Makamera a PoE IP, zofunikira zapadera komanso ntchito yopanda mavuto - kuyika zonse pamodzi

Kupanga njira yowonera makanema kumawoneka kosavuta poyang'ana koyamba
ntchito.

Kukhazikitsa kwake kumafuna kuthetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana. Komanso
kukonza njira zotumizira deta, kusonkhanitsa, kusunga ndi kupezanso zofunikira
m'pofunika kupereka mphamvu kwa makamera kanema, komanso kulamulira ndi diagnostics.

Ubwino wa mayankho a IP kamera

Pali njira zambiri zamakono: kuchokera ku analogi yachikhalidwe
makamera amakanema ku makamera ang'onoang'ono a intaneti a USB ndi zojambula zazing'ono zamakanema.

Kugwiritsa ntchito makamera a IP kwa
kulandira chithunzi.

Makamera amtunduwu amatumiza zithunzi mumtundu wa digito kudzera pa netiweki ya IP. Izi
imapereka zabwino zingapo: chithunzi chochokera ku kamera chimalandiridwa nthawi yomweyo mu mawonekedwe a digito,
ndiko kuti, sikufuna otembenuza apadera, zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa ndizosavuta
ndondomeko, dongosolo, kupereka archive kufufuza, ndi zina zotero.

Ngati n'kotheka kuthamanga chingwe maukonde, ndi mtunda pakati lophimba ndi
makamera sadutsa zovomerezeka, ndiye nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito netiweki ya Efaneti
zopindika awiri maziko ndi makamera ntchito kudzera chingwe chingwe. Chisankho ichi
kumapangitsa kulumikizana kokhazikika ndipo sikudalira zinthu za chipani chachitatu,
monga kusankha kwafupipafupi, kukhalapo kwa kusokoneza pamlengalenga ndi zina.

Kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe cholumikizira kumakupatsaninso mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito zomwezo
chingwe (zopotoka) ndi zopatsa mphamvu makamera a kanema - Power Over Ethernet, PoE.

ndemanga. Mitundu ina yolumikizira maukonde imagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi,
mwachitsanzo, kudzera pa Wi-Fi kapena GSM. Ngakhale maubwino onse a kulumikizana opanda zingwe,
Nkhani ya magetsi a makamera oterowo iyenera kuthetsedwa pa nkhani iliyonse padera.
Mwachitsanzo, mphamvu yochokera pa intaneti yowunikira, kuchokera ku batire ya dzuwa, ndi zina zotero. MU
zambiri, izi si ndendende malangizo kuti akhoza analimbikitsa monga
njira yosavuta komanso yapadziko lonse lapansi pazantchito zambiri.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe owonera makanema poyerekeza ndi machitidwe ena a IP omwe amagawidwa

Pankhani ya kuyang'anira kanema, ndizosatheka kufalitsa mwachindunji zochitika zomanga ena
maukonde. Tiyeni titenge, yerekezerani, kulumikizana kwa mawu kutengera IP telephony. Ngakhale
madera osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito, onse apo ndi apo amagwiritsa ntchito netiweki ya IP, onse awiri
Nthawi zina, mphamvu ya PoE ingagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Koma ngati tilingalira mbali za ntchito, ndi njira yofananira
Zinthu zina zimathetsedwa mosiyana kwambiri. Nazi zina zingapo:

1. Kamera ya IP iyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse. Anthu, nyama kapena zinthu
   zinthu zomwe zikuyang'aniridwa ndi kanema ndizokayikitsa kuti zitha kulumikizana nazo
   lumikizanani ndi chithandizo chaukadaulo kuti munene kuti kamera sikugwira ntchito.

   Koma pafupi ndi foni yamakampani ya IP nthawi zambiri pamakhala wogwiritsa ntchito
   kompyuta. Ngati ali ndi vuto la kulankhulana patelefoni, angapereke lipoti
   Pankhaniyi, popanga ntchito mu pulogalamu yofunsira, tumizani pempho kudzera pamakalata, poyimba foni
   foni yam'manja (ngati ndondomeko yamakampani ilola) ndi zina zotero.

2. Makamera a IP nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo ovuta kufika: pansi padenga, pa
   mzati ndi zina zotero. Chinachake mwachangu "kutenga ndikuchita" chikhoza kukhala kwambiri
   zovuta. Ngati zopotoka awiri kugwirizana zobisika khoma kuti
   fufuzani momwe chingwecho chilili - choyamba muyenera kuyesa mwanjira ina kuti mutulutse.
   Kachitidwe kakusintha kamera kumawonekanso kovuta kwambiri kuposa kungokhala
   chotsani ndikunyamula foni yosagwira ntchito patebulo ndikuipereka kwa wogwiritsa ntchito
   m'malo mwake pali zida zogwirira ntchito.

Mfundo yofunika. Makamera a IP nthawi zambiri amakhala patali kwambiri
switchboard, mwachitsanzo, kuyang'anira mavidiyo m'minda ya anthu, malo osangalalira, ndi zina zotero. Ngati
PoE imagwiritsidwa ntchito, m'pofunika kusunga mlingo wokwanira
mphamvu, yomwe imachepa ndi mtunda wowonjezereka kuchokera ku gwero.

Zofunikira pakukhazikika kwadongosolo lonse loyang'anira makanema ndizokwera kwambiri. Kuchokera
ubwino ndi kukwanira kwa chithunzicho kungadalire kwambiri: pa kuchepetsa
nthawi yodikira kuti apereke chiphaso mpaka wolakwayo adziwike mudongosolo
kuzindikira nkhope. Choncho, ntchito yokhazikika ndiyofunika kwambiri. Motsatira,
kusinthana, monga ulalo wapakati, kumakhala kokwera
zofunika. Chifukwa cha kulephera kwakusintha kwa PoE pafupipafupi, kuyang'anira makanema sikungagwire ntchito
yosakhazikika (ngati ikugwira ntchito). Chifukwa chake, kugula chosinthira cha PoE ndi
ndithudi si choncho pamene muyenera kuyesa kusunga ndalama ndi kutenga woyamba inu kupeza
njira yotsika mtengo.

Mafunso ofananawo amabuka osati kokha mukamagwiritsa ntchito makamera a IP, komanso ena
njira zowonera kanema. Inde, mavuto onsewa ndi otheka, mwinamwake
Makamera a IP, ndi njira yowonera makanema nthawi zambiri, zingakhale zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito
kuchita. Koma ndizotheka mwanjira ina moyo wanu kukhala wosalira zambiri komanso osawononga ndalama zowonjezera
zothandizira: nthawi, ndalama, khama la anthu pa ntchito zosavuta?

Zosintha zapadera zolumikizira makamera a IP

Kufotokozera mwachidule zonsezi, tikhoza kunena kuti kugwira ntchito ndi machitidwe otengera
Makamera a IP ndi osavuta ngati mugwiritsa ntchito zida zopangidwira
kugwira nawo ntchito. Ndipo popeza makamera a IP amalumikizidwa ndi switch, pansipa pali zolankhula
Tiye tikambirane za zida zapadera zamtunduwu.

Kwa kusintha kotere, ntchito zotsatirazi zimawonekera:

1. kuonetsetsa kulumikizana kokhazikika;
2. PoE magetsi;
3. kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira makamera a IP;
4. chitetezo ku ma surges amagetsi ndi kutulutsa kwa electrostatic.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri ndi kutalika kovomerezeka kwa chingwe chomwe
Chipangizocho chimayendetsedwa. Chikhalidwe chachiwiri chothandiza kwambiri chikuwoneka kukhala
kuthekera kowongolera, mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito protocol ya LLDP. Makamaka
Ntchito yoyambiranso kutali ndi kamera ya IP yomwe imalandira mphamvu ikuwoneka yothandiza
kudzera poE.

ndemanga. Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) ndi protocol yolumikizira deta
layer, yomwe imatanthawuza njira yokhazikika yazida zomwe zili pa netiweki ya Efaneti
kwa ife - zosinthira ndi makamera a IP. Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zida za LLDP
akhoza kugawa zambiri za iwo okha ku mfundo zina pamaneti ndi kusunga
adalandira deta.

Posachedwa, Zyxel adayambitsa zosintha zatsopano za PoE ndi
mapangidwe apadera ndi mapulogalamu.

Kuti timvetse bwino tanthauzo la zatsopano zothandiza, tidzakambirana za mzerewu
masiwichi osayendetsedwa a GS1300, ndi mzere wamitundu yatsopano yoyendetsedwa ya GS1350
Zofunikira Zosiyanasiyana.

Masinthidwe onse ochokera ku mizere iyi amapangidwira machitidwe
kuyang'anira kanema. Pazonse, zitsanzo zamakono za 7 zilipo kwa ogwiritsa ntchito
masiwichi, omwe 3 sakuyendetsedwa ndipo 4 amayendetsedwa

Zyxel G1300 Series Zosintha Zosayendetsedwa

Mu mzerewu, ntchito zotsatirazi za Hardware zitha kudziwika zomwe ndizothandiza:
makamaka pamakina owonera makanema:

• Bajeti yayikulu ya PoE - imakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi mphamvu zofunikira ngakhale
  mtunda wautali;
• pazipita PoE LED;
• kulumikiza makamera pa mtunda wa mpaka 250 m;
• Kutentha kotalikirapo kuyambira -20 mpaka +50 ℃ (makamaka izi zitha kukhala
  zothandiza pamene ntchito m'munda, mwachitsanzo pamene lophimba
  pa malo osakhalitsa).

ESD/Surge Protection Value:

• ESD – 8 kV / 6 kV (Mpweya/Kulumikizana);
• Kuthamanga - 4 kV (Ethernet Port).

ndemanga. ESD - chitetezo ku magetsi a electrostatic, Kuwonjezereka -
chitetezo cha overvoltage. Ngati kutuluka kwa static kumachitika mumlengalenga mpaka 8
kilovolt, kapena 6 kV electrostatics pa kukhudzana kwambiri, kapena opareshoni kwakanthawi
ma voltages mpaka 4 kilovolts - chosinthira chimakhala ndi mwayi wopulumuka
mavuto.

Chithunzi 1. Chizindikiro cha kuwunika kwa PoE.

Mfundo yofunika. Pogwiritsa ntchito ma switch a DIP, mutha kukhazikitsa madoko
yomwe idzakhala yowonjezereka - mpaka 250m. Madoko otsala agwira ntchito mkati
wabwinobwino mode.

Zyxel wakonza mitundu ingapo ya masiwichi okhala ndi manambala osiyanasiyana
madoko kuchokera ku 8 mpaka 24. Njirayi imakulolani kuti muzitha kusinthasintha malinga ndi zosowa zanu
ogula.

Kusiyana kwa mawonekedwe amitundu yoyendetsedwa kumawonetsedwa mu Gulu 1.

Table 1. Zitsanzo zosayendetsedwa za Zyxel GS1300 zosintha

-
Chiwerengero cha madoko a PoE
Madoko a Uplink
PoE Power Budget
Power Supply

Zamgululi
8 G.E.
1SFP, 1GE
130 W
Mkati

Zamgululi
16 G.E.
1SFP, 1GE
170 W
Mkati

Zamgululi
24 G.E.
Mtengo wa 2SFP
250 W
Mkati

Zyxel G1350 Series Managed Switches

Masinthidwe pamzerewu ali ndi kuthekera kowongolera komanso
kusunga kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka mavidiyo. Mawonekedwe achitetezo omangidwa ndi
chitsimikizo cha magwiridwe antchito ndi chothandiza muzochitika zosiyanasiyana.

Zina zosangalatsa za hardware:

• chitetezo chapamwamba ku 4 kV surges ndi
  electrostatic kumaliseche 8 kV (GS1350 mndandanda);
• ma LED owongolera PoE;
• Batani lomaliza labwino (FW kuchira);
• kulumikiza makamera pa mtunda wa 250m ndi bandwidth 10
  Mbit / s, yomwe imagwirizana ndi muyezo;
• kukula kwa kutentha (kuchokera -20 mpaka +50 ℃).

Makhalidwe a ESD / Surge Protection amakhalabe ofanana ndi osayendetsedwa
zitsanzo:

• ESD – 8 kV / 6 kV (Mpweya/Kulumikizana);
• Kuthamanga - 4 kV (Ethernet Port).

Chithunzi 2. PoE LED bar ndi Bwezerani batani.

Ponena za mzere watsopano, munthu sangalephere kuzindikira ntchito zatsopano zomangidwira,
mwachitsanzo:

• Kuwongolera kwapamwamba kwa PoE pakuwunika makanema;
• IEEE 802.3bt thandizo - 60W pa doko (GS1350-6HP);
• Basic L2, kuthandizira pa intaneti, kuwongolera kwa CLI.

Ponena za chithandizo cha Nebula Flex, chikuyembekezeka pamitundu yotsatizana ya GS1350
ku 2020.

Polankhula za mzere wa zida za G1350, ndikofunikira kuzindikira mawonekedwe amtundu wachichepere
4 PoE madoko. "Mwana" uyu ndi wothandiza makamaka pokonzekera machitidwe
kuyang'anira kanema wazinthu zazing'ono ndi mabizinesi agawo la SME.

Table 2. Mitundu yoyendetsedwa ya Zyxel GS1350 zosinthira zotsatizana.

-
Chiwerengero cha madoko a PoE
Madoko a Uplink
PoE Power Budget
Power Supply

Zamgululi
ZINTHU
1SFP, 1GE(802.3bt)
60W
Zakunja

Zamgululi
ZINTHU
2SFP, 2GE
130W
Mkati

Zamgululi
ZINTHU
2 Kombo
250W
Mkati

Zamgululi
ZINTHU
2 Kombo
375W
Mkati

Ulamuliro Wapamwamba Wowunika Kanema

Kuti mukwaniritse kuwunika kokwanira, kosalekeza, komanso kwa
kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta, Zyxel yawonjezera zatsopano zothandiza:

• zambiri za makamera a IP pa tsamba la "Neighbors";
• kuyang'ana mawonekedwe a kamera;
• magetsi osasokonezeka ku kamera (pamene mukukonzanso kapena kuyambiranso kusinthana);
• kuyambiranso kutali kwa makamera a IP;
• granular PoE zosankha zothandizira makamera a IP omwe satsatira
  PoE muyezo;
• yambitsani PoE pa ndandanda;
• Zofunikira pamadoko a PoE.

Pansipa tiwona ntchito zitatu zodziwika kwambiri zomwe zidawoneka zatsopano
zitsanzo.

Tsamba lolumikizirana la oyandikana nawo - "Neighbors"

Patsamba lino mutha kuwona momwe kamera ilili, IP yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito
kulumikizana (ngati kamera ilumikizidwa ndikugwira ntchito), komanso "mabatani"
kuti muyambitsenso ndikukhazikitsanso ku zoikamo za fakitale.

Chithunzi 3. Chidutswa cha tsamba la intaneti la Neighbors - "Oyandikana nawo".

Kubwezeretsa kwa Auto PD

Izi zimangozindikira kamera ya IP yoyimitsidwa ndikuyiyambitsanso.

Izi zapamwamba tsopano zikupezeka pamakamera onse ochokera kwa opanga onse. Ndiko kuti
adagula chosinthira cha Zyxel ndipo mutha kugwira ntchito ndi makamera omwe muli nawo kale kapena awo
zomwe Security Service imafuna kukhazikitsidwa.

Ndizotheka kudziwa momwe kamera ilili kudzera pa protocol ya LLDP, komanso kudzera
kutumiza mapaketi a ICMP, mwa kuyankhula kwina, kudzera mu Ping wamba.

Ndizotheka kupewa kamera yolakwika kuti isayambikenso nthawi zonse
yomwe imaperekedwa ndi mphamvu kudzera pa PoE.

Chithunzi 4. Chidutswa cha tsamba la mawonekedwe oyandikana nawo - "Oyandikana nawo".

Wopitirira PoE

Izi zimatsimikizira kuti makamera ndi masensa ena amaperekedwa mosalekeza
pakusintha kusintha.

Kuwonjezera ntchito yachibadwa, pali nthawi pamene kuli kofunikira
zochita zina ndi switch, mwachitsanzo:

• kukhazikitsa firmware update.
• kwezani fayilo yatsopano yosinthira, kapena, mosiyana, bweretsani zomwe zilipo
  zoikamo mpaka zam'mbuyo kuchokera ku zosunga zobwezeretsera;
• bwererani ku zoikamo za fakitale.

Komanso, nthawi zina pamafunika kuyambiranso kusinthana,
mwachitsanzo, kuti muwone ngati zokonda zapangidwa molondola.

Inde, mphamvu zopangira makamera siziyenera kutayika nthawi yonseyi.

N’chifukwa chiyani zimenezi zimafunika? Zikuwoneka ngati kusintha
reboots, chifukwa chiyani timafunikira mphamvu zopitilira makamera?

Chowonadi ndi chakuti kuyambitsanso makamera okha ndikulowa mumayendedwe opangira kumatenga
kwakanthawi. Komanso, kanema anaziika mapulogalamu ayenera
khalani ndi nthawi "yogwira" makamera omwe angodzaza kumene. Mukuchitanso izi
zimatenga nthawi. Zotsatira zake, kuyambira pomwe kusinthaku kumabwezeretsedwa,
ndipo mpaka kujambula kwa deta kubwezeretsedwa kwathunthu ndi dongosolo loyang'anira, mavuto angabwere.
kupuma komwe kuli kosavomerezeka pakuwona malamulo achitetezo.

Ndicho chifukwa chake m'pofunika kuchepetsa mwayi uliwonse wa nthawi yopuma, kuphatikizapo
kuphatikizapo chifukwa cha kukonza mwachizolowezi.

Pomaliza

Mzere wa G1300 wamasinthidwe osayendetsedwa kale akuphatikiza zingapo
ntchito zothandiza. Komabe, kuthekera kwa G1350 ndikwapamwamba kwambiri pakuwongolera
network (woyang'anira motsutsana ndi kusintha kosayendetsedwa), ndikuwonetsetsa
zofunikira zowonera kanema.

Chosangalatsa kwambiri ndikutha kuwongolera makamera kuchokera kwa opanga ena, komanso
njira yoyenera ndikuwonetsetsa kupitiriza kwa dongosolo loyang'anira.

Timayankha mafunso ndi oyang'anira dongosolo lothandizira athu telegraph chat. Takulandirani!

Zotsatira

GS1300 Kusintha kosayendetsedwa kwa machitidwe owonera makanema. Tsamba lovomerezeka
zyxel

Mwa njira, Zyxel posachedwapa wakwanitsa zaka 30!

Polemekeza mwambowu, talengeza kukwezedwa mowolowa manja:

Source: www.habr.com