Ndi kasinthidwe koyenera, mutha kuyambiranso kuchokera pagalimoto ya NVME SSD ngakhale pamakina akale. Zimaganiziridwa kuti makina ogwiritsira ntchito (OS) amatha kugwira ntchito ndi NVME SSD. Ndikuganiza zokweza OS, popeza ndi madalaivala omwe amapezeka mu OS, NVME SSD imawoneka mu OS pambuyo potsitsa ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Palibe pulogalamu yowonjezera yofunikira pa Linux. Kwa machitidwe a banja la BSD ndi ma Unixes ena, njirayo ndiyoyeneranso kukhala yoyenera.
Kuti muyambitse kuchokera pagalimoto iliyonse, ndikofunikira kuti pulogalamu yoyambira yoyambira (BPP), BIOS kapena EFI (UEFI) ikhale ndi madalaivala a chipangizochi. Ma drive a NVME SSD ndi zida zatsopano poyerekeza ndi BIOS, ndipo palibe madalaivala otere mu firmware yama board akale. Mu EFI popanda thandizo la NVME SSD, mutha kuwonjezera nambala yoyenera, ndiyeno kugwira ntchito kwathunthu ndi chipangizochi kumakhala kotheka - mutha kukhazikitsa makina ogwiritsira ntchito ndikuyambitsa. Kwa machitidwe akale ndi otchedwa. "BIOS yolowa" kutsitsa OS sikutheka. Komabe, izi zitha kuchitidwa mozungulira.
Momwe mungachitire izo
Ndinagwiritsa ntchito OpenSUSE Leap 15.1. Kwa machitidwe ena a Linux zochita zidzakhala zofanana.
1. Tiyeni kukonzekera kompyuta kwa khazikitsa opareshoni dongosolo.
Mufunika PC kapena seva yokhala ndi PCI-E 4x yaulere kapena cholumikizira chotalikirapo, mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wanji, PCI-E 1.0 ndiyokwanira. Zachidziwikire, mtundu watsopano wa PCI-E, liwiro limakhala lalitali. Chabwino, ndipo, kwenikweni, NVME SSD yokhala ndi M.2 ku PCI-E 4x adaputala.
Mufunikanso mtundu wina wagalimoto wokhala ndi mphamvu ya 300 MB kapena kupitilira apo, yomwe imawonekera kuchokera ku BIOS ndi komwe mutha kutsitsa OS. Izi zitha kukhala hard drive yokhala ndi kulumikizana kwa IDE, SATA, kapena SCSI. SAS. Kapena USB flash drive kapena memori khadi. Sichikwanira pa floppy disk. CD-ROM sigwira ntchito ndipo iyenera kulembedwanso. DVD-RAM - palibe lingaliro. Tiyeni titchule chinthu ichi "cholowa cha BIOS drive".
2. Kwezani Linux kuti muyike (kuchokera pa disk optical kapena bootable flash drive, etc.).
3. Poyika chizindikiro pa disk, tidzagawira OS pakati pa ma drive omwe alipo:
3.1. Tiyeni tipange gawo la GRUB bootloader kumayambiriro kwa "cholowa cha BIOS drive" chokhala ndi kukula kwa 8 MB. Ndikuwona kuti izi zimagwiritsa ntchito OpenSUSE - GRUB pagawo lina. Kwa openSUSE, fayilo yokhazikika (FS) ndi BTRFS. Ngati muyika GRUB pagawo ndi fayilo ya BTRFS, dongosololi silingayambe. Choncho, gawo losiyana limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mutha kuyika GRUB pamalo ena, bola ngati ikuyamba.
3.2. Pambuyo pa kugawa ndi GRUB, tidzapanga gawo ndi gawo la chikwatu cha dongosolo ("root"), ndilo "/ boot/", 300 MB kukula.
3.3. Zinthu zotsalira - chikwatu chonse cha dongosolo, magawo osinthira, magawo ogwiritsira ntchito "/ kunyumba/" (ngati mwasankha kupanga imodzi) akhoza kuikidwa pa NVME SSD.
Pambuyo pakuyika, makinawo amanyamula GRUB, yomwe imanyamula mafayilo kuchokera / boot/, pambuyo pake NVME SSD imapezeka, ndiye kuti dongosolo limayamba kuchokera ku NVME SSD.
M'zochita, ndinapeza liwiro lalikulu.
Zofunikira pa "cholowa cha BIOS": 8 MB pagawo la GRUB - izi ndizosakhazikika, ndipo penapake kuchokera ku 200 MB kwa /boot/. Ndinatenga 300 MB ndi nkhokwe. Mukakonza kernel (ndipo mukayika zatsopano), Linux idzabwezeretsanso / boot/ partition ndi mafayilo atsopano.
Kuthamanga ndi Kuyerekeza Mtengo
Mtengo wa NVME SSD 128 GB pafupifupi kuchokera ku 2000 rubles.
Mtengo wa M.2 - PCI-E 4x adaputala ndi pafupifupi 500 rubles.
Palinso ma adapter a M.2 - PCI-E 16x ogulitsa ma drive anayi a NVME SSD, amtengo penapake kuchokera ku 3000 rubles. - ngati wina akuzifuna.
Liwiro lochepera:
PCI-E 3.0 4x pafupifupi 3900 MB/s
PCI-E 2.0 4x 2000 MB/s
PCI-E 1.0 4x 1000 MB/s
Magalimoto okhala ndi PCI-E 3.0 4x amakwanitsa kuthamanga pafupifupi 3500 MB/s pochita.
Titha kuganiza kuti liwiro lotheka lidzakhala motere:
PCI-E 3.0 4x pafupifupi 3500 MB/s
PCI-E 2.0 4x pafupifupi 1800 MB/s
PCI-E 1.0 4x pafupifupi 900 MB/s
Zomwe zimathamanga kuposa SATA 600 MB / s. Liwiro lotheka la SATA 600 MB/s ndi pafupifupi 550 MB/s.
Kuphatikiza apo, pamabodi akale, liwiro la SATA la wowongolera pa bolodi silingakhale 600 MB/s, koma 300 MB/s kapena 150 MB/s. Apa pa boarder controller = Wowongolera wa SATA womangidwa kumwera chakumwera kwa chipset.
Ndikuwona kuti NCQ idzagwirira ntchito ma NVME SSD, koma izi sizingakhale choncho kwa olamulira achikulire.
Ndinawerengera PCI-E 4x, koma ma drive ena ali ndi PCI-E 2x basi. Izi ndizokwanira kwa PCI-E 3.0, koma pamiyezo yakale ya PCI-E - 2.0 ndi 1.0 - ndikwabwino kusagwiritsa ntchito ma NVME SSD. Komanso, galimoto yokhala ndi buffer mu mawonekedwe a memory chip idzakhala yachangu kuposa popanda iyo.
Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kusiya kwathunthu wolamulira wa SATA pa bolodi, ndikupangira kugwiritsa ntchito woyang'anira Asmedia ASM 106x (1061, etc.), omwe amapereka madoko awiri a SATA 600 (mkati kapena kunja). Zimagwira ntchito bwino (pambuyo pakusintha kwa firmware) ndikuthandizira NCQ mumayendedwe a AHCI. Imalumikizana kudzera pa PCI-E 2.0 1x basi.
Liwiro lake lalikulu:
PCI-E 2.0 1x 500 MB/s
PCI-E 1.0 1x 250 MB/s
Liwiro lotheka lidzakhala:
PCI-E 2.0 1x 460 MB/s
PCI-E 1.0 1x 280 MB/s
Izi ndizokwanira SATA SSD imodzi kapena ma HDD awiri.
Zolakwika zomwe mwawona
1. Zosawerengeka ndi NVME SSD, palinso zambiri pazopanga, nambala ya serial, ndi zina zambiri. Mwina chifukwa cha bolodi lachikale kwambiri. Pazoyeserera zanga zopanda umunthu, ndidagwiritsa ntchito MP wakale kwambiri yemwe ndidapeza, ndi nForce4 chipset.
2. TRIM iyenera kugwira ntchito, koma izi ziyenera kufufuzidwa.
Pomaliza
Palinso zotheka zina: gulani chowongolera cha SAS chokhala ndi PCI-E 4x kapena 8x cholumikizira (pali 16x kapena 32x?). Komabe, ngati ali otsika mtengo, amathandizira SAS 600, koma SATA 300, ndipo okwera mtengo adzakhala okwera mtengo komanso ocheperapo kuposa njira yomwe tafotokozera pamwambapa.
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndi M$ Windows, mutha kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu owonjezera - bootloader yokhala ndi madalaivala omangidwa a NVME SSD.
Onani apa:
Ndikupempha wowerenga kuti adziyese yekha ngati akufunikira kugwiritsa ntchito NVME SSD, kapena ngati zingakhale bwino kugula bolodi yatsopano (+ purosesa + kukumbukira) yokhala ndi cholumikizira cha M.2 PCI-E ndi chithandizo choyambira kuchokera. NVME SSD kupita ku EFI.
Source: www.habr.com