Broadband satellite Internet yomwe imapezeka kwa aliyense wokhala padziko lapansi kulikonse padziko lapansi ndi loto lomwe likukwaniritsidwa pang'onopang'ono. Intaneti ya satellite inali yodula komanso yodekha, koma izi zatsala pang'ono kusintha.
Akuchita nawo ntchito yofuna kutchuka mwanzeru, kapena m'malo mwake, ma projekiti amakampani a SpaceX, OneWeb. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zosiyanasiyana Facebook, Google ndi bungwe la boma Roscosmos adalengeza kuti apanga ma satellite awo pa intaneti. Kwa ambiri, nkhaniyi siinapitirire kungongoganizira chabe kapena magawo oyambirira a chitukuko cha satellite.
Kodi chachitika kale ndi chiyani?
SpaceX Elon Musk
Zinthu zambiri. Choncho, bungwe la SpaceX linakonza zoyambitsa ma satellites a 4425 ku Earth orbit, ndiye kuti anaganiza kuti awonjezere chiwerengero chawo ku 12 000. Zingakhale kuti izi siziri zonse, koma gululo lidzawonjezedwa mpaka makumi angapo zikwi.
Mtengo wa polojekitiyi ndi pafupifupi $ 10 biliyoni. Mu May chaka chatha, kampani ya Elon Musk inayamba mu orbit. pogwiritsa ntchito galimoto ya Falcon. Machitidwe angapo adasinthidwa kuti ayese mbali zosiyanasiyana za polojekitiyi.
Ena onse anatsalira ku ntchito. Mu Novembala 2019, ma satellite ena 60 adakhazikitsidwa. Ndiyeno, mu Januwale chaka chino, kampaniyo inayambitsa zipangizo zina 60, zomwe zinaperekedwa ku orbit pamtunda wa 290 km pamwamba pa Dziko Lapansi. Pakalipano, ma satelayiti 300 mwa 12 omwe akuyerekezedwa atulutsidwa.
Kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, nkhani zidamveka kuti SpaceX ikupanga ma satelayiti mwachangu kuposa momwe ingayambitsire. Tsopano, ngati mungagawane kuchuluka kwa ma satelayiti omwe adayambitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa miyezi yomwe yadutsa kuchokera pomwe ma satelayiti oyamba adatumizidwa ku orbit, zikuwoneka kuti pafupifupi kampaniyo imatumiza ma satelayiti 1,3 pamwezi.
Vuto loyambitsa ndilakuti maulendo ena oyendetsa ndege amayenera kusinthidwa chifukwa cha nyengo, zolakwika zaukadaulo ndi zovuta zina. Chifukwa chake, ma satelayiti ambiri akonzeka kale, ali Padziko Lapansi ndipo akuyembekezera m'mapiko. Izi sizongopeka, koma mawu ovomerezeka kuchokera kukampani. Za momwe zonse zidzakhalire, .
Musk: Ma satellite a Starlink akupangidwa mwachangu kuposa momwe tingawayambitsire. Tikufuna Starship kuti mtengo woyambitsa utsike
β Sandra Erwin (@Sandra_I_Erwin)
SpaceX ikhoza kukhala kampani yoyamba yopanga ma orbiter kuposa momwe ingakhazikitsire. Fakitale ya SpaceX ikugwira ntchito bwino.
Mwa njira, m'mbuyomu komanso pano akatswiri ambiri a zakuthambo ochokera ku Russian Federation ndi akunja akudzudzula SpaceX kuti masauzande masauzande ambiri ozungulira dziko lapansi adzasokoneza kuyang'ana kwa mlengalenga kapena kupangitsa kuti izi zisatheke. Koma SpaceX idati ma satelayiti onse akakhazikika, sawoneka bwino. Posachedwapa, akatswiri a zakuthambo sangathe kuimitsa ntchitoyi. Intaneti iyamba kugwira ntchito pambuyo pa kuchuluka kwa zida zomwe zili mu orbit kuposa 800.
OneWeb
Kupambana kwa mpikisano wa SpaceX ndikocheperako, koma kufunikira kwa polojekiti ya OneWeb sikuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Kampaniyo ikhazikitsa ma satellites pafupifupi 600 mu orbit, yomwe ipereka mwayi wopezeka pa intaneti ya Broadband kulikonse, ngakhale ngodya zakutali kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Kulankhulana opanda zingwe sikudzapezeka kwa ife okha padziko lapansi, komanso kwa omwe ali m'ndege.
Malinga ndi mkulu wa kampani yaku Britain, mu chaka chimodzi ndi theka ma satelayiti onse ayenera kuperekedwa munjira. Iwo anapezerapo ndi thandizo la launch operator Arianespace, amene nawonso, analowa mgwirizano ndi Roscosmos.
Ma satellites asanu ndi limodzi oyambirira a OneWeb adatumizidwa ku orbit mu February chaka chatha kuchokera ku Kourou spaceport. Otsala 34 anafika mu February chaka chino kuchokera ku Baikonur.
Adrian Steckel: CEO wa OneWeb / AFP
Tsopano OneWeb ikukonzekera kukhazikitsa zida zake pafupifupi kamodzi pamwezi - ndithudi, osati imodzi panthawi, koma pagulu. Kwa zaka zingapo tsopano, kampaniyi yakhala ikuyesera kukambirana mgwirizano ndi Russia kuwonjezera pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa satellites ndi Roscosmos. Koma, mwatsoka, pali mavuto ochulukirapo kuposa kuchita bwino pano - popereka ma frequency komanso kutsata malamulo okhudza kulumikizana, omwe ali "kulikonse." Anzeru sakukondwera kwambiri ndi izi.
Otsatsa ndalama a kampaniyo anali SoftBank, Virgin, Qualcomm, Airbus, Mexico Grupo Salinas, boma la Rwanda, komanso ena, kotero palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa za tsogolo la OneWeb satellite network ngakhale poyang'ana zochitika zatsopano. m'munda wachuma.
Nanga bwanji za mtengo wolumikizirana?
Pakadali pano, kuwerengera kumadziwika kokha malinga ndi mtengo, popanda ma markups kwa ogula. Osati kale kwambiri, mmodzi wa ogwiritsa Viasat forum poyerekeza (si mpikisano wa Starlink kuchokera ku SpaceX ndi OneWeb, komanso zina ziwiri zomwe takambirana pamwambapa).
Anawerengera mtengo wa gigabit imodzi pamphindi pamagulu osiyanasiyana (gawo la muyeso ndi $ / GBps, monga momwe tawonetsera pa forum).
Nazi zomwe zidachitika:
- $2,300,000 Viasat 2
- $700,000 Viasat 3
- $300,000 OneWeb gawo 1
- $25,000 Starlink
- $10,000 Starlink w/Starship
Kuphatikiza apo, adawerengeranso mtengo wopangira ndikukhazikitsa ma satelayiti amakampaniwa ku Earth orbit:
- Viasat 2 - $ 600 miliyoni.
- Viasat 3 - $ 700 miliyoni.
- OneWeb - $500 zikwi.
- Starlink - $500 zikwi.
Nthawi zambiri, intaneti yopezeka ndi anthu padziko lonse lapansi iyenera kuwoneka mkati mwa chaka chimodzi ndi theka. Chabwino, m'zaka za 3-5, mapulojekiti onsewa, StarLink ndi OneWeb, afika pazomwe adapangidwira ndipo, mwina, kuwonjezera ma satelayiti ambiri pamanetiweki awo. Chimwemwe chili pafupi, %usasrname%.
Source: www.habr.com