M'nkhaniyi ndikufuna kugawana zomwe ndakumana nazo pogwiritsa ntchito machitidwe otseguka a Zabbix ndi Grafana kuti awonetse momwe mizere yopangira ikuyendera. Zambirizi zitha kukhala zothandiza kwa iwo omwe akufuna njira yachangu yowonera kapena kusanthula zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa mumakampani opanga makina kapena ma projekiti a IoT. Nkhaniyi si phunziro latsatanetsatane, koma lingaliro la dongosolo loyang'anira kutengera pulogalamu yotseguka yopangira mafakitale.
Chida
Zabbix - takhala tikugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kuti tiyang'ane zida za IT za chomeracho. Dongosololi lidakhala losavuta komanso lachilengedwe chonse kotero kuti tinayamba kulowetsamo deta kuchokera ku mizere yopanga, masensa ndi owongolera momwemo. Izi zidatilola kusonkhanitsa ma metrics onse pamalo amodzi, kupanga ma graph osavuta ogwiritsira ntchito zida ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida, koma tinalibe ma analytics ndi ma graph okongola.
grafana ndi chida champhamvu chowunikira ndikuwonera ma data. Mapulagini ambiri amakulolani kuti mutenge deta kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana (zabbix, clickhouse, influxDB), ikani pa ntchentche (kuwerengera mtengo wapakati, kuchuluka, kusiyana, ndi zina zotero) ndi kujambula mitundu yonse ya ma graph (kuchokera ku mizere yosavuta, speedometers, matebulo ku zojambula zovuta).
Draw.io - ntchito yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wojambula kuchokera pazithunzi zosavuta kupita ku pulani yapansi mu mkonzi wa pa intaneti. Pali ma templates ambiri okonzeka komanso zinthu zojambulidwa. Zambiri zitha kutumizidwa kumitundu yonse yayikulu kapena xml.
Kuziyika zonse pamodzi
Pali zolemba zambiri zolembedwa momwe mungayikitsire ndikusintha Grafana ndi Zabbix, ndikuwuzani za mfundo zazikuluzikulu zosinthira.
"Network node" (host) imapangidwa pa seva ya Zabbix, yomwe idzakhala ndi "zinthu za data" (zinthu) zokhala ndi ma metrics kuchokera ku masensa athu. Ndikofunikira kulingalira pasadakhale mayina a node ndi zinthu za data ndikuzipanga kukhala zokhazikika momwe tingathere, popeza tidzazipeza kuchokera ku grafana kudzera m'mawu okhazikika. Njirayi ndi yabwino chifukwa mutha kupeza deta kuchokera ku gulu lazinthu ndi pempho limodzi.
Kuti mukonze grafana muyenera kukhazikitsa mapulagini ena:
- Zabbix wolemba Alexander Zobnin (alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app) - kuphatikiza ndi zabbix
- natel-discrete-panel - pulogalamu yowonjezera yowonera mosadukiza pa graph yopingasa
- pierosavi-imageit-panel - pulogalamu yowonjezera yowonetsera deta pamwamba pa chithunzi chanu
- agenty-flowcharting-panel - plugin yowonera mwachangu chithunzi kuchokera ku draw.io
Kuphatikizana ndi Zabbix palokha kumakonzedwa mu grafana, menyu ConfigurationData sourcesZabbix. Pamenepo muyenera kufotokoza adilesi ya seva ya api zabbix, izi ndi zomwe ndili nazo , ndi kulowa ndi mawu achinsinsi kuti mupeze. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, posunga zoikamo padzakhala uthenga ndi nambala ya api: zabbix API version: 5.0.1
Kupanga Dashboard
Apa ndipamene matsenga a Grafana ndi mapulagini ake amayamba.
Natel-discrete-panel plugin
Tili ndi chidziwitso cha momwe ma motors ali pamizere (yogwira ntchito = 1, osagwira ntchito = 0). Pogwiritsa ntchito graph yowonekera, titha kujambula sikelo yomwe iwonetsa: momwe injiniyo ilili, mphindi / maola angati kapena % yomwe idagwira ntchito komanso kangati idayambika.
Kuwona mawonekedwe a injini
M'malingaliro anga, iyi ndi imodzi mwama graph abwino kwambiri owonera magwiridwe antchito a hardware. Mutha kuwona nthawi yomwe idakhala yopanda ntchito komanso momwe imagwira ntchito nthawi zambiri. Patha kukhala zambiri, ndizotheka kuziphatikiza ndi milingo, kuzisintha ndi zikhalidwe (ngati mtengo ndi "1", ndiye wonetsani ngati "ON")
Pulogalamu yowonjezera pierosavi-imageit-panel
Imageit ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mukakhala kale ndi chithunzi chojambulidwa kapena pulani yapansi yomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito data kuchokera ku masensa. M'mawonekedwe owonetsera, muyenera kufotokozera ulalo wa chithunzicho ndikuwonjezera zinthu zomwe mukufuna. Zomwe zimawonekera pachithunzichi ndipo zitha kuyikidwa pamalo omwe mukufuna ndi mbewa.
Chithunzi cha ng'anjo chokhala ndi kutentha ndi kupanikizika
pulogalamu yowonjezera ya agenty-flowcharting-panel
Ndikufuna kulankhula mwatsatanetsatane za kupanga FlowCharting visualization, chifukwa ndi chida chogwira ntchito modabwitsa. Imakulolani kuti mupange chithunzi champhamvu chamnemonic, zinthu zomwe zingagwirizane ndi ma metrics (kusintha mtundu, malo, dzina, ndi zina).
Kulandira deta
Kupanga kwa chinthu chilichonse chowonera ku Grafana kumayamba ndi pempho la data kuchokera kugwero, kwa ife ndi zabbix. Pogwiritsa ntchito mafunso, tiyenera kupeza ma metric onse omwe tikufuna kugwiritsa ntchito pazithunzi. Tsatanetsatane wa ma metric ndi mayina azinthu za data mu Zabbix; mutha kutchula metric payekha kapena seti yosefedwa kudzera mu mawu okhazikika. Muchitsanzo changa, gawo la Zinthu lili ndi mawu akuti: β/(^mzere 1)|(kupezeka)|(zukini)/β - izi zikutanthauza: sankhani ma metric onse omwe dzina lawo limayamba ndi βmzere 1β kapena lili ndi mawu oti βkupezeka. β kapena lili ndi mawu oti "zukini"
Chitsanzo cha kukhazikitsa pempho la deta pa injini za mzere woyamba ndi kupezeka kwa zipangizo
Kusintha kwa Data
Zomwe zimayambira sizingakhale nthawi zonse momwe timafunikira kuziwonetsera. Mwachitsanzo, tili ndi data ya miniti ndi miniti ya kulemera kwa chinthu mu chidebe (kg), ndipo tiyenera kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa kudzaza mu t/ola. Ndimachita izi motere: Ndimatenga deta yolemera ndikuyisintha ndi ntchito ya grafana delta, yomwe imawerengera kusiyana pakati pa ma metric values, kotero kulemera kwamakono kumasanduka kg / min. Kenako ndimachulukitsa ndi 0.06 kuti ndipeze zotsatira mu matani/ola. Popeza ma metric olemera amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamafunso angapo, ndimatchula dzina latsopano la izo (setAlias) ndipo ndidzaligwiritsa ntchito mulamulo lowonera.
Chitsanzo chogwiritsa ntchito delta ndi multiplier parameter ndikusinthiranso metric mufunso
Nachi chitsanzo china cha kutembenuka kwa deta: Ndinafunika kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa magulu (kuyamba kwa kuzungulira = kuyamba kwa injini). Metric imawerengedwa potengera momwe injiniyo ilili "mzere 1 - mpope wopopera kuchokera ku thanki 1 (mkhalidwe)". Kusintha: timasintha zidziwitso za metric yoyambirira ndi ntchito ya delta (kusiyana kwa mikhalidwe), kotero ma metric azikhala ndi mtengo "+1" poyambitsa injini, "-1" poyimitsa ndi "0" injini ikatero. osasintha mawonekedwe ake. Kenako ndimachotsa zinthu zonse zosakwana 1 ndikuziwerengera. Zotsatira zake ndi kuchuluka kwa injini zomwe zimayambira.
Chitsanzo cha kutembenuza deta kuchokera pazomwe zilipo panopa kupita ku chiwerengero cha zoyambira
Tsopano za zowonera zokha
Pazowonetsera pali batani la "Sinthani Jambulani"; imayambitsa mkonzi momwe mungajambule. Chinthu chilichonse chomwe chili pachithunzichi chili ndi magawo ake. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mungatchule makonda a zilembo mu mkonzi, adzagwiritsidwa ntchito powonera deta ku Grafana.
Izi ndi zomwe mkonzi amawonekera mu Draw.io
Pambuyo posunga chithunzicho, chidzawonekera mu grafana ndipo mukhoza kupanga malamulo osintha zinthu.
Mu parameters () timafotokozera:
- Zosankha-khazikitsani dzina lalamulo, dzina kapena dzina la metric yomwe deta yake idzagwiritsidwe (Ikani ku ma metrics). Mtundu wa data aggregation (Aggregation) umakhudza zotsatira zomaliza za metric, kotero Last zikutanthauza kuti mtengo womaliza udzasankhidwa, avg ndi mtengo wapakati pa nthawi yomwe yasankhidwa mukona yakumanja yakumanja.
- Ma Thresholds - gawo lazolowera limafotokoza malingaliro amtundu wamtundu, ndiye kuti, mtundu wosankhidwa udzagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zomwe zili pazithunzi kutengera ma metric data. Mu chitsanzo changa, ngati mtengo wa metrics ndi "0", udindo ndi "Ok", mtundu udzakhala wobiriwira, ngati mtengo ndi "> 1", udindo udzakhala Wovuta ndipo mtundu udzakhala wofiira.
- Mapu amtundu/Zida" ndi "Mapu a Lembo/Zolemba" - kusankha chinthu cha schema ndi momwe zimakhalira. Muzochitika zoyamba, chinthucho chidzajambulidwa, chachiwiri, padzakhala malemba ndi deta kuchokera ku metric. Kuti musankhe chinthu pazithunzi, muyenera kudina chizindikiro cha dera ndikudina pazithunzizo.
Mu chitsanzo ichi, ndimapenta mpope ndi muvi wake wofiira ngati ukugwira ntchito komanso wobiriwira ngati sutero.
Pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yowonjezera ya flowcharting, ndidatha kujambula chithunzi cha mzere wonse, pomwe:
- mtundu wa mayunitsi umasintha malinga ndi momwe alili
- pali alamu yakusowa kwa mankhwala m'mitsuko
- Ma frequency a motor akuwonetsedwa
- Kudzaza tanki yoyamba / kuthamanga kwakutaya
- chiwerengero cha maulendo a mzere (batch) amawerengedwa
Kuwonetseratu kwa ntchito ya mzere wopanga
chifukwa
Chinthu chovuta kwambiri kwa ine chinali kupeza deta kuchokera kwa olamulira. Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa Zabbix pankhani yolandila deta komanso kusinthasintha kwa Grafana chifukwa cha mapulagini, zidangotengera masiku angapo kuti apange chiwonetsero chambiri chowunikira mzere wopanga. Kuwona m'maso kunapangitsa kuti zitheke kuwona ma graph ndi ziwerengero za boma, komanso mwayi wofikira mosavuta pa intaneti kwa aliyense amene ali ndi chidwi - zonsezi zidapangitsa kuti zitheke kuzindikira zovuta komanso kusagwiritsa ntchito bwino mayunitsi.
Pomaliza
Ndinkakonda kwambiri kuphatikiza kwa Zabbix + Grafana ndipo ndikupangira kuti musamalire ngati mukufuna kukonza mwachangu deta kuchokera kwa olamulira kapena masensa popanda kupanga mapulogalamu kapena kukhazikitsa zinthu zovuta zamalonda. Zachidziwikire, izi sizilowa m'malo mwa akatswiri a SCADA, koma zikhala zokwanira ngati chida chowunikira pakatikati pakupanga konse.
Source: www.habr.com