Tikupitiliza zolemba zathu zokhudzana ndi kulowetsa m'malo. Zofalitsa zam'mbuyomu zakambirana , ndipo makamaka .
Tsopano ndi nthawi yoti tilankhule za machitidwe a "pakhomo" omwe akuphatikizidwamo Masiku ano.
0. Poyambira
Ndinadzigwira ndikuganiza kuti sindikudziwa ndi magawo ati ofananitsa magawo a LINUX. Anakwera mkati , sizinamveke bwino. Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe muyenera kuziganizira? Zoyenera kutenga ngati poyambira? Koma ine, chofunikira kwambiri pa seva OS ndikukhazikika. Koma mkati mwa njira yoyesera, mawu oti "kukhazikika" amveka ngati achilendo. Chabwino, ndikukumba mu dongosolo loperekedwa kwa sabata ... Koma sabata si chizindikiro m'dziko limene zaka zingapo za uptime sizili mtengo wamba. Kuyesa Kupsinjika Maganizo? Momwe mungayikitsire dongosolo pa stand? Kuphatikiza apo, ndi OS yomwe imayenera kukwezedwa, osati kugwiritsa ntchito, ndikuyikidwa kuti iwonongeke ...
Koma kenako ndidazindikira kuti kukhazikika kumatha kusinthidwa kuchokera pagulu logawa lomwe ndi tate wa "zanyumba" OS. Kwa Astra, mwachitsanzo, uyu ndi Debian, wa ROSA - Red Hat, for Calculate - Gentoo, etc. Ndipo kokha kwa Alt idapangidwa kuchokera ku Mandriva kalekale kotero kuti imatha kuonedwa ngati yogawa paokha (mogwirizana ndi OS ena onse "zapakhomo"). Koma chonde kumbukirani kuti zonsezi ndizokhazikika, chifukwa sizikudziwika zomwe omalizawo adayika m'makhodi oyambira, komanso zomwe zidasinthidwa ngati gawo lowonjezera chitetezo cha OS.
Njira yomwe imayang'aniridwa kwambiri ndi kapangidwe ka ma phukusi ogawa a OS ndi mapaketi omwe ali m'malo ake. Koma pankhaniyi tiyenera kupitilira pazofunikira. Ndili ndi ntchito zanga zomwe ziyenera kuthetsedwa, muli nazo zanu, ndipo njira yosankha mapulogalamu iyenera kukhala iyi: "Ntchitoyo ndikusankha mapulogalamu," osati mosemphanitsa, monga momwe zimakhalira nthawi zambiri zopanda phindu. .
Chifukwa chake, nayi mautumiki omwe akuyenera kutumizidwa "pakusuntha":
- Seva ya imelo
- Zabbix
- DBMS
- Seva yapaintaneti
- Jabber seva
- Zosunga
- Office suite
- Makasitomala a SUFD ndi Bank
- Wotumiza makalata
- Msakatuli
AD, DNS, DHCP, CertService khalani pa ma seva a Windows (zofotokozera za izi zidaperekedwa ). Koma mwachilungamo, ndikuzindikira kuti Directory Service ikhoza kukwezedwa pa SAMBA kapena FreeIPA yomweyo, ndipo magawo ena amati "zawo" zolemba zolemba (Astra Linux Directory, ALT, ROSA Directory, Lotos Directory). DNS ndi DHCP zimagwiranso ntchito pakugawa kulikonse kwa Linux, koma si aliyense amene amafunikira seva yotsimikizira.
Seva ya imelo. Ndimakonda Zimbra. Ndinagwira ntchito nayo, ndiyosavuta, imatha kupeza deta kuchokera ku Exchange, imatha kuchita zinthu zina zambiri. Koma ikhoza kutumizidwa pa ROSA Linux. Mutha kuyiyika pa ma OS ena, koma sizingaganizidwe kuti ndizovomerezeka. Kumbali ina, makina aliwonse "apakhomo" ali ndi ma seva ake a makalata; Ndinathamangira ku Zimbra.
Zabbix. Alibe opikisana naye. Zowonjezereka mkati mwa dongosolo la kulowetsa m'malo. Zabbix ikuphatikizidwa mu Alt Linux, RED OS, Astra ndi ROSA. Amalembedwa kuti "osakhazikika".
DBMS. PostgreSQL kuthandizira onse "zapakhomo" OS.
Seva yapaintaneti. Apache likupezeka mu machitidwe onse a seva.
Jabber seva. Kawirikawiri, zimakonzedwa kuti zidziwitse Bitrix 24, koma ndazoloΕ΅era kuti zonse zimachitika kwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri, choncho ndikuganizira mwayi wokambirana ndi makampani okhudzana ndi jabber. Ndazolowera Moto wowonekera. Iye ali mkati . Palinso ejabberd ngati gawo la ROSA, Alt, RED OS ndi Astra.
Zosunga. Pali Chipinda, yophatikizidwa mu Astra, Rosa, Alt, Calculate, AlterOS.
Office suite. Free office suite Ofesi ya Libre imapezeka mumakasitomala onse (ndipo nthawi zambiri seva) makina opangira "zapakhomo".
Wotumiza makalata. Thunderbird imapezeka mumakasitomala onse (ndipo nthawi zambiri seva) makina opangira "zapakhomo".
Msakatuli. Zochepa Firefox ya Mozilla kupezeka pa ma OS onse. Yandex msakatuli Mukhozanso kukhazikitsa pa onse Os.
Π‘ Makasitomala a SUFD ndi Bank zonse ndizovuta kwambiri. Mwalamulo, zonsezi zitha kugwira ntchito pafupifupi "zapakhomo" machitidwe opangira. M'zochita, ndizovuta kuyesa izi, chifukwa muyenera kutenga wogwiritsa ntchito, mubweretse ku makina oyesedwa ndikunena kuti "yesani." Izi ndizodzaza. Chifukwa chake kwa nthawi yoyamba ndikusiya chiwembu chakale - makina enieni a kasitomala aliyense wa Bank omwe ali ndi Windows ndi chizindikiro chotumizidwa mmenemo. Mwamwayi, Linux imadziwa kutumizira ma tokeni molondola. Ndipo zidzawoneka kumeneko.
Kenako, tiyeni tipitirize kusankha Ma Operating Systems omwe amagwirizana ndi zosowa zathu. Koma chifukwa cha zolinga, ndinayesera kuphimba machitidwe ambiri momwe ndingathere kuchokera ku Ministry of Communications and Mass Media register.
1. Zomwe mungasankhe
Mndandanda womwe uli m'kaundula wa Unduna wa Telecom ndi Mass Communications ndi wokulirapo, koma potsatira msonkhano wa bungwe la akatswiri pa mapulogalamu aku Russia pansi pa Unduna wa Telecom ndi Mass Communications ku Russia, zidagamula. Β«Ulyanovsk.BSDΒ«,Β«RED OS"Ndipo"Mzere".
Makina omwe ndidawona kuti ndi ofunikira "kukhudza":
- AstraLinux
- Alto
- Terengani Linux
- PINK Linux
- RED OS
- AlterOS
- WTware
Machitidwe omwe amadzutsa mafunso ambiri kuposa momwe amayankhira (kwa ine):
- Ulyanovsk.BSD
- Mzere
- QP OS
- Alpha OS
- OS LOTUS
- HaloOS
Poyamba ndinkafuna kupereka zowonetsera, mafotokozedwe, mawonekedwe a OS iliyonse ... Koma zonsezi zinali kale. Pali zithunzi zambiri pamasamba a omanga, mafotokozedwe alipo ndipo m'nkhani mazana ambiri pamutuwu pa RuNet, mafotokozedwe a kuthekera akupezekanso pamasamba ovomerezeka ... Koma ngati simupereka " kuchitaβ, ndiye chirichonse chidzabweranso ku chiphunzitso, monga momwe zinalili m'nkhani ziwiri zoyambirira. Kanema? palinso^Padzakhala mbale yachidule, inde, koma sikuchita...
Chifukwa chake pamapeto pake ndidaganiza zongolemba malingaliro ndi malingaliro anga pa distro iliyonse ndikuyesa. Chabwino, zothandiza pang'ono, osati zothandiza, zambiri.
1.1. Astra Linux
Zomasulira zamakono:
Astra Linux Common Edition - 2.12
Astra Linux Special Edition - 1.6
Kugawa kwa makolo ndi Debian.
Mapangidwe a mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu amatha kuwonedwa . (Batani la "Zambiri" losawoneka pansi pazithunzi zamapulogalamu odziwika pagawo la "COMPOSITION OF THE OPERATING SYSTEM".)
Zimatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri kukhazikitsa. Zinatenga pafupifupi ola limodzi ndi theka kuti agwiritse ntchito OS pamakina enieni ... Ndiko kuti, ngati pakufunika kuyika pa ma PC 1500 mu domain, zidzatenga nthawi yochuluka.
Uyu ndi Debian. Ichi ndi cholowa cha Debian. Astra ili ndi mapaketi akale kwambiri kuposa kholo lawo, pomanga komanso posungira. Ngati pakufunika kufunikira kwachangu, ndizotheka kulumikiza malo a Debian, komabe, izi zimangoletsa kulowetsa kulikonse (pankhaniyi, mutha kusintha makinawo kuchokera ku Debian apt update && apt upgrade repository, ndipo ipitiliza kugwira ntchito. ... komabe, sindikudziwa kuti ndi chilombo chotani chomwe tinathera, ndinamuwombera chifukwa cha chifundo ngati ..).
"Fly" pa desktop. M'malo mwake, GUI siyofunikira pa seva konse, ngakhale imathandizira zina. Koma kwa wosuta OS palibe paliponse popanda izo. Ponseponse, zimasiya mawonekedwe osangalatsa, pomwe zili pafupi kwambiri ndi Windows, zomwe zimathandizira kusintha kwa OS iyi kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Kawirikawiri, pali zambiri "-Fly" mu dongosolo, ndipo zonsezi ndi chitukuko cha JSC NPO RusBITech. Ma hotkeys amagwira ntchito mofanana ndi momwe amachitira pa Windows. Win + E imatsegula Explorer, Win imatsegula mndandanda wa ntchito, ndi zina. Nthawi zambiri, mwachiwonekere, opanga adayesetsa kubweretsa mawonekedwe pafupi ndi Windows.
OS imajowina AD, imakupatsani mwayi wokonza chilolezo, ndi zina. Pakuyesedwa, idakhala yokhazikika (monga momwe tingaweruzire panthawi yoyeserera), osati yachikale komanso yosavuta komanso yosangalatsa ya Debian OS.
Ngati mukufuna, mutha kukhazikitsa phukusi kuchokera kunja kwa nkhokwe. Ndinayesa kugwiritsa ntchito OpenFire monga chitsanzo. Mumatsitsa phukusi la Debian, ndipo chilichonse chimayikidwa mosavuta.
Kuti athetse mavuto anga, angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati nsanja yotumizira Zabbix, seva ya Jabber, PosgreSQL, Apache. Monga mwachizolowezi OS, imakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse (Nice mawonekedwe, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox). Sindinayese SUFD ndi Bank Client.
The Special Edition imasiyana ndi Common Edition kuti Special ndi yoyenera kugwira ntchito ndi zinsinsi za boma ndi zolemba zina zachinsinsi, zimatsimikiziridwa ndi izi. Common ndi "nthawi zonse" OS, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kumene certification sikufunika, ndipo palibe chifukwa kugwira ntchito ndi chinsinsi.
Mtengo wa chilolezo cha 1 Special EditionMtengo: 14 rubles
Mtengo wa chilolezo cha 1 Common EditionMtengo: 3 rubles
1.2. Alto
Kugawa kwa makolo - Alt Linux (mu 2000, MandrakeLinux idatengedwa ngati maziko)
Chinthu choyamba chimene chinandidabwitsa ine chinali installer. Ndisanalembe nkhaniyi, ndinalibe chidziwitso ndi dongosololi, ndipo ndinakondwera kwambiri ndi woyikirayo.
Ndidakonda seva OS; Nditha kuyika chilichonse chomwe ndingafune pamenepo, kupatula Zimbra ngati gawo lolowetsamo, inde. Mutha kuyikanso woyang'anira madambwe (pali kukhazikitsidwa kwanu kutengera OpenLDAP ndi MIT Kerberos).
Pa seva pali kompyuta ya KDE. Palibe kusintha kulikonse komwe kuli kofanana ndi koyambirira. Vuto ndilakuti KDE sinasinthepo pa OS yogwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito adzalira chifukwa cha chizolowezi.
Ubwino waukulu wa dongosololi ndi chakuti lapangidwa ku Russia kwa zaka pafupifupi 20. Ili ndi mapulogalamu ambiri m'malo osungiramo zinthu komanso chidziwitso chambiri.
Ndikufuna kudziwa kuti Basalt SPO ndi anyamata abwino. Iwo anachita chinachake chawo chawo kale pamene sichinali mtsinje waukulu, ndipo akupitiriza kutero. Ndipo amachita bwino.
Mtengo wa layisensi imodzi ya sevaMtengo: 10 rubles
Client OSMtengo: 4 rubles
1.3. Werengani Linux
Kugawa kwa makolo - Gentoo
Mutha kuwona mapaketiwo .
Pali zosintha zokhala ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana a GUI, pali zambiri zomwe mungasankhe kuti zikhale zosavuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Kusindikiza kwa KDE, mwachitsanzo, kuli pafupi kwambiri ndi Windows.
Chifukwa chakuti kutuluka kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikitsa phukusi, kukhazikitsa malo ogwirira ntchito kumatenga nthawi yochuluka ngati kuchitidwa pamanja. Ansible ingakhale yothandiza kwambiri pano, koma ndikofunikira kuganizira zosankha zonse.
Dongosololi limatha kusintha zokha ndipo limatha kugwira ntchito mu AD.
Ubwino waukulu wa OS, m'malingaliro mwanga, ndi Calculate Console, chinthu chosavuta komanso chothandiza.
Kuwerengera kulibe chithandizo.
Kawirikawiri, dongosololi ndiloyenera kusamala; lingathe kuthandizira pafupifupi mautumiki onse omwe ndikufunikira: Zabbix (zokayikitsa, ziyenera kuyesedwa m'malo opangira), seva ya jabber, PosgreSQL, Apache. Monga mwachizolowezi OS, imakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse (Nice mawonekedwe, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox). Sindinayese SUFD ndi Bank Client.
Mtengo pa layisensi: mfulu
1.4. ROSA Linux
Zomasulira zamakono:
ROSA Enterprise Linux Server - 6.9
ROSA Enterprise Desktop - 11
Kugawa kwa makolo - Mandriva
Wosuta OS samayambira pa Hyper-V. Ngakhale okhazikitsa sangayambe. "Ntchito yoyambira ikugwira ntchito mpaka ntchito yoyambira itatha .." Ndinayenera kuyiyika pa PC.
Desktop ya KDE pakukhazikitsa kwa ROSA ili pafupi ndi Windows, yomwe ndiyabwino kwa wosuta OS. Palinso zosankha ndi GNOME, LXQt, Xfce, pali zambiri zoti musankhe. Vuto lokhalo ndikuti mtundu wa LibreOffice ndiwosakhalitsa.
Mapangidwe a mapulogalamu angapezeke mu
Seva OS yakhala yokhazikika. Dongosololi litha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa ntchito zonse zomwe zimandisangalatsa, kuphatikiza Zimbra.
Amadziwa momwe angagwirire ntchito ndi AD ndipo amatha kulowamo. Itha kukhalanso ngati seva yovomerezeka. Kuphatikizirapo ndikukhazikitsa kwake kwa woyang'anira madambwe - RDS, yopangidwa pamaziko a freeIPA.
Mtengo wa layisensi imodzi ya sevaMtengo: 10 rubles
Client OSMtengo: 3 rubles
1.5. RED OS
Chimodzimodzinso ndi Astra - kuyika kwautali kwambiri. Ola limodzi ndi theka +-
Kugawa kwa makolo - Chipewa Chofiira
Zoyambira phukusi zitha kuwonedwa . . .
Desktop ndi KDE. Ndi kusintha kochepa kuchokera pachiyambi. Zithunzizi sizotopetsa ndipo zithunzi ndi zofiira.
Mtundu wa Linux kernel ndi imodzi mwamachitidwe aposachedwa "apakhomo" pamsika.
Imamamatira ku AD, chilolezo chikhoza kukhazikitsidwa.
Kubwerera ku mfundo yakuti GUI siyofunika kwa seva, RED HAT ndi RED HAT. Ndizokhazikika, zolembedwa, ndipo pali zolemba zambiri za momwe mungakhazikitsire chilichonse.
Ndikhoza kunena ndi chidaliro kuti dongosolo si loipa. Kuti athetse mavuto anga, angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati nsanja yotumizira Zabbix, seva ya Jabber, PosgreSQL, Apache. Palibe Bacula pa izo. Monga wosuta OS, imakwaniritsa zofunikira (LibreOffice ndi yachikale, Thunderbird ndi Firefox zilipo). Sindinayese SUFD ndi Bank Client.
Mtengo wa layisensi imodzi ya sevaMtengo: 13 rubles
Client OSMtengo: 5 rubles
1.6. AlterOS
Zomasulira zamakono:
Seva - 7.5
Pakompyuta - 1.6
Kugawa kwa makolo - openSUSE
Pakuyika konse, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito OS, ndinali ndi malingaliro amphamvu kuti ndikugwira ntchito ndi CentOS, osati ndi openSUSE.
Kutsimikizika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kumatenga pafupifupi masekondi 20, zomwe zimapangitsa chisokonezo.
Pa makina enieni mu chilengedwe cha Hyper-V, cholozera cha mbewa chinakhala chosawoneka ... Icho chinagwira ntchito, chinawonetsa mabatani, ndikudina pa iwo, koma sindinachiwone. Kuyambiranso sikunathandize, sindinawonebe cholozera.
Sizinali zotheka kupeza mndandanda wokhala ndi mapulogalamu a pulogalamuyo, chifukwa chake ndidayenera kuyang'ana pazosungira pamanja. Sitinathe kukumba zonse zomwe timafuna, koma zonse tapeza zinthu zambiri.
Desktop ya KDE yokhala ndi chithandizo cha hotkey ndiyosavuta. Mapangidwewo ndi abwino, pafupi ndi Windows, omwe ndi abwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kumapeto. Nthawi zambiri, GUI idandisangalatsa, ngati sicholakwika (kapena mawonekedwe) okhala ndi cholozera chosawoneka.
Amadziwa momwe angagwirire ntchito ndi AD ndipo amatha kulowamo. Itha kukhalanso ngati seva yovomerezeka.
Ndinalibe vuto lililonse ndi AlterOS, kupatula cholozera, kotero dongosolo ndi ntchito ndithu.
Kuti athetse mavuto anga, angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati nsanja yotumizira PosgreSQL, Apache. Monga mwachizolowezi OS, imakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse (Nice mawonekedwe, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox). Sindinayese SUFD ndi Bank Client.
mu mawonekedwe a zithunzi ndi zolemba.
Mtengo wa 1 chilolezoMtengo: 11 rubles
1.7. WTware
WTware singatchulidwe kuti OS mwanjira yanthawi zonse. Dongosololi ndikuwonjezera pa seva OS, ndikuyisintha kukhala RDP yolumikizira makasitomala owonda, ndi phukusi lomwe limalola makasitomala oonda kuti ayambe pa intaneti. Imathandizira Windows Server kuyambira 2000 mpaka 2016, Hyper-V VDI, Windows remote control, xrdp pa Linux, Mac Terminal Server.
Muli seva ya TFTP yopangidwira kuti makasitomala azitsitsa pamanetiweki, seva ya HTTP yomwe imagwira ntchito limodzi ndi TFTP, ndi seva ya DHCP popereka ma adilesi a IP kwa makasitomala. Ithanso kuyambitsa makina a kasitomala kuchokera ku hdd, CD-ROM kapena flash drive.
Mapulogalamu ndi abwino .
mtengo aliyense zilolezo:
1 - 9 zilolezo: 1000 rubles
10 - 19 zilolezo: 600 rubles
20 - 49 zilolezo: 500 rubles
50 - 99 zilolezo: 400 rubles
100 kapena kupitilira apo: ma ruble 350
1.8. Ulyanovsk.BSD
Zomasulira zamakono:
Ulyanovsk.BSD 12.0 KUSINTHA P3
Kugawa kwa makolo - FreeBSD
Monga momwe zinalembedwera pamwambapa, Ulyanovsk.BSD ili ndi mwayi uliwonse wochotsedwa ku kaundula wa Unduna wa Telecom ndi Mass Communications, popeza imachokera ku FreeBSD, pafupifupi sichisiyana ndi choyambirira, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito malo ake, omwe, mkati mwa dongosolo. kulowetsa m'malo, kumayambitsa chisokonezo chachikulu pa zomwe zitha kuonedwa kuti ndi zovomerezeka.
Ulyanovsk.BSD "inapangidwa" ndi munthu mmodzi. China chake chimandiuza kuti pang'ono zasintha mkati ndikugawa kwa makolo FreeBSD. M'mawu amodzi, sindingaganizirenso, ngakhale ndipereka deta mu tebulo lachidule, kuti ndimveke bwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, kugawa kotsitsidwa sikunayambike pa Hyper-V mwina Windows 10 kapena m'malo am'magulu a 2012R2. The hypervisor sanawone poyambira. Ndinaganiza kuti sindikufunikira panthawiyi ...
Sindikuwona mfundo yolemba china chilichonse, pali ndemanga zambiri pa FreeBSD, kotero tiyeni tipitirire ndipo tisachedwe.
Mtengo wa 1 chilolezo: 500 pakani.
1.9. Mzere
Mtundu waposachedwa: - 2.1
Kugawa kwa makolo - CentOS
Chiyambireni kulembedwa kwa nkhani yapitayi, zomwe zili patsamba la OS sizinasinthe; ulalo wotsitsa sukugwirabe ntchito. Comrade Ndawonjeza ulalo ku zida zogawa mu ndemanga, zikomo kwa Munthu. Koma mfundo yakuti otukula sanayankhebe pempho langa, pali mavuto ndi malowa ndipo kuphatikizidwa kwa OS mu kaundula wa Unduna wa Telecom ndi Mass Communications kwafunsidwa, sikudzutsa chidwi kwambiri. maganizo okhudza ziyembekezo. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, ndikuyamba kutsamira ku lingaliro lakuti palibenso chifukwa chodikirira zosintha za OS, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, ganizirani dongosolo lakufa.
Lingaliro losiya kuthandizira limathandizidwanso ndi mfundo yakuti yum update command imabweretsanso "Palibe mapepala omwe alembedwa kuti asinthe", ndiye kuti, kuyambira kumasulidwa komaliza kwa 2018.11.23, yomwe ili kale miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, palibe chomwe chasintha m'malo osungirako. .
OS OS ndi mulingo wokhazikika wogwirira ntchito, palibenso choposa nthawi zonse.
Kukhazikitsa kumathamanga kwambiri (mogwirizana ndi magawo ena onse). Malo osungiramo ndi ochepa, mtundu wa Linux kernel ndi wakale kwambiri - 3.10.0, ndipo phukusi la mapulogalamu ndi lachikale.
Sindinakonde kwenikweni GUI. Sikuti mndandanda wantchito umapangidwa modabwitsa (magulu kumanja, mabatani kumanzere), komanso ndi wopanda chidziwitso. Ndi chifukwa cha ma GUI otere omwe ogwiritsa ntchito wamba amadana ndi Linux m'mawonekedwe ake onse ...
Chinthu chokhacho chomwe ndimakonda ndikukakamirapo chinali masewera omangidwamo a 2048 ... ndidakhala pafupifupi mphindi 15 ndikusewera mpaka ndidazindikira ...
Mtengo wa chilolezo: mfulu
1.10. QP OS
"QP OS sichiri chofanana ndi machitidwe ena aliwonse ogwiritsira ntchito ndipo inapangidwa kuchokera pachiyambi ..." (c) Cryptosoft ikupereka "kusiyana" kumeneku monga kuphatikiza kwa dongosolo lake, koma kwenikweni, kuchokera pa izi tikhoza kunena kuti palibe nsikidzi zomwe zadziwika " Muli matani ambiri momwemo, ndipo oyambitsa okha ndi omwe atha kuwongolera, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri mtengo wake pamaso pa oyang'anira dongosolo.
Nkhani yapitayi idachititsa chidwi ndi kampani ya Cryptosoft. Woimira wawo adalembetsa pa HabrΓ© kuti afotokoze "fi" yake. Ndemanga yake inali motere:
Zomwe zinandiuza zambiri za ziyeneretso za wopanga. Pambuyo pa mawu ovomerezekawa, ndinadzipangira ndekha kuti sindidzabwera mkati mwa kilomita imodzi kuchokera kuzinthu zawo. Ngati wopanga anena kuti "kugawika kwa hypervisors kukhala mitundu ndi chinthu chachibale," ndiye kuti sakumvetsetsa zomwe akunena. Koma, ndinaganiza zokhala ndi cholinga ndipo ndinapempha kugawidwa kwa mayeso. Sindinayankhe. C.T.D.
M'malo mwake, Cryptosoft ndiabwino. Iwo anachitadi chinachake chatsopano, chinachake chawo, ndipo maganizo anga kwa iwo amachokera pamalingaliro awo achilendo (ndi mawu a munthu amene analemba ndemanga m'malo mwawo pa nkhani yapitayi). Koma ndizofunikanso kuzindikira kuti ali ndi njira yodabwitsa kwambiri yopangira mawonekedwe. Mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe awo a hypervisor ndi 99.99% omwe amakopedwa kuchokera ku VirtualBox (kuphatikizapo "mapangidwe" a mabatani ..), mawonekedwe a QP DB Manager Tool amachokera ku Veeam, ndi zina zotero.
Mtengo:
Chifukwa china chomwe sindikufuna kuchita nawo QP ndikusowa kwa OS yogulitsa kwaulere.
1.11. Alpha OS
Mwachiwonekere, palibe OS yotereyi. Ndifotokoza chifukwa chake. Sizingagulidwe. Sizingatsitsidwe (ngakhale pamasamba oletsedwa, ngati mukudziwa zomwe ndikutanthauza). Ili ndi malongosoledwe, gulu lotsekedwa pa VK, kanema imodzi panjira ya YouTube ndi tsamba lofotokozera (zithunzi zingapo ndi kanema). Zonse. Sizinasinthidwe kwa chaka chathunthu. Ndipo palibe amene adayankha kalata yanga ndi pempho logula.
Malinga ndi kufotokozera, uku ndi pafupifupi kudzozedwa ndi Mulungu kwa MacOS ndi Windows. Pali mtundu wamakasitomala okha; palibe mtundu wa seva. Ndizokongola, ndipo mapepala amapepala sakhala otopetsa ... Ngakhale kudzikuza kwawo ndikoseketsa. Zotsutsana zokomera Alpha OS zimamveka motere: "Ngati pali malo patebulo la akatswiri pazambiri zama media kapena zotsatsira, muyenera kutulutsa ma ruble 21 owonjezera pachaka pakugwiritsa ntchito kulikonse komwe kudzafunikire pantchito yake yaukadaulo:
- Kusintha kwazithunzi za raster: Adobe Photoshop Creative Cloud ~ RUB 21. mu chaka"(c) Kenako nkhani yoti Alpha ali ndi GIMP yaulere ...
Mtengo:
Ma OS sapezeka kuti agulidwe ngakhale atafunsidwa mwachindunji kuchokera kwa wopanga.
1.12. OS LOTUS
Β«Palibe kugawa kwa Lotus OS mwachilengedwe.Pali zifukwa zambiri za izi.
Mutha kugula laisensi imodzi mumizere yofewa, mwachitsanzo, kapena kuchokera kwa anzawo akampani.
Kuyesa (kutanthauza kuyesa molingana ndi zofunikira za banja la GOST34), motero, Lotus OS yakhala ikuchitika kwa zaka 4 tsopano, m'maboma osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi luso lapamwamba kwambiri.
Chifukwa cha kuyezetsa kotereku, Lotus OS ikuphatikizidwa muzinthu zotetezera zidziwitso monga SecretNet (Security Code), DallasLock (Confident), machitidwe otetezera chidziwitso monga VipNet (Infotex), CryptoPro (CRYPTO-PRO), ma antivayirasi monga Kaspersky anti-virus. .
Ngati mukusokonezeka zokhudzana ndi pulogalamu yanu yomwe ilipo kapena hardware,
Ife, poganizira chidwi chanu, tidzagwirizana nawo kuthetsa vuto lanu. Kuyesedwa chifukwa cha kuyesa sikusangalatsa."(c) (mawu enieni)
Popeza wopangayo sanafune kupereka kugawa kwa mayeso, alibe chidwi chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ake. Ngakhale Mawindo ali ndi nthawi yoyesera ... Kotero chidziwitsocho chidzakhala chongopeka chabe, chotengedwa kuchokera ku zolemba ndi kufufuzidwa.
Zinthu zosangalatsa:
Β«Ntchito zanu zowongolera Lotos Directory..."(Ndi)
Chabwino, ndizokayikitsa kukhala wake. Pansi pa hood pali samba yemweyo, kapena FreeIPA, kapena china chake ... Izi siziri muzolemba.
Β«Lotus OS imapereka mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mfundo zamagulu kuchokera pazithunzi za woyang'anira."(Ndi)
Tikayang'ana kanema woperekedwa patsamba la wopanga, inde, ndizotheka. Koma ntchitoyo ndi yaying'ono komanso yocheperako kotero kuti imasiya zambiri zofunika. Inde, ndi bwino kuposa kalikonse, koma^Ine sindikudziwa. Sindinakhulupirire. Chifukwa zikuwoneka ngati kutumiza malamulo ku selinux ndi firewall yomweyo ... Zoonadi, ndikulakwitsa, koma izi sizimasintha kwenikweni nkhaniyi.
"Administration console ya Lotus operating system imalekanitsa mafayilo opangira makina ogwiritsira ntchito kuchokera kwa woyang'anira, kumupatsa mawonekedwe omveka bwino kuti asinthe magawo a dongosolo."(Ndi)
Kodi zikutanthawuza chiyani kuti mafayilo osinthika amabisika ngakhale kwa woyang'anira ... Chabwino, kodi Linux admins, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhala ndi maso ofiira, angagwire ntchito bwanji ndi izi? Kwa ma admins a Windows, iyi ndi njira yodziwika bwino, yomwe ipangitsa kuti kuyambiranso kukhale kosavuta ... mawonekedwe pamwamba, osati zonsezi ...
Sizinali zothekanso kupeza mapangidwe a mapepalawo m'malo osungiramo zinthu. Chifukwa chake funso la zomwe titha kupeza ngati gawo la OS siliyankhidwa.
Mtengo wa layisensi imodzi ya sevaMtengo: 15 rubles
Client OSMtengo: 3 rubles
1.13. HaloOS
Sitinapeze zambiri pa OS iyi. Zili m'kaundula wa Unduna wa Telecom ndi Mass Communications, ndizo zonse. Pali ulalo wazinthu zomwe zimatsogolera patsamba la ophatikiza, koma palibe chidziwitso.
Ponena za mitengo. Lingaliro langa, lomwe sindimakakamiza aliyense ndipo sindimapempha kuti lizitengedwa ngati zoona, ndi ili:
Kusowa kwa chinthu chogulitsidwa mwachindunji kumasonyeza kuti iyi si bizinesi kwenikweni, chifukwa kasitomala aliyense adzapatsidwa mtengo wake mkati mwa mgwirizano wa mgwirizano, ndipo ine ndekha ndimawona kuti izi ndi "zokhazikika" m'dzikolo, zomwe zakhala ndi nthawi yochuluka. palibe chochita ndi bizinesi yayikulu, ndipo cholinga chake ndikungopereka ndalama.
2. Chidule
Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule zomwe tafukula mu mawonekedwe osavuta.
Zambiri pa seva OS:
* Ulyanovsk.BSD ndi FreeBSD pafupifupi mawonekedwe ake oyera.
Ntchito zazikulu zomwe zitha kukhazikitsidwa pamakina opangira ma seva:
Custom OS:
AstraLinux - zogwira ntchito. Debian ndiyokhazikika. Kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, GUI ili pafupi ndi Windows Explorer, zomwe zingapangitse kusintha kwa OS yatsopano. Monga seva ndiyoyenera kuthetsa pafupifupi mavuto onse omwe ndikufunika kuthetsa. Aliyense kupatula Zimbra.
Alto - ndondomeko yabwino kwambiri. Mwinamwake pafupifupi chirichonse chimene ine ndikufuna. Wokhazikika. Desktop yogwirira ntchito idzakhala yachilendo kwambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Monga seva ndiyoyenera kuthetsa pafupifupi mavuto onse omwe ndikufunika kuthetsa. Aliyense kupatula Zimbra.
Koma pali chimodzi chachikulu KOMA. Mtengo wothandizira ukadaulo. Chilolezo chosatha chimawononga nthawi 1.5 kuposa chithandizo chaukadaulo kwa chaka. 24 rubles pachaka ... Ngati si mtengo wa nkhani ...
pa Terengani Linux Ndikhoza kutumizira pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe chimandisangalatsa, koma kusowa kwa chithandizo ndi chinthu choterocho. Inde, ndi zaulere. Koma ngati china chake chachitika, mitu ya admins imazungulira.
PINK Linux - zogwira ntchito. Itha kuyendetsa ntchito zonse zomwe ndikufuna, kuphatikiza Zimbra. Kuchokera pakuwona kwa wogwiritsa ntchito OS, vuto liri mu mtundu wakale wa LibreOffice.
RED OS - inde kuposa ayi. Kuphatikiza pa seva yamakalata ndi dongosolo losunga zobwezeretsera. Monga wosuta OS - mwina ayi, chifukwa cha ofesi yachikale. Koma mtengo wa zida zogawira ndi wapamwamba kuposa wa mpikisano ... Koma izi ndi RED HAT ... koma ... koma ...
AlterOS - simungathe kuyendetsa Zabbix kapena seva ya Jabber pamenepo. Apo ayi, ndi dongosolo labwino kwambiri. Monga kasitomala OS, vuto liri muofesi yachikale, ngati sichoncho, ndiye kuti ingakhale yankho labwino.
WTware kwa makasitomala owonda ndi oyenera. Koma iyi si OS, kotero simungathe kuiwerengera "zidutswa". Ndiye kuti, kwa ine, pakakhala ma PC kasitomala a 1500, sikungatheke kufotokoza za kulowetsa m'malo mwa kunena kuti tasamutsa antchito onse a 1.5k kwa makasitomala oonda ndipo tili ndi ma seva ena a 300, chifukwa ma 1.5k awa ndi osati ma OS ...
Ulyanovsk.BSD - Ayi. Chifukwa zimabweretsa nkhawa chifukwa zitha kuchotsedwa m'kaundula wa Ministry of Telecom ndi Mass Communications. Ngakhale FreeBSD ndi chinthu chabwino komanso chotsimikizika, izi ...
Mzere - mpaka nkhani ya kuthekera kwa kampani yachitukuko ndi chithandizo itathetsedwa - ayi ndithu. Ngati chisankhocho chiri chabwino ... mwinamwake osati mwina ... Ngakhale kuti ndazoloΕ΅era CentOS, sizinali choncho.
QP OS - motsimikizika komanso ayi. Ndi akatswiri otere ndi malingaliro otere ... Ili ndilo lingaliro langa lokhazikika, koma silingasinthe.
Alpha OS. Zimene zinalembedwa pa Intaneti zokhudza iye ndiponso zimene zili muvidiyoyi zikumveka zokopa. Ngati dongosololi likadakhalapo m'moyo weniweni ...
OS LOTUS. Malonda a mphaka? Ayi zikomo. Ngati simukufuna kuyesa, ndiye kuti sindikufuna kugula mapulogalamu anu chifukwa choyesa.
HaloOS pazifukwa zodziwikiratu, ayi ngakhale, chifukwa sindikudziwa pang'ono kuti ndi chiyani kapena chomwe chimadyedwa ndi chiyani.
3. Zotsatira
Za kutumiza Zimbra Collaboration Suite OSE Ndifunika kope limodzi ROSA Enterprise Linux Server, kapena bwino 2 - kukhazikitsa proxy.
Kuti muwonjezere ntchito zina zonse, ndizomveka kugwiritsa ntchito Astra Common Edition kapena RED OS, popeza m'tsogolomu mtengo wa machitidwewa udzakhala wopindulitsa kwambiri chifukwa cha chithandizo chotsika mtengo. Koma panokha, ndimakonda kwambiri Astra.
Ntchito zina zosafunikira zitha kutumizidwa pamaziko Terengani Linux, kotero ndi zaulere. Koma chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chithandizo, izi ziyenera kukhala mautumiki omwe nthawi yawo yopuma siili yofunikira kwa Enterprise, popeza oyang'anira machitidwe ali ndi udindo mwachindunji pa ntchito yawo.
Custom OS - Ndimakondabe zomwezo Astra CE. Ili ndi ofesi yaposachedwa, GUI yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, makinawa amatha kuchita chilichonse chomwe mungafune kuchokera pamenepo. Inde, ndizotsika mtengo kuposa opikisana nawo.
Ngati pakufunika kuyika seva yachikwatu ndi mautumiki ena opangira zida, ndizomveka kuyang'ana OS ya banja lomwelo lomwe lidzatumizidwe kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, osachepera pakuwona kogwirizana. Kwa ine, ngati ndikufunikabe kuchita izi, zidzakhala choncho Astra CE.
4. PS:
Sindinachitepo ndi phukusi la CAD panobe. Ndipo sindikudziwa ngati kuli koyenera kuyamba, chifukwa ndapeza pulogalamu yaulere ya "zapakhomo" m'gululi m'maphukusi a ROSA. Koma pali vuto lalikulu ndi malayisensi, chifukwa ngati pali zolakwika mu mawerengedwe, chifukwa chomwe mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa bizinesi udzakhala wosagwira ntchito, udindowu udzatengedwa ndi injiniya yemwe adayambitsa, osati ndi wopanga mapulogalamu, omwe. amayenera kutsimikizira kuti machitidwe ake akugwira ntchito mopanda cholakwika ... kuwerengera kudzatumizidwa ku data center. Sindinaganizirepo za izi.
4.1. PS2.: Β«Kuchokera kwa wolembaΒ«
a) Ndinayesa. Kodi ndi zoona. Koma ndikumvetsa bwino kuti mwina ndinasokoneza penapake. Chonde, musanayambe kuyika batani la "karma yotsika", lembani mu ndemanga zomwe ziri zolakwika, ndipo ndiyesera kukonza chirichonse ngati chiri choyenera ndi cholinga.
b) Ndikumvetsetsa kuti zomwe zili m'nkhaniyi sizinafotokozedwe ndendende momwe ndikufunira. Pali chisokonezo ndi kukondera pano, zomwe ine ndekha ndimawona kuti sizolondola kwenikweni. Koma poganizira kuti ntchito yochuluka yachitika, ndili ndi ufulu wopereka zonse izi monga momwe zilili.
Source: www.habr.com