M'nkhaniyi, ine ndikupereka kwa inu maganizo anga pa mbiri ndi ziyembekezo za chitukuko cha Intaneti, pakati ndi decentralized maukonde, ndipo chifukwa, zotheka kamangidwe ka m'badwo wotsatira decentralized maukonde.

Pali china chake cholakwika ndi intaneti

Ndinayamba kudziwana ndi intaneti mu 2000. Inde, izi ziri kutali kwambiri ndi chiyambi - Network inalipo kale izi zisanachitike, koma nthawi imeneyo ikhoza kutchedwa tsiku loyamba la intaneti. The World Wide Web ndi njira yopangidwa mwanzeru ya Tim Berners-Lee, web1.0 mu mawonekedwe ake ovomerezeka. Masamba ambiri ndi masamba olumikizana wina ndi mnzake ndi ma hyperlink. Poyang'ana koyamba, zomangamanga ndizosavuta, monga zinthu zonse zanzeru: m'madera ndi mfulu. Ndikufuna - ndimapita kumasamba a anthu ena potsatira ma hyperlink; Ndikufuna kupanga tsamba langa lomwe ndimasindikiza zomwe zimandisangalatsa - mwachitsanzo, zolemba zanga, zithunzi, mapulogalamu, ma hyperlink kumasamba omwe amandisangalatsa. Ndipo ena amanditumizira maulalo.

Zikuwoneka ngati chithunzi chowoneka bwino? Koma mukudziwa kale mmene zonsezi zinathera.

Masamba ndi ochuluka kwambiri, ndipo kufufuza zambiri kwakhala ntchito yosachepera. Ma hyperlink omwe adalembedwa ndi olemba sakanatha kupanga zambiri izi. Poyamba panali akalozera odzazidwa pamanja, kenako injini zazikulu zosakira zomwe zidayamba kugwiritsa ntchito ma algorithms anzeru. Mawebusayiti adapangidwa ndikusiyidwa, zambiri zidabwerezedwa ndikusokonekera. Intaneti idachita malonda mwachangu ndikusunthira kutali ndi intaneti yabwino yamaphunziro. Chilankhulo cha Markup mwamsanga chinakhala chinenero chojambula. Kutsatsa kudawoneka, zikwangwani zokwiyitsa komanso ukadaulo wolimbikitsira ndi kunyenga injini zosaka - SEO. Netiwekiyo idadzaza mwachangu ndi zinyalala zazidziwitso. Ma hyperlink asiya kukhala chida cholumikizirana momveka bwino ndipo akhala chida chokwezera. Mawebusaiti adadzitsekera okha, osatsegula "masamba" kukhala "mapulogalamu" osindikizidwa, ndipo adangokhala njira zopezera ndalama.

Ngakhale pamenepo ndinali ndi lingaliro linalake kuti "panachake chalakwika apa." Masamba ambiri, kuyambira masamba achikale okhala ndi mawonekedwe agoogly, mpaka "mega-portal" odzaza ndi zikwangwani zonyezimira. Ngakhale masambawo ali pamutu womwewo, sali ogwirizana konse, chilichonse chili ndi mapangidwe ake, mawonekedwe ake, zikwangwani zosasangalatsa, kusaka kosagwira bwino ntchito, zovuta pakutsitsa (inde, ndimafuna kukhala ndi chidziwitso pa intaneti). Ngakhale pamenepo, intaneti idayamba kusinthika kukhala mtundu wina wa kanema wawayilesi, pomwe zida zamitundu yonse zidakhomeredwa kukhala zothandiza.
Kugawikana kwa mayiko kwakhala vuto lalikulu.

Mukufuna chiyani?

Ndizodabwitsa, koma ngakhale pamenepo, sindikudziwa za intaneti 2.0 kapena p2p, ine, monga wogwiritsa ntchito, sindinkafuna kugawa mayiko! Kukumbukira malingaliro anga osasunthika a nthawizo, ndimafika pozindikira kuti ndimafunikira ... Unified database! Funso lotere lomwe lingabwezere zotsatira zonse, osati zomwe zili zoyenera kwambiri pamasanjidwe a algorithm. Chimodzi mwazotsatira zonsezi zingapangidwe mofanana ndi kusinthidwa ndi mapangidwe anga a yunifolomu, osati ndi mapangidwe odzipangira okha a Vasya Pupkins ambiri. Mmodzi yemwe angapulumutsidwe pa intaneti ndipo musawope kuti mawa tsambalo lizimiririka ndipo chidziwitsocho chidzatayika kosatha. Chimodzi chomwe ndimatha kulowamo zambiri zanga, monga ndemanga ndi ma tag. Chimodzi chomwe ndimatha kusaka, kusanja ndikusefa ndi ma aligorivimu anga.

Webusaiti ya 2.0 ndi malo ochezera a pa Intaneti

Pakadali pano, lingaliro la Web 2.0 lidalowa m'bwaloli. Adapangidwa mu 2005 ndi Tim O'Reilly ngati "njira yopangira machitidwe omwe, poganizira momwe ma network amagwirira ntchito, amakhala abwinoko momwe anthu amawagwiritsa ntchito" - kutanthauza kutengapo gawo kwa ogwiritsa ntchito pakupanga ndikusintha kwapaintaneti. Popanda kukokomeza, pachimake ndi kupambana kwa lingaliroli chinali Social Networks. Mapulatifomu akuluakulu omwe amalumikiza mabiliyoni a ogwiritsa ntchito ndikusunga mazana a ma petabytes a data.

Tinapeza chiyani pa social network?

kulumikizana kwa mawonekedwe; zidapezeka kuti ogwiritsa ntchito safunikira mwayi wonse wopanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokopa maso; masamba onse a ogwiritsa ntchito ali ndi mapangidwe ofanana ndipo izi zimagwirizana ndi aliyense ndipo ndizosavuta; Zomwe zili mkati ndizosiyana.
kugwirizana kwa magwiridwe antchito; mitundu yonse yamalemba idakhala yosafunikira. "Dyetsani", abwenzi, ma Albums ... pakukhalapo kwa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, ntchito zawo zimakhala zokhazikika ndipo sizingasinthe: pambuyo pake, ntchitoyo imatsimikiziridwa ndi mitundu ya ntchito za anthu, ndipo anthu sasintha. .
single database; zidakhala zosavuta kugwira ntchito ndi nkhokwe yotere kusiyana ndi masamba ambiri osiyana; kusaka kwakhala kosavuta. M'malo mopitiliza kuyang'ana masamba osiyanasiyana osagwirizana, ndikusunga zonse, kusanja pogwiritsa ntchito ma aligorivimu ovuta - funso losavuta lolumikizana ku database imodzi yokhala ndi mawonekedwe odziwika.
mawonekedwe a ndemanga - zokonda ndi kubwereza; pa intaneti yokhazikika, Google yemweyo sakanatha kupeza mayankho kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito atatsata ulalo wazotsatira. Pamalo ochezera a pa Intaneti, kulumikizana kumeneku kunakhala kosavuta komanso kwachilengedwe.

Tataya chiyani? Tataya kugawikana, kutanthauza ufulu. Akukhulupirira kuti deta yathu tsopano si athu. Ngati m'mbuyomu titha kuyika tsamba lanyumba ngakhale pakompyuta yathu, tsopano timapereka chidziwitso chathu ku zimphona zapaintaneti.

Kuphatikiza apo, intaneti itayamba kukula, maboma ndi mabungwe adayamba kuchita chidwi ndi izi, zomwe zidadzetsa mavuto azandale komanso kuletsa kukopera. Masamba athu pamasamba ochezera atha kuletsedwa ndikuchotsedwa ngati zomwe zili sizikugwirizana ndi malamulo aliwonse ochezera pa intaneti; paudindo wosasamala - bweretsani ku utsogoleri komanso mlandu.

Ndipo tsopano tikuganizanso: kodi sitiyenera kubweza kugawikana? Koma mu mawonekedwe osiyana, opanda zofooka za kuyesa koyamba?

Maukonde a anzanu ndi anzawo

Maukonde oyamba a p2p adawonekera kale ukonde wa 2.0 usanachitike ndipo adapangidwa molingana ndi chitukuko cha intaneti. Ntchito yayikulu ya p2p ndikugawana mafayilo; maukonde oyamba adapangidwa kuti asinthe nyimbo. Maukonde oyamba (monga Napster) anali apakati, motero adatsekedwa mwachangu ndi omwe ali ndi copyright. Otsatira adatsata njira yochepetsera mphamvu. Mu 2000, ED2K (woyamba kasitomala wa eDokney) ndi ma protocol a Gnutella adawonekera, mu 2001 - protocol ya FastTrack (KaZaA kasitomala). Pang'onopang'ono, kuchuluka kwa kugawikana kwa mayiko kunakula, matekinoloje adapita patsogolo. "Download queue" machitidwe adasinthidwa ndi mitsinje, ndipo lingaliro la distributed hash tables (DHT) linawonekera. Pamene mayiko akumangitsa zomangira, kusadziwika kwa omwe atenga nawo gawo kwakhala kofunika kwambiri. Network ya Freenet idapangidwa kuyambira 2000, I2003P kuyambira 2, ndipo projekiti ya RetroShare idakhazikitsidwa mu 2006. Titha kutchula maukonde ambiri a p2p, omwe analipo kale komanso omwe adasowa kale, ndipo akugwira ntchito pano: WASTE, MUTE, TurtleF2F, RShare, PerfectDark, ARES, Gnutella2, GNUNet, IPFS, ZeroNet, Tribbler ndi ena ambiri. Ambiri a iwo. Iwo ndi osiyana. Zosiyana kwambiri - zonse mu cholinga ndi mapangidwe ... Mwinamwake ambiri a inu simudziwa ngakhale mayina onsewa. Ndipo izi siziri zonse.

Komabe, ma network a p2p ali ndi zovuta zambiri. Kuphatikiza pa zofooka zaukadaulo zomwe zili mu protocol iliyonse ndi kukhazikitsa kwa kasitomala, mwachitsanzo, titha kuzindikira zovuta zina - zovuta zakusaka (i.e., chilichonse chomwe Web 1.0 adakumana nacho, koma mumtundu wovuta kwambiri). Palibe Google pano yomwe ili ndi kusaka kulikonse komanso pompopompo. Ndipo ngati pa maukonde ogawana mafayilo mutha kugwiritsabe ntchito kusaka ndi dzina la fayilo kapena zambiri za meta, ndiye kuti kupeza china, tinene, mu ma network a anyezi kapena i2p ndizovuta kwambiri, ngati sizingatheke.

Nthawi zambiri, ngati tijambula mafananidwe ndi intaneti yapamwamba, ndiye kuti maukonde ambiri okhazikika amakhala kwinakwake pamlingo wa FTP. Tangoganizirani za intaneti yomwe mulibe chilichonse koma FTP: palibe masamba amakono, palibe web2.0, palibe Youtube... Izi ndi pafupifupi momwe maukonde agawidwa. Ndipo ngakhale munthu ayesetsa kusintha china chake, pali zosintha zochepa mpaka pano.

Zamkatimu

Tiyeni titembenuzire ku gawo lina lofunika la chithunzithunzi ichi - zomwe zili. Zomwe zili ndiye vuto lalikulu lazinthu zilizonse zapaintaneti, makamaka zomwe zimagawidwa m'magulu. Mungazitenga kuti? Zachidziwikire, mutha kudalira okonda ochepa (monga momwe zimachitikira ndi ma network omwe alipo a p2p), koma ndiye kuti chitukuko cha netiweki chidzakhala chachitali, ndipo sipadzakhala zokhutira pamenepo.

Kugwira ntchito ndi intaneti yokhazikika kumatanthauza kusaka ndi kuphunzira zomwe zili. Nthawi zina - kupulumutsa (ngati zomwe zili ndizosangalatsa komanso zothandiza, ndiye ambiri, makamaka omwe adabwera pa intaneti m'masiku oyimba - kuphatikiza ine - sungani mwanzeru kuti musasowe; chifukwa intaneti ndi chinthu kupitirira mphamvu zathu, lero malowa alipo mawa palibe , lero pali kanema pa YouTube - mawa idzachotsedwa, ndi zina zotero.

Ndipo pamitsinje (yomwe timawona ngati njira yotumizira kuposa netiweki ya p2p), kupulumutsa nthawi zambiri kumatanthawuza. Ndipo izi, mwa njira, ndi imodzi mwazovuta za mitsinje: fayilo yomwe idatsitsidwa kamodzi imakhala yovuta kusamukira komwe kuli kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito (nthawi zambiri, muyenera kukonzanso kugawa) ndipo sikungatchulidwenso ( mukhoza kulimba, koma anthu ochepa amadziwa za izi).

Nthawi zambiri, anthu ambiri amasunga zinthu mwanjira ina. Kodi tsogolo lake n’lotani? Nthawi zambiri, mafayilo osungidwa amatha kwinakwake pa diski, mufoda ngati Kutsitsa, mulu wamba, ndikugona pamenepo ndi mafayilo ena masauzande ambiri. Izi ndi zoipa - komanso zoipa kwa wosuta mwiniwake. Ngati intaneti ili ndi injini zosakira, ndiye kuti makompyuta am'deralo alibe chilichonse chofanana. Ndibwino ngati wogwiritsa ntchito ali waudongo komanso wozolowera kusanja mafayilo otsitsidwa "obwera". Koma si onse omwe ali choncho ...

M'malo mwake, pali ambiri omwe sasunga chilichonse, koma amadalira pa intaneti. Koma pamanetiweki a p2p, zimaganiziridwa kuti zomwe zasungidwa zimasungidwa kwanuko pa chipangizo cha wogwiritsa ntchito ndikugawidwa kwa ena omwe atenga nawo mbali. Kodi ndizotheka kupeza yankho lomwe lingalole kuti magulu onse a ogwiritsa ntchito azichita nawo maukonde okhazikika popanda kusintha zizolowezi zawo, komanso kupangitsa moyo wawo kukhala wosavuta?

Lingaliro ndi losavuta: bwanji ngati titapanga njira yopulumutsira zomwe zili pa intaneti wamba, zosavuta komanso zowonekera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, komanso kupulumutsa mwanzeru - ndi chidziwitso cha semantic, osati mulu wamba, koma munjira inayake ndi kuthekera kokonzanso, komanso kugawa zomwe zasungidwa ku ukonde wogawidwa?

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kusunga

Sitidzalingalira za kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka intaneti powona zolosera zanyengo kapena ndandanda ya ndege. Timakonda kwambiri zinthu zodzidalira komanso zochulukirapo kapena zosasinthika - zolemba (kuchokera ku ma tweets / zolemba kuchokera pamasamba ochezera a pa Intaneti kupita ku nkhani zazikulu, monga pano pa Habré), mabuku, zithunzi, mapulogalamu, zomvetsera ndi makanema. Kodi zambiri zimachokera kuti? Kawirikawiri izi

malo ochezera a pa Intaneti (nkhani zosiyanasiyana, zolemba zazing'ono - "tweets", zithunzi, zomvetsera ndi makanema)
zolemba pazachidziwitso (monga Habr); Palibe zinthu zambiri zabwino, nthawi zambiri zinthuzi zimamangidwanso pa mfundo za malo ochezera a pa Intaneti
masamba ankhani

Monga lamulo, pali ntchito zokhazikika: "monga", "repost", "share pa social network", etc.

Tiyeni tiyerekeze zina msakatuli pulogalamu yowonjezera, yomwe idzapulumutse mwapadera zonse zomwe timakonda, kuyikanso, zosungidwa mu "zokonda" (kapena dinani batani lapadera la plugin lomwe likuwonetsedwa mumsakatuli - ngati tsambalo lilibe ntchito yofanana / repost/bookmark ). Lingaliro lalikulu ndikuti mumangolikonda - monga mudachitira kale miliyoni miliyoni, ndipo makinawo amasunga nkhaniyo, chithunzi kapena kanema m'malo osungiramo osapezeka pa intaneti ndipo nkhaniyi kapena chithunzichi chikupezeka - komanso kwa inu kuti muwone popanda intaneti kudzera pa intaneti. mawonekedwe amakasitomala okhazikika, komanso pamaneti omwe ali ndi magawo ambiri! Malingaliro anga, ndizothandiza kwambiri. Palibe zochita zosafunikira, ndipo timathetsa mavuto ambiri nthawi imodzi:

Kusunga zinthu zofunika zomwe zitha kutayika kapena kuchotsedwa
kudzazidwa mwachangu kwa netiweki yogawidwa
kuphatikizika kwa zinthu zochokera kumadera osiyanasiyana (mutha kulembetsedwa muzinthu zambiri za intaneti, ndipo zokonda zonse / zolembedwanso zitha kulowa munkhokwe imodzi yakumaloko)
kupanga zomwe zimakusangalatsani molingana ndi yanu malamulo

Mwachiwonekere, pulogalamu yowonjezera ya msakatuli iyenera kukonzedwa kuti igwirizane ndi tsamba lililonse (izi ndizoona - pali kale mapulagini osungira zomwe zili pa Youtube, Twitter, VK, ndi zina). Palibe masamba ambiri omwe ndizomveka kupanga mapulagini anu. Monga lamulo, awa ndi malo ochezera a anthu wamba (palibe opitilira khumi ndi awiri aiwo) komanso masamba angapo apamwamba kwambiri ngati Habr (palinso ochepa mwa awa). Ndi code yotseguka ndi mafotokozedwe, kupanga pulogalamu yowonjezera yatsopano yochokera pa template sikuyenera kutenga nthawi yochuluka. Kwa masamba ena, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito batani losunga chilengedwe chonse, lomwe lingasunge tsamba lonse mu mhtml - mwina mutachotsa kaye tsamba lazotsatsa.

Tsopano za kapangidwe

Pakusunga "mwanzeru" ndikutanthauza kupulumutsa ndi chidziwitso cha meta: gwero la zomwe zili (URL), mndandanda wazokonda zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa kale, ma tag, ndemanga, zowazindikiritsa, ndi zina zambiri. Pambuyo pake, panthawi yopulumutsa yachibadwa, chidziwitsochi chimatayika ... Gwero likhoza kumveka osati ulalo wolunjika, komanso ngati gawo la semantic: mwachitsanzo, gulu pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti kapena wogwiritsa ntchito amene adapanga repost. Pulagiyi ikhoza kukhala yanzeru mokwanira kuti igwiritse ntchito chidziwitsochi pakupanga ndi kuyika chizindikiro. Komanso, ziyenera kumveka kuti wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amatha kuwonjezera zambiri pazosungidwa zomwe zasungidwa, zomwe zimayenera kuperekedwa zida zowonetsera zosavuta (ndili ndi malingaliro ambiri momwe ndingachitire izi).

Chifukwa chake, nkhani yokonza ndi kukonza mafayilo am'deralo yathetsedwa. Ichi ndi phindu lokonzekera lomwe lingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngakhale popanda p2p iliyonse. Mtundu wina chabe wankhokwe wapaintaneti womwe umadziwa zomwe tidasunga, komwe komanso momwe tidasungira, ndikutilola kuchita maphunziro ang'onoang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, pezani anthu ochezera akunja omwe amakonda kwambiri zolemba zanu. Ndi malo angati ochezera a pa Intaneti omwe amalola izi momveka bwino?

Ziyenera kutchulidwa kale apa kuti pulogalamu yowonjezera imodzi sikokwanira. Chigawo chachiwiri chofunika kwambiri cha dongosolo ndi decentralized maukonde utumiki, amene amayendera chapansipansi ndi kutumikira onse p2p netiweki palokha (zopempha kwa maukonde ndi zopempha kwa kasitomala) ndi kupulumutsa zili zatsopano ntchito pulogalamu yowonjezera. Ntchitoyi, ikugwira ntchito limodzi ndi pulogalamu yowonjezera, idzayika zomwe zili pamalo abwino, kuwerengera ma hashes (ndipo mwinamwake kudziwa kuti zomwe zili kale zasungidwa kale), ndikuwonjezera zofunikira zowunikira kumalo osungirako zinthu.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti dongosololi lingakhale lothandiza kale mu fomu iyi, popanda p2p. Anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zodulira masamba zomwe zimawonjezera zosangalatsa kuchokera pa intaneti kupita ku Evernote, mwachitsanzo. Zomangamanga zomwe zikufunidwa ndi mtundu wotalikirapo wa clipper yotere.

Ndipo potsiriza, p2p kusinthana

Gawo labwino kwambiri ndikuti chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso cha meta (zonse zojambulidwa pa intaneti ndi zanu) zitha kusinthanitsa. Lingaliro la malo ochezera a pa Intaneti limasamutsidwa bwino ku zomanga za p2p. Titha kunena kuti malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ndi p2p akuwoneka kuti apangidwira wina ndi mnzake. Maukonde aliwonse ogawidwa m'magulu amayenera kumangidwa ngati malo ochezera, pokhapo pamene adzagwira ntchito bwino. "Anzake", "Magulu" - awa ndi anzawo omwewo omwe ayenera kukhala ndi kulumikizana kokhazikika, ndipo amatengedwa kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe - zomwe amakonda ogwiritsa ntchito.

Mfundo zosunga ndi kugawa zomwe zili mu network yogawidwa ndizofanana kwambiri ndi mfundo zosunga (kujambula) zomwe zili pa intaneti. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito zina kuchokera pa netiweki (ndipo mwasunga), ndiye kuti aliyense angagwiritse ntchito zinthu zanu (disk ndi tchanelo) zofunika kuti alandire izi.

Zokonda - chida chosavuta chopulumutsira ndikugawana. Ngati ndidakonda - zilibe kanthu pa intaneti yakunja kapena mkati mwamaneti otukuka - zikutanthauza kuti ndimakonda zomwe zili, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, ndiye kuti ndine wokonzeka kuzisunga kwanuko ndikuzigawa kwa ena omwe atenga nawo gawo pamaneti ogawidwa.

Zomwe zili mkati "sizidzatayika"; tsopano yasungidwa kwanuko, nditha kubwererako nthawi ina iliyonse, osadandaula kuti wina wayichotsa kapena kuiletsa.
Nditha (nthawi yomweyo kapena mtsogolo) kuziyika m'magulu, kuziyika, kupereka ndemanga pa izo, kuziphatikiza ndi zina, ndipo nthawi zambiri ndimachita zinazake zatanthauzo nazo - tiyeni tizitcha "m'badwo wodziwa zambiri."
Nditha kugawana zambiri za meta ndi mamembala ena amtaneti
Nditha kulunzanitsa zambiri za meta ndi zambiri za mamembala ena

Mwinanso, kusiya zokonda kumawonekanso zomveka: ngati sindimakonda zomwe zili, ndiye kuti ndizomveka kuti sindikufuna kuwononga malo anga a disk kuti ndisunge komanso njira yanga yapaintaneti pogawa izi. Chifukwa chake, zomwe sakonda sizikugwirizana kwenikweni ndi kugawikana (ngakhale nthawi zina zimatero zitha kukhala zothandiza).

Nthawi zina muyenera kusunga zomwe "sikuzikonda". Pali liwu loti "muyenera" :)
«Mabhukumaki” (kapena “Zokonda”) - Sindikunena kugwirizana ndi zomwe zili, koma ndimazisunga munkhokwe yanga yamakakinikidwe akomweko. Mawu oti "okondedwa" sali oyenera kwenikweni (pa izi pali zokonda ndi magawo awo otsatizana), koma "bookmarks" ndizoyenera. Zomwe zili mu "mabukumaki" zimagawidwanso - ngati "mukuzifuna" (ndiko kuti, "mumagwiritsa ntchito" mwanjira ina), ndiye kuti ndizomveka kuti wina "angazifune". Bwanji osagwiritsa ntchito chuma chanu kuchita izi?

Ntchito"друзья". Awa ndi anzawo, anthu omwe ali ndi zokonda zofanana, choncho omwe ali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi zomwe amakonda. Pa netiweki yodziwika bwino, izi zikutanthawuza kulembetsa ku ma feed a nkhani kuchokera kwa abwenzi ndikupeza ma catalogs (maalubu) awo omwe adasunga.

Zofanana ndi ntchito "magulu"- mtundu wina wa chakudya chamagulu, kapena mabwalo, kapena china chake chomwe mungalembetsenso - ndipo zikutanthauza kuvomereza zida zonse za gulu ndikugawa. Mwinanso “magulu,” monga mabwalo akulu akulu, akuyenera kukhala otsogola - izi zipangitsa kuti gulu likhazikike bwino, komanso kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa chidziwitso komanso kusavomereza / kugawa zomwe sizikusangalatsani.

Zina zonse

Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti zomangamanga zokhazikitsidwa nthawi zonse zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuposa zapakati. Muzinthu zapakati pali lamulo lokhazikika la code ya seva. M'madera omwe ali m'madera ambiri, pakufunika kukambirana pakati pa anthu ambiri ofanana. Zachidziwikire, izi sizingachitike popanda cryptography, blockchains ndi zina zomwe zachitika makamaka pa cryptocurrencies.

Ndikuganiza kuti mtundu wina wa cryptographic mutual trust ratings wopangidwa ndi otenga nawo mbali pamanetiweki ungafunike. Zomangamanga ziyenera kupangitsa kuti zitheke kulimbana bwino ndi ma botnets, omwe, omwe alipo mumtambo wina, amatha, mwachitsanzo, kuonjezera mavoti awo. Ndikufunadi makampani ndi minda ya botnet, ndi kukwezeka kwawo kwaukadaulo, kuti asatenge ulamuliro waukonde woterewu; kotero kuti gwero lake lalikulu ndi anthu amoyo omwe amatha kupanga ndikukonzekera zomwe zili zosangalatsa komanso zothandiza kwa anthu ena amoyo.

Ndikufunanso maukonde otere kuti asunthire chitukuko kupita patsogolo. Ndili ndi malingaliro ambiri pankhaniyi, omwe, komabe, sakugwirizana ndi kukula kwa nkhaniyi. Ndingonena kuti mwanjira inayake sayansi, luso, zamankhwala, ndi zina. zokhutira ziyenera kukhala patsogolo kuposa zosangalatsa, ndipo izi zidzafuna kusamala. Kuwongolera kwa netiweki yokhazikika palokha si ntchito yocheperako, koma itha kuthetsedwa (komabe, mawu oti "moderation" apa ndi olakwika kwathunthu ndipo samawonetsa kwenikweni zomwe zimachitika - osati kunja kapena mkati ... Sindinathe ngakhale kuganiza za momwe njirayi ingatchulidwe).

Zingakhale zosafunikira kutchula kufunika koonetsetsa kuti anthu sakudziwika, ponseponse pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomangidwira (monga i2p kapena Retroshare) komanso kudutsa magalimoto onse kudzera mu TOR kapena VPN.

Ndipo potsirizira pake, mapangidwe a mapulogalamu (ojambulidwa mwadongosolo pachithunzi cha nkhaniyi). Monga tanenera kale, gawo loyamba la dongosololi ndi pulogalamu yowonjezera ya osatsegula yomwe imajambula zomwe zili ndi meta. Chigawo chachiwiri chofunika kwambiri ndi utumiki wa p2p, womwe umayenda kumbuyo ("backend"). Kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka netiweki siziyenera kudalira ngati msakatuli akuyenda. Chigawo chachitatu ndi kasitomala mapulogalamu - frontend. Uwu ukhoza kukhala ntchito yapaintaneti yakomweko (panthawiyi, wogwiritsa ntchito azitha kugwira ntchito ndi netiweki yokhazikika popanda kusiya msakatuli wake yemwe amamukonda), kapena pulogalamu yosiyana ya GUI ya OS inayake (Windows, Linux, MacOS, Andriod, iOS, etc.). Ndimakonda lingaliro lazosankha zonse zakutsogolo zomwe zilipo nthawi imodzi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, izi zidzafuna zomangamanga zowonongeka kwambiri.

Palinso mbali zina zambiri zomwe sizinaphatikizidwe m'nkhaniyi. Kulumikizana ndi kugawa kwa mafayilo omwe alipo (ie, mukakhala ndi ma terabytes angapo a data pumped, ndipo mumalola kasitomala kuti ajambule, atenge ma hashes, afananize ndi zomwe zili mkati mwa Network ndikulowa nawo kugawa, komanso nthawi yomweyo. nthawi kupeza zodziwikiratu za mafayilo awo - mayina wamba, mafotokozedwe, mavoti, ndemanga, ndi zina zambiri), kulumikizana kwa magwero akunja a metainformation (monga database ya Libgen), kugwiritsa ntchito mwakufuna kwa disk space kusunga zomwe anthu ena amabisa (monga Freenet). ), kamangidwe kaphatikizidwe ndi maukonde omwe alipo (iyi ndi nkhalango yakuda kwathunthu), lingaliro la media hashing (kugwiritsa ntchito ma hashes apadera azinthu zama media - zithunzi, zomvera ndi makanema, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wofananiza mafayilo amawu tanthauzo lofanana, losiyana mu kukula, kusamvana, etc.) ndi zina zambiri.

Chidule cha nkhaniyi

1. Mu maukonde ogawidwa mulibe Google yokhala ndi kusaka ndi kusanja kwake - koma pali Gulu la anthu enieni. Malo ochezera a pa Intaneti omwe ali ndi malingaliro ake (zokonda, zolembanso ...) ndi ma graph ochezera (abwenzi, madera ...) ndi njira yabwino yogwiritsira ntchito maukonde otukuka.
2. Lingaliro lalikulu lomwe ndimabweretsa ndi nkhaniyi ndikupulumutsa zokha zomwe zili zosangalatsa kuchokera pa intaneti nthawi zonse mukayika ngati / repost; izi zitha kukhala zothandiza popanda p2p, kungosunga mbiri yanu yazambiri zosangalatsa
3. Izi zimathanso kudzaza maukonde ogawidwa
4. Mfundo yosungira zokha zosangalatsa zomwe zili zosangalatsa zimagwiranso ntchito ndi zokonda / zotumiziranso pamanetiweki ambiri

Source: www.habr.com

Lingaliro la m'badwo wotsatira wokhazikitsa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti