Mwina mudamvapo za akatswiri, ophunzirira makina ndi akatswiri anzeru zopanga, koma kodi mudamvapo za omwe amalipidwa mopanda chilungamo? Kukumana data charlatan! Ma hacks awa, omwe amakopeka ndi ntchito zopindulitsa, amapatsa asayansi enieni dzina loyipa. M'nkhaniyo timamvetsetsa momwe tingabweretsere anthu otere kumadzi oyera.
Onyenga a data ali paliponse
Onyenga a data ndiabwino kwambiri kubisala poyera kuti mutha kukhala mmodzi wa iwopopanda ngakhale kuzindikira. Mwayi wake, bungwe lanu lakhala likusunga anyamatawa kwazaka zambiri, koma nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti ndizosavuta kuzizindikira ngati mukudziwa zoyenera kuyang'ana.
Chizindikiro choyamba chochenjeza ndi kusamvetsetsa zimenezo ma analytics ndi ziwerengero ndizosiyana kwambiri. Ndifotokozanso izi.
Maphunziro osiyanasiyana
Owerengera amaphunzitsidwa kuti afotokoze zomwe zimapitilira zomwe amapeza, akatswiri amaphunzitsidwa kuti aziwunika zomwe zili mu data. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, akatswiri amapeza zomwe zili mu deta yawo, ndipo owerengera amapeza zomwe sizili mu deta. Openda amakuthandizani kufunsa mafunso abwino (kupanga zongopeka), ndipo owerengera amakuthandizani kupeza mayankho abwino (yesani malingaliro anu).
Palinso maudindo osakanikirana omwe munthu amayesa kukhala pamipando iwiri ... Bwanji? Mfundo yayikulu ya sayansi ya data: ngati mukukumana ndi kusatsimikizika, simungagwiritse ntchito momwemonso data point for hypotheses ndi kuyesa. Deta ikachepa, kusatsimikizika kumapangitsa kusankha pakati pa ziwerengero kapena ma analytics. Kufotokozera .
Popanda ziwerengero, mudzakhala osasunthika ndikulephera kumvetsetsa ngati chigamulo chomwe mwangopangacho chikugwirabe ntchito, ndipo popanda kusanthula, mukuyenda mwakhungu, wopanda mwayi wowongolera zomwe sizikudziwika. Ichi ndi chisankho chovuta.
Njira ya charlatan yotuluka mu chisokonezo ichi ndikunyalanyaza ndikudziyesa kudabwa ndi zomwe zatulukira mwadzidzidzi. Lingaliro kumbuyo kwa kuyesa ziwerengero zowerengera zimatsikira ku funso ngati deta imatidabwitsa mokwanira kuti tisinthe malingaliro athu. Kodi tingadabwe bwanji ndi deta ngati taziwona kale?
Nthawi zonse onyenga akapeza chitsanzo, amalimbikitsidwa, kenako fufuzani deta yomweyo chifukwa chitsanzo chomwecho, kufalitsa zotsatira ndi p-mtengo wovomerezeka kapena ziwiri, pafupi ndi chiphunzitso chawo. Chifukwa chake, akunama kwa inu (ndipo mwinanso kwa iwo eni). P-value iyi ilibe kanthu ngati simutsatira malingaliro anu mpaka momwe mudawonera deta yanu. Charlatans amatsanzira zochita za akatswiri ndi owerengera osamvetsetsa zifukwa zake. Zotsatira zake, gawo lonse la sayansi ya data limakhala ndi mbiri yoyipa.
Owerengera enieni nthawi zonse amakhala ndi malingaliro awoawo
Chifukwa cha mbiri yosadziwika bwino ya owerengera pamalingaliro awo okhwima, kuchuluka kwa zidziwitso zabodza mu Data Science ndizokwera kwambiri. Ndikosavuta kunyenga osagwidwa, makamaka ngati wozunzidwayo akuganiza kuti zonse ndi ma equation ndi data. Detaset ndi dataset, sichoncho? Ayi. Zimatengera momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito.
Mwamwayi, mumangofunika chidziwitso chimodzi kuti mugwire amatsenga: "akuzindikiranso America." Pozindikiranso zochitika zomwe akudziwa kale kuti zilipo mu data.
Mosiyana ndi ma charlatans, openda bwino amakhala omasuka ndipo amamvetsetsa kuti malingaliro olimbikitsa amatha kukhala ndi mafotokozedwe osiyanasiyana. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, akatswiri owerengera bwino amafotokozera bwino zomwe akuganiza asanazipange.
Ofufuza sakhala ndi udindo... bola ngati akukhalabe mkati mwazomwe amapeza. Ngati ayesedwa kunena zomwe sanawone, imeneyo ndi ntchito ina. Ayenera kuvula nsapato za akatswiri ndi kuvala nsapato za owerengera. Kupatula apo, ziribe kanthu kuti udindo wantchito ndi wotani, palibe lamulo lomwe limati simungathe kuphunzira ntchito zonse ziwiri ngati mukufuna. Osawasokoneza basi.
Kungoti mumadziwa bwino masamu sizitanthauza kuti mumasanthula bwino, mosemphanitsa. Ngati wina ayesa kukuuzani zina, muyenera kusamala. Ngati munthuyu akuuzani kuti ndizololedwa kutenga ziwerengero kuchokera ku deta yomwe mwaphunzira kale, ichi ndi chifukwa chokhalira osamala.
Mafotokozedwe odabwitsa
Mukawona anthu akutchire akutchire, mudzawona kuti amakonda kupanga nkhani zosangalatsa kuti "afotokoze" zomwe amawona. Kuchuluka kwa maphunziro, kumakhala bwinoko. Zilibe kanthu kuti nkhanizi zimasinthidwa poyang'ana kumbuyo.
Onyenga akamachita izi - ndinene momveka - akunama. Palibe kuchuluka kwa ma equation kapena malingaliro apamwamba omwe angapangire mfundo yoti iwo anapereka ziro umboni wa malingaliro awo. Musadabwe ndi mmene mafotokozedwe awo aliri achilendo.
Izi ndizofanana ndi kuwonetsa luso lanu la "zamatsenga" poyang'ana kaye makadi omwe ali m'manja mwanu ndiyeno kulosera zomwe mwagwira ... zomwe mwagwira. Uku ndi kukondera, ndipo ntchito ya sayansi ya data yadzaza mpaka pano.
Ofufuza akuti: "Mwangopita ndi Mfumukazi ya Diamondi." Ofufuza amati, βNdinalemba zongopeka zanga papepalali tisanayambe. Tiyeni tisewere ndikuyang'ana ma data ndikuwona ngati ndikulondola." Charlatans akuti, "Ndinkadziwa kuti mudzakhala Mfumukazi ya Diamondi chifukwa ..."
Kugawana deta ndiko kukonza mwachangu komwe aliyense amafunikira.
Pamene palibe deta yambiri, muyenera kusankha pakati pa ziwerengero ndi ma analytics, koma pamene pali deta yochuluka, pali mwayi waukulu wogwiritsa ntchito analytics popanda chinyengo. ΠΈ ziwerengero. Muli ndi chitetezo chokwanira motsutsana ndi ma charlatans - kulekanitsa deta ndipo, mwa lingaliro langa, ili ndilo lingaliro lamphamvu kwambiri mu Data Science.
Kuti mudziteteze kwa azabodza, zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mukusunga deta yoyeserera kuti musamawone, kenako perekani ena onse ngati ma analytics. Mukakumana ndi chiphunzitso chomwe muli pachiwopsezo chovomereza, chigwiritseni ntchito kuti muwunike momwe zinthu zilili, ndikuwulula zomwe mwayesa chinsinsi kuti muwone ngati chiphunzitsocho sichachabechabe. Ndizosavuta!
Onetsetsani kuti palibe amene amaloledwa kuwona deta yoyeserera panthawi yowunikira. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito deta yofufuza. Deta yoyesera sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito posanthula.
Ichi ndi sitepe yaikulu kuchokera ku zomwe anthu amazolowera mu nthawi ya "deta yaying'ono", komwe muyenera kufotokozera momwe mumadziwira zomwe mukudziwa kuti potsiriza mutsimikizire anthu kuti mukudziwadi chinachake.
Gwiritsani ntchito malamulo omwewo ku ML/AI
Onyenga ena omwe amadziwonetsa ngati akatswiri a ML/AI nawonso ndiosavuta kuwawona. Muwagwira monga momwe mungagwirire mainjiniya ena oyipa: "mayankho" omwe amayesa kupanga amalephera nthawi zonse. Chenjezo loyambirira ndikusowa chidziwitso ndi zilankhulo zokhazikika zamapulogalamu ndi malaibulale.
Koma bwanji za anthu omwe amapanga machitidwe omwe amawoneka kuti akugwira ntchito? Mumadziwa bwanji ngati pakuchitika zinthu zokayikitsa? Lamulo lomweli likugwiranso ntchito! Charlatan ndi khalidwe loipa lomwe limakuwonetsani momwe chitsanzocho chinagwirira ntchito ... pa data yomweyi yomwe adagwiritsa ntchito popanga chitsanzo.
Ngati mwapanga makina ophunzirira makina ovuta kwambiri, mumadziwa bwanji kuti ndiabwino bwanji? Simudziwa mpaka mutamuwonetsa akugwira ntchito ndi deta yatsopano yomwe sanawonepo.
Mukawona deta musanalosere - ndizokayikitsa kalekunena
Mukakhala ndi deta yokwanira kuti mulekanitse, simuyenera kutchula kukongola kwa mafomu anu kuti mutsimikizire polojekitiyi (chizoloΕ΅ezi chachikale chomwe ndimachiwona paliponse, osati mu sayansi). Mutha kunena kuti: "Ndikudziwa kuti zimagwira ntchito chifukwa ndikhoza kutenga deta yomwe sindinayiwonepo ndikuwonetseratu zomwe zidzachitike kumeneko ... ndipo ndidzakhala wolondola. Mobwerezabwereza".
Kuyesa chitsanzo / chiphunzitso chanu motsutsana ndi deta yatsopano ndiye maziko abwino kwambiri odalirika.
Sindilekerera anthu onyenga. Sindisamala ngati malingaliro anu akuchokera pazamisala zosiyanasiyana. Sindikusangalatsidwa ndi kukongola kwa mafotokozedwe. Ndiwonetseni kuti chiphunzitso chanu / chitsanzo chanu chimagwira ntchito (ndipo chikupitirizabe kugwira ntchito) pamagulu onse atsopano omwe simunawawonepo. Ichi ndiye chiyeso chenicheni cha mphamvu ya malingaliro anu.
Kulumikizana ndi Akatswiri a Sayansi ya Data
Ngati mukufuna kutengedwa mozama ndi aliyense amene amamvetsetsa nthabwala izi, siyani kubisala kumbuyo kwa ma equation apamwamba kuti muthandizire kukondera kwanu. Ndiwonetseni zomwe muli nazo. Ngati mukufuna kuti omwe "amapeza" aziwona chiphunzitso chanu / chitsanzo chanu monga ndakatulo zolimbikitsa, khalani olimba mtima kuti muwonetsere momwe zimagwirira ntchito pa deta yatsopano ... pamaso pa mboni. !
Funsani atsogoleri
Kanani kutengera mozama "malingaliro" aliwonse okhudzana ndi deta mpaka atayesedwa chatsopano deta. Kodi simukufuna kuchita khama? Khalani ndi analytics, koma musadalire malingaliro awa - ndi osadalirika ndipo sanayesedwe kudalirika. Komanso, bungwe likakhala ndi deta yochulukirapo, palibe cholakwika chopangitsa kulekanitsa kukhala kofunikira mu sayansi ndikuyisunga pamlingo wa zomangamanga powongolera mwayi wopeza deta yoyeserera paziwerengero. Iyi ndi njira yabwino yoletsera anthu kuyesa kukupusitsani!
Ngati mukufuna kuwona zitsanzo zambiri za ma charlatan mpaka zabwino - .
Zotsatira
Pakakhala chidziwitso chochepa kuti chilekanitse, ndi charlatan yekha yemwe amayesa kutsatira mosamalitsa kudzoza pozindikira America mobwerera, ndikuzindikiranso masamu zomwe zimadziwika kale kuti zili mu datayo, ndikutcha kudabwitsako kukhala kofunikira. Izi zimawasiyanitsa ndi wopenda maganizo otseguka, yemwe amachita ndi kudzoza, ndi wowerengera mosamala, amene amapereka umboni polosera.
Pakakhala zambiri, khalani ndi chizolowezi cholekanitsa deta kuti mukhale ndi zabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi! Onetsetsani kuti mukupanga analytics ndi ziwerengero padera pamagulu ang'onoang'ono a mulu woyambirira wa data.
- Ofufuza kukupatsirani chilimbikitso ndi malingaliro otseguka.
- Ziwerengero ndikupatseni mayeso okhwima.
- Charlatans ndikupatseni malingaliro opotoka omwe amadziyesa ngati ma analytics kuphatikiza ziwerengero.
Mwina, mutawerenga nkhaniyi, mudzakhala ndi lingaliro lakuti βkodi ndine wonyengaβ? Izi nzabwino. Pali njira ziwiri zochotsera lingaliro ili: choyamba, yang'anani mmbuyo, onani zomwe mwachita, ngati ntchito yanu ndi deta yabweretsa phindu lenileni. Ndipo chachiwiri, mutha kugwirabe ntchito paziyeneretso zanu (zomwe sizingakhale zochulukirapo), makamaka popeza timapatsa ophunzira athu luso lothandiza komanso chidziwitso chomwe chimawalola kukhala asayansi enieni a data.
Maphunziro ambiri
Werengani zambiri
Source: www.habr.com