Ubwino wa data mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu

Ubwino wa deta mu nyumba yosungiramo katundu ndi chofunikira chofunikira kuti mupeze zambiri zamtengo wapatali. Khalidwe loyipa limabweretsa kusagwirizana ndi unyolo pakapita nthawi.
Choyamba, kudalira zomwe zaperekedwa kumatayika. Anthu ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito za Business Intelligence zochepa; kuthekera kwa mapulogalamu sikunatchulidwe.
Chotsatira chake, ndalama zowonjezereka mu polojekiti yowunikira zimafunsidwa.

Udindo wamtundu wa data

Mbali yokhudzana ndi kuwongolera mtundu wa data ndiyofunikira kwambiri pama projekiti a BI. Komabe, si mwayi wa akatswiri okha luso.
Ubwino wa data umakhudzidwanso ndi zinthu monga

Chikhalidwe chamakampani

• Kodi antchitowo akufuna kupanga zabwino?
• Ngati sichoncho, chifukwa chiyani? Pakhoza kukhala kusagwirizana kwa zofuna.
• Mwinamwake pali malamulo amakampani omwe amatsimikizira yemwe ali ndi udindo pa khalidwe?

Njira

• Ndi deta yanji yomwe imapangidwa kumapeto kwa maunyolo awa?
• Mwinamwake machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito amakonzedwa mwanjira yakuti muyenera "kupotoza" kuti muwonetse izi kapena zomwe zikuchitikadi.
• Kodi makina ogwiritsira ntchito amatsimikizira deta ndikuyanjanitsa okha?

Aliyense m'bungwe ali ndi udindo woyang'anira kuchuluka kwa data pamakina operekera malipoti.

Tanthauzo ndi tanthauzo

Ubwino ndi kukhutitsidwa kwatsimikiziridwa kwa ziyembekezo za makasitomala.

Koma mtundu wa data ulibe tanthauzo. Nthawi zonse zimasonyeza nkhani ya ntchito. Malo osungiramo data ndi dongosolo la BI limagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana kuposa machitidwe omwe deta imachokera.

Mwachitsanzo, pamakina ogwiritsira ntchito, mawonekedwe a kasitomala akhoza kukhala gawo losankha. M'malo osungira, izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kukula ndipo kudzaza kwake kumafunika. Zomwe, nazonso, zimabweretsa kufunika kodzaza miyeso yokhazikika.

Zofunikira zosungira deta zikusintha nthawi zonse ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zapamwamba kuposa zamakina ogwiritsira ntchito. Koma zingakhalenso mwanjira ina, pamene palibe chifukwa chosungira zambiri kuchokera ku opaleshoni yosungiramo zinthu.

Kuti khalidwe la deta likhale loyezeka, miyezo yake iyenera kufotokozedwa. Anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso ndi ziwerengero pazantchito zawo ayenera kutenga nawo gawo pofotokozera. Chotsatira cha kutengapo mbaliku chikhoza kukhala lamulo, kutsatira zomwe munthu angadziwe patebulo ngati pali cholakwika kapena ayi. Lamuloli liyenera kupangidwa ngati script/code kuti litsimikizidwe motsatira.

Kupititsa patsogolo khalidwe la data

Sizingatheke kuyeretsa ndi kukonza zolakwika zonse zongopeka panthawi yokweza deta mu nyumba yosungiramo katundu. Ubwino wa deta ukhoza kupezedwa pokhapokha pogwirizana pakati pa onse omwe akutenga nawo mbali. Anthu omwe amalowetsa deta m'makina ogwiritsira ntchito ayenera kuphunzira zomwe zimayambitsa zolakwika.

Ubwino wa data ndi njira. Tsoka ilo, mabungwe ambiri alibe njira yopititsira patsogolo. Ambiri amadziletsa okha kusunga deta ndipo sagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zonse zowunikira. Kawirikawiri, popanga malo osungiramo deta, 70-80% ya bajeti imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokwaniritsa kugwirizanitsa deta. Kalondolondo ndi kuwongolera kumakhalabe kosakwanira, ngati kuli kotheka.

Zida

Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamapulogalamu kumatha kuthandizira pakuwongolera komanso kuyang'anira deta. Mwachitsanzo, amatha kutsimikizira kutsimikizika kwazinthu zosungirako: mawonekedwe amunda, kukhalapo kwa zikhalidwe zosasinthika, kutsata mayina amasamba.

Zingakhale zovuta kufufuza zomwe zili. Pamene zofunikira zosungira zikusintha, kutanthauzira kwa deta kungasinthenso. Chida chokhacho chikhoza kukhala ntchito yaikulu yomwe imafuna chithandizo.

Chizindikiro

Zosungirako zokhudzana ndi ubale, momwe masitolo amapangidwira nthawi zambiri, ali ndi luso lodabwitsa lopanga malingaliro. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito kufufuza mwamsanga deta ngati mukudziwa zenizeni zomwe zili. Mlandu uliwonse wopeza cholakwika kapena vuto mu data ukhoza kulembedwa ngati funso la database.

Mwanjira iyi, maziko a chidziwitso chokhudza zomwe zilimo adzapangidwa. Zoonadi, zopempha zoterozo ziyenera kufulumira. Mawonedwe amafunikira nthawi yochepa yaumunthu kuti asamalire kuposa zida zapa tebulo. Mawonedwe nthawi zonse amakhala okonzeka kuwonetsa zotsatira za mayeso.
Pankhani ya malipoti ofunikira, mawonekedwewo akhoza kukhala ndi gawo ndi wolandira. Ndizomveka kugwiritsa ntchito zida zomwezo za BI kuti lifotokoze zamtundu wa data munyumba yosungiramo zinthu.

Chitsanzo:

Funsoli linalembedwera ku database ya Oracle. Muchitsanzo ichi, mayesowa amabweretsa nambala yomwe ingathe kutanthauziridwa monga momwe ikufunira. Makhalidwe a T_MIN ndi T_MAX amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha ma alarm. Gawo la REPORT linagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati uthenga mu malonda a ETL omwe sankadziwa kutumiza maimelo moyenera, choncho rpad ndi "crutch".

Pankhani ya tebulo lalikulu, mukhoza kuwonjezera, mwachitsanzo, NDI ROWNUM <= 10, i.e. ngati pali zolakwika 10, ndiye kuti izi ndizokwanira kuyambitsa alamu.

CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW V_QC_DIM_PRODUCT_01 AS
SELECT
  CASE WHEN OUTPUT>=T_MIN AND OUTPUT<=T_MAX
  THEN 'OK' ELSE 'ERROR' END AS RESULT,
  DESCRIPTION,
  TABLE_NAME, 
  OUTPUT, 
  T_MIN,
  T_MAX,
  rpad(DESCRIPTION,60,' ') || rpad(OUTPUT,8,' ') || rpad(T_MIN,8,' ') || rpad(T_MAX,8,' ') AS REPORT
FROM (-- Test itself
  SELECT
    'DIM_PRODUCT' AS TABLE_NAME,
    'Count of blanks' AS DESCRIPTION,
    COUNT(*) AS OUTPUT,
    0 AS T_MIN,
    10 AS T_MAX
  FROM DIM_PRODUCT
  WHERE DIM_PRODUCT_ID != -1 -- not default value
  AND ATTRIBUTE IS NULL ); -- count blanks

Kusindikiza kumagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochokera m'bukuli
Ronald Bachmann, Dr. Guido Kemper
Raus aus der BI-Falle
Wie Business Intelligence zum Erfolg wird

Source: www.habr.com