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Mu 2017, pa Lachisanu Lachisanu, katunduyo adakula pafupifupi nthawi imodzi ndi theka, ndipo ma seva athu anali atatha. M'chaka, chiwerengero cha makasitomala chakula kwambiri, ndipo zinaonekeratu kuti popanda kukonzekera koyambirira, nsanjayo siingathe kupirira katundu wa 2018.
Tinakhazikitsa cholinga chofuna kutchuka kwambiri: tinkafuna kukhala okonzekera bwino ntchito iliyonse, ngakhale yamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo tinayamba kukhazikitsa zatsopano pasadakhale chaka chonse.
CTO wathu Andrey Chizh () limafotokoza momwe tinakonzekerera Black Friday 2018, zomwe tidachita kuti tipewe kugwa, ndipo, zowona, zotsatira za kukonzekera kotereku.
Lero ndikufuna kulankhula za kukonzekera Black Friday 2018. Chifukwa chiyani tsopano, pamene malonda ambiri akuluakulu ali kumbuyo kwathu? Tinayamba kukonzekera pafupifupi chaka chisanachitike zochitika zazikuluzikulu, ndipo kupyolera mu kuyesa ndi zolakwika tinapeza yankho labwino kwambiri. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti musamalire nyengo zotentha pasadakhale ndikupewa chinyengo chomwe chingabwere panthawi yosayenera.
Nkhaniyi idzakhala yothandiza kwa aliyense amene akufuna kufinya phindu lalikulu kuchokera kuzinthu zotere, chifukwa Mbali yaukadaulo ya nkhaniyi siili pansi pazamalonda pano.
Mawonekedwe a traffic pamalonda akuluakulu
Mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, Lachisanu Lachisanu si tsiku limodzi pachaka, koma pafupifupi sabata lathunthu: kuchotsera koyamba kumafika masiku 7-8 asanagulitse. Kuchuluka kwa mawebusayiti kumayamba kukula bwino sabata yonse, kufika pachimake Lachisanu ndipo kumatsika kwambiri Loweruka kupita kumisika yokhazikika.
Izi ndizofunikira kuziganizira: malo ogulitsira pa intaneti amakhala okhudzidwa kwambiri ndi "kuchepa" kulikonse mudongosolo. Kuphatikiza apo, mndandanda wamakalata athu a imelo nawonso udachulukirachulukira kuchuluka kwa zomwe zatumizidwa.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tidutse Black Friday popanda ngozi, chifukwa ... Kugwira ntchito kofunikira kwambiri pamawebusayiti ndi zolemba zamakalata kumatengera momwe nsanja imagwirira ntchito, zomwe ndi:
- Kutsata ndi kupereka malangizo azinthu,
- Kutulutsa kwazinthu zofananira (mwachitsanzo, zithunzi zamapangidwe amiyala yolimbikitsira, monga mivi, ma logo, zithunzi ndi zinthu zina zowoneka),
- Kupereka zithunzi zamtundu wofunikira (pazifukwa izi tili ndi "ImageResizer" - kachitidwe kakang'ono kamene kamatsitsa chithunzi kuchokera pa seva ya sitolo, kukanikizira mpaka kukula kofunikira ndipo, kudzera pa ma seva osungira, amapanga zithunzi za kukula kofunikira kwa chinthu chilichonse. chipika chilichonse cholimbikitsa).
M'malo mwake, pa Lachisanu Lachisanu 2019, kuchuluka kwa ntchitoyo kudakwera ndi 40%, i.e. chiwerengero cha zochitika zomwe Retail Rocket system imatsata ndi ndondomeko pa malo ogulitsa pa intaneti zawonjezeka kuchokera ku 5 mpaka 8 zopempha zikwi pamphindi. Chifukwa chakuti tinali kukonzekera katundu wovuta kwambiri, tinapulumuka mosavuta pa mawomba oterowo.
Maphunziro ambiri
Lachisanu Lachisanu ndi nthawi yotanganidwa kwa onse ogulitsa ndi e-malonda makamaka. Chiwerengero cha ogwiritsa ntchito ndi ntchito zawo panthawiyi chikukula kwambiri, kotero ife, monga nthawi zonse, timakonzekera bwino nthawi yotanganidwayi. Tiyeni tiwonjezere apa kuti tili ndi masitolo ambiri a pa intaneti omwe amagwirizanitsidwa osati ku Russia kokha, komanso ku Ulaya, kumene chisangalalo chimakhala chapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo timakhala ndi chilakolako choipitsitsa kuposa mndandanda wa Brazil. Ndi chiyani chomwe chiyenera kuchitidwa kuti mukhale okonzekera mokwanira kaamba ka katundu wowonjezereka?
Kugwira ntchito ndi ma seva
Choyamba, kunali kofunikira kuti tipeze zomwe tikufunikira kuti tiwonjezere mphamvu ya seva. Kale mu Ogasiti, tinayamba kuyitanitsa ma seva atsopano makamaka a Black Friday - palimodzi tawonjezera makina 10 owonjezera. Pofika mβmwezi wa November anali atamenyana kotheratu.
Nthawi yomweyo, makina ena omanga adayikidwanso kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ngati ma seva a Application. Nthawi yomweyo tidawakonzekeretsa kuti agwiritse ntchito ntchito zosiyanasiyana: popereka malingaliro ndi ntchito ya ImageResizer, kuti, kutengera mtundu wa katundu, iliyonse ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa imodzi mwamaudindowa. Munjira yabwinobwino, maseva a Application ndi ImageResizer ali ndi ntchito zomveka bwino: malingaliro omwe adatulutsidwa kale, zithunzi zomaliza zamakalata ndi mabulogu amawu pamawebusayiti ogula pa intaneti. Pokonzekera Lachisanu Lachisanu, adaganiza zopanga ma seva onse amitundu iwiri kuti athe kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pakati pawo kutengera mtundu watsitsa.
Kenako tidawonjezera ma seva akulu awiri a Kafka (Apache Kafka) ndipo tidapeza gulu la makina 5 amphamvu. Tsoka ilo, zonse sizinayende bwino monga momwe tingafunire: panthawi yolumikizira deta, makina awiri atsopano adakhala m'lifupi lonse la njira yolumikizira netiweki, ndipo tidayenera kudziwa mwachangu momwe tingachitire powonjezera mwachangu komanso motetezeka kwa zomangamanga zonse. Kuti athetse vutoli, oyang'anira athu adayenera kudzipereka molimba mtima Loweruka ndi Lamlungu.
Kugwira ntchito ndi data
Kuphatikiza pa maseva, tinaganiza zokongoletsa mafayilo kuti achepetse katunduyo ndipo gawo lalikulu kwa ife linali kumasulira kwa mafayilo osasunthika. Mafayilo onse osasunthika omwe adasungidwa kale pamaseva adasunthidwa kupita ku S3 + Cloudfront. Takhala tikufuna kuchita izi kwa nthawi yayitali, popeza katundu pa seva anali pafupi ndi malire a malire, ndipo tsopano mwayi waukulu wapezeka.
Patangotha ββββsabata Lachisanu Lachisanu, tidawonjezera nthawi yosungira zithunzi kukhala masiku atatu, kotero kuti ImageResizer itasweka, zithunzi zomwe zidasungidwa kale zibwezedwa ku cdn. Zinachepetsanso katundu pa maseva athu, popeza chithunzicho chikasungidwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri timasowa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu pakukulitsa.
Ndipo potsiriza: masiku 5 Black Friday isanafike, kuimitsidwa kunalengezedwa pa kutumizidwa kwa ntchito iliyonse yatsopano, komanso pa ntchito iliyonse ndi zomangamanga - chidwi chonse ndi cholinga chothana ndi kuchuluka kwa katundu.
Mapulani ochitira zinthu zovuta
Ziribe kanthu momwe kukonzekera kuliri kwapamwamba, fakaps nthawi zonse ndi zotheka. Ndipo tapanga njira zitatu zoyankhira pazovuta zomwe zingatheke:
- kuchepetsa katundu,
- kuletsa ntchito zina,
- kutseka kwathunthu kwa utumiki.
Konzani A: Chepetsani katundu. Zikadakhala zitatsegulidwa ngati, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa katundu, ma seva athu adapitilira nthawi yovomerezeka. Pankhaniyi, takonzekera njira zochepetsera pang'onopang'ono katunduyo mwa kusintha gawo la magalimoto ku ma seva a Amazon, omwe angangoyankha zopempha zonse ndi "200 OK" ndikupereka yankho lopanda kanthu. Tidamvetsetsa kuti uku kunali kuwonongeka kwautumiki, koma kusankha pakati pa mfundo yakuti ntchitoyo siigwira ntchito konse kapena sikuwonetsa malingaliro pafupifupi 10% ya magalimoto ndizodziwikiratu.
Plan B: Letsani ntchito. Zimatanthawuza kuchepetsedwa pang'ono kwa utumiki. Mwachitsanzo, kuchepetsa liwiro la kuwerengera zomwe munthu angakonde kuti atsitse nkhokwe zina ndi njira zoyankhulirana. Mumayendedwe abwinobwino, malingaliro amawerengedwa munthawi yeniyeni, ndikupanga mtundu wosiyana wa sitolo yapaintaneti kwa mlendo aliyense, koma pakachulukidwe kachulukidwe, kuchepetsa liwiro kumalola mautumiki ena oyambira kupitiliza kugwira ntchito.
Plan C: pakagwa Armagedo. Ngati kulephera kwathunthu kwadongosolo kumachitika, takonzekera dongosolo lomwe litiloleza kuti tisalumikizidwa bwino ndi makasitomala athu. Ogula m'masitolo amangosiya kuwona malingaliro; machitidwe a sitolo yapaintaneti sangavutike mwanjira iliyonse. Kuti tichite izi, tifunika kukonzanso fayilo yathu yophatikizira kuti ogwiritsa ntchito atsopano asiye kuyanjana ndi ntchitoyi. Ndiye kuti, tingalepheretse khodi yathu yayikulu yotsatirira, ntchitoyo imasiya kusonkhanitsa deta ndikuwerengera malingaliro, ndipo wogwiritsa ntchito amangowona tsamba lopanda zoletsa. Kwa onse omwe adalandira kale fayilo yophatikizira, tapereka mwayi wosinthira mbiri ya DNS ku Amazon ndi 200 OK stub.
Zotsatira
Tinagwira ntchito yonseyo ngakhale popanda kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito makina omanga owonjezera. Ndipo chifukwa cha kukonzekera pasadakhale, sitinafune mayankhidwe aliwonse opangidwa. Koma ntchito zonse zomwe zachitika ndi zamtengo wapatali zomwe zitithandiza kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kosayembekezereka komanso kwakukulu.
Monga mu 2017, katundu pa ntchitoyi adakwera ndi 40%, ndipo chiwerengero cha ogwiritsa ntchito m'masitolo a pa intaneti chinawonjezeka ndi 60% pa Black Friday. Zovuta zonse ndi zolakwika zidachitika panthawi yokonzekera, zomwe zidatipulumutsa ife ndi makasitomala athu kuzinthu zosayembekezereka.
Kodi mukulimbana bwanji ndi Black Friday? Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji katundu wovuta kwambiri?
Source: www.habr.com