Mu 2014, sukulu ya kumidzi yomwe ili kunja kwa Campo Mayor ku Brazil inali yolumikizidwa ndi intaneti. Chochitika wamba, ngati sichomwe "koma". Kulumikizana kudapangidwa kudzera mu baluni ya stratospheric. Chochitika ichi chinali chipambano choyamba cha polojekiti yofuna kutchuka , gawo la Zilembo. Ndipo zaka 5 pambuyo pake, maboma a mayiko omwe adakhudzidwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho ndi chivomerezi adatembenukira ku Loon ndi pempho lovomerezeka kuti athandizidwe popereka mauthenga a pa intaneti. Cloud4Y ikufotokoza momwe kulumikizana kwamtambo kwa Google kudakhalira zenizeni.
Project Loon ndiyosangalatsa chifukwa ikufuna kuthetsa vuto la kulumikizana kwa intaneti m'zigawo zomwe, pazifukwa zina, zachotsedwa ku chitukuko komanso dongosolo lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi. Izi siziri kwenikweni chifukwa cha masoka achilengedwe. Vuto likhoza kukhala chifukwa chakutali kapena komwe kuli kovuta kwa dera. Zikhale choncho, ngati munthu ali ndi foni yamakono, adzatha kulumikiza pa intaneti chifukwa cha mabuloni opangidwa ndi Loon.
Ubwino wa kulankhulana ulinso pamlingo. Mu February 2016, Google idalengeza kuti yapeza kulumikizana kokhazikika kwa laser pakati pa mabaluni awiri pamtunda wa 62 miles (100 km). Kulumikizana kunali kokhazikika kwa maola ambiri, usana ndi usiku, ndipo kuthamanga kwa data kwa 155 Mbps kunalembedwa.
Kodi ntchito
Lingalirolo lingawonekere losavuta. Loon anatenga zigawo zofunika kwambiri za nsanja ya foni yam'manja ndikuzipanganso kuti zizitha kunyamulidwa mu balloon yotentha pamtunda wa 20 km. Izi ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa ndege, nyama zakutchire komanso nyengo. Zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndizotetezeka. Mabaluni amatha kupirira mikhalidwe yovuta ku stratosphere, komwe mphepo imatha kufika 100 km/h ndipo kutentha kumatsika mpaka -90 °C.
Mpira uliwonse uli ndi kapisozi yapadera - gawo lomwe limayendetsa dongosolo la Loon. Zida zonse zomwe zili pa mpira zimayenda pamagetsi ongowonjezwdwa. Ma sola amayendetsa makina masana ndi kulipiritsa batire yomangidwa kuti igwire ntchito usiku. Ma baluni a Loon amalumikizana ndi masiteshoni apansi kudzera pa netiweki ya ma mesh ambiri, zomwe zimalola eni mafoni kukhala pa intaneti popanda kufunikira kwa zida zina. Pakachitika ngozi ndi kuwonongeka kwa silinda, gawo la hardware lolemera makilogalamu 15 limatsitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito parachute yadzidzidzi.
Kutalika kwa buluni kungathe kusinthidwa pogwiritsa ntchito buluni wothandizira wodzazidwa ndi helium kuchokera ku baluni yaikulu kuti apite kumtunda. Ndipo kuti atsike kuchokera ku silinda wothandiza, helium imaponyedwa m'malo mwawo. Kuwongolerako ndi kothandiza kwambiri kotero kuti mu 2015 Loon adatha kuwuluka mtunda wa makilomita 10, ndikufika pamalo omwe ankafuna ndi kulondola kwa mamita 000.
Baluni iliyonse, kukula kwake ngati bwalo la tennis, imapangidwa ndi pulasitiki yodalirika kwambiri ndipo idapangidwa kuti izitha masiku 150 pakuuluka. Kulimba uku ndi zotsatira za kuyesa kwakukulu kwa zida za baluni (chipolopolo cha mpira). Izi ziyenera kuteteza helium kuti isatayike ndikuwononga silinda pa kutentha kochepa. Mu stratosphere, kumene mabaluni amayambitsidwa, pulasitiki wamba imakhala yolimba ndipo imawonongeka mosavuta. Ngakhale dzenje laling'ono la 2 mm limatha kuchepetsa moyo wa mpirawo pakatha milungu ingapo. Ndipo kufunafuna dzenje la 2mm pa mpira ndi dera la 600 sq.m. -ndizosangalatsabe.
Pamene akuyesa zipangizozi, zinatulukira kwa mmodzi mwa atsogoleri a polojekiti kuti opanga makondomu akukumana ndi mavuto ofanana. M'makampani awa, kutseguka kosakonzekera nakonso kumakhala kosayenera. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukatswiri wawo, gulu la Loon lidachita mayeso angapo enieni omwe adawalola kupanga zida zatsopano ndikusintha mawonekedwe a mabuloni, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti moyo wa baluni uchuluke. Chilimwechi tinakwanitsa kufika "mtunda" wa masiku 223!
Gulu la Loon makamaka likugogomezera kuti silinangopanga baluni ina, koma chipangizo "chanzeru". Zoyambitsidwa kuchokera kumalo apadera otsegulira, ma baluni a Loon amatha kuwuluka kupita kudziko lililonse padziko lapansi. Ma aligorivimu a makina amalosera momwe mphepo imayendera ndikusankha kusuntha mpirawo mmwamba kapena pansi mpaka pomwe mphepo ikuwomba komwe mukufuna. Njira yoyendetsera kayendetsedwe kake imagwira ntchito yokha, ndipo oyendetsa anthu amayendetsa kayendetsedwe ka mpira ndipo akhoza kulowererapo ngati kuli kofunikira.
Loon imalola ogwiritsa ntchito mafoni kuti awonjezere kufalikira komwe kuli kofunikira. Gulu la mabuloni a Loon limapanga maukonde omwe amapereka kulumikizana kwa anthu kudera linalake monga momwe gulu la nsanja pansi limapanga maukonde apansi. Kusiyanitsa kokhako ndikuti "nsanja" zamlengalenga zimayenda nthawi zonse. Maukonde opangidwa ndi ma baluni amatha kugwira ntchito modziyimira pawokha, kuyendetsa bwino njira zolumikizirana pakati pa mabuloni ndi masiteshoni apansi, poganizira kayendetsedwe ka baluni, zopinga ndi nyengo.
Kodi mipira ya Loon idagwiritsidwapo ntchito kuti?
"Chilichonse ndichabwino m'lingaliro, koma bwanji muzochita?" mukufunsa. Palinso kuchita. Mu 2017, idagwira ntchito ndi Federal Communications Commission, Federal Aviation Administration, FEMA, AT&T, T-Mobile ndi ena kuti apereke mauthenga ofunikira kwa anthu 200 ku Puerto Rico kutsatira chiwonongeko chomwe chinabwera chifukwa cha mphepo yamkuntho Maria. Mabaluni anayambika ku Nevada ndipo mwamsanga anafika ku Puerto Rico. Chifukwa cha izi, tinatha kuyesa njira zina, kuzindikira zolakwika, ndikuwonetsanso kutheka kwa lingalirolo.
Patapita nthawi, tsoka lachilengedwe ku Peru linawononga kwambiri zomangamanga. Madzi osefukira atangochitika kumpoto kwa Peru, gulu la Loon linatumiza mabuloni awo kumalo okhudzidwawo. M'miyezi itatu, ogwiritsa ntchito adatumiza ndikulandila 160 GB ya data, yofanana ndi pafupifupi ma SMS 30 miliyoni kapena maimelo mamiliyoni awiri. Kuphunzira dera anali 40 zikwi sq. Km.
Kumapeto kwa Meyi 2019, ku Peru kunachitikanso chivomezi chowopsa champhamvu cha 8,0. M’madera ena, Intaneti inali yotsekedwa kotheratu, pamene anthu masauzande ambiri anafunikira kudziwa za mkhalidwe wa okondedwa awo. Kuti akhazikitse kulumikizana, boma la dzikolo komanso wogwiritsa ntchito mafoni a m'deralo a Tefónica adatembenukira ku Loon kuti agawire intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito mabaluni ake. Intaneti idakonzedwa mkati mwa maola 48.
Kugwedezeka koyamba kunachitika Lamlungu m'mawa, ndipo atalandira pempho lothandizira, Loon nthawi yomweyo anawongolera mabuloni ake kuchokera ku Puerto Rico kupita ku Peru. Pofuna kuwasuntha, monga mwa nthawi zonse, mphamvu ya mphepo inagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mabaluniwo anagwira mafunde a mphepo kumene ankafunika kulowera. Zidatenga zidazi masiku awiri kuti zitha kupitilira makilomita 3000.
Mabaluni a ma loon afalikira kumpoto konse kwa Peru, iliyonse ikupereka intaneti ya 4G kudera la masikweya kilomita 5000. Panali baluni imodzi yokha yolumikizidwa ku siteshoni yapansi, yomwe inkatumiza mauthenga ku zipangizo zina. M'mbuyomu, kampaniyo idangowonetsa kuti imatha kutumiza ma siginecha pakati pa mabuloni asanu ndi awiri, koma nthawi ino chiwerengero chawo chidafika khumi.
Malo a Loon Balloons ku Peru
Kampaniyo inatha kupatsa anthu okhala ku Peru njira zoyankhulirana: SMS, imelo ndi intaneti pa liwiro locheperako. M’masiku awiri oyambirira, anthu pafupifupi 20 ankagwiritsa ntchito Intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito mabaluni a Loon.
Zotsatira zake, pa Novembara 20, 2019, Loon adasaina pangano lazamalonda kuti lipereke ntchito kumadera ena ankhalango ya Amazon ku Peru, mogwirizana ndi (IpT), woyendetsa mafoni kumidzi. Nthawi ino, ma baluni a Loon adzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati yankho losatha la kulumikizana kwa intaneti m'malo mongokonza kwakanthawi pakachitika ngozi yachilengedwe. NDI
Mgwirizano wapakati pa IpT ndi Loon ukufunikabe kuvomerezedwa ndi Unduna wa Zamayendedwe ndi Kuyankhulana ku Peru. Ngati zonse zikuyenda bwino, Loon ndi IpT akuyembekeza kuti apereka mautumiki apaintaneti kuyambira 2020. Ntchitoyi ikhudza dera la Loreto ku Peru, lomwe limapanga pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a dzikolo ndipo ndi kwawo kwa anthu ambiri amtunduwu. Loon poyamba idzagwira 15 peresenti ya Loreto, yomwe ingathe kufikira anthu pafupifupi 200. Koma kampaniyo yalengeza kale cholinga chake cholumikizira anthu 000 miliyoni akumidzi yaku Peru pofika 6.
Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ma baluni a mpweya wotentha ku Peru kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kutsegula zitseko kumayiko ena. Pakadali pano, kampaniyo yasaina mgwirizano woyamba ku Kenya ndi Telkom Kenya ndipo ikuyembekezera chivomerezo chomaliza kuti iyambe kuyesa kwamalonda koyamba mdzikolo.
Nuance yaying'onoTiyenera kudziwa kuti sizinthu zonse zomwe zimakhala zabwino ndiukadaulo. Nawu mndandanda wazomwe zimachitika pamipira ya Loon:
- Pa May 29, 2014, chibaluni cha Loon chinagwera m’zingwe za magetsi ku Washington, USA.
- Pa June 20, 2014, akuluakulu a boma ku New Zealand anaimbira foni achipatala atawona ngozi ya baluni.
- Mu November 2014, mlimi wina wa ku South Africa anapeza baluni yotentha yomwe inagwa m'chipululu cha Karoo pakati pa Strydenburgh ndi Britstown.
- Pa April 23, 2015, chibaluni cha mpweya wotentha chinagwa m’munda pafupi ndi mzinda wa Bragg, Missouri.
- Pa Seputembala 12, 2015, chibaluni cha mpweya wotentha chinagwa pa kapinga chakutsogolo kwa nyumba ku Rancho Hills, California.
- Pa February 17, 2016, baluni ya mpweya wotentha inagwa pamene ikuyesera m'chigawo cha tiyi ku Gampola, Sri Lanka.
- Pa April 7, 2016, chibaluni chotentha chinatera pafamu ina mumzinda wa Dundee, KwaZulu-Natal, ku South Africa.
- Pa April 22, 2016, chibaluni chotentha chinagwa m’dera la Xiembuco, ku Paraguay.
- Pa August 22, 2016, baluniyo inatera pa famu ina mumzinda wa Formosa, ku Argentina, pa mtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 40. kumadzulo kwa likulu.
- Pa August 26, 2016, baluniyo inatera kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Madison, South Dakota.
- Pa January 9, 2017, chibaluni cha mpweya wotentha chinagwa ku Seyik, pafupi ndi Changuinola, m’chigawo cha Bocas del Toro, ku Panama.
- Pa January 8, 2017 ndi January 10, 2017, ma baluni awiri a Loon anatera makilomita 10 kum’mawa kwa Cerro Chato ndi makilomita 40 kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Mariscala, Uruguay.
- Pa February 17, 2017, baluni ya Loon inagwa mumzinda wa Burti dos Montes, ku Brazil.
- Pa March 14, 2017, baluni ya Loon inagwa mumzinda wa San Luis, Tolima, Colombia.
- Pa 19 March, 2017, chibaluni cha mpweya wotentha chinagwa mumzinda wa Tacuarembo, ku Uruguay.
- Pa Ogasiti 9, 2017, chibaluni cha mpweya wotentha chinagwa m’nkhalango ya bango ku Olmos, Lambayeque, Peru.
- Pa 30 December, 2017, chibaluni chinachita ngozi ku Ntambiro, Igembe Central, m’chigawo cha Meru, ku Kenya.
Choncho palidi zoopsa. Komabe, pali zopindulitsa zambiri kuchokera ku ma baluni a Loon.
UPD: mutha kuwona komwe kuli mabaluni (fufuzani ku South America). Zikomo kuti timvetsetse
Ndi chiyani chinanso chomwe mungawerenge pabulogu?
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Source: www.habr.com