chongoyerekeza pamwamba pa Compute Engine. Nthawi zambiri, GKE imatha kukhala m'gulu la Container ngati Service (CaaS), yomwe nthawi zina imatchedwa Kubernetes ngati Service (KaaS), yomwe imalola makasitomala kuyendetsa mosavuta zotengera zawo za Docker pamalo oyendetsedwa bwino a Kubernetes. Kwa iwo omwe sadziwa zotengera, zotengera zimathandizira kusinthira ntchito / ntchito, kotero zotengera zosiyanasiyana zimatha kukhala ndi mautumiki osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, chidebe chimodzi chimatha kukhala ndi kumapeto kwa pulogalamu yanu yapaintaneti ndipo china chimakhala ndi chakumbuyo kwake. Kubernetes imapanga makina, kuyimba, kuyang'anira, ndikuyika zotengera zanu. Zambiri apa.
3.3 Google App Engine (GAE) - (PaaS)
Chithunzi 6: Chizindikiro cha Google App Engine (GAE).
Monga tafotokozera mu Gawo 2.2, PaaS ili pamwamba pa IaaS ndipo pankhani ya GCP, ikhozanso kuonedwa ngati chopereka pamwamba pa GKE. GAE ndi mwambo wa PaaS wa Google, ndipo momwe amadzifotokozera bwino ndi "bweretsani code yanu ndipo tidzasamalira zina zonse."
Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti makasitomala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito GAE sayenera kuthana ndi zida zoyambira / zapakati, ndipo amatha kukhala ndi nsanja yokonzedweratu yokonzekera kupita; zomwe akuyenera kuchita ndikupereka code yofunikira kuti ayendetse.
GAE imangoyendetsa makulitsidwe kuti ikwaniritse zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ngati tsamba lanu logulitsa maluwa lifika pachimake chifukwa Tsiku la Valentine likuyandikira, GAE ithana ndi makulitsidwe omwe ali pansi kuti akwaniritse zomwe akufuna ndikuwonetsetsa kuti tsamba lanu silidzawonongeka chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mumalipira ndendende zomwe pulogalamu yanu imafunikira panthawiyo.
GAE imagwiritsa ntchito Kubernetes kapena mtundu wake wamba kuthana ndi zonsezi kuti musade nkhawa nazo. GAE ndiyoyenera kwambiri makampani omwe alibe chidwi ndi zomwe zakhazikitsidwa ndipo amangosamala kuti awonetsetse kuti ntchito yawo ikupezeka m'njira yabwino kwambiri.
M'malingaliro anga, GAE ndiye malo abwino kwambiri oyambira ngati muli ndi malingaliro abwino, koma simukufuna kuthana ndi zovuta zokhazikitsa ma seva, kusanja katundu, ndi zina zonse zowononga nthawi / ntchito ya SRE. . Pakapita nthawi mutha kuyesa GKE ndi GCE, koma ndiwo malingaliro anga chabe.
Chodzikanira: AppEngine imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa intaneti, osati mafoni.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri:
3.4 Google Cloud Functions - (FaaS)
Chithunzi 7: Chizindikiro cha Google Cloud Functions (GCF).
Tikukhulupirira kuti mwawona zomwe zikuchitika poyang'ana zomwe zaperekedwa kale. Mukakwera makwerero a GCP computing solution, m'pamenenso simuyenera kuda nkhawa kwambiri ndiukadaulo womwe uli nawo. Piramidiyi imathera ndi gawo laling'ono kwambiri lowerengera, ntchito, monga momwe tawonetsera mu Gawo 1.
GCF ndi chopereka chatsopano cha GCP chomwe chidakali mu beta (panthawi yolemba izi). Ntchito zamtambo zimalola kuti ntchito zina zolembedwa ndi wopanga ziyambitsidwe ndi chochitika.
Amayendetsedwa ndi zochitika ndipo ali pamtima pa mawu akuti "opanda seva", kutanthauza kuti sakudziwa ma seva. Ntchito zamtambo ndizosavuta kwambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimafuna kuganiza za zochitika. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi iliyonse wogwiritsa ntchito watsopano akalembetsa, ntchito yamtambo imatha kuyambitsa kuchenjeza opanga.
Pafakitale, sensa inayake ikafika pamtengo wina, imatha kuyambitsa ntchito yamtambo yomwe imagwira ntchito zina, kapena kudziwitsa ena ogwira ntchito yosamalira, ndi zina zambiri.
Pomaliza
M'nkhaniyi, takambirana za zopereka zosiyanasiyana zamtambo monga IaaS, PaaS, ndi zina zotero komanso momwe Google computing stack ikugwiritsira ntchito zigawo zosiyanazi. Tawona kuti zigawo zotsatiridwa pamene zikuyenda kuchokera ku gulu lina lautumiki kupita ku lina, monga IaaS ku Paas, zimafuna chidziwitso chochepa cha zomwe zili pansi.
Kwa bizinesi, izi zimapereka kusinthasintha kofunikira komwe sikumangokwaniritsa zolinga zake zogwirira ntchito, komanso kumakwaniritsa mbali zina zofunika monga chitetezo ndi mtengo. Mwachidule:
Injini Yowerengera - imakupatsani mwayi wopanga makina anu enieni pogawa zida zina za Hardware, mwachitsanzo, RAM, purosesa, kukumbukira. Ndi zothandiza ndithu ndi otsika mlingo.
Kubernetes Engine ndi sitepe yochokera ku Compute Engine ndipo imakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito Kubernetes ndi zotengera kuti muzitha kuyang'anira ntchito yanu, kukulolani kuti muwonjezere momwe mungafunire.
Injini ya App ndi sitepe yochokera ku Kubernetes Engine, kukulolani kuti muyang'ane pa code yanu pamene Google imasamalira zofunikira zonse za pulatifomu.
Cloud Functions ndiye pamwamba pa piramidi yamakompyuta, kukulolani kuti mulembe ntchito yosavuta yomwe, ikathamanga, imagwiritsa ntchito maziko onse oyambira kuwerengera ndi kubweza zotsatira.
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Source: www.habr.com