Ma network amderali mu mawonekedwe ake (avareji) adapangidwa zaka zambiri zapitazo, pomwe chitukuko chake chidayima.
Kumbali imodzi, yabwino ndi mdani wa zabwino, kumbali ina, kuyimirira sikwabwino kwambiri. Komanso, poyang'anitsitsa, maofesi amakono a ofesi, omwe amakulolani kuchita pafupifupi ntchito zonse za ofesi yanthawi zonse, akhoza kumangidwa motsika mtengo komanso mofulumira kusiyana ndi momwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, ndipo zomangamanga zake zidzakhala zosavuta komanso zowonjezereka. Osandikhulupirira? Tiyeni tiyese kuzilingalira. Ndipo tiyeni tiyambe ndi zomwe zimaonedwa kuti ndizoyenera kuyika maukonde.
Kodi SCS ndi chiyani?
Dongosolo lililonse lokhazikika (SCS) ngati gawo lomaliza la zomangamanga zaumisiri limakhazikitsidwa m'magawo angapo:
- kupanga;
- kwenikweni, unsembe wa zomangamanga chingwe;
- kukhazikitsa malo olowera;
- kukhazikitsa malo osinthira;
- ntchito zotumizira.
Kupanga
Ntchito yaikulu iliyonse, ngati mukufuna kuichita bwino, imayamba ndi kukonzekera. Kwa SCS, kukonzekera koteroko ndiko kupanga. Apa ndipamene zimaganiziridwa kuti ndi ntchito zingati zomwe ziyenera kuperekedwa, madoko angati omwe akuyenera kukhala, ndi mphamvu zotani zomwe ziyenera kuyikidwa. Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kutsogoleredwa ndi miyezo (ISO/IEC 11801, EN 50173, ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A). M'malo mwake, ndipanthawiyi pomwe kuthekera kwa malire a netiweki yopangidwa kumatsimikiziridwa.
Chingwe chothandizira
Pakadali pano, mizere yonse yama chingwe imayikidwa kuti iwonetsetse kutumiza kwa data pa netiweki yakomweko. Makilomita a chingwe chamkuwa chopindika mozungulira awiriawiri. Mazana a kilogalamu zamkuwa. Kufunika koyika mabokosi a chingwe ndi ma tray - popanda iwo, kupanga makina opangidwa ndi chingwe sikutheka.
Malo olowera
Kuti malo ogwira ntchito azitha kupeza ma netiweki, malo olowera amayikidwa. Motsogozedwa ndi mfundo ya redundancy (imodzi mwa zofunika kwambiri pomanga SCS), mfundo zimenezi zimayikidwa mu kuchuluka kupitirira osachepera chiwerengero chofunika. Poyerekeza ndi maukonde amagetsi: zitsulo zambiri zimakhalapo, zimakhala zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito malo omwe intaneti yotereyi ilipo.
Kusintha mfundo, kutumiza
Chotsatira, chachikulu ndipo, monga chosankha, malo osinthira apakatikati amayikidwa. Makabati opangira ma racks / telecom amayikidwa, zingwe ndi madoko zimayikidwa chizindikiro, kulumikizana kumapangidwa mkati mwa malo ophatikizira komanso mu crossover node. Dongosolo losinthira limapangidwa, lomwe pambuyo pake limasinthidwa moyo wonse wa chingwe.
Magawo onse oyika akamaliza, dongosolo lonse limayesedwa. Zingwe zimalumikizidwa ku zida zogwira ntchito zamaneti, ndipo maukonde amamangidwa. Kutsata ma frequency bandwidth (kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono) komwe kumalengezedwa kwa SCS yoperekedwa kumafufuzidwa, malo ofikira omwe adapangidwira amatchedwa, ndipo magawo ena onse ofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa SCS amafufuzidwa. Zolakwika zonse zomwe zadziwika zimathetsedwa. Pambuyo pa izi, maukonde amasamutsidwa kwa kasitomala.
Sing'anga yeniyeni yotumizira uthenga yakonzeka. Chotsatira ndi chiyani?
Kodi "moyo" mu SCS ndi chiyani?
M'mbuyomu, deta kuchokera ku machitidwe osiyanasiyana, otsekedwa ku matekinoloje awo ndi ndondomeko zawo, adatumizidwa pazitsulo zamagetsi zamtundu wamba. Koma teknoloji yosungiramo nyama yakhala ikuchulukitsidwa ndi ziro. Ndipo tsopano m'dera lapafupi muli, mwina, Ethernet yokha yatsala. Telephony, kanema kuchokera ku makamera oyang'anitsitsa, ma alarm amoto, machitidwe otetezera, deta ya mita yogwiritsira ntchito, machitidwe olowera ndi intercom anzeru, pamapeto - zonsezi tsopano zikupita pamwamba pa Efaneti.
Smart intercom, njira yolowera ndi chida chowongolera kutali
Timakonza zomangamanga
Ndipo funso limadzuka: ndi chitukuko chosalekeza chaukadaulo, kodi timafunikirabe mbali zonse za SCS yachikhalidwe?
Kusintha kwa Hardware ndi mapulogalamu
Yakwana nthawi yovomereza chinthu chodziwikiratu: kusintha kwa hardware pamlingo wolumikizirana ndi zingwe zapatch kwadutsa phindu lake. Chilichonse chakhala chikuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito madoko a VLAN, ndipo olamulira amasankha mawaya m'mabwalo nthawi zonse pakakhala kusintha kulikonse pamtundu wa maukonde ndikubweza. Yakwana nthawi yoti mutenge sitepe yotsatira ndikungosiya mitanda ndi zigamba.
Ndipo zikuwoneka ngati zazing'ono, koma ngati mukuganiza za izo, padzakhala zopindulitsa zambiri kuchokera ku sitepe iyi kusiyana ndi kusintha kwa chingwe cha gulu lotsatira. Dziweruzireni nokha:
- Ubwino wa sing'anga yotumizira ma siginecha idzawonjezeka.
- Kudalirika kudzawonjezeka, chifukwa tikuchotsa awiri mwa atatu olumikizana ndi makina padongosolo (!).
- Zotsatira zake, mtundu wotumizira ma siginali udzawonjezeka. Osati zofunika, komabe.
- Padzakhala mwadzidzidzi malo m'zipinda zanu. Ndipo, mwa njira, padzakhala dongosolo lochulukirapo pamenepo. Ndipo izi ndikupulumutsa kale ndalama.
- Mtengo wa zida zomwe zachotsedwa ndizochepa, koma ngati mungaganizire kuchuluka kwa kukhathamiritsa, ndalama zambiri zitha kusonkhanitsidwa.
- Ngati palibe cholumikizira, mutha kudula mizere ya kasitomala mwachindunji pansi pa RJ-45.
Zomwe zimachitika? Tinafewetsa maukonde, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yotsika mtengo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo idakhala yocheperako komanso yotheka kuwongolera. Ubwino wonse!
Kapena, ndiye, kutaya china chake? π
M'malo mwa copper core
Kodi nchifukwa ninji timafunikira ma kilomita a zingwe zopotoka pamene chidziΕ΅itso chonse chimene chimayenda mumtolo wochindikala wa mawaya amkuwa chitha kufalitsidwa mosavuta kudzera mu ulusi wa kuwala? Tiyeni tiyike chosinthira madoko 8 muofesi yokhala ndi cholumikizira chowoneka bwino komanso, mwachitsanzo, thandizo la PoE. Kuchokera kuchipinda kupita ku ofesi pali fiber optic core imodzi. Kuchokera pakusintha kwa makasitomala - waya wamkuwa. Nthawi yomweyo, mafoni a IP kapena makamera owonera amatha kupatsidwa mphamvu nthawi yomweyo.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, osati unyinji wa chingwe chamkuwa mu thireyi zokongola za lattice chimachotsedwa, komanso ndalama zomwe zimafunikira pakuyika kukongola konseku, zachikhalidwe za SCS, zimapulumutsidwa.
Zowona, chiwembu choterechi chimatsutsana ndi lingaliro la kuyika "kolondola" kwa zida pamalo amodzi, ndikusunga ma switch pa chingwe ndi ma multiport okhala ndi madoko amkuwa adzagwiritsidwa ntchito pogula masiwichi ang'onoang'ono ndi PoE ndi Optics.
Kumbali ya kasitomala
Chingwe cham'mbali mwa kasitomala chinayamba nthawi yomwe ukadaulo wopanda zingwe umawoneka ngati chidole kuposa chida chenicheni chogwirira ntchito. "Zopanda zingwe" zamakono zidzapereka liwiro mosavuta kuposa zomwe chingwe chimapereka pakalipano, koma zimakupatsani mwayi womasula kompyuta yanu kuchokera pamalumikizidwe okhazikika. Inde, ma airwaves si mphira, ndipo sikutheka kudzaza ndi njira, koma, choyamba, mtunda kuchokera kwa kasitomala kupita kumalo olowera ukhoza kukhala wochepa kwambiri (zosowa za ofesi zimalola izi), ndipo kachiwiri, pali ndi mitundu yatsopano yaukadaulo yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mwachitsanzo, ma radiation owoneka (mwachitsanzo, otchedwa Li-Fi).
Ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana mkati mwa mamita 5-10, zokwanira kugwirizanitsa ogwiritsa ntchito 2-5, malo olowera amatha kuthandizira njira ya gigabit, yotsika mtengo komanso yodalirika kwambiri. Izi zidzapulumutsa wogwiritsa ntchito ku mawaya.
Kusintha kwa Optical S ndi rauta ya gigabit opanda zingwe yolumikizidwa ndi chingwe cha optical patch
Posachedwapa, mwayi woterewu udzaperekedwa ndi zipangizo zomwe zimagwira ntchito mu millimeter wave (802.11ad / ay), koma pakalipano, ngakhale pa liwiro lotsika, koma osagwira ntchito kwa ogwira ntchito muofesi, izi zikhoza kuchitika potengera 802.11 ac muyezo.
Zowona, munkhaniyi njira yolumikizira zida monga mafoni a IP kapena makamera amakanema amasintha. Choyamba, adzayenera kupatsidwa mphamvu zosiyana kudzera pamagetsi. Kachiwiri, zida izi ziyenera kuthandizira Wi-Fi. Komabe, palibe amene amaletsa kusiya chiwerengero china cha madoko amkuwa pamalo ofikira kwa nthawi yoyamba. Osachepera chifukwa chakumbuyo chakumbuyo kapena zosowa zosayembekezereka.
Mwachitsanzo, rauta opanda zingwe , 802.11a/b/g/n, 802.11ac Wave 2, 4xGE RJ45, 1xSFP
Chotsatira ndichomveka, chabwino?
Tilekere pomwepo. Tiyeni tilumikize malo olowera ndi chingwe cha fiber optic chokhala ndi bandwidth, tinene, gigabits 10. Ndipo tiyeni tiyiwale za chikhalidwe cha SCS ngati loto loyipa.
Chiwembucho chimakhala chosavuta komanso chokongola.
M'malo mwa milu ya makabati ndi matayala odzazidwa ndi chingwe chamkuwa, timayika kabati kakang'ono momwe chosinthira chokhala ndi "machulukidwe" "amakhala" kwa ogwiritsa ntchito 4-8 aliwonse, ndipo timakulitsa ulusi kuti ufikire malo. Ngati ndi kotheka, pazida zakale mutha kuyika madoko ena owonjezera "mkuwa" pano - sangasokoneze zida zazikulu mwanjira iliyonse.
Source: www.habr.com